Brief Report: Sexual Orientation in Individuals with Autistic Traits: Population Based Study of 47,000 Adults in Stockholm County / C. E. S. RUDOLPH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-2 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-2 (February 2018) . - p.619-624 Titre : Brief Report: Sexual Orientation in Individuals with Autistic Traits: Population Based Study of 47,000 Adults in Stockholm County Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. E. S. RUDOLPH, Auteur ; A. LUNDIN, Auteur ; J. W. AHS, Auteur ; C. DALMAN, Auteur ; K. KOSIDOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.619-624 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aq-10  Bisexuality  Epidemiology  Homosexuality  Sexual orientation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined the association between autistic traits and sexual orientation in a general adult population (N = 47,356). Autistic traits were measured with the ten items Autistic Quotient questionnaire using a cut-off score of >/= 6. Sexual orientation was assessed by self-report. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sexual orientation categories. Participants with autistic traits were more likely to identify as bisexual (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.01-2.9) and to feel that their sexual orientation could neither be described as hetero-, homo- nor bisexual (OR 3.05; 95% CI 2.56-3.63), compared to individuals without autistic traits. Autistic traits are associated with minority sexual orientation, and perhaps with uncertain self-identification and/or a defiance of traditional ways of categorizing sexual identity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3369-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=338 [article] Brief Report: Sexual Orientation in Individuals with Autistic Traits: Population Based Study of 47,000 Adults in Stockholm County [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. E. S. RUDOLPH, Auteur ; A. LUNDIN, Auteur ; J. W. AHS, Auteur ; C. DALMAN, Auteur ; K. KOSIDOU, Auteur . - p.619-624. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-2 (February 2018) . - p.619-624 Mots-clés : Aq-10  Bisexuality  Epidemiology  Homosexuality  Sexual orientation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined the association between autistic traits and sexual orientation in a general adult population (N = 47,356). Autistic traits were measured with the ten items Autistic Quotient questionnaire using a cut-off score of >/= 6. Sexual orientation was assessed by self-report. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sexual orientation categories. Participants with autistic traits were more likely to identify as bisexual (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.01-2.9) and to feel that their sexual orientation could neither be described as hetero-, homo- nor bisexual (OR 3.05; 95% CI 2.56-3.63), compared to individuals without autistic traits. Autistic traits are associated with minority sexual orientation, and perhaps with uncertain self-identification and/or a defiance of traditional ways of categorizing sexual identity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3369-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=338

Maternal antibodies to gliadin and autism spectrum disorders in offspring-A population-based case-control study in Sweden / R. M. GARDNER in Autism Research, 14-9 (September 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.2002-2016 Titre : Maternal antibodies to gliadin and autism spectrum disorders in offspring-A population-based case-control study in Sweden Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. M. GARDNER, Auteur ; I. SAMUELSSON, Auteur ; E. G. SEVERANCE, Auteur ; H. SJÖQVIST, Auteur ; R. H. YOLKEN, Auteur ; C. DALMAN, Auteur ; H. KARLSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2002-2016 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Case-Control Studies  Female  Gliadin  Humans  Pregnancy  Sweden/epidemiology  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  gliadin  gluten-sensitivity  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have higher levels of antibodies directed towards gliadin, a component of wheat gluten, no study has examined anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA) in etiologically relevant periods before diagnosis. The objective of this study was to investigate if maternal levels of AGA, during pregnancy and at the time of birth, are associated with ASD in offspring. We analyzed AGA in archived neonatal dried blood spots (NDBS) for 921 ASD cases and 1090 controls, and in paired maternal sera collected earlier in pregnancy for a subset of 547 cases and 428 controls. We examined associations with ASD diagnoses as a group and considering common comorbidities (intellectual disability [ID] and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder). We compared 206 cases to their unaffected siblings to examine the potential for confounding by shared familial factors. Odds of ASD tended to be lower among those with the highest levels (?90th percentile) of AGA compared to those with low levels (<80th percentile; OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.56-1.09, measured in NDBS). This pattern was more apparent for ASD with comorbid ID when measured in NDBS (0.51, 0.30-0.87), with a similar trend in maternal sera (0.55, 0.24-1.29). High levels of AGA were similarly associated with lower odds of ASD in the sibling comparison. In summary, we found little association between maternal antibodies raised against components of gluten and risk of ASD in general. Exposure to high levels of AGA in the pre- and perinatal periods may be protective in terms of risk for ASD with ID. LAY SUMMARY: There is a debate among both scientists and community members as to whether an immune reaction to gluten exposure could be considered a cause of autism. We examined antibodies that are directed against gliadin, a part of gluten, in samples collected from pregnant mothers and their newborn babies. We did not see any major differences in the antibody level among those children diagnosed with ASD or their mothers compared to children who were not diagnosed with ASD. High levels of the antibodies were in fact associated with a somewhat lower risk of ASD with co-occurring intellectual disabilities, though we cannot tell from this study why that might be the case. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2567 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Maternal antibodies to gliadin and autism spectrum disorders in offspring-A population-based case-control study in Sweden [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. M. GARDNER, Auteur ; I. SAMUELSSON, Auteur ; E. G. SEVERANCE, Auteur ; H. SJÖQVIST, Auteur ; R. H. YOLKEN, Auteur ; C. DALMAN, Auteur ; H. KARLSSON, Auteur . - p.2002-2016. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.2002-2016 Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Case-Control Studies  Female  Gliadin  Humans  Pregnancy  Sweden/epidemiology  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  gliadin  gluten-sensitivity  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have higher levels of antibodies directed towards gliadin, a component of wheat gluten, no study has examined anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA) in etiologically relevant periods before diagnosis. The objective of this study was to investigate if maternal levels of AGA, during pregnancy and at the time of birth, are associated with ASD in offspring. We analyzed AGA in archived neonatal dried blood spots (NDBS) for 921 ASD cases and 1090 controls, and in paired maternal sera collected earlier in pregnancy for a subset of 547 cases and 428 controls. We examined associations with ASD diagnoses as a group and considering common comorbidities (intellectual disability [ID] and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder). We compared 206 cases to their unaffected siblings to examine the potential for confounding by shared familial factors. Odds of ASD tended to be lower among those with the highest levels (?90th percentile) of AGA compared to those with low levels (<80th percentile; OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.56-1.09, measured in NDBS). This pattern was more apparent for ASD with comorbid ID when measured in NDBS (0.51, 0.30-0.87), with a similar trend in maternal sera (0.55, 0.24-1.29). High levels of AGA were similarly associated with lower odds of ASD in the sibling comparison. In summary, we found little association between maternal antibodies raised against components of gluten and risk of ASD in general. Exposure to high levels of AGA in the pre- and perinatal periods may be protective in terms of risk for ASD with ID. LAY SUMMARY: There is a debate among both scientists and community members as to whether an immune reaction to gluten exposure could be considered a cause of autism. We examined antibodies that are directed against gliadin, a part of gluten, in samples collected from pregnant mothers and their newborn babies. We did not see any major differences in the antibody level among those children diagnosed with ASD or their mothers compared to children who were not diagnosed with ASD. High levels of the antibodies were in fact associated with a somewhat lower risk of ASD with co-occurring intellectual disabilities, though we cannot tell from this study why that might be the case. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2567 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Measuring Autism Traits in the Adult General Population with the Brief Autism-Spectrum Quotient, AQ-10: Findings from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort / A. LUNDIN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-2 (February 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-2 (February 2019) . - p.773-780 Titre : Measuring Autism Traits in the Adult General Population with the Brief Autism-Spectrum Quotient, AQ-10: Findings from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. LUNDIN, Auteur ; K. KOSIDOU, Auteur ; C. DALMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.773-780 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention switching  Attention to details  Autistic traits  Imagination  Routine  Social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The autism-spectrum quotient scale was developed to study autism as a spectrum. Few studies have examined the psychometric properties of the 10 item AQ (AQ-10). We examine the AQ-10 measurement ability and convergent validity in a population health survey (n = 44,722). METHODS: The item severity and item discrimination was assessed using item response theory. Convergent validity was assessed by regressing on ADHD, psychological distress (PD) and having an education in the sciences. RESULTS: Whilst unidimensional, the AQ-10 had some poorly fitting items. Item discrimination ranged from very low to very high. The scale correlated as hypothesised with the regress expected when factoring in ADHD, PD and possessing an eduction in the sciences. CONCLUSION: The AQ-10 has adequate validity in the present sample and may be used in s as a measure of autistic traits. In Conclusion, The AQ-10 has adequate validity to be used in health surveys as a measure of autistic traits, although some items may perform poorly. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3749-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=382 [article] Measuring Autism Traits in the Adult General Population with the Brief Autism-Spectrum Quotient, AQ-10: Findings from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. LUNDIN, Auteur ; K. KOSIDOU, Auteur ; C. DALMAN, Auteur . - p.773-780. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-2 (February 2019) . - p.773-780 Mots-clés : Attention switching  Attention to details  Autistic traits  Imagination  Routine  Social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The autism-spectrum quotient scale was developed to study autism as a spectrum. Few studies have examined the psychometric properties of the 10 item AQ (AQ-10). We examine the AQ-10 measurement ability and convergent validity in a population health survey (n = 44,722). METHODS: The item severity and item discrimination was assessed using item response theory. Convergent validity was assessed by regressing on ADHD, psychological distress (PD) and having an education in the sciences. RESULTS: Whilst unidimensional, the AQ-10 had some poorly fitting items. Item discrimination ranged from very low to very high. The scale correlated as hypothesised with the regress expected when factoring in ADHD, PD and possessing an eduction in the sciences. CONCLUSION: The AQ-10 has adequate validity in the present sample and may be used in s as a measure of autistic traits. In Conclusion, The AQ-10 has adequate validity to be used in health surveys as a measure of autistic traits, although some items may perform poorly. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3749-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=382

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