Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence / Jessica KLUSEK in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 9-1 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.31 Titre : Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jessica KLUSEK, Auteur ; Jonathan SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Amanda J. FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Anna PORTER, Auteur ; Jane E. ROBERTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.31 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Direct gaze  Eye contact  Fragile X carriers  Social cognition  Social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The FMR1 premutation affects 1:291 women and is associated with a range of cognitive, affective, and physical health complications, including deficits in pragmatic language (i.e., social language). This study investigated attention to eye gaze as a fundamental social-cognitive skill that may be impaired in the FMR1 premutation and could underlie pragmatic deficits. Given the high prevalence of the FMR1 premutation, efforts to define its phenotype and mechanistic underpinnings have significant public health implications. METHODS: Thirty-five women with the FMR1 premutation and 20 control women completed an eye-tracking paradigm that recorded time spent dwelling within the eye region in response to a face displaying either direct or averted gaze. Pragmatic language ability was coded from a conversational sample using the Pragmatic Rating Scale. RESULTS: Women with the FMR1 premutation failed to show attentional preference to direct gaze and spent more time dwelling on the averted eyes relative to controls. While dwelling on the eyes was associated with better pragmatic language performance in controls, these variables were unrelated in the women with the FMR1 premutation. CONCLUSIONS: Altered sensitivity to social gaze, characterized by increased salience of averted gaze, was observed among women with the FMR1 premutation. Furthermore, women with the FMR1 premutation were unable to capitalize on information conveyed through the eyes to enhance social-communicative engagement, which differed from patterns seen in controls. These findings contribute to the growing characterization of social and communication phenotypes associated with the FMR1 premutation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9211-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350 [article] Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence [texte imprimé] / Jessica KLUSEK, Auteur ; Jonathan SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Amanda J. FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Anna PORTER, Auteur ; Jane E. ROBERTS, Auteur . - p.31. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.31 Mots-clés : Direct gaze  Eye contact  Fragile X carriers  Social cognition  Social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The FMR1 premutation affects 1:291 women and is associated with a range of cognitive, affective, and physical health complications, including deficits in pragmatic language (i.e., social language). This study investigated attention to eye gaze as a fundamental social-cognitive skill that may be impaired in the FMR1 premutation and could underlie pragmatic deficits. Given the high prevalence of the FMR1 premutation, efforts to define its phenotype and mechanistic underpinnings have significant public health implications. METHODS: Thirty-five women with the FMR1 premutation and 20 control women completed an eye-tracking paradigm that recorded time spent dwelling within the eye region in response to a face displaying either direct or averted gaze. Pragmatic language ability was coded from a conversational sample using the Pragmatic Rating Scale. RESULTS: Women with the FMR1 premutation failed to show attentional preference to direct gaze and spent more time dwelling on the averted eyes relative to controls. While dwelling on the eyes was associated with better pragmatic language performance in controls, these variables were unrelated in the women with the FMR1 premutation. CONCLUSIONS: Altered sensitivity to social gaze, characterized by increased salience of averted gaze, was observed among women with the FMR1 premutation. Furthermore, women with the FMR1 premutation were unable to capitalize on information conveyed through the eyes to enhance social-communicative engagement, which differed from patterns seen in controls. These findings contribute to the growing characterization of social and communication phenotypes associated with the FMR1 premutation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9211-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350

Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety Disorders in Adolescent and Adult Males with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome / Jordan EZELL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-3 (March 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.1131-1141 Titre : Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety Disorders in Adolescent and Adult Males with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jordan EZELL, Auteur ; Abigail L. HOGAN, Auteur ; Amanda J. FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Kimberly HILLS, Auteur ; Jessica KLUSEK, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; Jacqueline ROBERTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1131-1141 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  Autism spectrum disorder  Fragile X syndrome  Intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders affect ~ 15-20% of youths without neurodevelopmental disorders, with persons having autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and fragile X syndrome (FXS) at elevated risk for anxiety disorders. Few studies have compared rates and predictors of anxiety disorders in adolescents with FXS or ASD. This study directly compares rates, predictors, and medication of anxiety disorders between age-matched, male adolescents with FXS (n = 31) or ASD (n = 20). Results indicate that 51.6% of FXS and 50.0% of ASD adolescents met criteria for an anxiety disorder. Cognitive scores and ASD severity did not predict anxiety. Of those with anxiety, ~ 40% of the FXS and 20% of the ASD participants were prescribed medications for anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3804-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386 [article] Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety Disorders in Adolescent and Adult Males with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome [texte imprimé] / Jordan EZELL, Auteur ; Abigail L. HOGAN, Auteur ; Amanda J. FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Kimberly HILLS, Auteur ; Jessica KLUSEK, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; Jacqueline ROBERTS, Auteur . - p.1131-1141. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.1131-1141 Mots-clés : Anxiety  Autism spectrum disorder  Fragile X syndrome  Intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders affect ~ 15-20% of youths without neurodevelopmental disorders, with persons having autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and fragile X syndrome (FXS) at elevated risk for anxiety disorders. Few studies have compared rates and predictors of anxiety disorders in adolescents with FXS or ASD. This study directly compares rates, predictors, and medication of anxiety disorders between age-matched, male adolescents with FXS (n = 31) or ASD (n = 20). Results indicate that 51.6% of FXS and 50.0% of ASD adolescents met criteria for an anxiety disorder. Cognitive scores and ASD severity did not predict anxiety. Of those with anxiety, ~ 40% of the FXS and 20% of the ASD participants were prescribed medications for anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3804-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386

Social Avoidance Emerges in Infancy and Persists into Adulthood in Fragile X Syndrome / Jacqueline ROBERTS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-9 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-9 (September 2019) . - p.3753-3766 Titre : Social Avoidance Emerges in Infancy and Persists into Adulthood in Fragile X Syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jacqueline ROBERTS, Auteur ; Hayley CRAWFORD, Auteur ; Abigail L. HOGAN-BROWN, Auteur ; Amanda J. FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Bridgette TONNSEN, Auteur ; Alexis M. BREWE, Auteur ; Shannon O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Douglas A. ROBERTS, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3753-3766 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Fragile X  Infant  Social anxiety  Social approach Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is characterized by both social approach and social avoidance. However, the age of emergence and developmental trajectory of social avoidance has not been examined. This study investigates the longitudinal developmental trajectory and dynamic nature of social avoidance in males with FXS from infancy through young adulthood (n = 191). Multiple facets of social avoidance were collected using the Social Avoidance Scale (Roberts et al. 2007, 2009). Overall, 81% of males with FXS displayed social avoidance, which emerged during infancy, increased in severity across childhood, and stabilized through adolescence and early adulthood. An exaggerated "warm up" effect was also observed in FXS. This study delineates the complex profile of social avoidance, a common and impairing behavioral feature of FXS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04051-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Social Avoidance Emerges in Infancy and Persists into Adulthood in Fragile X Syndrome [texte imprimé] / Jacqueline ROBERTS, Auteur ; Hayley CRAWFORD, Auteur ; Abigail L. HOGAN-BROWN, Auteur ; Amanda J. FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Bridgette TONNSEN, Auteur ; Alexis M. BREWE, Auteur ; Shannon O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Douglas A. ROBERTS, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur . - p.3753-3766. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-9 (September 2019) . - p.3753-3766 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Fragile X  Infant  Social anxiety  Social approach Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is characterized by both social approach and social avoidance. However, the age of emergence and developmental trajectory of social avoidance has not been examined. This study investigates the longitudinal developmental trajectory and dynamic nature of social avoidance in males with FXS from infancy through young adulthood (n = 191). Multiple facets of social avoidance were collected using the Social Avoidance Scale (Roberts et al. 2007, 2009). Overall, 81% of males with FXS displayed social avoidance, which emerged during infancy, increased in severity across childhood, and stabilized through adolescence and early adulthood. An exaggerated "warm up" effect was also observed in FXS. This study delineates the complex profile of social avoidance, a common and impairing behavioral feature of FXS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04051-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Vagal Tone as a Putative Mechanism for Pragmatic Competence: An Investigation of Carriers of the FMR1 Premutation / Jessica KLUSEK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-1 (January 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-1 (January 2019) . - p.197-208 Titre : Vagal Tone as a Putative Mechanism for Pragmatic Competence: An Investigation of Carriers of the FMR1 Premutation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jessica KLUSEK, Auteur ; Amanda J. FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Jane E. ROBERTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.197-208 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fragile X carrier  Hrv  Rsa  Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder  Social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pragmatic language skills exist across a continuum in typical and clinical populations, and are impaired in many neurodevelopmental disorders, most notably autism. The mechanisms underlying pragmatic impairment are poorly understood, although theory suggests dampened vagal tone plays a role. This study investigated the FMR1 premutation as a genetic model that may lend insight into the relationship between vagal function and pragmatic ability. Participants included 38 women with the FMR1 premutation and 23 controls. Vagal tone accounted for significant variance in pragmatics across both groups and statistically mediated the effect of FMR1 premutation status on pragmatic ability. Results support vagal tone as a biophysiological correlate of pragmatic ability, which informs potential mechanistic underpinnings and could have implications for targeted treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3714-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=376 [article] Vagal Tone as a Putative Mechanism for Pragmatic Competence: An Investigation of Carriers of the FMR1 Premutation [texte imprimé] / Jessica KLUSEK, Auteur ; Amanda J. FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Jane E. ROBERTS, Auteur . - p.197-208. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-1 (January 2019) . - p.197-208 Mots-clés : Fragile X carrier  Hrv  Rsa  Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder  Social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pragmatic language skills exist across a continuum in typical and clinical populations, and are impaired in many neurodevelopmental disorders, most notably autism. The mechanisms underlying pragmatic impairment are poorly understood, although theory suggests dampened vagal tone plays a role. This study investigated the FMR1 premutation as a genetic model that may lend insight into the relationship between vagal function and pragmatic ability. Participants included 38 women with the FMR1 premutation and 23 controls. Vagal tone accounted for significant variance in pragmatics across both groups and statistically mediated the effect of FMR1 premutation status on pragmatic ability. Results support vagal tone as a biophysiological correlate of pragmatic ability, which informs potential mechanistic underpinnings and could have implications for targeted treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3714-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=376

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