Categorical Speech Perception in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions / Mary E. STEWART in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-1 (January 2018) . - p.72-82 Titre : Categorical Speech Perception in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mary E. STEWART, Auteur ; Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; M. OTA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.72-82 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Auditory discrimination  Autism  Categorical speech perception  Language  Phoneme Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study tested whether individuals with autism spectrum conditions (n = 23) show enhanced discrimination of acoustic differences that signal a linguistic contrast (i.e., /g/ versus /k/ as in 'goat' and 'coat') and whether they process such differences in a less categorical fashion as compared with 23 IQ-matched typically developed adults. Tasks administered were nonverbal IQ, verbal IQ, 5 language measures, a speech perception task, and the ADOS. The speech perception task measured the discrimination of paired exemplars along the /g/-/k/ continuum. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions did not show enhanced discrimination of speech perception. Categorical speech perception was correlated with verbal ability of reading, lexical decision, and verbal IQ in individuals with autism spectrum conditions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3284-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336 [article] Categorical Speech Perception in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions [texte imprimé] / Mary E. STEWART, Auteur ; Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; M. OTA, Auteur . - p.72-82. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-1 (January 2018) . - p.72-82 Mots-clés : Auditory discrimination  Autism  Categorical speech perception  Language  Phoneme Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study tested whether individuals with autism spectrum conditions (n = 23) show enhanced discrimination of acoustic differences that signal a linguistic contrast (i.e., /g/ versus /k/ as in 'goat' and 'coat') and whether they process such differences in a less categorical fashion as compared with 23 IQ-matched typically developed adults. Tasks administered were nonverbal IQ, verbal IQ, 5 language measures, a speech perception task, and the ADOS. The speech perception task measured the discrimination of paired exemplars along the /g/-/k/ continuum. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions did not show enhanced discrimination of speech perception. Categorical speech perception was correlated with verbal ability of reading, lexical decision, and verbal IQ in individuals with autism spectrum conditions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3284-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336

Gender differences in parent-reported age at diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorder / Alexandra M. PETROU in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 50 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 50 (June 2018) . - p.32-42 Titre : Gender differences in parent-reported age at diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p.32-42 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  ASD  Girls  Gender  Age at diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are more commonly observed in boys than in girls. There is growing awareness of ASD in girls and recognition that under-diagnosis is common. The current study aimed to investigate any evidence of reduction in the average age at diagnosis for girls by assessing whether: 1) girls’ age at diagnosis has reduced, compared to boys’, across two age cohorts – children born between 1996–1999 and 2002–2005; 2) age at diagnosis differed between boys and girls diagnosed across childhood; 3) any characteristics are associated with earlier age at diagnosis in girls. Methods Data were available from large UK databases of children with ASD: The Database of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Living in the North East (http://daslne.org) and the Autism Spectrum Database–UK (www.asd-uk.com). Results There was no differential reduction of parent-reported age at diagnosis for girls over time. For children receiving their diagnosis at age ≥60 months, boys received diagnoses an average of one year earlier than did girls (98.2 months, SD = 31.6 vs. 109.1 months, SD = 36.4). For boys and girls, earlier diagnosis was associated with toileting problems and temper problems. Having additional diagnoses (e.g., dyslexia, dyspraxia, and epilepsy) was associated with later diagnosis. Conclusions Age at diagnosis has not decreased over time. Girls with ASD are diagnosed later than boys when aged 5 years or older. Health and education professionals would benefit from better understanding factors such as toileting problems, temper problems, and additional diagnoses that could potentially guide early identification of ASD in clinical practice for school-age girls. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.02.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=356 [article] Gender differences in parent-reported age at diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur . - 2018 . - p.32-42. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 50 (June 2018) . - p.32-42 Mots-clés : Autism  ASD  Girls  Gender  Age at diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are more commonly observed in boys than in girls. There is growing awareness of ASD in girls and recognition that under-diagnosis is common. The current study aimed to investigate any evidence of reduction in the average age at diagnosis for girls by assessing whether: 1) girls’ age at diagnosis has reduced, compared to boys’, across two age cohorts – children born between 1996–1999 and 2002–2005; 2) age at diagnosis differed between boys and girls diagnosed across childhood; 3) any characteristics are associated with earlier age at diagnosis in girls. Methods Data were available from large UK databases of children with ASD: The Database of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Living in the North East (http://daslne.org) and the Autism Spectrum Database–UK (www.asd-uk.com). Results There was no differential reduction of parent-reported age at diagnosis for girls over time. For children receiving their diagnosis at age ≥60 months, boys received diagnoses an average of one year earlier than did girls (98.2 months, SD = 31.6 vs. 109.1 months, SD = 36.4). For boys and girls, earlier diagnosis was associated with toileting problems and temper problems. Having additional diagnoses (e.g., dyslexia, dyspraxia, and epilepsy) was associated with later diagnosis. Conclusions Age at diagnosis has not decreased over time. Girls with ASD are diagnosed later than boys when aged 5 years or older. Health and education professionals would benefit from better understanding factors such as toileting problems, temper problems, and additional diagnoses that could potentially guide early identification of ASD in clinical practice for school-age girls. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.02.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=356

Predictors of quality of life for autistic adults / David MASON in Autism Research, 11-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-8 (August 2018) . - p.1138-1147 Titre : Predictors of quality of life for autistic adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David MASON, Auteur ; H. MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Deborah GARLAND, Auteur ; Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; Jacqui RODGERS, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1138-1147 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  gender  public mental health  quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research with adults on the autism spectrum is as yet limited in scope and quality. The present study describes quality of life (QoL) of a large sample of autistic adults in the UK and investigates characteristics that may be predictive of QoL. A total of 370 autistic adults from the Adult Autism Spectrum Cohort-UK (ASC-UK) completed the WHOQoL-BREF, and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS, autism symptom severity), along with the ASC-UK registration questionnaire giving information on mental health and their life situation. QoL for autistic adults was lower than for the general population for each WHOQoL domain. Younger participants reported higher QoL than older participants in psychological and environment domains. Males reported higher physical QoL than females, and females reported higher social QoL than males. Significant positive predictors of QoL were: being employed (physical QoL), receiving support (social and environment QoL), and being in a relationship (social QoL). Having a mental health condition and higher SRS total score were negative predictors of QoL across all four domains. Autistic adults require access to effective mental health interventions, and informal and formal support for their social difficulties, to improve their quality of life. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1138-1147. (c) 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: There has been limited research into the lived experience of autistic adults. Using the World Health Organization quality of life measure, we found that autistic people (370) in the UK reported their quality of life to be lower than that of the general population. Better quality of life was associated with being in a relationship; those with a mental health condition had poorer quality of life. This research suggests some ways in which autistic people can be helped to improve their quality of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1965 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Predictors of quality of life for autistic adults [texte imprimé] / David MASON, Auteur ; H. MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Deborah GARLAND, Auteur ; Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; Jacqui RODGERS, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur . - p.1138-1147. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-8 (August 2018) . - p.1138-1147 Mots-clés : autism  gender  public mental health  quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research with adults on the autism spectrum is as yet limited in scope and quality. The present study describes quality of life (QoL) of a large sample of autistic adults in the UK and investigates characteristics that may be predictive of QoL. A total of 370 autistic adults from the Adult Autism Spectrum Cohort-UK (ASC-UK) completed the WHOQoL-BREF, and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS, autism symptom severity), along with the ASC-UK registration questionnaire giving information on mental health and their life situation. QoL for autistic adults was lower than for the general population for each WHOQoL domain. Younger participants reported higher QoL than older participants in psychological and environment domains. Males reported higher physical QoL than females, and females reported higher social QoL than males. Significant positive predictors of QoL were: being employed (physical QoL), receiving support (social and environment QoL), and being in a relationship (social QoL). Having a mental health condition and higher SRS total score were negative predictors of QoL across all four domains. Autistic adults require access to effective mental health interventions, and informal and formal support for their social difficulties, to improve their quality of life. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1138-1147. (c) 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: There has been limited research into the lived experience of autistic adults. Using the World Health Organization quality of life measure, we found that autistic people (370) in the UK reported their quality of life to be lower than that of the general population. Better quality of life was associated with being in a relationship; those with a mental health condition had poorer quality of life. This research suggests some ways in which autistic people can be helped to improve their quality of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1965 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

The impact on the family of the co‐existing conditions of children with autism spectrum disorder / Alexandra M. PETROU in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.776-787 Titre : The impact on the family of the co‐existing conditions of children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; Abigail SOUL, Auteur ; Beena KOSHY, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.776-787 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : impact on the family  co?existing conditions  sleep  autism  ASD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to investigate whether the impact on families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with the number and/or type of emotional and behavioral co?existing conditions that parents/carers of children with ASD reported as occurring frequently. In addition, we examined whether there was a greater impact on families if their child was male, had lower levels of language, had more severe autism symptomatology, and whether impact was associated with the number and/or type of co?existing conditions. Families were recruited from large UK research databases. 420 parents/carers of children aged 3 years 2 months to 18 years 8 months completed the revised Impact on Family (IoF) Scale and reported on the frequency/rate of their child's co?existing conditions. Parents/carers reported higher mean IoF scores if their child: had a greater number of frequent co?existing conditions; had sleep problems; was only able to communicate physically; and had more severe autism symptomatology. The development and implementation of targeted treatment and management approaches are needed to reduce the impact of co?existing conditions on family life. Autism Res 2018, 11: 776 787. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is commonly associated with emotional and/or behavior conditions that affect family life. Parents/carers of children with ASD who: (a) reported a greater number of frequent co?existing conditions, (b) had sleep problems, (c) were only able to communicate physically, and (d) had more severe symptoms characteristic of autism, reported a greater burden/strain on the family. Treatment approaches to target co?existing conditions alongside characteristics of ASD are needed to reduce their impact on family life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1932 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] The impact on the family of the co‐existing conditions of children with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; Abigail SOUL, Auteur ; Beena KOSHY, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur . - p.776-787. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.776-787 Mots-clés : impact on the family  co?existing conditions  sleep  autism  ASD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to investigate whether the impact on families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with the number and/or type of emotional and behavioral co?existing conditions that parents/carers of children with ASD reported as occurring frequently. In addition, we examined whether there was a greater impact on families if their child was male, had lower levels of language, had more severe autism symptomatology, and whether impact was associated with the number and/or type of co?existing conditions. Families were recruited from large UK research databases. 420 parents/carers of children aged 3 years 2 months to 18 years 8 months completed the revised Impact on Family (IoF) Scale and reported on the frequency/rate of their child's co?existing conditions. Parents/carers reported higher mean IoF scores if their child: had a greater number of frequent co?existing conditions; had sleep problems; was only able to communicate physically; and had more severe autism symptomatology. The development and implementation of targeted treatment and management approaches are needed to reduce the impact of co?existing conditions on family life. Autism Res 2018, 11: 776 787. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is commonly associated with emotional and/or behavior conditions that affect family life. Parents/carers of children with ASD who: (a) reported a greater number of frequent co?existing conditions, (b) had sleep problems, (c) were only able to communicate physically, and (d) had more severe symptoms characteristic of autism, reported a greater burden/strain on the family. Treatment approaches to target co?existing conditions alongside characteristics of ASD are needed to reduce their impact on family life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1932 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

A trial of an iPad™ intervention targeting social communication skills in children with autism / Sue FLETCHER-WATSON in Autism, 20-7 (October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 20-7 (October 2016) . - p.771-782 Titre : A trial of an iPad™ intervention targeting social communication skills in children with autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; Juliet SCOTT-BARRETT, Auteur ; Pamela DICKS, Auteur ; Catherine GRAHAM, Auteur ; Anne O'HARE, Auteur ; Helen PAIN, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.771-782 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  intervention  randomised controlled trial  social communication  technology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study evaluated a technology-based early intervention for social communication skills in pre-schoolers in a randomised controlled trial. Participants were 54 children aged under 6 years with a diagnosis of autism, assigned to either intervention or control conditions. The app engaged children, who played consistently, regardless of developmental level, and was rated highly by parents. There were no significant group differences in parent-report measures post-intervention, nor in a measure of parent–child play at follow-up. Therefore, this intervention did not have an observable impact on real-world social communication skills and caution is recommended about the potential usefulness of iPad™ apps for amelioration of difficulties in interaction. However, positive attitudes among participants, lack of harms and the potential of apps to deliver therapeutic content at low economic cost suggest this approach is worth pursuing further, perhaps targeting other skill domains. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315605624 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=293 [article] A trial of an iPad™ intervention targeting social communication skills in children with autism [texte imprimé] / Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Alexandra M. PETROU, Auteur ; Juliet SCOTT-BARRETT, Auteur ; Pamela DICKS, Auteur ; Catherine GRAHAM, Auteur ; Anne O'HARE, Auteur ; Helen PAIN, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur . - p.771-782. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 20-7 (October 2016) . - p.771-782 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  intervention  randomised controlled trial  social communication  technology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study evaluated a technology-based early intervention for social communication skills in pre-schoolers in a randomised controlled trial. Participants were 54 children aged under 6 years with a diagnosis of autism, assigned to either intervention or control conditions. The app engaged children, who played consistently, regardless of developmental level, and was rated highly by parents. There were no significant group differences in parent-report measures post-intervention, nor in a measure of parent–child play at follow-up. Therefore, this intervention did not have an observable impact on real-world social communication skills and caution is recommended about the potential usefulness of iPad™ apps for amelioration of difficulties in interaction. However, positive attitudes among participants, lack of harms and the potential of apps to deliver therapeutic content at low economic cost suggest this approach is worth pursuing further, perhaps targeting other skill domains. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315605624 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=293

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