2D:4D Ratio in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Twin Study / Lynnea MYERS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-9 (September 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-9 (September 2018) . - p.3244-3252 Titre : 2D:4D Ratio in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Twin Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lynnea MYERS, Auteur ; Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Kristiina TAMMIMIES, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3244-3252 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : 2D:4D ratio  Adhd  Autism  Hormones  Neurodevelopmental disorders  Sex  Twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The second to fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio is of interest in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies on the relationship of this ratio with other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are lacking. Investigating the association between the ratio and NDDs in twins can provide insight into genetic and/or environmental factors driving the ratio. Hand images were collected in N = 238 twins with NDDs or typical development from 70 monozygotic and 49 dizygotic pairs to examine ratios and their associations to DSM-5 defined categorical NDDs, autistic traits, zygosity, and sex. There were small associations for males between the ratios and any NDD and ADHD diagnoses. Males had lower ratios than females. Future studies exploring the ratio alongside physical anomalies could provide etiological insight into NDDs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3588-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] 2D:4D Ratio in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Twin Study [texte imprimé] / Lynnea MYERS, Auteur ; Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Kristiina TAMMIMIES, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur . - p.3244-3252. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-9 (September 2018) . - p.3244-3252 Mots-clés : 2D:4D ratio  Adhd  Autism  Hormones  Neurodevelopmental disorders  Sex  Twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The second to fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio is of interest in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies on the relationship of this ratio with other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are lacking. Investigating the association between the ratio and NDDs in twins can provide insight into genetic and/or environmental factors driving the ratio. Hand images were collected in N = 238 twins with NDDs or typical development from 70 monozygotic and 49 dizygotic pairs to examine ratios and their associations to DSM-5 defined categorical NDDs, autistic traits, zygosity, and sex. There were small associations for males between the ratios and any NDD and ADHD diagnoses. Males had lower ratios than females. Future studies exploring the ratio alongside physical anomalies could provide etiological insight into NDDs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3588-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

Global and local visual processing in autism - a co-twin-control study / Janina NEUFELD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-4 (April 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-4 (April 2020) . - p.470-479 Titre : Global and local visual processing in autism - a co-twin-control study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Janina NEUFELD, Auteur ; A. HAGSTROM, Auteur ; Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE, Auteur ; Karl LUNDIN, Auteur ; Elodie CAUVET, Auteur ; Charlotte WILLFORS, Auteur ; Johan ISAKSSON, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.470-479 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  central coherence  co-twin-control design  detail focus  global/local visual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with altered global and local visual processing. However, the nature of these alterations remains controversial, with contradictory findings and notions ranging from a reduced drive to integrate information into a coherent 'gestalt' ("weak central coherence" = WCC) to an enhanced perceptual functioning (EPF) in local processing. METHODS: This study assessed the association between autism and global/local visual processing, using a large sample of monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins (N = 290, 48% females, age = 8-31 years). The Fragmented Pictures Test (FPT) assessed global processing, whereas local processing was estimated with the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) and the Block Design Test (BDT). Autism was assessed both categorically (clinical diagnosis), and dimensionally (autistic traits). Associations between visual tasks and autism were estimated both across the cohort and within-twin pairs where all factors shared between twins are implicitly controlled. RESULTS: Clinical diagnosis and autistic traits predicted a need for more visual information for gestalt processing in the FPT across the cohort. For clinical diagnosis, this association remained within-pairs and at trend-level even within MZ twin pairs alone. ASD and higher autistic traits predicted lower EFT and BDT performance across the cohort, but these associations were lost within-pairs. CONCLUSIONS: In line with the WCC account, our findings indicate an association between autism and reduced global visual processing in children, adolescents and young adults (but no evidence for EPF). Observing a similar association within MZ twins suggests a non-shared environmental contribution. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13120 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421 [article] Global and local visual processing in autism - a co-twin-control study [texte imprimé] / Janina NEUFELD, Auteur ; A. HAGSTROM, Auteur ; Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE, Auteur ; Karl LUNDIN, Auteur ; Elodie CAUVET, Auteur ; Charlotte WILLFORS, Auteur ; Johan ISAKSSON, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur . - p.470-479. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-4 (April 2020) . - p.470-479 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  central coherence  co-twin-control design  detail focus  global/local visual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with altered global and local visual processing. However, the nature of these alterations remains controversial, with contradictory findings and notions ranging from a reduced drive to integrate information into a coherent 'gestalt' ("weak central coherence" = WCC) to an enhanced perceptual functioning (EPF) in local processing. METHODS: This study assessed the association between autism and global/local visual processing, using a large sample of monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins (N = 290, 48% females, age = 8-31 years). The Fragmented Pictures Test (FPT) assessed global processing, whereas local processing was estimated with the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) and the Block Design Test (BDT). Autism was assessed both categorically (clinical diagnosis), and dimensionally (autistic traits). Associations between visual tasks and autism were estimated both across the cohort and within-twin pairs where all factors shared between twins are implicitly controlled. RESULTS: Clinical diagnosis and autistic traits predicted a need for more visual information for gestalt processing in the FPT across the cohort. For clinical diagnosis, this association remained within-pairs and at trend-level even within MZ twin pairs alone. ASD and higher autistic traits predicted lower EFT and BDT performance across the cohort, but these associations were lost within-pairs. CONCLUSIONS: In line with the WCC account, our findings indicate an association between autism and reduced global visual processing in children, adolescents and young adults (but no evidence for EPF). Observing a similar association within MZ twins suggests a non-shared environmental contribution. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13120 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421

Sex differences in brain structure: a twin study on restricted and repetitive behaviors in twin pairs with and without autism / Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 1 p. Titre : Sex differences in brain structure: a twin study on restricted and repetitive behaviors in twin pairs with and without autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE, Auteur ; Elodie CAUVET, Auteur ; Roberto TORO, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Janina NEUFELD, Auteur ; Katell MEVEL, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 1 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Neuroanatomy  Repetitive behaviors  Sex differences  Twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Females with autism spectrum disorder have been reported to exhibit fewer and less severe restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests compared to males. This difference might indicate sex-specific alterations of brain networks involved in autism symptom domains, especially within cortico-striatal and sensory integration networks. This study used a well-controlled twin design to examine sex differences in brain anatomy in relation to repetitive behaviors. Methods: In 75 twin pairs (n = 150, 62 females, 88 males) enriched for autism spectrum disorder (n = 32), and other neurodevelopmental disorders (n = 32), we explored the association of restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests-operationalized by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (C domain) and the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior subscale)-with cortical volume, surface area and thickness of neocortical, sub-cortical, and cerebellar networks. Results: Co-twin control analyses revealed within-pair associations between RRBI symptoms and increased thickness of the right intraparietal sulcus and reduced volume of the right orbital gyrus in females only, even though the mean number of RRBIs did not differ between the sexes. In a sub-sample of ASD-discordant pairs, increased thickness in association with RRBIs was found exclusively in females in the orbitofrontal regions, superior frontal gyrus, and intraparietal sulcus, while in males RRBIs tended to be associated with increased volume of the bilateral pallidum. Limitations: However, due to a small sample size and the small difference in RRBI symptoms within pairs, the results of this exploratory study need to be interpreted with caution. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that structural alterations of fronto-parietal networks in association with RRBIs are found mostly in females, while striatal networks are more affected in males. These results endorse the importance of investigating sex differences in the neurobiology of autism symptoms, and indicate different etiological pathways underlying restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests in females and males. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0309-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414 [article] Sex differences in brain structure: a twin study on restricted and repetitive behaviors in twin pairs with and without autism [texte imprimé] / Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE, Auteur ; Elodie CAUVET, Auteur ; Roberto TORO, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Janina NEUFELD, Auteur ; Katell MEVEL, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur . - 1 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 1 p. Mots-clés : Autism  Neuroanatomy  Repetitive behaviors  Sex differences  Twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Females with autism spectrum disorder have been reported to exhibit fewer and less severe restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests compared to males. This difference might indicate sex-specific alterations of brain networks involved in autism symptom domains, especially within cortico-striatal and sensory integration networks. This study used a well-controlled twin design to examine sex differences in brain anatomy in relation to repetitive behaviors. Methods: In 75 twin pairs (n = 150, 62 females, 88 males) enriched for autism spectrum disorder (n = 32), and other neurodevelopmental disorders (n = 32), we explored the association of restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests-operationalized by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (C domain) and the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior subscale)-with cortical volume, surface area and thickness of neocortical, sub-cortical, and cerebellar networks. Results: Co-twin control analyses revealed within-pair associations between RRBI symptoms and increased thickness of the right intraparietal sulcus and reduced volume of the right orbital gyrus in females only, even though the mean number of RRBIs did not differ between the sexes. In a sub-sample of ASD-discordant pairs, increased thickness in association with RRBIs was found exclusively in females in the orbitofrontal regions, superior frontal gyrus, and intraparietal sulcus, while in males RRBIs tended to be associated with increased volume of the bilateral pallidum. Limitations: However, due to a small sample size and the small difference in RRBI symptoms within pairs, the results of this exploratory study need to be interpreted with caution. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that structural alterations of fronto-parietal networks in association with RRBIs are found mostly in females, while striatal networks are more affected in males. These results endorse the importance of investigating sex differences in the neurobiology of autism symptoms, and indicate different etiological pathways underlying restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests in females and males. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0309-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414

Social Cognition in Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Co-twin Control Study / Johan ISAKSSON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-7 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-7 (July 2019) . - p.2838-2848 Titre : Social Cognition in Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Co-twin Control Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Johan ISAKSSON, Auteur ; Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE, Auteur ; Elodie CAUVET, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Karl LUNDIN, Auteur ; Janina NEUFELD, Auteur ; Charlotte WILLFORS, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2838-2848 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  Autism spectrum disorder  Movie for the assessment of social cognition  Ratss  Twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Alterations in social cognition (SC) are hypothesized to underlie social communication and interaction challenges in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aetiological underpinnings driving this association remain unclear. We examined SC in 196 twins with ASD, other neurodevelopmental disorders or typical development using the naturalistic Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition. Autism and its severity were assessed with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2, and autistic traits with the Social Responsiveness Scale-2. Using within twin-pair regression models, controlling for age, sex, IQ, and unmeasured familial confounders such as genetic background and shared-environment, SC correlated with ASD diagnosis, autism severity, and autistic traits. Our findings highlight the importance of SC alterations in autism and suggest a non-shared environmental impact on the association. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04001-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=402 [article] Social Cognition in Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Co-twin Control Study [texte imprimé] / Johan ISAKSSON, Auteur ; Annelies VAN'T WESTEINDE, Auteur ; Elodie CAUVET, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Karl LUNDIN, Auteur ; Janina NEUFELD, Auteur ; Charlotte WILLFORS, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur . - p.2838-2848. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-7 (July 2019) . - p.2838-2848 Mots-clés : Adhd  Autism spectrum disorder  Movie for the assessment of social cognition  Ratss  Twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Alterations in social cognition (SC) are hypothesized to underlie social communication and interaction challenges in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aetiological underpinnings driving this association remain unclear. We examined SC in 196 twins with ASD, other neurodevelopmental disorders or typical development using the naturalistic Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition. Autism and its severity were assessed with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2, and autistic traits with the Social Responsiveness Scale-2. Using within twin-pair regression models, controlling for age, sex, IQ, and unmeasured familial confounders such as genetic background and shared-environment, SC correlated with ASD diagnosis, autism severity, and autistic traits. Our findings highlight the importance of SC alterations in autism and suggest a non-shared environmental impact on the association. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04001-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=402

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