Evaluating chronic emotional dysregulation and irritability in relation to ADHD and depression genetic risk in children with ADHD / Joel T. NIGG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-2 (February 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-2 (February 2020) . - p.205-214 Titre : Evaluating chronic emotional dysregulation and irritability in relation to ADHD and depression genetic risk in children with ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joel T. NIGG, Auteur ; Sarah L. KARALUNAS, Auteur ; Hanna C. GUSTAFSSON, Auteur ; Priya BHATT, Auteur ; Peter RYABININ, Auteur ; Michael A. MOONEY, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Damien A. FAIR, Auteur ; Beth WILMOT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.205-214 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  irritability  polygenic score  temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A central nosological problem concerns the etiological relationship of emotional dysregulation with ADHD. Molecular genetic risk scores provide a novel method for informing this question. METHODS: Participants were 514 community-recruited children of Northern European descent age 7-11 defined as ADHD or non-ADHD by detailed research evaluation. Parents-rated ADHD on standardized ratings and child temperament on the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (TMCQ) and reported on ADHD and comorbid disorders by semi-structured clinical interview. Categorical and dimensional variables were created for ADHD, emotional dysregulation (implicating disruption of regulation of both anger-irritability and of positive valence surgency-sensation seeking), and irritability alone (anger dysregulation). Genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRS) were computed for ADHD and depression genetic liability. Structural equation models and computationally derived emotion profiles guided analysis. RESULTS: The ADHD PRS was associated in variable-centered analyses with irritability (beta = .179, 95% CI = 0.087-0.280; DeltaR(2) = .034, p < .0002), but also with surgency/sensation seeking (B = .146, 95%CI = 0.052-0.240, DeltaR(2) =.022, p = .002). In person-centered analysis, the ADHD PRS was elevated in the emotion dysregulation ADHD group versus other ADHD children (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.03-2.20, Nagelkerke DeltaR(2) = .013, p = .033) but did not differentiate irritable from surgent ADHD profiles. All effects were independent of variation in ADHD severity across traits or groups. The depression PRS was related to oppositional defiant disorder but not to ADHD emotion dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS: Irritability-anger and surgency-sensation seeking, as forms of negative and positively valenced dysregulated affect in ADHD populations, both relate principally to ADHD genetic risk and not mood-related genetic risk. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13132 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Evaluating chronic emotional dysregulation and irritability in relation to ADHD and depression genetic risk in children with ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joel T. NIGG, Auteur ; Sarah L. KARALUNAS, Auteur ; Hanna C. GUSTAFSSON, Auteur ; Priya BHATT, Auteur ; Peter RYABININ, Auteur ; Michael A. MOONEY, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Damien A. FAIR, Auteur ; Beth WILMOT, Auteur . - p.205-214. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-2 (February 2020) . - p.205-214 Mots-clés : Adhd  irritability  polygenic score  temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A central nosological problem concerns the etiological relationship of emotional dysregulation with ADHD. Molecular genetic risk scores provide a novel method for informing this question. METHODS: Participants were 514 community-recruited children of Northern European descent age 7-11 defined as ADHD or non-ADHD by detailed research evaluation. Parents-rated ADHD on standardized ratings and child temperament on the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (TMCQ) and reported on ADHD and comorbid disorders by semi-structured clinical interview. Categorical and dimensional variables were created for ADHD, emotional dysregulation (implicating disruption of regulation of both anger-irritability and of positive valence surgency-sensation seeking), and irritability alone (anger dysregulation). Genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRS) were computed for ADHD and depression genetic liability. Structural equation models and computationally derived emotion profiles guided analysis. RESULTS: The ADHD PRS was associated in variable-centered analyses with irritability (beta = .179, 95% CI = 0.087-0.280; DeltaR(2) = .034, p < .0002), but also with surgency/sensation seeking (B = .146, 95%CI = 0.052-0.240, DeltaR(2) =.022, p = .002). In person-centered analysis, the ADHD PRS was elevated in the emotion dysregulation ADHD group versus other ADHD children (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.03-2.20, Nagelkerke DeltaR(2) = .013, p = .033) but did not differentiate irritable from surgent ADHD profiles. All effects were independent of variation in ADHD severity across traits or groups. The depression PRS was related to oppositional defiant disorder but not to ADHD emotion dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS: Irritability-anger and surgency-sensation seeking, as forms of negative and positively valenced dysregulated affect in ADHD populations, both relate principally to ADHD genetic risk and not mood-related genetic risk. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13132 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Machine-Learning prediction of comorbid substance use disorders in ADHD youth using Swedish registry data / Yanli ZHANG-JAMES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-12 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-12 (December 2020) . - p.1370-1379 Titre : Machine-Learning prediction of comorbid substance use disorders in ADHD youth using Swedish registry data Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yanli ZHANG-JAMES, Auteur ; Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1370-1379 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Machine learning  attention-deficit hyperactive disorder  comorbidity  risk factor  substance use disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a high risk for substance use disorders (SUDs). Early identification of at-risk youth would help allocate scarce resources for prevention programs. METHODS: Psychiatric and somatic diagnoses, family history of these disorders, measures of socioeconomic distress, and information about birth complications were obtained from the national registers in Sweden for 19,787 children with ADHD born between 1989 and 1993. We trained (a) a cross-sectional random forest (RF) model using data available by age 17 to predict SUD diagnosis between ages 18 and 19; and (b) a longitudinal recurrent neural network (RNN) model with the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architecture to predict new diagnoses at each age. RESULTS: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.73(95%CI 0.70-0.76) for the random forest model (RF). Removing prior diagnosis from the predictors, the RF model was still able to achieve significant AUCs when predicting all SUD diagnoses (0.69, 95%CI 0.66-0.72) or new diagnoses (0.67, 95%CI: 0.64, 0.71) during age 18-19. For the model predicting new diagnoses, model calibration was good with a low Brier score of 0.086. Longitudinal LSTM model was able to predict later SUD risks at as early as 2 years age, 10 years before the earliest diagnosis. The average AUC from longitudinal models predicting new diagnoses 1, 2, 5 and 10 years in the future was 0.63. CONCLUSIONS: Population registry data can be used to predict at-risk comorbid SUDs in individuals with ADHD. Such predictions can be made many years prior to age of the onset, and their SUD risks can be monitored using longitudinal models over years during child development. Nevertheless, more work is needed to create prediction models based on electronic health records or linked population registers that are sufficiently accurate for use in the clinic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13226 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434 [article] Machine-Learning prediction of comorbid substance use disorders in ADHD youth using Swedish registry data [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yanli ZHANG-JAMES, Auteur ; Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur . - p.1370-1379. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-12 (December 2020) . - p.1370-1379 Mots-clés : Machine learning  attention-deficit hyperactive disorder  comorbidity  risk factor  substance use disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a high risk for substance use disorders (SUDs). Early identification of at-risk youth would help allocate scarce resources for prevention programs. METHODS: Psychiatric and somatic diagnoses, family history of these disorders, measures of socioeconomic distress, and information about birth complications were obtained from the national registers in Sweden for 19,787 children with ADHD born between 1989 and 1993. We trained (a) a cross-sectional random forest (RF) model using data available by age 17 to predict SUD diagnosis between ages 18 and 19; and (b) a longitudinal recurrent neural network (RNN) model with the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architecture to predict new diagnoses at each age. RESULTS: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.73(95%CI 0.70-0.76) for the random forest model (RF). Removing prior diagnosis from the predictors, the RF model was still able to achieve significant AUCs when predicting all SUD diagnoses (0.69, 95%CI 0.66-0.72) or new diagnoses (0.67, 95%CI: 0.64, 0.71) during age 18-19. For the model predicting new diagnoses, model calibration was good with a low Brier score of 0.086. Longitudinal LSTM model was able to predict later SUD risks at as early as 2 years age, 10 years before the earliest diagnosis. The average AUC from longitudinal models predicting new diagnoses 1, 2, 5 and 10 years in the future was 0.63. CONCLUSIONS: Population registry data can be used to predict at-risk comorbid SUDs in individuals with ADHD. Such predictions can be made many years prior to age of the onset, and their SUD risks can be monitored using longitudinal models over years during child development. Nevertheless, more work is needed to create prediction models based on electronic health records or linked population registers that are sufficiently accurate for use in the clinic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13226 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434

Neurocognitive markers of late-onset ADHD: a 6-year longitudinal study / Shahrzad ILBEGI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-2 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-2 (February 2021) . - p.244-252 Titre : Neurocognitive markers of late-onset ADHD: a 6-year longitudinal study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shahrzad ILBEGI, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Marjolein LUMAN, Auteur ; Marloes VAN LIESHOUT, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p.244-252 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Late-onset ADHD  neurocognitive markers  unaffected siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: There is an increased interest in 'late-onset' attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), referring to the onset of clinically significant ADHD symptoms after the age of 12 years. This study aimed to examine whether unaffected siblings with late-onset ADHD could be differentiated from stable unaffected siblings by their neurocognitive functioning in childhood. METHODS: We report findings from a 6-year prospective, longitudinal study of the Dutch part of the International Multicenter ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study, including individuals with childhood-onset (persistent) ADHD (n = 193), their siblings with late-onset ADHD (n = 34), their stable unaffected siblings (n = 111) and healthy controls (n = 186). At study entry (mean age: 11.3) and follow-up (mean age: 17.01), participants were assessed for ADHD by structured psychiatric interviews and multi-informant questionnaires. Several neurocognitive functions were assessed at baseline and after 6 years, including time reproduction, timing variability (reaction time variability and time production variability), reaction time speed, motor control and working memory; intelligence was taken as a measure of overall neurocognitive functioning. RESULTS: Siblings with late-onset ADHD were similar to individuals with childhood-onset ADHD in showing longer reaction times and/or higher error rates on all neurocognitive measures at baseline and follow-up, when compared to healthy controls. They differed from stable unaffected siblings (who were similar to healthy controls) by greater reaction time variability and timing production variability at baseline. No significant group by time interaction was found for any of the tasks. CONCLUSIONS: For unaffected siblings of individuals with ADHD, reaction time variability and timing production variability may serve as neurocognitive marker for late-onset ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13272 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=440 [article] Neurocognitive markers of late-onset ADHD: a 6-year longitudinal study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shahrzad ILBEGI, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Marjolein LUMAN, Auteur ; Marloes VAN LIESHOUT, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur . - 2021 . - p.244-252. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-2 (February 2021) . - p.244-252 Mots-clés : Late-onset ADHD  neurocognitive markers  unaffected siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: There is an increased interest in 'late-onset' attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), referring to the onset of clinically significant ADHD symptoms after the age of 12 years. This study aimed to examine whether unaffected siblings with late-onset ADHD could be differentiated from stable unaffected siblings by their neurocognitive functioning in childhood. METHODS: We report findings from a 6-year prospective, longitudinal study of the Dutch part of the International Multicenter ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study, including individuals with childhood-onset (persistent) ADHD (n = 193), their siblings with late-onset ADHD (n = 34), their stable unaffected siblings (n = 111) and healthy controls (n = 186). At study entry (mean age: 11.3) and follow-up (mean age: 17.01), participants were assessed for ADHD by structured psychiatric interviews and multi-informant questionnaires. Several neurocognitive functions were assessed at baseline and after 6 years, including time reproduction, timing variability (reaction time variability and time production variability), reaction time speed, motor control and working memory; intelligence was taken as a measure of overall neurocognitive functioning. RESULTS: Siblings with late-onset ADHD were similar to individuals with childhood-onset ADHD in showing longer reaction times and/or higher error rates on all neurocognitive measures at baseline and follow-up, when compared to healthy controls. They differed from stable unaffected siblings (who were similar to healthy controls) by greater reaction time variability and timing production variability at baseline. No significant group by time interaction was found for any of the tasks. CONCLUSIONS: For unaffected siblings of individuals with ADHD, reaction time variability and timing production variability may serve as neurocognitive marker for late-onset ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13272 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=440

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