Brief Report: Descriptive Analysis of Law Enforcement Officers' Experiences with and Knowledge of Autism / Lauren GARDNER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-3 (March 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.1278-1283 Titre : Brief Report: Descriptive Analysis of Law Enforcement Officers' Experiences with and Knowledge of Autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lauren GARDNER, Auteur ; Jonathan M. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; June WESTDAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1278-1283 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Experiences  Knowledge  Law enforcement  Training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may interact with law enforcement officers (LEOs) as victims of crime, witnesses to crime, or suspects of crime. Interactions between LEOs and those with ASD may go awry which raises questions about levels of training, experiences, and knowledge acquired by LEOs. Seventy-two LEOs reported on their experiences and training related to ASD and completed a survey of autism knowledge. The majority (72.2%) of LEOs reported no formal training for interacting with individuals with ASD. For LEOs responding to calls involving ASD, officers with prior training reported better preparation. Officers' responses to the knowledge survey varied considerably. Results support the need for formalized training in ASD for LEOs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3794-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386 [article] Brief Report: Descriptive Analysis of Law Enforcement Officers' Experiences with and Knowledge of Autism [texte imprimé] / Lauren GARDNER, Auteur ; Jonathan M. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; June WESTDAL, Auteur . - p.1278-1283. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.1278-1283 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Experiences  Knowledge  Law enforcement  Training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may interact with law enforcement officers (LEOs) as victims of crime, witnesses to crime, or suspects of crime. Interactions between LEOs and those with ASD may go awry which raises questions about levels of training, experiences, and knowledge acquired by LEOs. Seventy-two LEOs reported on their experiences and training related to ASD and completed a survey of autism knowledge. The majority (72.2%) of LEOs reported no formal training for interacting with individuals with ASD. For LEOs responding to calls involving ASD, officers with prior training reported better preparation. Officers' responses to the knowledge survey varied considerably. Results support the need for formalized training in ASD for LEOs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3794-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386

Challenging Behavior and Parental Depression: The Effects of Everyday Stressors and Benefit Finding for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Sarah Rose VITALE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-9 (September 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-9 (September 2023) . - p.3356-3368 Titre : Challenging Behavior and Parental Depression: The Effects of Everyday Stressors and Benefit Finding for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sarah Rose VITALE, Auteur ; Hoa SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Lauren GARDNER, Auteur ; Michael ALESSANDRI, Auteur ; Craig MARKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3356-3368 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder present with challenging behaviors that can impact caregivers by increasing parental perceived stress and risk for depression. However, positive coping strategies have also been identified as protective factors for parents of children with ASD. The present study examined parental perceived daily stressors and positive coping strategies (i.e., benefit finding) as mediators to depression for parents of children with ASD. A latent profile analysis identified three classes of behavior severity for children with ASD. Across all classes, higher levels of perceived daily stressors predicted increased parental depression, while benefit finding predicted lower parental depression. Results support interventions that increase positive coping strategies to decrease levels of depression in parents of children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05627-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=511 [article] Challenging Behavior and Parental Depression: The Effects of Everyday Stressors and Benefit Finding for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Sarah Rose VITALE, Auteur ; Hoa SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Lauren GARDNER, Auteur ; Michael ALESSANDRI, Auteur ; Craig MARKER, Auteur . - p.3356-3368. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-9 (September 2023) . - p.3356-3368 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder present with challenging behaviors that can impact caregivers by increasing parental perceived stress and risk for depression. However, positive coping strategies have also been identified as protective factors for parents of children with ASD. The present study examined parental perceived daily stressors and positive coping strategies (i.e., benefit finding) as mediators to depression for parents of children with ASD. A latent profile analysis identified three classes of behavior severity for children with ASD. Across all classes, higher levels of perceived daily stressors predicted increased parental depression, while benefit finding predicted lower parental depression. Results support interventions that increase positive coping strategies to decrease levels of depression in parents of children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05627-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=511

Correlates of DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder Levels of Support Ratings in a Clinical Sample / Lauren GARDNER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-10 (October 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-10 (October 2018) . - p.3513-3523 Titre : Correlates of DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder Levels of Support Ratings in a Clinical Sample Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lauren GARDNER, Auteur ; Jonathan M. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Bruce KEISLING, Auteur ; Laura MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3513-3523 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Dsm-5  Diagnosis  Levels of support  Severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The DSM-5 features level of support ratings for social communication (SC) and restrictive and repetitive behaviors (RRB) for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We contrasted cognitive, adaptive, and autism severity scores across SC and RRB groups for 158 individuals with ASD diagnosed in a developmental disabilities clinic. Roughly 46% of individuals were identified by licensed psychologists' clinical judgement as needing Level 2 SC support and 49% were identified as needing Level 2 RRB support. No individuals were rated as needing a combination of Level 1/Level 3 supports across domains. MANOVA and direct discriminant analysis revealed that both SC and RRB groups showed a graded pattern of higher adaptation/lower autism severity to lower adaptation/higher autism severity from Level 1 to Level 3. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3620-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Correlates of DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder Levels of Support Ratings in a Clinical Sample [texte imprimé] / Lauren GARDNER, Auteur ; Jonathan M. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Bruce KEISLING, Auteur ; Laura MURPHY, Auteur . - p.3513-3523. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-10 (October 2018) . - p.3513-3523 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Dsm-5  Diagnosis  Levels of support  Severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The DSM-5 features level of support ratings for social communication (SC) and restrictive and repetitive behaviors (RRB) for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We contrasted cognitive, adaptive, and autism severity scores across SC and RRB groups for 158 individuals with ASD diagnosed in a developmental disabilities clinic. Roughly 46% of individuals were identified by licensed psychologists' clinical judgement as needing Level 2 SC support and 49% were identified as needing Level 2 RRB support. No individuals were rated as needing a combination of Level 1/Level 3 supports across domains. MANOVA and direct discriminant analysis revealed that both SC and RRB groups showed a graded pattern of higher adaptation/lower autism severity to lower adaptation/higher autism severity from Level 1 to Level 3. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3620-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

Evaluating the factor structure of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2 – Standard Version: Evidence for a three-factor model / Jonathan M. CAMPBELL in Research in Autism, 133 (May 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism > 133 (May 2026) . - p.202908 Titre : Evaluating the factor structure of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2 – Standard Version: Evidence for a three-factor model Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jonathan M. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Paulina FEGHALI, Auteur ; Lindsey POWELL, Auteur ; Callie GILCHREST, Auteur ; Alleyne BROOMELL, Auteur ; Lauren GARDNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.202908 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  CARS2-ST  Factor analysis  Diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Purpose The Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Second Edition – Standard Version (CARS2-ST; Schopler et al., 2010) is commonly used for autism diagnostic decision making. Factor analytic investigations of the CARS2-ST, and the CARS, have produced various solutions, ranging from a single factor to five factors. We aimed to summarize factor analyses from published articles to develop and evaluate a consensus-based model. Methods We identified 13 published articles examining the factor structure of the CARS and CARS2-ST. The primary author grouped 38 factors from the 13 articles into three categories (Social Communication, 8 items; Restrictive/Repetitive Behavior/Sensory, 3 items; Emotion and Behavioral Dysregulation, 4 items) and subjected grouping decisions to inter-rater reliability analysis. The proposed model was tested via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with 302 children referred to a tertiary autism assessment clinic that included the CARS2-ST as part of the evaluation. The proposed model was evaluated against several other models using Δχ2 tests. Results Coding decisions were reliable across three raters (κ range.69–.80). The proposed model demonstrated good fit (e.g., Comparative Fit Index =.93; Root Mean-Square Error of Approximation =.06) and better fit the data than three other models, all Δχ2, p < .01. Conclusions A three-factor model consisting of Social Communication, Restrictive/Repetitive Behavior/Sensory, and Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation domains fit CARS2-ST items well. The model fit CARS2-ST items better than four other models, including the two-factor model presented in the CARS2-ST manual. Implications for CARS2-ST interpretation and directions for future research are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.202908 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=585 [article] Evaluating the factor structure of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2 – Standard Version: Evidence for a three-factor model [texte imprimé] / Jonathan M. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Paulina FEGHALI, Auteur ; Lindsey POWELL, Auteur ; Callie GILCHREST, Auteur ; Alleyne BROOMELL, Auteur ; Lauren GARDNER, Auteur . - p.202908. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism > 133 (May 2026) . - p.202908 Mots-clés : Autism  CARS2-ST  Factor analysis  Diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Purpose The Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Second Edition – Standard Version (CARS2-ST; Schopler et al., 2010) is commonly used for autism diagnostic decision making. Factor analytic investigations of the CARS2-ST, and the CARS, have produced various solutions, ranging from a single factor to five factors. We aimed to summarize factor analyses from published articles to develop and evaluate a consensus-based model. Methods We identified 13 published articles examining the factor structure of the CARS and CARS2-ST. The primary author grouped 38 factors from the 13 articles into three categories (Social Communication, 8 items; Restrictive/Repetitive Behavior/Sensory, 3 items; Emotion and Behavioral Dysregulation, 4 items) and subjected grouping decisions to inter-rater reliability analysis. The proposed model was tested via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with 302 children referred to a tertiary autism assessment clinic that included the CARS2-ST as part of the evaluation. The proposed model was evaluated against several other models using Δχ2 tests. Results Coding decisions were reliable across three raters (κ range.69–.80). The proposed model demonstrated good fit (e.g., Comparative Fit Index =.93; Root Mean-Square Error of Approximation =.06) and better fit the data than three other models, all Δχ2, p < .01. Conclusions A three-factor model consisting of Social Communication, Restrictive/Repetitive Behavior/Sensory, and Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation domains fit CARS2-ST items well. The model fit CARS2-ST items better than four other models, including the two-factor model presented in the CARS2-ST manual. Implications for CARS2-ST interpretation and directions for future research are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.202908 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=585

Intellectual, Adaptive, and Behavioral Functioning Associated with Designated Levels of Support in a Sample of Autistic Children Referred for Tertiary Assessment / Lauren GARDNER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-11 (November)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-11 (November) . - p.4145-4151 Titre : Intellectual, Adaptive, and Behavioral Functioning Associated with Designated Levels of Support in a Sample of Autistic Children Referred for Tertiary Assessment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lauren GARDNER, Auteur ; Callie GILCHREST, Auteur ; Jonathan M. CAMPBELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4145-4151 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder in the DSM-5-TR features the option to designate levels of support for social communication (SC) and restricted, repetitive behaviors (RRB). These levels are conceptual in nature, but research indicates standardized assessment outcomes correspond with clinician-assigned levels of support. The purpose of the present study was to identify factors that influence designated levels of support for SC and RRBs when diagnosing autism. Standardized assessment scores across intellectual functioning, adaptive skills, and ASD symptomology were analyzed to determine corresponding levels of support in SC and RRBs assigned by clinicians for 136 autistic children following a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation. At diagnosis, approximately 46% of participants were described as needing substantial support (Level 2) for SC and 49% were described as needing substantial support (Level 2) for RRB. There was a consistent pattern of higher to lower intellectual and adaptive functioning needing Level 1-Level 3 support. Autism assessment results followed a gradient of fewer to greater autism symptoms from Level 1 to Level 3 support. Findings indicated clinician-assigned levels of support for SC and RRB were associated with intellectual functioning, adaptive functioning, autism symptomology, and age, but not sex. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06141-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=537 [article] Intellectual, Adaptive, and Behavioral Functioning Associated with Designated Levels of Support in a Sample of Autistic Children Referred for Tertiary Assessment [texte imprimé] / Lauren GARDNER, Auteur ; Callie GILCHREST, Auteur ; Jonathan M. CAMPBELL, Auteur . - p.4145-4151. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-11 (November) . - p.4145-4151 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder in the DSM-5-TR features the option to designate levels of support for social communication (SC) and restricted, repetitive behaviors (RRB). These levels are conceptual in nature, but research indicates standardized assessment outcomes correspond with clinician-assigned levels of support. The purpose of the present study was to identify factors that influence designated levels of support for SC and RRBs when diagnosing autism. Standardized assessment scores across intellectual functioning, adaptive skills, and ASD symptomology were analyzed to determine corresponding levels of support in SC and RRBs assigned by clinicians for 136 autistic children following a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation. At diagnosis, approximately 46% of participants were described as needing substantial support (Level 2) for SC and 49% were described as needing substantial support (Level 2) for RRB. There was a consistent pattern of higher to lower intellectual and adaptive functioning needing Level 1-Level 3 support. Autism assessment results followed a gradient of fewer to greater autism symptoms from Level 1 to Level 3 support. Findings indicated clinician-assigned levels of support for SC and RRB were associated with intellectual functioning, adaptive functioning, autism symptomology, and age, but not sex. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06141-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=537

Law Enforcement Officers' Preparation for Calls Involving Autism: Prior Experiences and Response to Training / Lauren GARDNER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-12 (December 2020)  

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Screening accuracy for risk of autism spectrum disorder using the Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA) / Lauren GARDNER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-5 (May 2013)  

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