Diagnostic validity of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, second edition (K-ADOS-2) in the Korean population / So Yoon KIM in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 30 p. Titre : Diagnostic validity of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, second edition (K-ADOS-2) in the Korean population Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Miae OH, Auteur ; Guiyoung BONG, Auteur ; Da-Yea SONG, Auteur ; Nan-He YOON, Auteur ; Joo Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Hee Jeong YOO, Auteur Article en page(s) : 30 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Asian People  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  Child  Female  Humans  Male  ROC Curve  Reproducibility of Results  Ados-2  Autism  Diagnosis  Validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although the Korean version of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (K-ADOS-2) is widely being used to diagnose autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in South Korea, no previous study has examined the validity and reliability of all modules of K-ADOS-2 across a wide age range, particularly older children, adolescents, and adults. METHOD: Data from 2,158 participants were included (mean age=79.7 months; 73.6% male): 1473 participants with ASD and 685 participants without ASD (Toddler Module, n=289; Module 1, n=642; Module 2 n=574; Module 3 n=411; Module 4, n=242). Participants completed a battery of tests, including the K-ADOS or K-ADOS-2 and other existing diagnostic instruments. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), Cohen's kappa (k), and agreement with existing diagnostic instruments were computed. Cronbach's Î+ values were also calculated. RESULTS: All developmental cells of the K-ADOS-2 showed sufficient ranges of sensitivity 85.4-100.0%; specificity, 80.4-96.8%; area under the ROC curve, .90-.97; PPV, 77.8-99.3%; NPV, 80.6-100.0%; and k values, .83-.92. The kappa agreements of developmental cells with existing diagnostic instruments ranged from .20 to .90. Cronbach's Î+ values ranged from .82 to .91 across all developmental cells. LIMITATION: The best-estimate clinical diagnoses made in this study were not independent of the K-ADOS-2 scores. Some modules did not include balanced numbers of participants in terms of gender and diagnostic status. CONCLUSION: The K-ADOS-2 is a valid and reliable instrument in diagnosing ASD in South Korea. Future studies exploring the effectiveness of the K-ADOS-2 in capturing restricted, repetitive behaviors and differentiating ASD from other developmental disabilities are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00506-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Diagnostic validity of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, second edition (K-ADOS-2) in the Korean population [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Miae OH, Auteur ; Guiyoung BONG, Auteur ; Da-Yea SONG, Auteur ; Nan-He YOON, Auteur ; Joo Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Hee Jeong YOO, Auteur . - 30 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 30 p. Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Asian People  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  Child  Female  Humans  Male  ROC Curve  Reproducibility of Results  Ados-2  Autism  Diagnosis  Validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although the Korean version of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (K-ADOS-2) is widely being used to diagnose autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in South Korea, no previous study has examined the validity and reliability of all modules of K-ADOS-2 across a wide age range, particularly older children, adolescents, and adults. METHOD: Data from 2,158 participants were included (mean age=79.7 months; 73.6% male): 1473 participants with ASD and 685 participants without ASD (Toddler Module, n=289; Module 1, n=642; Module 2 n=574; Module 3 n=411; Module 4, n=242). Participants completed a battery of tests, including the K-ADOS or K-ADOS-2 and other existing diagnostic instruments. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), Cohen's kappa (k), and agreement with existing diagnostic instruments were computed. Cronbach's Î+ values were also calculated. RESULTS: All developmental cells of the K-ADOS-2 showed sufficient ranges of sensitivity 85.4-100.0%; specificity, 80.4-96.8%; area under the ROC curve, .90-.97; PPV, 77.8-99.3%; NPV, 80.6-100.0%; and k values, .83-.92. The kappa agreements of developmental cells with existing diagnostic instruments ranged from .20 to .90. Cronbach's Î+ values ranged from .82 to .91 across all developmental cells. LIMITATION: The best-estimate clinical diagnoses made in this study were not independent of the K-ADOS-2 scores. Some modules did not include balanced numbers of participants in terms of gender and diagnostic status. CONCLUSION: The K-ADOS-2 is a valid and reliable instrument in diagnosing ASD in South Korea. Future studies exploring the effectiveness of the K-ADOS-2 in capturing restricted, repetitive behaviors and differentiating ASD from other developmental disabilities are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00506-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Exploring sex differences in the manifestation of autistic traits in young children / Da-Yea SONG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 88 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 88 (October 2021) . - 101848 Titre : Exploring sex differences in the manifestation of autistic traits in young children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Da-Yea SONG, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Guiyoung BONG, Auteur ; Young Ah KIM, Auteur ; Joo Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Jong-Myeong KIM, Auteur ; Hee Jeong YOO, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101848 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Sex differences  Phenotype  Social communication  Restricted repetitive behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous works attempting to document sex differences in younger children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate potential sex differences in the manifestation of ASD-related features in toddlers and preschoolers with ASD, typical development (TD), and other developmental disorders (OD). Method Analyses were conducted using a sample of 557 young children, aged 18?42 months, composed of 261 participants with ASD (n = 207 males; n = 54 females), 223 TD (n = 133 males; n = 90 females), and 73 with OD (n = 45 males; n = 28 females). A battery of tests, including the gold standard ASD diagnostic assessments and caregiver questionnaires, were used to measure symptomatology. We implemented ANCOVA while covarying for adaptive skills to detect sex differences in ASD trait presentation. Results The ASD group demonstrated significant differences in the parent-report social interaction domain with more deficits in females than males, while the TD and OD groups found that males exhibited more restricted or repetitive behaviors (RRB) than females. When the participants were limited to children over 24 months to ensure good diagnostic validity, the same patterns in traits by sex were observed, except in the OD group, suggesting that the younger children might have driven the significant findings. Conclusion Sex differences in the social interaction domain were reported by parents of children with ASD, while children in the non-ASD groups exhibited differences in RRBs. Therefore, healthcare professionals should become aware of the different presentational profiles in young children to prevent over or under detection of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101848 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458 [article] Exploring sex differences in the manifestation of autistic traits in young children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Da-Yea SONG, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Guiyoung BONG, Auteur ; Young Ah KIM, Auteur ; Joo Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Jong-Myeong KIM, Auteur ; Hee Jeong YOO, Auteur . - 101848. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 88 (October 2021) . - 101848 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Sex differences  Phenotype  Social communication  Restricted repetitive behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous works attempting to document sex differences in younger children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate potential sex differences in the manifestation of ASD-related features in toddlers and preschoolers with ASD, typical development (TD), and other developmental disorders (OD). Method Analyses were conducted using a sample of 557 young children, aged 18?42 months, composed of 261 participants with ASD (n = 207 males; n = 54 females), 223 TD (n = 133 males; n = 90 females), and 73 with OD (n = 45 males; n = 28 females). A battery of tests, including the gold standard ASD diagnostic assessments and caregiver questionnaires, were used to measure symptomatology. We implemented ANCOVA while covarying for adaptive skills to detect sex differences in ASD trait presentation. Results The ASD group demonstrated significant differences in the parent-report social interaction domain with more deficits in females than males, while the TD and OD groups found that males exhibited more restricted or repetitive behaviors (RRB) than females. When the participants were limited to children over 24 months to ensure good diagnostic validity, the same patterns in traits by sex were observed, except in the OD group, suggesting that the younger children might have driven the significant findings. Conclusion Sex differences in the social interaction domain were reported by parents of children with ASD, while children in the non-ASD groups exhibited differences in RRBs. Therefore, healthcare professionals should become aware of the different presentational profiles in young children to prevent over or under detection of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101848 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458

A systematic review and meta-analysis of associations between primarily non-autistic people's characteristics and attitudes toward autistic people / Da-Yea SONG ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL ; Kristen GILLESPIE-LYNCH ; Eilidh CAGE in Autism Research, 16-2 (February 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-2 (February 2023) . - p.441-457 Titre : A systematic review and meta-analysis of associations between primarily non-autistic people's characteristics and attitudes toward autistic people Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Da-Yea SONG, Auteur ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Kristen GILLESPIE-LYNCH, Auteur ; Eilidh CAGE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.441-457 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract This systematic review includes a narrative synthesis and meta-analysis of research on the associations between primarily non-autistic people's characteristics and their attitudes toward autistic people. Of 47 studies included in the narrative synthesis, White undergraduate students were surveyed most frequently. Demographic characteristics were the factors most frequently tested for associations with attitudes, followed by contact-related factors (i.e., quantity and quality), knowledge about autism, trait and personality factors, and other factors that did not fit into a single category. Internal consistency was not reported for some instruments assessing raters' characteristics; some instruments had alpha levels lower than 0.70, and many characteristics of raters were measured using one-item measures. Moreover, theoretical motivations for investigating the raters' characteristics were rarely provided. A total of 36 studies were included in the meta-analysis, which showed that attitudes toward autistic people were significantly associated with participants' gender, knowledge about autism, and quality and quantity of their previous contact with autistic people, but not with their age or autistic traits. These findings indicate a need for more studies that focus on context-related characteristics (e.g., institutional variables such as support/commitment to inclusion), use reliable instruments to measure non-autistic people's characteristics, and situate their investigation in a theoretical framework. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2867 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=496 [article] A systematic review and meta-analysis of associations between primarily non-autistic people's characteristics and attitudes toward autistic people [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Da-Yea SONG, Auteur ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Kristen GILLESPIE-LYNCH, Auteur ; Eilidh CAGE, Auteur . - p.441-457. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-2 (February 2023) . - p.441-457 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract This systematic review includes a narrative synthesis and meta-analysis of research on the associations between primarily non-autistic people's characteristics and their attitudes toward autistic people. Of 47 studies included in the narrative synthesis, White undergraduate students were surveyed most frequently. Demographic characteristics were the factors most frequently tested for associations with attitudes, followed by contact-related factors (i.e., quantity and quality), knowledge about autism, trait and personality factors, and other factors that did not fit into a single category. Internal consistency was not reported for some instruments assessing raters' characteristics; some instruments had alpha levels lower than 0.70, and many characteristics of raters were measured using one-item measures. Moreover, theoretical motivations for investigating the raters' characteristics were rarely provided. A total of 36 studies were included in the meta-analysis, which showed that attitudes toward autistic people were significantly associated with participants' gender, knowledge about autism, and quality and quantity of their previous contact with autistic people, but not with their age or autistic traits. These findings indicate a need for more studies that focus on context-related characteristics (e.g., institutional variables such as support/commitment to inclusion), use reliable instruments to measure non-autistic people's characteristics, and situate their investigation in a theoretical framework. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2867 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=496

Time to level up: A systematic review of interventions aiming to reduce stigma toward autistic people / So Yoon KIM in Autism, 28-4 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-4 (April 2024) . - p.798-815 Titre : Time to level up: A systematic review of interventions aiming to reduce stigma toward autistic people Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Da-Yea SONG, Auteur ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Kristen GILLESPIE-LYNCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.798-815 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,educational psychology,intervention,risk of bias,stigma,systematic review,training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This systematic review examined 26 studies that implemented interventions to reduce stigma toward autistic people; the intervention recipients were primarily non-autistic people. Participants in the included studies were primarily White K-12 or undergraduate students. Most studies utilized one-time video or computer-based instruction, and more recent interventions tended to utilize online platforms. Studies varied in several respects: whether an autistic person was involved in the development and/or delivery of interventions, the intervention content, and the types and internal consistencies of the outcome variables. Risks of bias were prevalent. Masked outcome variables were used infrequently, and investigators were usually aware of group allocation. Among randomized controlled trials, the randomization processes were not sufficiently described, and non-randomized studies of interventions frequently did not account for confounding factors that could explain changes in stigma. Many non-randomized studies of interventions made unwarranted, causal claims about the intervention effectiveness on stigma reduction, and most studies did not sufficiently address limitations related to study design and risk of bias. The recommended areas of improvement include identifying active ingredients of interventions, measuring reliable changes in behaviors and attitudes, and targeting structural stigma. In addition, more robust procedures such as randomizing participants, using masked variables, and controlling baseline differences should be utilized. Lay abstract How non-autistic people think about autistic people impacts autistic people negatively. Many studies developed trainings to reduce autism stigma. The existing trainings vary a lot in terms of study design, content, and reported effectiveness. This means that a review studying how the studies have been conducted is needed. We also looked at the quality of these studies. We collected and studied 26 studies that tried to reduce stigma toward autistic people. The studies often targeted White K-12 students and college students. Most trainings were implemented once. Trainings frequently used video or computer. Especially, recent studies tended to use online platforms. The study quality was poor for most studies. Some studies made inaccurate claims about the intervention effectiveness. Studies did not sufficiently address study limitations. Future trainings should aim to figure out why and how interventions work. How intervention changes people?s behavior and thoughts should be studied. Researchers should study whether the training can change the societal stigma. Also, researchers should use a better study design. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231205915 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=525 [article] Time to level up: A systematic review of interventions aiming to reduce stigma toward autistic people [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Da-Yea SONG, Auteur ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Kristen GILLESPIE-LYNCH, Auteur . - p.798-815. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-4 (April 2024) . - p.798-815 Mots-clés : autism,educational psychology,intervention,risk of bias,stigma,systematic review,training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This systematic review examined 26 studies that implemented interventions to reduce stigma toward autistic people; the intervention recipients were primarily non-autistic people. Participants in the included studies were primarily White K-12 or undergraduate students. Most studies utilized one-time video or computer-based instruction, and more recent interventions tended to utilize online platforms. Studies varied in several respects: whether an autistic person was involved in the development and/or delivery of interventions, the intervention content, and the types and internal consistencies of the outcome variables. Risks of bias were prevalent. Masked outcome variables were used infrequently, and investigators were usually aware of group allocation. Among randomized controlled trials, the randomization processes were not sufficiently described, and non-randomized studies of interventions frequently did not account for confounding factors that could explain changes in stigma. Many non-randomized studies of interventions made unwarranted, causal claims about the intervention effectiveness on stigma reduction, and most studies did not sufficiently address limitations related to study design and risk of bias. The recommended areas of improvement include identifying active ingredients of interventions, measuring reliable changes in behaviors and attitudes, and targeting structural stigma. In addition, more robust procedures such as randomizing participants, using masked variables, and controlling baseline differences should be utilized. Lay abstract How non-autistic people think about autistic people impacts autistic people negatively. Many studies developed trainings to reduce autism stigma. The existing trainings vary a lot in terms of study design, content, and reported effectiveness. This means that a review studying how the studies have been conducted is needed. We also looked at the quality of these studies. We collected and studied 26 studies that tried to reduce stigma toward autistic people. The studies often targeted White K-12 students and college students. Most trainings were implemented once. Trainings frequently used video or computer. Especially, recent studies tended to use online platforms. The study quality was poor for most studies. Some studies made inaccurate claims about the intervention effectiveness. Studies did not sufficiently address study limitations. Future trainings should aim to figure out why and how interventions work. How intervention changes people?s behavior and thoughts should be studied. Researchers should study whether the training can change the societal stigma. Also, researchers should use a better study design. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231205915 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=525

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