Editorial Perspective: On the need for clarity about attachment terminology / Marije L. VERHAGE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-5 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-5 (May 2023) . - p.839-843 Titre : Editorial Perspective: On the need for clarity about attachment terminology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marije L. VERHAGE, Auteur ; Anne THARNER, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur ; Guy BOSMANS, Auteur ; R. M. Pasco FEARON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.839-843 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Part of the appeal of attachment language is that it feels near to our everyday experience, as terms like 'attachment', 'security' or 'disorganisation' feel readily recognisable. Yet, not one of these terms is used by academic attachment researchers in line with ordinary language. This has hindered the evidence-based use of attachment in practice, the feedback loop from practice to research and the dialogue between attachment researchers in developmental psychology and in social psychology. This paper pinpoints the difficulties arising from the existence of multiple versions of 'attachment theory' that use exactly the same terms, held by communities that assume that they are referring to the same thing and with little infrastructure to help them discover otherwise. When we talk past one another, the different communities with a stake in knowledge of attachment are obstructed from genuinely learning from one another, drawing on their respective strengths and pursuing collaborations. One factor contributing to this situation has been the use of attachment terminology with technical meanings, but often without setting out clear definitions. We here introduce a guide to attachment terminology used by the academic community, which has recently been published on the website of the Society for Emotion and Attachment Studies. The guide is meant for researchers, clinicians and everyone concerned with attachment to increase understanding of the technical meaning of important terminology used by researchers, and support the quality of discussions between researchers, and between researchers and clinicians and other publics. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13675 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501 [article] Editorial Perspective: On the need for clarity about attachment terminology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marije L. VERHAGE, Auteur ; Anne THARNER, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur ; Guy BOSMANS, Auteur ; R. M. Pasco FEARON, Auteur . - p.839-843. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-5 (May 2023) . - p.839-843 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Part of the appeal of attachment language is that it feels near to our everyday experience, as terms like 'attachment', 'security' or 'disorganisation' feel readily recognisable. Yet, not one of these terms is used by academic attachment researchers in line with ordinary language. This has hindered the evidence-based use of attachment in practice, the feedback loop from practice to research and the dialogue between attachment researchers in developmental psychology and in social psychology. This paper pinpoints the difficulties arising from the existence of multiple versions of 'attachment theory' that use exactly the same terms, held by communities that assume that they are referring to the same thing and with little infrastructure to help them discover otherwise. When we talk past one another, the different communities with a stake in knowledge of attachment are obstructed from genuinely learning from one another, drawing on their respective strengths and pursuing collaborations. One factor contributing to this situation has been the use of attachment terminology with technical meanings, but often without setting out clear definitions. We here introduce a guide to attachment terminology used by the academic community, which has recently been published on the website of the Society for Emotion and Attachment Studies. The guide is meant for researchers, clinicians and everyone concerned with attachment to increase understanding of the technical meaning of important terminology used by researchers, and support the quality of discussions between researchers, and between researchers and clinicians and other publics. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13675 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501

Exploring the meaning of unresolved loss and trauma in more than 1,000 Adult Attachment Interviews / Lianne BAKKUM in Development and Psychopathology, 35-2 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 35-2 (May 2023) . - p.587-603 Titre : Exploring the meaning of unresolved loss and trauma in more than 1,000 Adult Attachment Interviews Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lianne BAKKUM, Auteur ; Marije L. VERHAGE, Auteur ; Carlo SCHUENGEL, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur ; Ilja CORNELISZ, Auteur ; Chris VAN KLAVEREN, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; K. Lee RABY, Auteur ; Glenn I. ROISMAN, Auteur ; Marian J. BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, Auteur ; Mirjam OOSTERMAN, Auteur ; Sheri MADIGAN, Auteur ; R. M. Pasco FEARON, Auteur ; Kazuko BEHRENS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.587-603 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Attachment Interview  individual participant data meta-analysis  unresolved loss  unresolved trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unresolved states of mind regarding experiences of loss/abuse (U/d) are identified through lapses in the monitoring of reasoning, discourse, and behavior surrounding loss/abuse in response to the Adult Attachment Interview. Although the coding system for U/d has been widely used for decades, the individual indicators of unresolved loss/abuse have not been validated independently of the development sample. This study examined the psychometric validity of U/d, using individual participant data from 1,009 parent-child dyads across 13 studies. A latent class analysis showed that subsets of commonly occurring U/d indicators could differentiate interviewees with or without unresolved loss/abuse. Predictive models suggested a psychometric model of U/d consisting of a combination of these common indicators, with disbelief and psychologically confused statements regarding loss being especially important indicators of U/d. This model weakly predicted infant disorganized attachment. Multilevel regression analysis showed no significant association between ratings of unresolved other trauma and infant disorganized attachment, over and above ratings of unresolved loss/abuse. Altogether, these findings suggest that the coding system of U/d may have been overfitted to the initial development sample. Directions for further articulation and optimization of U/d are provided. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421001735 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504 [article] Exploring the meaning of unresolved loss and trauma in more than 1,000 Adult Attachment Interviews [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lianne BAKKUM, Auteur ; Marije L. VERHAGE, Auteur ; Carlo SCHUENGEL, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur ; Ilja CORNELISZ, Auteur ; Chris VAN KLAVEREN, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; K. Lee RABY, Auteur ; Glenn I. ROISMAN, Auteur ; Marian J. BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, Auteur ; Mirjam OOSTERMAN, Auteur ; Sheri MADIGAN, Auteur ; R. M. Pasco FEARON, Auteur ; Kazuko BEHRENS, Auteur . - p.587-603. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 35-2 (May 2023) . - p.587-603 Mots-clés : Adult Attachment Interview  individual participant data meta-analysis  unresolved loss  unresolved trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unresolved states of mind regarding experiences of loss/abuse (U/d) are identified through lapses in the monitoring of reasoning, discourse, and behavior surrounding loss/abuse in response to the Adult Attachment Interview. Although the coding system for U/d has been widely used for decades, the individual indicators of unresolved loss/abuse have not been validated independently of the development sample. This study examined the psychometric validity of U/d, using individual participant data from 1,009 parent-child dyads across 13 studies. A latent class analysis showed that subsets of commonly occurring U/d indicators could differentiate interviewees with or without unresolved loss/abuse. Predictive models suggested a psychometric model of U/d consisting of a combination of these common indicators, with disbelief and psychologically confused statements regarding loss being especially important indicators of U/d. This model weakly predicted infant disorganized attachment. Multilevel regression analysis showed no significant association between ratings of unresolved other trauma and infant disorganized attachment, over and above ratings of unresolved loss/abuse. Altogether, these findings suggest that the coding system of U/d may have been overfitted to the initial development sample. Directions for further articulation and optimization of U/d are provided. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421001735 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504

'Instruments are good at eliciting information; scores are very dangerous': The perspectives of clinical professionals regarding neurodevelopmental assessment / Barry COUGHLAN in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.905-915 Titre : 'Instruments are good at eliciting information; scores are very dangerous': The perspectives of clinical professionals regarding neurodevelopmental assessment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Barry COUGHLAN, Auteur ; Matt WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Emma Jl WEISBLATT, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.905-915 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,autism,clinical reasoning,qualitative,decision-making,diagnostic upgrading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical judgement is a crucial part of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessments. This study aims to harness insights from psychology and sociology to explore clinical perspectives and assessment practices of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Qualitative interviews were conducted with health care professionals (n=17). Interviews were conducted between January and May 2019. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. Themes were sorted into two interrelated categories (1) approaches to diagnosis (2) elements of diagnosis. Approaches to diagnosis were comprised of the following subthemes: nature of diagnosis, application of diagnosis: natural and pragmatic, revisiting conceptualisations: sub-optimal practice & unhelpful diagnoses, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Elements of diagnosis contained three related subthemes: contextualising standardised assessments, triangulating material, organisational factors. There is sometimes a pragmatic as well as nosological dimension to diagnosis. Competing desires for consistency and utility add further complexity to neurodevelopmental assessment.Lay abstractAutism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are common behaviourally diagnosed conditions. One of the key aspects of diagnosis is clinical judgement. Yet despite decades of research, it is only in recent times that researchers have started exploring clinicians' perspectives on diagnosing these conditions. We aimed to add to this body of knowledge by conducting interviews with 17 experienced health care professionals in the United Kingdom to hear their perspectives on diagnosing autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clinicians reflected that for some children and young people, diagnosis is reasonably straightforward; however, in other situations, decisions are made on more pragmatic grounds (i.e. will this be helpful). We identified some differences of opinion between professionals and organisation which adds to the complexity of applying a diagnosis. We recommend several areas for future research and point to some practical and philosophical implications of the work. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121413 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] 'Instruments are good at eliciting information; scores are very dangerous': The perspectives of clinical professionals regarding neurodevelopmental assessment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Barry COUGHLAN, Auteur ; Matt WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Emma Jl WEISBLATT, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur . - p.905-915. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.905-915 Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,autism,clinical reasoning,qualitative,decision-making,diagnostic upgrading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical judgement is a crucial part of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessments. This study aims to harness insights from psychology and sociology to explore clinical perspectives and assessment practices of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Qualitative interviews were conducted with health care professionals (n=17). Interviews were conducted between January and May 2019. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. Themes were sorted into two interrelated categories (1) approaches to diagnosis (2) elements of diagnosis. Approaches to diagnosis were comprised of the following subthemes: nature of diagnosis, application of diagnosis: natural and pragmatic, revisiting conceptualisations: sub-optimal practice & unhelpful diagnoses, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Elements of diagnosis contained three related subthemes: contextualising standardised assessments, triangulating material, organisational factors. There is sometimes a pragmatic as well as nosological dimension to diagnosis. Competing desires for consistency and utility add further complexity to neurodevelopmental assessment.Lay abstractAutism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are common behaviourally diagnosed conditions. One of the key aspects of diagnosis is clinical judgement. Yet despite decades of research, it is only in recent times that researchers have started exploring clinicians' perspectives on diagnosing these conditions. We aimed to add to this body of knowledge by conducting interviews with 17 experienced health care professionals in the United Kingdom to hear their perspectives on diagnosing autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clinicians reflected that for some children and young people, diagnosis is reasonably straightforward; however, in other situations, decisions are made on more pragmatic grounds (i.e. will this be helpful). We identified some differences of opinion between professionals and organisation which adds to the complexity of applying a diagnosis. We recommend several areas for future research and point to some practical and philosophical implications of the work. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121413 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Psychophysiological responses underlying unresolved loss and trauma in the Adult Attachment Interview / Lianne BAKKUM in Development and Psychopathology, 34-1 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 34-1 (February 2022) . - p.197-212 Titre : Psychophysiological responses underlying unresolved loss and trauma in the Adult Attachment Interview Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lianne BAKKUM, Auteur ; Mirjam OOSTERMAN, Auteur ; Marije L. VERHAGE, Auteur ; Florentina C. KUNSELER, Auteur ; Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur ; Carlo SCHUENGEL, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.197-212 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adult attachment  autonomic nervous system reactivity  loss  childhood abuse  trauma recall Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unresolved loss/trauma in the context of the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) has been theorised to result from dissociative processing of fear-related memories and ideas. To examine the plausibility of this model, this study tested hypothesised associations between unresolved loss/trauma and indicators of autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity. First-time pregnant women (N = 235) participated in the AAI while heart rate (interbeat interval; IBI) and indicators of parasympathetic reactivity (respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA) and sympathetic reactivity (pre-ejection period; PEP, skin conductance level; SCL) were recorded. Using multilevel modelling, ANS reactivity was examined in relation to topic (loss/trauma versus other questions); discussion of actual loss/trauma; classification of unresolved/disorganised; and unresolved responses during the interview. Responses to loss/trauma questions and discussion of loss were associated with respectively larger and smaller IBIs. There was no moderation by unresolved/disorganised status. Unresolved responses about loss were associated with smaller IBIs. Participants classified as unresolved/disorganised showed decreasing PEP and blunted SCL throughout the whole interview. The findings suggest that unresolved speech about loss co-occurs with physiological arousal, although the inconclusive findings regarding parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system responses fail to clearly support the role of fear. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001492 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474 [article] Psychophysiological responses underlying unresolved loss and trauma in the Adult Attachment Interview [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lianne BAKKUM, Auteur ; Mirjam OOSTERMAN, Auteur ; Marije L. VERHAGE, Auteur ; Florentina C. KUNSELER, Auteur ; Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur ; Carlo SCHUENGEL, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur . - p.197-212. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 34-1 (February 2022) . - p.197-212 Mots-clés : adult attachment  autonomic nervous system reactivity  loss  childhood abuse  trauma recall Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unresolved loss/trauma in the context of the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) has been theorised to result from dissociative processing of fear-related memories and ideas. To examine the plausibility of this model, this study tested hypothesised associations between unresolved loss/trauma and indicators of autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity. First-time pregnant women (N = 235) participated in the AAI while heart rate (interbeat interval; IBI) and indicators of parasympathetic reactivity (respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA) and sympathetic reactivity (pre-ejection period; PEP, skin conductance level; SCL) were recorded. Using multilevel modelling, ANS reactivity was examined in relation to topic (loss/trauma versus other questions); discussion of actual loss/trauma; classification of unresolved/disorganised; and unresolved responses during the interview. Responses to loss/trauma questions and discussion of loss were associated with respectively larger and smaller IBIs. There was no moderation by unresolved/disorganised status. Unresolved responses about loss were associated with smaller IBIs. Participants classified as unresolved/disorganised showed decreasing PEP and blunted SCL throughout the whole interview. The findings suggest that unresolved speech about loss co-occurs with physiological arousal, although the inconclusive findings regarding parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system responses fail to clearly support the role of fear. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001492 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474

Socioemotional profiles of autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and disinhibited and reactive attachment disorders: a symptom comparison and network approach / Barry COUGHLAN in Development and Psychopathology, 35-3 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 35-3 (August 2023) . - p.1026-1035 Titre : Socioemotional profiles of autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and disinhibited and reactive attachment disorders: a symptom comparison and network approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Barry COUGHLAN, Auteur ; Matt WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1026-1035 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  ASD  attachment  emotional  social Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disinhibited and reactive attachment disorders (RAD/DAD) often experience socioemotional problems. Elucidating a clear picture of these profiles is essential. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQs) were analysed from cohort of children with ASD (n = 1430), ADHD (n = 1193), and RAD/DAD (n = 39). Kruskal-Wallis Tests and network analytic techniques were used to investigate symptom profiles. Children with ASD experienced more emotional problems, peer problems and fewer prosocial behaviours. Children with ADHD and RAD/DAD had higher levels of hyperactivity and conduct problems. Overall, ASD and ADHD networks were highly correlated (rs = 0.82), and we did not observe a statistically significant difference in terms of global Strength. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421000882 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510 [article] Socioemotional profiles of autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and disinhibited and reactive attachment disorders: a symptom comparison and network approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Barry COUGHLAN, Auteur ; Matt WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur . - p.1026-1035. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 35-3 (August 2023) . - p.1026-1035 Mots-clés : ADHD  ASD  attachment  emotional  social Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disinhibited and reactive attachment disorders (RAD/DAD) often experience socioemotional problems. Elucidating a clear picture of these profiles is essential. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQs) were analysed from cohort of children with ASD (n = 1430), ADHD (n = 1193), and RAD/DAD (n = 39). Kruskal-Wallis Tests and network analytic techniques were used to investigate symptom profiles. Children with ASD experienced more emotional problems, peer problems and fewer prosocial behaviours. Children with ADHD and RAD/DAD had higher levels of hyperactivity and conduct problems. Overall, ASD and ADHD networks were highly correlated (rs = 0.82), and we did not observe a statistically significant difference in terms of global Strength. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421000882 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510

The relationship between attachment and posttraumatic stress in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review / Toby CUSHING in Development and Psychopathology, 36-3 (August 2024)  

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