A cross-cultural study of autistic traits across India, Japan and the UK / Sophie CARRUTHERS in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 52p. Titre : A cross-cultural study of autistic traits across India, Japan and the UK Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sophie CARRUTHERS, Auteur ; Emma KINNAIRD, Auteur ; Alokananda RUDRA, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Akio WAKABAYASHI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Ioannis BAKOLIS, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 52p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Cross-cultural comparison  Culture  Positive predictive values  the original collection of data was obtained by ethics committees in India, Japan  and the UK for each country's data collection separately.Not applicable.The  authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains  neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional  affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There is a global need for brief screening instruments that can identify key indicators for autism to support frontline professionals in their referral decision-making. Although a universal set of conditions, there may be subtle differences in expression, identification and reporting of autistic traits across cultures. In order to assess the potential for any measure for cross-cultural screening use, it is important to understand the relative performance of such measures in different cultures. Our study aimed to identify the items on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ)-Child that are most predictive of an autism diagnosis among children aged 4-9 years across samples from India, Japan and the UK. Methods: We analysed parent-reported AQ-Child data from India (73 children with an autism diagnosis and 81 neurotypical children), Japan (116 children with autism and 190 neurotypical children) and the UK (488 children with autism and 532 neurotypical children). None of the children had a reported existing diagnosis of intellectual disability. Discrimination indices (DI) and positive predictive values (PPV) were used to identify the most predictive items in each country. Results: Sixteen items in the Indian sample, 15 items in the Japanese sample and 28 items in the UK sample demonstrated excellent discriminatory power (DI >/= 0.5 and PPV >/= 0.7), suggesting these items represent the strongest indicators for predicting an autism diagnosis within these countries. Across cultures, good performing items were largely overlapping, with five key indicator items appearing across all three countries (can easily keep track of several different people's conversations, enjoys social chit-chat, knows how to tell if someone listening to him/her is getting bored, good at social chit-chat, finds it difficult to work out people's intentions). Four items indicated potential cultural differences. One item was highly discriminative in Japan but poorly discriminative (DI < 0.3) in the UK and India, and a further item had excellent discrimination properties in the UK but poorly discriminated in the Indian and Japanese samples. Two additional items were highly discriminative in two cultures but poor in the third. Conclusions: Cross-cultural overlap in the items most predictive of an autism diagnosis supports the general notion of universality in autistic traits whilst also highlighting that there can be cultural differences associated with certain autistic traits. These findings have the potential to inform the development of a brief global screening tool for autism. Further development and evaluation work is needed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0235-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] A cross-cultural study of autistic traits across India, Japan and the UK [texte imprimé] / Sophie CARRUTHERS, Auteur ; Emma KINNAIRD, Auteur ; Alokananda RUDRA, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Akio WAKABAYASHI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Ioannis BAKOLIS, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur . - 52p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 52p. Mots-clés : Autism  Cross-cultural comparison  Culture  Positive predictive values  the original collection of data was obtained by ethics committees in India, Japan  and the UK for each country's data collection separately.Not applicable.The  authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains  neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional  affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There is a global need for brief screening instruments that can identify key indicators for autism to support frontline professionals in their referral decision-making. Although a universal set of conditions, there may be subtle differences in expression, identification and reporting of autistic traits across cultures. In order to assess the potential for any measure for cross-cultural screening use, it is important to understand the relative performance of such measures in different cultures. Our study aimed to identify the items on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ)-Child that are most predictive of an autism diagnosis among children aged 4-9 years across samples from India, Japan and the UK. Methods: We analysed parent-reported AQ-Child data from India (73 children with an autism diagnosis and 81 neurotypical children), Japan (116 children with autism and 190 neurotypical children) and the UK (488 children with autism and 532 neurotypical children). None of the children had a reported existing diagnosis of intellectual disability. Discrimination indices (DI) and positive predictive values (PPV) were used to identify the most predictive items in each country. Results: Sixteen items in the Indian sample, 15 items in the Japanese sample and 28 items in the UK sample demonstrated excellent discriminatory power (DI >/= 0.5 and PPV >/= 0.7), suggesting these items represent the strongest indicators for predicting an autism diagnosis within these countries. Across cultures, good performing items were largely overlapping, with five key indicator items appearing across all three countries (can easily keep track of several different people's conversations, enjoys social chit-chat, knows how to tell if someone listening to him/her is getting bored, good at social chit-chat, finds it difficult to work out people's intentions). Four items indicated potential cultural differences. One item was highly discriminative in Japan but poorly discriminative (DI < 0.3) in the UK and India, and a further item had excellent discrimination properties in the UK but poorly discriminated in the Indian and Japanese samples. Two additional items were highly discriminative in two cultures but poor in the third. Conclusions: Cross-cultural overlap in the items most predictive of an autism diagnosis supports the general notion of universality in autistic traits whilst also highlighting that there can be cultural differences associated with certain autistic traits. These findings have the potential to inform the development of a brief global screening tool for autism. Further development and evaluation work is needed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0235-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

Supporting parenting among Syrian refugees in Lebanon: a randomized controlled trial of the caregiver support intervention / Kenneth E. MILLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-1 (January 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-1 (January 2023) . - p.71-82 Titre : Supporting parenting among Syrian refugees in Lebanon: a randomized controlled trial of the caregiver support intervention Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kenneth E. MILLER, Auteur ; Alexandra CHEN, Auteur ; Gabriela V. KOPPENOL-GONZALEZ, Auteur ; Ioannis BAKOLIS, Auteur ; Maguy ARNOUS, Auteur ; Fadila TOSSYEH, Auteur ; Ahmad EL HASSAN, Auteur ; Ahmad SALEH, Auteur ; Joy SAADE, Auteur ; Nayla NAHAS, Auteur ; Marianne ABBOUD, Auteur ; Lya JAWAD, Auteur ; Mark J.D. JORDANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.71-82 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Parenting interventions in humanitarian settings have prioritized the acquisition of parenting knowledge and skills, while overlooking the adverse effects of stress and distress on parenting ”a key mediator of refugee children's mental health. We evaluated the effectiveness of the Caregiver Support Intervention (CSI), which emphasizes caregiver wellbeing together with training in positive parenting. Methods We conducted a two-arm randomized controlled trial of the CSI with Syrian refugees in Lebanon, with an intent-to-treat design, from September 2019-December 2020. A total of 480 caregivers from 240 families were randomized to the CSI or a waitlist control group (1:1). Retention from baseline to endline was 93%. Data on parenting and caregiver psychological wellbeing were collected at baseline, endline, and three-month follow-up. Prospective trial registration: ISRCTN22321773. Results We did not find a significant change on overall parenting skills at endline (primary outcome endpoint) (d=.11, p=.126) or at follow-up (Cohen's d=.15, p=.054). We did find a significant effect on overall parenting skills among participants receiving the full intervention ”the sub-sample not interrupted by (COVID-19) (d=0.25, p < .05). The CSI showed beneficial effects in the full sample at endline and follow-up on harsh parenting (d=â’.17, p < .05; d=.19, p < .05), parenting knowledge (d=.63, p < .001; d=.50, p < .001), and caregiver distress (d=â’.33, p < .001; d=.23, p < .01). We found no effects on parental warmth and responsiveness, psychosocial wellbeing, stress, or stress management. Changes in caregiver wellbeing partially mediated the impact of the CSI on harsh parenting, accounting for 37% of the reduction in harsh parenting. Conclusions The CSI reduced harsh parenting and caregiver distress, and demonstrated the value of addressing caregiver wellbeing as a pathway to strengthening parenting in adversity. These effects were achieved despite a pandemic-related lockdown that impacted implementation, a severe economic crisis, and widespread social unrest. Replication under less extreme conditions may more accurately demonstrate the intervention's full potential. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13668 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=490 [article] Supporting parenting among Syrian refugees in Lebanon: a randomized controlled trial of the caregiver support intervention [texte imprimé] / Kenneth E. MILLER, Auteur ; Alexandra CHEN, Auteur ; Gabriela V. KOPPENOL-GONZALEZ, Auteur ; Ioannis BAKOLIS, Auteur ; Maguy ARNOUS, Auteur ; Fadila TOSSYEH, Auteur ; Ahmad EL HASSAN, Auteur ; Ahmad SALEH, Auteur ; Joy SAADE, Auteur ; Nayla NAHAS, Auteur ; Marianne ABBOUD, Auteur ; Lya JAWAD, Auteur ; Mark J.D. JORDANS, Auteur . - p.71-82. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-1 (January 2023) . - p.71-82 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Parenting interventions in humanitarian settings have prioritized the acquisition of parenting knowledge and skills, while overlooking the adverse effects of stress and distress on parenting ”a key mediator of refugee children's mental health. We evaluated the effectiveness of the Caregiver Support Intervention (CSI), which emphasizes caregiver wellbeing together with training in positive parenting. Methods We conducted a two-arm randomized controlled trial of the CSI with Syrian refugees in Lebanon, with an intent-to-treat design, from September 2019-December 2020. A total of 480 caregivers from 240 families were randomized to the CSI or a waitlist control group (1:1). Retention from baseline to endline was 93%. Data on parenting and caregiver psychological wellbeing were collected at baseline, endline, and three-month follow-up. Prospective trial registration: ISRCTN22321773. Results We did not find a significant change on overall parenting skills at endline (primary outcome endpoint) (d=.11, p=.126) or at follow-up (Cohen's d=.15, p=.054). We did find a significant effect on overall parenting skills among participants receiving the full intervention ”the sub-sample not interrupted by (COVID-19) (d=0.25, p < .05). The CSI showed beneficial effects in the full sample at endline and follow-up on harsh parenting (d=â’.17, p < .05; d=.19, p < .05), parenting knowledge (d=.63, p < .001; d=.50, p < .001), and caregiver distress (d=â’.33, p < .001; d=.23, p < .01). We found no effects on parental warmth and responsiveness, psychosocial wellbeing, stress, or stress management. Changes in caregiver wellbeing partially mediated the impact of the CSI on harsh parenting, accounting for 37% of the reduction in harsh parenting. Conclusions The CSI reduced harsh parenting and caregiver distress, and demonstrated the value of addressing caregiver wellbeing as a pathway to strengthening parenting in adversity. These effects were achieved despite a pandemic-related lockdown that impacted implementation, a severe economic crisis, and widespread social unrest. Replication under less extreme conditions may more accurately demonstrate the intervention's full potential. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13668 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=490

Understanding and mitigating associations between childhood neighborhood deprivation and adolescent mental health in two UK birth cohorts / Rachel M. LATHAM in Development and Psychopathology, 37-5 (December 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 37-5 (December 2025) . - p.2502-2516 Titre : Understanding and mitigating associations between childhood neighborhood deprivation and adolescent mental health in two UK birth cohorts Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rachel M. LATHAM, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur ; George B. PLOUBIDIS, Auteur ; Jayati DAS-MUNSHI, Auteur ; Dario MORENO-AGOSTINO, Auteur ; Ioannis BAKOLIS, Auteur ; Flora BLANGIS, Auteur ; Helen L. FISHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2502-2516 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence  poverty  protective factors  self-esteem  social support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated associations between childhood neighborhood deprivation and adolescent mental health difficulties, and potential protective factors. Data were utilized from the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) (born in 2000-2002; N = 5,422; 52% female) and the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study (born in 1994-1995; N = 1,920; 53% female). Childhood neighborhood deprivation was measured using the Index of Multiple Deprivation between age 9 months and 14 years (MCS) and at age 12 (E-Risk). Adolescent mental health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at age 17 (MCS) and the Diagnostic Interview Schedule conducted at age 18 with symptoms loading onto general psychopathology, internalizing and externalizing factors (E-Risk). Cross-classified models showed high levels of neighborhood deprivation in childhood were associated with more total problems (estimate = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.04-0.88) and internalizing difficulties (estimate = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.06-0.59) in adolescence within MCS. Being male, having higher self-esteem, greater social support, and a more positive parent-child relationship were associated with fewer total problems (estimates = −0.09-−1.87) and internalizing difficulties (estimates = −0.03-−1.88) at age 17 in the full sample regardless of neighborhood deprivation exposure. However, interactions revealed that higher self-esteem was especially beneficial for children exposed to high neighborhood deprivation (estimate = −0.35, 95% CI = −0.43-−0.27). No significant associations between childhood neighborhood deprivation and adolescent mental health symptoms were found in E-Risk. Interventions focused on improving self-esteem, social support, and parenting may help promote better adolescent mental health in the general population. Those living in the most deprived areas may benefit most from increased self-esteem. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579425000203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=572 [article] Understanding and mitigating associations between childhood neighborhood deprivation and adolescent mental health in two UK birth cohorts [texte imprimé] / Rachel M. LATHAM, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur ; George B. PLOUBIDIS, Auteur ; Jayati DAS-MUNSHI, Auteur ; Dario MORENO-AGOSTINO, Auteur ; Ioannis BAKOLIS, Auteur ; Flora BLANGIS, Auteur ; Helen L. FISHER, Auteur . - p.2502-2516. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 37-5 (December 2025) . - p.2502-2516 Mots-clés : adolescence  poverty  protective factors  self-esteem  social support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated associations between childhood neighborhood deprivation and adolescent mental health difficulties, and potential protective factors. Data were utilized from the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) (born in 2000-2002; N = 5,422; 52% female) and the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study (born in 1994-1995; N = 1,920; 53% female). Childhood neighborhood deprivation was measured using the Index of Multiple Deprivation between age 9 months and 14 years (MCS) and at age 12 (E-Risk). Adolescent mental health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at age 17 (MCS) and the Diagnostic Interview Schedule conducted at age 18 with symptoms loading onto general psychopathology, internalizing and externalizing factors (E-Risk). Cross-classified models showed high levels of neighborhood deprivation in childhood were associated with more total problems (estimate = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.04-0.88) and internalizing difficulties (estimate = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.06-0.59) in adolescence within MCS. Being male, having higher self-esteem, greater social support, and a more positive parent-child relationship were associated with fewer total problems (estimates = −0.09-−1.87) and internalizing difficulties (estimates = −0.03-−1.88) at age 17 in the full sample regardless of neighborhood deprivation exposure. However, interactions revealed that higher self-esteem was especially beneficial for children exposed to high neighborhood deprivation (estimate = −0.35, 95% CI = −0.43-−0.27). No significant associations between childhood neighborhood deprivation and adolescent mental health symptoms were found in E-Risk. Interventions focused on improving self-esteem, social support, and parenting may help promote better adolescent mental health in the general population. Those living in the most deprived areas may benefit most from increased self-esteem. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579425000203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=572

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