Disclosing an autism diagnosis improves ratings of candidate performance in employment interviews / Jade Eloise NORRIS in Autism, 28-4 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-4 (April 2024) . - p.1045-1050 Titre : Disclosing an autism diagnosis improves ratings of candidate performance in employment interviews Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Rachel PROSSER, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Katie L. MARAS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1045-1050 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults,autism spectrum disorders,cognition (attention, learning, memory),communication and language,policy,professional development,quality of life,vocational/labour force participation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Employment interviews can be challenging for autistic people. In addition to standard interview procedures often being inaccessible, features associated with autism (including atypical emotional expression, eye-contact, and gestures) may lead to negative first impressions. Research using vignettes and 'thin slices' of communication indicate that perceptions of an autistic individual can be improved when their autism diagnosis is disclosed. Here, we examined the impact of diagnostic disclosure on judgements of autistic adults undergoing an entire mock employment interview. A total of 119 participants (known as 'raters') watched a video of an autistic candidate?s mock employment interview, after which they provided overall impressions of the candidate on factors such as confidence, motivation, and knowledgeability. Raters were either (1) unaware of the interviewee?s diagnosis, (2) aware of their diagnosis, or (3) aware of their diagnosis and provided with information about autism. Results indicate that diagnostic disclosure improved perceptions of autistic candidates across all dimensions compared to when raters were unaware of their diagnosis. The provision of additional information about the diagnosis did not further improve ratings. The findings have important implications for employers and autistic people, who should consider the potential impact of diagnostic disclosure prior to interviewing for a role. Lay Abstract Employment interviews are challenging for many autistic people, for example, due to difficulties with interpreting questions. Autistic people also have differences in non-verbal communication, such as emotional expression, eye-contact, and gestures, with research showing that these factors negatively affect first impressions. Some studies have shown that perceptions of autistic people are more positive when the person observing them, such as an interviewer, is already aware of their diagnosis. However, previous research has not studied how disclosing one?s autism diagnosis affects perceptions of a candidate undergoing a full employment interview. Participants in this study acted as raters, who watched a video of an autistic person undergoing a mock employment interview with a researcher, and then rated their overall impressions of them on factors important to real-world hiring decisions, such as confidence, motivation, and knowledgeability. Prior to watching the interview, raters were either (1) not aware of the interviewee?s diagnosis, (2) made aware of their diagnosis, or (3) made aware of their diagnosis and provided with additional information about autism, such as differences in behaviours and communication. The results show that disclosing an autism diagnosis improved ratings compared to not disclosing the diagnosis. Providing additional information about autism alongside the diagnostic label did not improve ratings further. The findings are important for employers and autistic people; employers should consider improving procedures by which autistic people can disclose their diagnosis prior to interview should they wish, and autistic people may wish to consider the potential benefits of disclosing their diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231203739 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526 [article] Disclosing an autism diagnosis improves ratings of candidate performance in employment interviews [texte imprimé] / Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Rachel PROSSER, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Katie L. MARAS, Auteur . - p.1045-1050. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-4 (April 2024) . - p.1045-1050 Mots-clés : adults,autism spectrum disorders,cognition (attention, learning, memory),communication and language,policy,professional development,quality of life,vocational/labour force participation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Employment interviews can be challenging for autistic people. In addition to standard interview procedures often being inaccessible, features associated with autism (including atypical emotional expression, eye-contact, and gestures) may lead to negative first impressions. Research using vignettes and 'thin slices' of communication indicate that perceptions of an autistic individual can be improved when their autism diagnosis is disclosed. Here, we examined the impact of diagnostic disclosure on judgements of autistic adults undergoing an entire mock employment interview. A total of 119 participants (known as 'raters') watched a video of an autistic candidate?s mock employment interview, after which they provided overall impressions of the candidate on factors such as confidence, motivation, and knowledgeability. Raters were either (1) unaware of the interviewee?s diagnosis, (2) aware of their diagnosis, or (3) aware of their diagnosis and provided with information about autism. Results indicate that diagnostic disclosure improved perceptions of autistic candidates across all dimensions compared to when raters were unaware of their diagnosis. The provision of additional information about the diagnosis did not further improve ratings. The findings have important implications for employers and autistic people, who should consider the potential impact of diagnostic disclosure prior to interviewing for a role. Lay Abstract Employment interviews are challenging for many autistic people, for example, due to difficulties with interpreting questions. Autistic people also have differences in non-verbal communication, such as emotional expression, eye-contact, and gestures, with research showing that these factors negatively affect first impressions. Some studies have shown that perceptions of autistic people are more positive when the person observing them, such as an interviewer, is already aware of their diagnosis. However, previous research has not studied how disclosing one?s autism diagnosis affects perceptions of a candidate undergoing a full employment interview. Participants in this study acted as raters, who watched a video of an autistic person undergoing a mock employment interview with a researcher, and then rated their overall impressions of them on factors important to real-world hiring decisions, such as confidence, motivation, and knowledgeability. Prior to watching the interview, raters were either (1) not aware of the interviewee?s diagnosis, (2) made aware of their diagnosis, or (3) made aware of their diagnosis and provided with additional information about autism, such as differences in behaviours and communication. The results show that disclosing an autism diagnosis improved ratings compared to not disclosing the diagnosis. Providing additional information about autism alongside the diagnostic label did not improve ratings further. The findings are important for employers and autistic people; employers should consider improving procedures by which autistic people can disclose their diagnosis prior to interview should they wish, and autistic people may wish to consider the potential benefits of disclosing their diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231203739 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526

Parents' views and experiences of talking about autism with their children / Laura CRANE in Autism, 23-8 (November 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-8 (November 2019) . - p.1969-1981 Titre : Parents' views and experiences of talking about autism with their children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Lauren JONES, Auteur ; Rachel PROSSER, Auteur ; Morvarid TAGHRIZI, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1969-1981 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : acceptance  autism  awareness  diagnosis  disclosure  parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The way an autism diagnosis is disclosed to parents has been found to play a crucial role in their acceptance of, and the way they cope with, their child's diagnosis. Yet, research into parents' subsequent experiences of disclosing a diagnosis to their children, and talking to their families about autism more generally, is limited. Using an online survey, the current study examined 558 parents' experiences of talking about autism with their autistic and non-autistic children. Results demonstrated that most parents (n = 379, 67.9%) had told their autistic children about their diagnosis. Despite few parents (n = 163, 20.4%) receiving advice or support regarding the disclosure of the diagnosis, those that had disclosed felt satisfied with the process (n = 319, 84.2%) and felt confident in talking about autism with their children (n = 339, 92.4%). Those who had not told their autistic children about the diagnosis largely planned to discuss this with their child in the future (n = 100, 73.5%), felt confident in doing so (n = 95, 70.9%) and were satisfied with their decision (n = 95, 70.4%). Analysis of open-ended data, using thematic analysis, highlighted the importance of openness and the need to tailor explanations to individual children's needs, while acknowledging that disclosure could often be challenging for parents. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319836257 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=407 [article] Parents' views and experiences of talking about autism with their children [texte imprimé] / Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Lauren JONES, Auteur ; Rachel PROSSER, Auteur ; Morvarid TAGHRIZI, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur . - p.1969-1981. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-8 (November 2019) . - p.1969-1981 Mots-clés : acceptance  autism  awareness  diagnosis  disclosure  parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The way an autism diagnosis is disclosed to parents has been found to play a crucial role in their acceptance of, and the way they cope with, their child's diagnosis. Yet, research into parents' subsequent experiences of disclosing a diagnosis to their children, and talking to their families about autism more generally, is limited. Using an online survey, the current study examined 558 parents' experiences of talking about autism with their autistic and non-autistic children. Results demonstrated that most parents (n = 379, 67.9%) had told their autistic children about their diagnosis. Despite few parents (n = 163, 20.4%) receiving advice or support regarding the disclosure of the diagnosis, those that had disclosed felt satisfied with the process (n = 319, 84.2%) and felt confident in talking about autism with their children (n = 339, 92.4%). Those who had not told their autistic children about the diagnosis largely planned to discuss this with their child in the future (n = 100, 73.5%), felt confident in doing so (n = 95, 70.9%) and were satisfied with their decision (n = 95, 70.4%). Analysis of open-ended data, using thematic analysis, highlighted the importance of openness and the need to tailor explanations to individual children's needs, while acknowledging that disclosure could often be challenging for parents. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319836257 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=407

Perceptions of autistic and non-autistic adults in employment interviews: The role of impression management / Jade Eloise NORRIS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 112 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 112 (April 2024) . - p.102333 Titre : Perceptions of autistic and non-autistic adults in employment interviews: The role of impression management Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Jemma NICHOLSON, Auteur ; Rachel PROSSER, Auteur ; Jessica FARRELL, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Katie L. MARAS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.102333 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Employment  Interviews  Impression management  Non-verbal  Behavioral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Social communication and interaction differences can make employment interviews particularly challenging for autistic people, who may be less able to modulate their Impression Management (IM). This makes autism a relevant test case of the extent to which behavioral IM influences perceptions of job candidates. Method Two studies are reported. In Study 1, lay-raters watched a video of autistic and non-autistic mock candidates' interviews, and assessed their verbal, non-verbal, and para-verbal behaviors, and likelihood of social approach/avoidance. In Study 2, the presence of behavioral cues was manipulated by using either the interview videos (behavioral cues present) or transcripts (cues absent). Employers rated their overall impression of the candidates (e.g., perceived confidence, conscientiousness, competence, communication skills, etc). Results In study 1, autistic candidates were perceived as having a more monotonous tone of voice, being less composed and focused, and displaying less natural eye contact and gestures than their non-autistic counterparts, and received lower ratings for likelihood of social approach. For non-autistic interviewees, relationships were also found between ratings for verbal, para-verbal, and non-verbal behaviors, and social awkwardness and attractiveness. In study 2, non-autistic (but not autistic) interviewees received higher ratings of their confidence and communication skills when assessed by video than by transcript, but this advantage was not found for the autistic candidates. Conclusions Results indicate that observers may use different information when evaluating autistic compared with non-autistic interviewees, possibly due to qualitative differences in behavior. Implications of different behavioral presentations in autistic candidates are discussed, including the potential benefits of using transcripts or more structured interviews to enable recruiters to focus on interviewee answers, whilst being less influenced by non-verbal and para-verbal behaviors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102333 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Perceptions of autistic and non-autistic adults in employment interviews: The role of impression management [texte imprimé] / Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Jemma NICHOLSON, Auteur ; Rachel PROSSER, Auteur ; Jessica FARRELL, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Katie L. MARAS, Auteur . - p.102333. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 112 (April 2024) . - p.102333 Mots-clés : Autism  Employment  Interviews  Impression management  Non-verbal  Behavioral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Social communication and interaction differences can make employment interviews particularly challenging for autistic people, who may be less able to modulate their Impression Management (IM). This makes autism a relevant test case of the extent to which behavioral IM influences perceptions of job candidates. Method Two studies are reported. In Study 1, lay-raters watched a video of autistic and non-autistic mock candidates' interviews, and assessed their verbal, non-verbal, and para-verbal behaviors, and likelihood of social approach/avoidance. In Study 2, the presence of behavioral cues was manipulated by using either the interview videos (behavioral cues present) or transcripts (cues absent). Employers rated their overall impression of the candidates (e.g., perceived confidence, conscientiousness, competence, communication skills, etc). Results In study 1, autistic candidates were perceived as having a more monotonous tone of voice, being less composed and focused, and displaying less natural eye contact and gestures than their non-autistic counterparts, and received lower ratings for likelihood of social approach. For non-autistic interviewees, relationships were also found between ratings for verbal, para-verbal, and non-verbal behaviors, and social awkwardness and attractiveness. In study 2, non-autistic (but not autistic) interviewees received higher ratings of their confidence and communication skills when assessed by video than by transcript, but this advantage was not found for the autistic candidates. Conclusions Results indicate that observers may use different information when evaluating autistic compared with non-autistic interviewees, possibly due to qualitative differences in behavior. Implications of different behavioral presentations in autistic candidates are discussed, including the potential benefits of using transcripts or more structured interviews to enable recruiters to focus on interviewee answers, whilst being less influenced by non-verbal and para-verbal behaviors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102333 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

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