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Development of a gaze contingent method for auditory threshold evaluation in non-verbal ASD children / Brian SULLIVAN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 62 (June 2019)
[article]
Titre : Development of a gaze contingent method for auditory threshold evaluation in non-verbal ASD children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Brian SULLIVAN, Auteur ; C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; David SALDANA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.85-98 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children Audition Non-verbal Eye tracking Gaze contingent Perceptual threshold Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Minimally verbal children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) make up an estimated third of the ASD population (Downs et al., 2005), but have been understudied due to difficulties in running experiments with such participants. We sought to develop an instrument to evaluate auditory perception, with the goal of testing both typically developing (TD) and ASD children, including minimally verbal ASD. Audio difference thresholds are typically measured by an audiologist using visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) techniques, but this requires a trained clinician. Alternatively, mismatch negativity (MMN) via an electroencephalogram can provide an objective threshold measure and the participant can passively attend to stimuli. However, EEG equipment is expensive, and the procedure can be uncomfortable and difficult with anxious or touch sensitive participants. Method We developed a testing software for estimating auditory thresholds in children using a gaze contingent ‘game’. Our open source software uses an eye tracker, Matlab and child-oriented stimuli to automate aspects of VRA. Initial results suggest that audio thresholds can be obtained using our affordable non-invasive system, operated with minimal training, but refinement is necessary. Results Our method can obtain thresholds for most typical children, but data collection in young ASD children proved more challenging, yielding poor results, and will require further development to make the game more accessible. While promising, these results need to be corroborated with an alternate measure of difference threshold. Conclusion We document our efforts to design an effective interactive game to assess auditory perception using gaze-contingent eye-tracking methods; and provide case level insights on the testing individual participants and the heterogeneous ability and performance levels within ASD. We discuss the challenges experienced in testing and eye tracking both typical and ASD children to inform clinical and research groups to advance this promising line of research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.02.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 62 (June 2019) . - p.85-98[article] Development of a gaze contingent method for auditory threshold evaluation in non-verbal ASD children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brian SULLIVAN, Auteur ; C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; David SALDANA, Auteur . - p.85-98.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 62 (June 2019) . - p.85-98
Mots-clés : Children Audition Non-verbal Eye tracking Gaze contingent Perceptual threshold Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Minimally verbal children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) make up an estimated third of the ASD population (Downs et al., 2005), but have been understudied due to difficulties in running experiments with such participants. We sought to develop an instrument to evaluate auditory perception, with the goal of testing both typically developing (TD) and ASD children, including minimally verbal ASD. Audio difference thresholds are typically measured by an audiologist using visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) techniques, but this requires a trained clinician. Alternatively, mismatch negativity (MMN) via an electroencephalogram can provide an objective threshold measure and the participant can passively attend to stimuli. However, EEG equipment is expensive, and the procedure can be uncomfortable and difficult with anxious or touch sensitive participants. Method We developed a testing software for estimating auditory thresholds in children using a gaze contingent ‘game’. Our open source software uses an eye tracker, Matlab and child-oriented stimuli to automate aspects of VRA. Initial results suggest that audio thresholds can be obtained using our affordable non-invasive system, operated with minimal training, but refinement is necessary. Results Our method can obtain thresholds for most typical children, but data collection in young ASD children proved more challenging, yielding poor results, and will require further development to make the game more accessible. While promising, these results need to be corroborated with an alternate measure of difference threshold. Conclusion We document our efforts to design an effective interactive game to assess auditory perception using gaze-contingent eye-tracking methods; and provide case level insights on the testing individual participants and the heterogeneous ability and performance levels within ASD. We discuss the challenges experienced in testing and eye tracking both typical and ASD children to inform clinical and research groups to advance this promising line of research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.02.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389 Perceptions of autistic and non-autistic adults in employment interviews: The role of impression management / Jade Eloise NORRIS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 112 (April 2024)
[article]
Titre : Perceptions of autistic and non-autistic adults in employment interviews: The role of impression management Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Jemma NICHOLSON, Auteur ; Rachel PROSSER, Auteur ; Jessica FARRELL, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Katie MARAS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.102333 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Employment Interviews Impression management Non-verbal Behavioral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Social communication and interaction differences can make employment interviews particularly challenging for autistic people, who may be less able to modulate their Impression Management (IM). This makes autism a relevant test case of the extent to which behavioral IM influences perceptions of job candidates. Method Two studies are reported. In Study 1, lay-raters watched a video of autistic and non-autistic mock candidates' interviews, and assessed their verbal, non-verbal, and para-verbal behaviors, and likelihood of social approach/avoidance. In Study 2, the presence of behavioral cues was manipulated by using either the interview videos (behavioral cues present) or transcripts (cues absent). Employers rated their overall impression of the candidates (e.g., perceived confidence, conscientiousness, competence, communication skills, etc). Results In study 1, autistic candidates were perceived as having a more monotonous tone of voice, being less composed and focused, and displaying less natural eye contact and gestures than their non-autistic counterparts, and received lower ratings for likelihood of social approach. For non-autistic interviewees, relationships were also found between ratings for verbal, para-verbal, and non-verbal behaviors, and social awkwardness and attractiveness. In study 2, non-autistic (but not autistic) interviewees received higher ratings of their confidence and communication skills when assessed by video than by transcript, but this advantage was not found for the autistic candidates. Conclusions Results indicate that observers may use different information when evaluating autistic compared with non-autistic interviewees, possibly due to qualitative differences in behavior. Implications of different behavioral presentations in autistic candidates are discussed, including the potential benefits of using transcripts or more structured interviews to enable recruiters to focus on interviewee answers, whilst being less influenced by non-verbal and para-verbal behaviors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102333 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 112 (April 2024) . - p.102333[article] Perceptions of autistic and non-autistic adults in employment interviews: The role of impression management [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Jemma NICHOLSON, Auteur ; Rachel PROSSER, Auteur ; Jessica FARRELL, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Katie MARAS, Auteur . - p.102333.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 112 (April 2024) . - p.102333
Mots-clés : Autism Employment Interviews Impression management Non-verbal Behavioral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Social communication and interaction differences can make employment interviews particularly challenging for autistic people, who may be less able to modulate their Impression Management (IM). This makes autism a relevant test case of the extent to which behavioral IM influences perceptions of job candidates. Method Two studies are reported. In Study 1, lay-raters watched a video of autistic and non-autistic mock candidates' interviews, and assessed their verbal, non-verbal, and para-verbal behaviors, and likelihood of social approach/avoidance. In Study 2, the presence of behavioral cues was manipulated by using either the interview videos (behavioral cues present) or transcripts (cues absent). Employers rated their overall impression of the candidates (e.g., perceived confidence, conscientiousness, competence, communication skills, etc). Results In study 1, autistic candidates were perceived as having a more monotonous tone of voice, being less composed and focused, and displaying less natural eye contact and gestures than their non-autistic counterparts, and received lower ratings for likelihood of social approach. For non-autistic interviewees, relationships were also found between ratings for verbal, para-verbal, and non-verbal behaviors, and social awkwardness and attractiveness. In study 2, non-autistic (but not autistic) interviewees received higher ratings of their confidence and communication skills when assessed by video than by transcript, but this advantage was not found for the autistic candidates. Conclusions Results indicate that observers may use different information when evaluating autistic compared with non-autistic interviewees, possibly due to qualitative differences in behavior. Implications of different behavioral presentations in autistic candidates are discussed, including the potential benefits of using transcripts or more structured interviews to enable recruiters to focus on interviewee answers, whilst being less influenced by non-verbal and para-verbal behaviors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102333 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 Communication non verbale et communication paraverbale / Agnès BRABANT in Rééducation Orthophonique, 251 (Septembre 2012)
[article]
Titre : Communication non verbale et communication paraverbale Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Agnès BRABANT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.33-39 Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : Communication non-verbal paraverbal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pour arriver à bien déterminer notre place dans la relation avec le patient, les différentes communications ainsi que les situations relationnelles et les enjeux territoriaux seront développés. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=183
in Rééducation Orthophonique > 251 (Septembre 2012) . - p.33-39[article] Communication non verbale et communication paraverbale [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Agnès BRABANT, Auteur . - p.33-39.
Langues : Français (fre)
in Rééducation Orthophonique > 251 (Septembre 2012) . - p.33-39
Mots-clés : Communication non-verbal paraverbal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pour arriver à bien déterminer notre place dans la relation avec le patient, les différentes communications ainsi que les situations relationnelles et les enjeux territoriaux seront développés. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=183 Les enveloppes groupales ou les différents mouvements de l’intersubjectivité en groupe / Denis MELLIER in Thérapie psychomotrice et recherches, 178 (2014)
[article]
Titre : Les enveloppes groupales ou les différents mouvements de l’intersubjectivité en groupe Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Denis MELLIER, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p.54-67 Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : Fonction contenante Enveloppe psychique Groupe Intersubjectivité Bébé Non-verbal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : La problématique de la fonction contenante qui conditionne les capacités d’associer, d’éprouver et de penser, repose sur l’établissement d’enveloppes psychiques. Nous montrerons ainsi qu’une enveloppe psychique se définit plus profondément par un mode de communication à l’autre, en nous appuyant successivement sur les travaux d’Ophélia Avron, de Didier Anzieu, Didier Houzel e Geneviève Haag ainsi que sur les expériences et connaissances qui se développent chez les bébés. Nous ferons l’hypothèse que les enveloppes psychiques groupales pourraient se décliner en différents mouvements intersubjectifs, en différents modes d’être ensemble, modalités de sentir, d’éprouver, d’agir ou de parler plus ou moins partageables. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=261
in Thérapie psychomotrice et recherches > 178 (2014) . - p.54-67[article] Les enveloppes groupales ou les différents mouvements de l’intersubjectivité en groupe [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Denis MELLIER, Auteur . - 2014 . - p.54-67.
Langues : Français (fre)
in Thérapie psychomotrice et recherches > 178 (2014) . - p.54-67
Mots-clés : Fonction contenante Enveloppe psychique Groupe Intersubjectivité Bébé Non-verbal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : La problématique de la fonction contenante qui conditionne les capacités d’associer, d’éprouver et de penser, repose sur l’établissement d’enveloppes psychiques. Nous montrerons ainsi qu’une enveloppe psychique se définit plus profondément par un mode de communication à l’autre, en nous appuyant successivement sur les travaux d’Ophélia Avron, de Didier Anzieu, Didier Houzel e Geneviève Haag ainsi que sur les expériences et connaissances qui se développent chez les bébés. Nous ferons l’hypothèse que les enveloppes psychiques groupales pourraient se décliner en différents mouvements intersubjectifs, en différents modes d’être ensemble, modalités de sentir, d’éprouver, d’agir ou de parler plus ou moins partageables. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=261