
- <Centre d'Information et de documentation du CRA Rhône-Alpes
- CRA
- Informations pratiques
-
Adresse
Centre d'information et de documentation
Horaires
du CRA Rhône-Alpes
Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier
bât 211
95, Bd Pinel
69678 Bron CedexLundi au Vendredi
Contact
9h00-12h00 13h30-16h00Tél: +33(0)4 37 91 54 65
Mail
Fax: +33(0)4 37 91 54 37
-
Adresse
Détail de l'auteur
Auteur David WILLIAMS |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (16)



Brief Report: Predicting Inner Speech Use Amongst Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): The Roles of Verbal Ability and Cognitive Profile / David WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40-7 (July 2010)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Brief Report: Predicting Inner Speech Use Amongst Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): The Roles of Verbal Ability and Cognitive Profile Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Christopher JARROLD, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.907-913 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Inner-speech Verbal-mediation Short-term-memory Cognitive-Profile Verbal-mental-age Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies of inner speech use in ASD have produced conflicting results. Lidstone et al., J Autism Dev Disord (2009) hypothesised that Cognitive Profile (i.e., discrepancy between non-verbal and verbal abilities) is a predictor of inner speech use amongst children with ASD. They suggested other, contradictory results might be explained in terms of the different composition of ASD samples (in terms of Cognitive Profile) in each study. To test this, we conducted a new analysis of Williams et al.’s, J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48(1): 51–58 (2008) data on inner speech use in ASD. This revealed verbal ability predicted inner speech use on a short-term memory task over and above Cognitive Profile, but not vice versa. This suggests multiple factors determine whether children with ASD employ verbal mediation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-0936-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=108
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 40-7 (July 2010) . - p.907-913[article] Brief Report: Predicting Inner Speech Use Amongst Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): The Roles of Verbal Ability and Cognitive Profile [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Christopher JARROLD, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.907-913.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 40-7 (July 2010) . - p.907-913
Mots-clés : Autism Inner-speech Verbal-mediation Short-term-memory Cognitive-Profile Verbal-mental-age Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies of inner speech use in ASD have produced conflicting results. Lidstone et al., J Autism Dev Disord (2009) hypothesised that Cognitive Profile (i.e., discrepancy between non-verbal and verbal abilities) is a predictor of inner speech use amongst children with ASD. They suggested other, contradictory results might be explained in terms of the different composition of ASD samples (in terms of Cognitive Profile) in each study. To test this, we conducted a new analysis of Williams et al.’s, J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48(1): 51–58 (2008) data on inner speech use in ASD. This revealed verbal ability predicted inner speech use on a short-term memory task over and above Cognitive Profile, but not vice versa. This suggests multiple factors determine whether children with ASD employ verbal mediation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-0936-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=108 Emotional Processing of Ironic Versus Literal Criticism in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults: Evidence From Eye-Tracking / Mahsa BARZY in Autism Research, 13-4 (April 2020)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Emotional Processing of Ironic Versus Literal Criticism in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults: Evidence From Eye-Tracking Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; Ruth FILIK, Auteur ; David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Heather J. FERGUSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.563-578 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism emotion eye-tracking irony language comprehension perspective sarcasm Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Typically developing adults are able to keep track of story characters' emotional states online while reading. Filik et al. showed that initially, participants expected the victim to be more hurt by ironic comments than literal, but later considered them less hurtful; ironic comments were regarded as more amusing. We examined these processes in autistic adults, since previous research has demonstrated socio-emotional difficulties among autistic people, which may lead to problems processing irony and its related emotional processes despite an intact ability to integrate language in context. We recorded eye movements from autistic and nonautistic adults while they read narratives in which a character (the victim) was either criticized in an ironic or a literal manner by another character (the protagonist). A target sentence then either described the victim as feeling hurt/amused by the comment, or the protagonist as having intended to hurt/amused the victim by making the comment. Results from the nonautistic adults broadly replicated the key findings from Filik et al., supporting the two-stage account. Importantly, the autistic adults did not show comparable two-stage processing of ironic language; they did not differentiate between the emotional responses for victims or protagonists following ironic versus literal criticism. These findings suggest that autistic people experience a specific difficulty taking into account other peoples' communicative intentions (i.e., infer their mental state) to appropriately anticipate emotional responses to an ironic comment. We discuss how these difficulties might link to atypical socio-emotional processing in autism, and the ability to maintain successful real-life social interactions. Autism Res 2020, 13: 563-578. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In line with research showing that autistic people have difficulties considering others' mental states, we found autistic adults were impaired at distinguishing the emotions and intentions experienced by story characters who received sarcastic comments (e.g., "That was fantastic parking" in a context where someone's parking was particularly bad). These findings highlight the difficulties that autistic people experience taking into account other peoples' intentions during communication to appropriately anticipate their emotional responses. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2272 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421
in Autism Research > 13-4 (April 2020) . - p.563-578[article] Emotional Processing of Ironic Versus Literal Criticism in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults: Evidence From Eye-Tracking [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; Ruth FILIK, Auteur ; David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Heather J. FERGUSON, Auteur . - p.563-578.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 13-4 (April 2020) . - p.563-578
Mots-clés : autism emotion eye-tracking irony language comprehension perspective sarcasm Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Typically developing adults are able to keep track of story characters' emotional states online while reading. Filik et al. showed that initially, participants expected the victim to be more hurt by ironic comments than literal, but later considered them less hurtful; ironic comments were regarded as more amusing. We examined these processes in autistic adults, since previous research has demonstrated socio-emotional difficulties among autistic people, which may lead to problems processing irony and its related emotional processes despite an intact ability to integrate language in context. We recorded eye movements from autistic and nonautistic adults while they read narratives in which a character (the victim) was either criticized in an ironic or a literal manner by another character (the protagonist). A target sentence then either described the victim as feeling hurt/amused by the comment, or the protagonist as having intended to hurt/amused the victim by making the comment. Results from the nonautistic adults broadly replicated the key findings from Filik et al., supporting the two-stage account. Importantly, the autistic adults did not show comparable two-stage processing of ironic language; they did not differentiate between the emotional responses for victims or protagonists following ironic versus literal criticism. These findings suggest that autistic people experience a specific difficulty taking into account other peoples' communicative intentions (i.e., infer their mental state) to appropriately anticipate emotional responses to an ironic comment. We discuss how these difficulties might link to atypical socio-emotional processing in autism, and the ability to maintain successful real-life social interactions. Autism Res 2020, 13: 563-578. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In line with research showing that autistic people have difficulties considering others' mental states, we found autistic adults were impaired at distinguishing the emotions and intentions experienced by story characters who received sarcastic comments (e.g., "That was fantastic parking" in a context where someone's parking was particularly bad). These findings highlight the difficulties that autistic people experience taking into account other peoples' intentions during communication to appropriately anticipate their emotional responses. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2272 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421 Inner speech is used to mediate short-term memory, but not planning, among intellectually high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder / David WILLIAMS in Development and Psychopathology, 24-1 (January 2012)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Inner speech is used to mediate short-term memory, but not planning, among intellectually high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Christopher JARROLD, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.225-239 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence regarding the use of inner speech by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is equivocal. To clarify this issue, the current study employed multiple techniques and tasks used across several previous studies. In Experiment 1, participants with and without ASD showed highly similar patterns and levels of serial recall for visually presented stimuli. Both groups were significantly affected by the phonological similarity of items to be recalled, indicating that visual material was spontaneously recoded into a verbal form. Confirming that short-term memory is typically verbally mediated among the majority of people with ASD, recall performance among both groups declined substantially when inner speech use was prevented by the imposition of articulatory suppression during the presentation of stimuli. In Experiment 2, planning performance on a tower of London task was substantially detrimentally affected by articulatory suppression among comparison participants, but not among participants with ASD. This suggests that planning is not verbally mediated in ASD. It is important that the extent to which articulatory suppression affected planning among participants with ASD was uniquely associated with the degree of their observed and self-reported communication impairments. This confirms a link between interpersonal communication with others and intrapersonal communication with self as a means of higher order problem solving. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000794 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152
in Development and Psychopathology > 24-1 (January 2012) . - p.225-239[article] Inner speech is used to mediate short-term memory, but not planning, among intellectually high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Christopher JARROLD, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.225-239.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 24-1 (January 2012) . - p.225-239
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence regarding the use of inner speech by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is equivocal. To clarify this issue, the current study employed multiple techniques and tasks used across several previous studies. In Experiment 1, participants with and without ASD showed highly similar patterns and levels of serial recall for visually presented stimuli. Both groups were significantly affected by the phonological similarity of items to be recalled, indicating that visual material was spontaneously recoded into a verbal form. Confirming that short-term memory is typically verbally mediated among the majority of people with ASD, recall performance among both groups declined substantially when inner speech use was prevented by the imposition of articulatory suppression during the presentation of stimuli. In Experiment 2, planning performance on a tower of London task was substantially detrimentally affected by articulatory suppression among comparison participants, but not among participants with ASD. This suggests that planning is not verbally mediated in ASD. It is important that the extent to which articulatory suppression affected planning among participants with ASD was uniquely associated with the degree of their observed and self-reported communication impairments. This confirms a link between interpersonal communication with others and intrapersonal communication with self as a means of higher order problem solving. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000794 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152 Intact inner speech use in autism spectrum disorder: evidence from a short-term memory task / David WILLIAMS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-1 (January 2008)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Intact inner speech use in autism spectrum disorder: evidence from a short-term memory task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Christopher JARROLD, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.51–58 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Inner speech has been linked to higher-order cognitive processes including ‘theory of mind’, self-awareness and executive functioning, all of which are impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD, themselves, report a propensity for visual rather than verbal modes of thinking. This study explored the extent to which children with ASD used inner speech or visual imagery to support recall from short-term memory.
Method: Twenty-five children with ASD and 20 comparison children with moderate learning disabilities completed an immediate serial recall task, in which stimuli consisted of items with either phonologically similar features, visuo-spatially similar features or control items which were neither visuo-spatially nor phonologically similar.
Results: ASD and comparison participants, with verbal mental ages above 7 years, recalled phonologically similar stimuli less well than control stimuli, indicating that both groups were using inner speech to recode visually presented information into a phonological code. In contrast, those participants with verbal mental ages below 7 years, whether with ASD or not, recalled visuo-spatially similar stimuli less well than control stimuli, indicating visual rather than phonological coding. This developmental pattern mirrors that found in typically developing children.
Conclusions: Under experimental conditions, individuals with ASD use inner speech to the same extent as individuals without ASD of a comparable mental age.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01836.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-1 (January 2008) . - p.51–58[article] Intact inner speech use in autism spectrum disorder: evidence from a short-term memory task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Christopher JARROLD, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.51–58.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-1 (January 2008) . - p.51–58
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Inner speech has been linked to higher-order cognitive processes including ‘theory of mind’, self-awareness and executive functioning, all of which are impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD, themselves, report a propensity for visual rather than verbal modes of thinking. This study explored the extent to which children with ASD used inner speech or visual imagery to support recall from short-term memory.
Method: Twenty-five children with ASD and 20 comparison children with moderate learning disabilities completed an immediate serial recall task, in which stimuli consisted of items with either phonologically similar features, visuo-spatially similar features or control items which were neither visuo-spatially nor phonologically similar.
Results: ASD and comparison participants, with verbal mental ages above 7 years, recalled phonologically similar stimuli less well than control stimuli, indicating that both groups were using inner speech to recode visually presented information into a phonological code. In contrast, those participants with verbal mental ages below 7 years, whether with ASD or not, recalled visuo-spatially similar stimuli less well than control stimuli, indicating visual rather than phonological coding. This developmental pattern mirrors that found in typically developing children.
Conclusions: Under experimental conditions, individuals with ASD use inner speech to the same extent as individuals without ASD of a comparable mental age.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01836.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 Is verbal reference impaired in autism spectrum disorder? A systematic review / Louise MALKIN in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 3 (January-December 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Is verbal reference impaired in autism spectrum disorder? A systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Louise MALKIN, Auteur ; Kirsten ABBOT-SMITH, Auteur ; David WILLIAMS, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and aimsPragmatic language is a key difficulty in autism spectrum disorder. One such pragmatic skill is verbal reference, which allows the current entity of shared interest between speakers to be identified and thus enables fluid conversation. The aim of this review was to determine the extent to which studies have found that verbal reference is impaired in autism spectrum disorder. We organise the review in terms of the methodology used and the modality (production versus comprehension) in which proficiency with verbal reference was assessed. Evidence for the potential cognitive underpinnings of these skills is also reviewed.Main contribution and methodsTo our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of verbal reference in autism spectrum disorder. PsychINFO and Web of Science were systematically screened using the combination of search terms outlined in this paper. Twenty-four studies met our inclusion criteria. Twenty-two of these examined production, whereby the methodology ranged from elicited conversation through to elicited narrative, the ?director? task and other referential communication paradigms. Three studies examined reference interpretation. (One study investigated both production and appropriacy judgement). Four studies examined the relationship between appropriate usage of verbal reference and formal language (lexico-syntactic ability). Two studies investigated whether reference production related to Theory of Mind or Executive Functioning.Conclusion and implicationsAcross a range of elicited production tasks, the predominant finding was that children and adults with autism spectrum disorder demonstrate a deficit in the production of appropriate verbal reference in comparison not only to typically developing groups, but also to groups with Developmental Language Disorder or Down syndrome. In contrast, the studies of reference interpretation which compared performance to typical control groups all found no between-group differences in this regard. To understand this cross-modality discrepancy, we need studies with the same sample of individuals, whereby the task requirements for comprehension and production are as closely matched as possible. The field also requires the development of experimental manipulations which allow us to pinpoint precisely if and how each comprehension and/or production task requires mentalising and/or various components of executive functioning. Only through such detailed and controlled experimental work would it be possible to determine the precise location of impairments in verbal reference in autism spectrum disorder. A better understanding of this would contribute to the development of interventions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941518763166 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387
in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments > 3 (January-December 2018)[article] Is verbal reference impaired in autism spectrum disorder? A systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Louise MALKIN, Auteur ; Kirsten ABBOT-SMITH, Auteur ; David WILLIAMS, Auteur.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments > 3 (January-December 2018)
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and aimsPragmatic language is a key difficulty in autism spectrum disorder. One such pragmatic skill is verbal reference, which allows the current entity of shared interest between speakers to be identified and thus enables fluid conversation. The aim of this review was to determine the extent to which studies have found that verbal reference is impaired in autism spectrum disorder. We organise the review in terms of the methodology used and the modality (production versus comprehension) in which proficiency with verbal reference was assessed. Evidence for the potential cognitive underpinnings of these skills is also reviewed.Main contribution and methodsTo our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of verbal reference in autism spectrum disorder. PsychINFO and Web of Science were systematically screened using the combination of search terms outlined in this paper. Twenty-four studies met our inclusion criteria. Twenty-two of these examined production, whereby the methodology ranged from elicited conversation through to elicited narrative, the ?director? task and other referential communication paradigms. Three studies examined reference interpretation. (One study investigated both production and appropriacy judgement). Four studies examined the relationship between appropriate usage of verbal reference and formal language (lexico-syntactic ability). Two studies investigated whether reference production related to Theory of Mind or Executive Functioning.Conclusion and implicationsAcross a range of elicited production tasks, the predominant finding was that children and adults with autism spectrum disorder demonstrate a deficit in the production of appropriate verbal reference in comparison not only to typically developing groups, but also to groups with Developmental Language Disorder or Down syndrome. In contrast, the studies of reference interpretation which compared performance to typical control groups all found no between-group differences in this regard. To understand this cross-modality discrepancy, we need studies with the same sample of individuals, whereby the task requirements for comprehension and production are as closely matched as possible. The field also requires the development of experimental manipulations which allow us to pinpoint precisely if and how each comprehension and/or production task requires mentalising and/or various components of executive functioning. Only through such detailed and controlled experimental work would it be possible to determine the precise location of impairments in verbal reference in autism spectrum disorder. A better understanding of this would contribute to the development of interventions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941518763166 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 J. Boucher: The Autistic Spectrum: Characteristics, Causes, and Practical Issues / David WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-12 (December 2011)
![]()
PermalinkMentalising Moderates the Link between Autism Traits and Current Gender Dysphoric Features in Primarily Non-autistic, Cisgender Individuals / Aimilia KALLITSOUNAKI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-11 (November 2020)
![]()
PermalinkNon-word Repetition Impairment in Autism and Specific Language Impairment: Evidence for Distinct Underlying Cognitive Causes / David WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-2 (February 2013)
![]()
PermalinkPre-Conceptual Aspects of Self-Awareness in Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Case of Action-Monitoring / David WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-2 (February 2009)
![]()
PermalinkRecognising ‘social’ and ‘non-social’ emotions in self and others: A study of autism / David WILLIAMS in Autism, 14-4 (July 2010)
![]()
PermalinkA Relation Between Autism Traits and Gender Self-concept: Evidence from Explicit and Implicit Measures / Aimilia KALLITSOUNAKI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-2 (February 2020)
![]()
PermalinkTemporal Cognition in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Tests of Diachronic Thinking / Jill BOUCHER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-8 (September 2007)
![]()
PermalinkTheory of own mind in autism: Evidence of a specific deficit in self-awareness? / David WILLIAMS in Autism, 14-5 (September 2010)
![]()
PermalinkTime-Based and Event-Based Prospective Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Roles of Executive Function and Theory of Mind, and Time-Estimation / David WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-7 (July 2013)
![]()
PermalinkWhat Did I Say? Versus What Did I Think? Attributing False Beliefs to Self Amongst Children With and Without Autism / David WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-6 (June 2009)
![]()
Permalink