Autism screening and diagnosis in low resource settings: Challenges and opportunities to enhance research and services worldwide / Maureen S. DURKIN in Autism Research, 8-5 (October 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-5 (October 2015) . - p.473-476 Titre : Autism screening and diagnosis in low resource settings: Challenges and opportunities to enhance research and services worldwide Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maureen S. DURKIN, Auteur ; Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; Josephine BARBARO, Auteur ; Melissa GLADSTONE, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Alexia RATTAZZI, Auteur ; Jennifer STAPEL-WAX, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; Audrey THURM, Auteur ; Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.473-476 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : diagnosis  early detection  epidemiology  intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most research into the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of autism is based on studies in high income countries. Moreover, within high income countries, individuals of high socioeconomic status are disproportionately represented among participants in autism research. Corresponding disparities in access to autism screening, diagnosis, and treatment exist globally. One of the barriers perpetuating this imbalance is the high cost of proprietary tools for diagnosing autism and for delivering evidence-based therapies. Another barrier is the high cost of training of professionals and para-professionals to use the tools. Open-source and open access models provide a way to facilitate global collaboration and training. Using these models and technologies, the autism scientific community and clinicians worldwide should be able to work more effectively and efficiently than they have to date to address the global imbalance in autism knowledge and at the same time advance our understanding of autism and our ability to deliver cost-effective services to everyone in need. Autism Res 2015, 8: 473–476. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1575 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269 [article] Autism screening and diagnosis in low resource settings: Challenges and opportunities to enhance research and services worldwide [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maureen S. DURKIN, Auteur ; Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; Josephine BARBARO, Auteur ; Melissa GLADSTONE, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Alexia RATTAZZI, Auteur ; Jennifer STAPEL-WAX, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; Audrey THURM, Auteur ; Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur . - p.473-476. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-5 (October 2015) . - p.473-476 Mots-clés : diagnosis  early detection  epidemiology  intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most research into the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of autism is based on studies in high income countries. Moreover, within high income countries, individuals of high socioeconomic status are disproportionately represented among participants in autism research. Corresponding disparities in access to autism screening, diagnosis, and treatment exist globally. One of the barriers perpetuating this imbalance is the high cost of proprietary tools for diagnosing autism and for delivering evidence-based therapies. Another barrier is the high cost of training of professionals and para-professionals to use the tools. Open-source and open access models provide a way to facilitate global collaboration and training. Using these models and technologies, the autism scientific community and clinicians worldwide should be able to work more effectively and efficiently than they have to date to address the global imbalance in autism knowledge and at the same time advance our understanding of autism and our ability to deliver cost-effective services to everyone in need. Autism Res 2015, 8: 473–476. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1575 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269

Editorial Perspective: Stop describing and start fixing - the promise of longitudinal intervention cohorts / Mark TOMLINSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-12 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-12 (December 2020) . - p.1388-1390 Titre : Editorial Perspective: Stop describing and start fixing - the promise of longitudinal intervention cohorts Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur ; Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur ; Joan CHRISTODOULOU, Auteur ; Mary Jane ROTHERAM-BORUS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1388-1390 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13213 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434 [article] Editorial Perspective: Stop describing and start fixing - the promise of longitudinal intervention cohorts [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur ; Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur ; Joan CHRISTODOULOU, Auteur ; Mary Jane ROTHERAM-BORUS, Auteur . - p.1388-1390. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-12 (December 2020) . - p.1388-1390 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13213 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434

Long-term associations between early attachment and parenting and adolescent susceptibility to post-traumatic distress in a South African high-risk sample / Sarah L. HALLIGAN ; Rachel HILLER ; Sarah SKEEN ; Mark TOMLINSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-7 (July 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-7 (July 2024) . - p.921-931 Titre : Long-term associations between early attachment and parenting and adolescent susceptibility to post-traumatic distress in a South African high-risk sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah L. HALLIGAN, Auteur ; Rachel HILLER, Auteur ; Sarah SKEEN, Auteur ; Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.921-931 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background It has been proposed that children and young people living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are not only exposed more frequently to trauma but also have a higher likelihood of encountering traumas of greater severity than those living in high-income countries (HICs). This may lead to higher rates of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, developmental pathways to risk or resilience after trauma exposure in LMICs are underresearched. Methods We examined early parenting and attachment as potentially important formative factors for later stress reactivity in a longitudinal cohort of South African children (N = 449). Parenting and attachment were assessed at child age 18?months, and interpersonal trauma exposure, PTSS and parenting stress were measured at 13?years (N = 333; core sample with data on all measures: N = 213). Following a vulnerability-stress approach, separate regression models were run to investigate whether parent-child attachment at 18?months, parental sensitivity and intrusiveness during play at 12?months, and current parenting stress at 13?years, interacted with adolescents' extent of interpersonal trauma exposure to predict their PTSS levels at 13?years. Results We found no predictive effects of either early attachment or current parenting stress in relation to child PTSS. There was some evidence for predictive influences of parental early intrusiveness and sensitivity on adolescent outcomes, though associations were unexpectedly positive for the latter. No interaction effects supporting a vulnerability-stress model were found. Conclusions Overall, we found limited evidence that elements of the early parent-child environment predict child risk/resilience to trauma in LMIC children. Future studies should include more frequent assessments of relevant constructs to capture changes over time and consider further what comprises adaptive parenting in high-risk contexts. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=532 [article] Long-term associations between early attachment and parenting and adolescent susceptibility to post-traumatic distress in a South African high-risk sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah L. HALLIGAN, Auteur ; Rachel HILLER, Auteur ; Sarah SKEEN, Auteur ; Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur . - p.921-931. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-7 (July 2024) . - p.921-931 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background It has been proposed that children and young people living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are not only exposed more frequently to trauma but also have a higher likelihood of encountering traumas of greater severity than those living in high-income countries (HICs). This may lead to higher rates of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, developmental pathways to risk or resilience after trauma exposure in LMICs are underresearched. Methods We examined early parenting and attachment as potentially important formative factors for later stress reactivity in a longitudinal cohort of South African children (N = 449). Parenting and attachment were assessed at child age 18?months, and interpersonal trauma exposure, PTSS and parenting stress were measured at 13?years (N = 333; core sample with data on all measures: N = 213). Following a vulnerability-stress approach, separate regression models were run to investigate whether parent-child attachment at 18?months, parental sensitivity and intrusiveness during play at 12?months, and current parenting stress at 13?years, interacted with adolescents' extent of interpersonal trauma exposure to predict their PTSS levels at 13?years. Results We found no predictive effects of either early attachment or current parenting stress in relation to child PTSS. There was some evidence for predictive influences of parental early intrusiveness and sensitivity on adolescent outcomes, though associations were unexpectedly positive for the latter. No interaction effects supporting a vulnerability-stress model were found. Conclusions Overall, we found limited evidence that elements of the early parent-child environment predict child risk/resilience to trauma in LMIC children. Future studies should include more frequent assessments of relevant constructs to capture changes over time and consider further what comprises adaptive parenting in high-risk contexts. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=532

Poverty, early care, and stress reactivity in adolescence: Findings from a prospective, longitudinal study in South Africa / Richard M. PASCO FEARON in Development and Psychopathology, 29-2 (May 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 29-2 (May 2017) . - p.449-464 Titre : Poverty, early care, and stress reactivity in adolescence: Findings from a prospective, longitudinal study in South Africa Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur ; Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur ; Robert KUMSTA, Auteur ; Sarah SKEEN, Auteur ; Lynne MURRAY, Auteur ; Peter J. COOPER, Auteur ; Barak MORGAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.449-464 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A considerable body of evidence suggests that early caregiving may affect the short-term functioning and longer term development of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis. Despite this, most research to date has been cross-sectional in nature or restricted to relatively short-term longitudinal follow-ups. More important, there is a paucity of research on the role of caregiving in low- and middle-income countries, where the protective effects of high-quality care in buffering the child's developing stress regulation systems may be crucial. In this paper, we report findings from a longitudinal study (N = 232) conducted in an impoverished periurban settlement in Cape Town, South Africa. We measured caregiving sensitivity and security of attachment in infancy and followed children up at age 13 years, when we conducted assessments of hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenocortical axis reactivity, as indexed by salivary cortisol during the Trier Social Stress Test. The findings indicated that insecure attachment was predictive of reduced cortisol responses to social stress, particularly in boys, and that attachment status moderated the impact of contextual adversity on stress responses: secure children in highly adverse circumstances did not show the blunted cortisol response shown by their insecure counterparts. Some evidence was found that sensitivity of care in infancy was also associated with cortisol reactivity, but in this case, insensitivity was associated with heightened cortisol reactivity, and only for girls. The discussion focuses on the potentially important role of caregiving in the long-term calibration of the stress system and the need to better understand the social and biological mechanisms shaping the stress response across development in low- and middle-income countries. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417000104 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Poverty, early care, and stress reactivity in adolescence: Findings from a prospective, longitudinal study in South Africa [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur ; Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur ; Robert KUMSTA, Auteur ; Sarah SKEEN, Auteur ; Lynne MURRAY, Auteur ; Peter J. COOPER, Auteur ; Barak MORGAN, Auteur . - p.449-464. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 29-2 (May 2017) . - p.449-464 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A considerable body of evidence suggests that early caregiving may affect the short-term functioning and longer term development of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis. Despite this, most research to date has been cross-sectional in nature or restricted to relatively short-term longitudinal follow-ups. More important, there is a paucity of research on the role of caregiving in low- and middle-income countries, where the protective effects of high-quality care in buffering the child's developing stress regulation systems may be crucial. In this paper, we report findings from a longitudinal study (N = 232) conducted in an impoverished periurban settlement in Cape Town, South Africa. We measured caregiving sensitivity and security of attachment in infancy and followed children up at age 13 years, when we conducted assessments of hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenocortical axis reactivity, as indexed by salivary cortisol during the Trier Social Stress Test. The findings indicated that insecure attachment was predictive of reduced cortisol responses to social stress, particularly in boys, and that attachment status moderated the impact of contextual adversity on stress responses: secure children in highly adverse circumstances did not show the blunted cortisol response shown by their insecure counterparts. Some evidence was found that sensitivity of care in infancy was also associated with cortisol reactivity, but in this case, insensitivity was associated with heightened cortisol reactivity, and only for girls. The discussion focuses on the potentially important role of caregiving in the long-term calibration of the stress system and the need to better understand the social and biological mechanisms shaping the stress response across development in low- and middle-income countries. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417000104 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Randomized controlled trial of a book-sharing intervention in a deprived South African community: effects on carer–infant interactions, and their relation to infant cognitive and socioemotional outcome / Lynne MURRAY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-12 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-12 (December 2016) . - p.1370-1379 Titre : Randomized controlled trial of a book-sharing intervention in a deprived South African community: effects on carer–infant interactions, and their relation to infant cognitive and socioemotional outcome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lynne MURRAY, Auteur ; Leonardo DE PASCALIS, Auteur ; Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur ; Zahir VALLY, Auteur ; Harold DADOMO, Auteur ; Brenda MACLACHLAN, Auteur ; Charlotte WOODWARD, Auteur ; Peter J. COOPER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1370-1379 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Parent–child interactions  prosocial behaviour  attention  language  parent training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Consistent with evidence from high-income countries (HICs), we previously showed that, in an informal peri-urban settlement in a low-middle income country, training parents in book sharing with their infants benefitted infant language and attention (Vally, Murray, Tomlinson, & Cooper, ). Here, we investigated whether these benefits were explained by improvements in carer–infant interactions in both book-sharing and non-book-sharing contexts. We also explored whether infant socioemotional development benefitted from book sharing. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Carers of 14–16-month-old infants were randomized to 8 weeks’ training in book sharing (n = 49) or a wait-list control group (n = 42). In addition to the cognitive measures reported previously, independent assessments were made at base line and follow-up of carer–infant interactions during book sharing and toy play. Assessments were also made, at follow-up only, of infant prosocial behaviour in a ‘help task’, and of infant imitation of doll characters’ nonsocial actions and an interpersonal interaction. Eighty-two carer–infant pairs (90%) were assessed at follow-up. (Trial registration ISRCTN39953901). Results Carers who received the training showed significant improvements in book-sharing interactions (sensitivity, elaborations, reciprocity), and, to a smaller extent, in toy-play interactions (sensitivity). Infants in the intervention group showed a significantly higher rate of prosocial behaviour, and tended to show more frequent imitation of the interpersonal interaction. Improvements in carer behaviour during book sharing, but not during toy play, mediated intervention effects on all infant cognitive outcomes, and tended to mediate intervention effects on infant interpersonal imitation. Conclusions Training in book sharing, a simple, inexpensive intervention that has been shown to benefit infant cognitive development in a low-middle income country, also shows promise for improving infant socioemotional outcomes in this context. Benefits are mediated by improvements in carer–infant interactions, particularly in book-sharing contexts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12605 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297 [article] Randomized controlled trial of a book-sharing intervention in a deprived South African community: effects on carer–infant interactions, and their relation to infant cognitive and socioemotional outcome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lynne MURRAY, Auteur ; Leonardo DE PASCALIS, Auteur ; Mark TOMLINSON, Auteur ; Zahir VALLY, Auteur ; Harold DADOMO, Auteur ; Brenda MACLACHLAN, Auteur ; Charlotte WOODWARD, Auteur ; Peter J. COOPER, Auteur . - p.1370-1379. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-12 (December 2016) . - p.1370-1379 Mots-clés : Parent–child interactions  prosocial behaviour  attention  language  parent training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Consistent with evidence from high-income countries (HICs), we previously showed that, in an informal peri-urban settlement in a low-middle income country, training parents in book sharing with their infants benefitted infant language and attention (Vally, Murray, Tomlinson, & Cooper, ). Here, we investigated whether these benefits were explained by improvements in carer–infant interactions in both book-sharing and non-book-sharing contexts. We also explored whether infant socioemotional development benefitted from book sharing. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Carers of 14–16-month-old infants were randomized to 8 weeks’ training in book sharing (n = 49) or a wait-list control group (n = 42). In addition to the cognitive measures reported previously, independent assessments were made at base line and follow-up of carer–infant interactions during book sharing and toy play. Assessments were also made, at follow-up only, of infant prosocial behaviour in a ‘help task’, and of infant imitation of doll characters’ nonsocial actions and an interpersonal interaction. Eighty-two carer–infant pairs (90%) were assessed at follow-up. (Trial registration ISRCTN39953901). Results Carers who received the training showed significant improvements in book-sharing interactions (sensitivity, elaborations, reciprocity), and, to a smaller extent, in toy-play interactions (sensitivity). Infants in the intervention group showed a significantly higher rate of prosocial behaviour, and tended to show more frequent imitation of the interpersonal interaction. Improvements in carer behaviour during book sharing, but not during toy play, mediated intervention effects on all infant cognitive outcomes, and tended to mediate intervention effects on infant interpersonal imitation. Conclusions Training in book sharing, a simple, inexpensive intervention that has been shown to benefit infant cognitive development in a low-middle income country, also shows promise for improving infant socioemotional outcomes in this context. Benefits are mediated by improvements in carer–infant interactions, particularly in book-sharing contexts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12605 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297

The impact of dialogic book-sharing training on infant language and attention: a randomized controlled trial in a deprived South African community / Zahir VALLY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-8 (August 2015)  

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