Advancing understanding of adults: The role of diagnostic confirmation and sample description / Vanessa H. BAL in Autism, 23-4 (May 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-4 (May 2019) . - p.807-810 Titre : Advancing understanding of adults: The role of diagnostic confirmation and sample description Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur ; Julie LOUNDS TAYLOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.807-810 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319847547 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397 [article] Advancing understanding of adults: The role of diagnostic confirmation and sample description [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur ; Julie LOUNDS TAYLOR, Auteur . - p.807-810. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-4 (May 2019) . - p.807-810 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319847547 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397

Associations between co-occurring conditions and age of autism diagnosis: Implications for mental health training and adult autism research / Nikita JADAV in Autism Research, 15-11 (November 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-11 (November 2022) . - p.2112-2125 Titre : Associations between co-occurring conditions and age of autism diagnosis: Implications for mental health training and adult autism research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nikita JADAV, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2112-2125 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Female  Infant, Newborn  Humans  Adolescent  Young Adult  Middle Aged  Aged  Aged, 80 and over  Autistic Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Mental Health  Surveys and Questionnaires  adults  aging/ASD in adults  clinical psychology  co-morbid conditions  Psychological Services and has received honoraria and/or consulting fees from  Regeneron, Janssen and Simons Foundation for unrelated work. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adult autism studies are increasingly comprised of later-diagnosed adults, yet little is known about how these adults compare to those diagnosed earlier in life. The present study examines medical and psychiatric conditions endorsed by autistic adults and documents differences between those diagnosed with ASD in childhood versus adulthood, as well as across age groups and sex at birth. 4657 legally independent adults (ages 18-85, M = 33.4 years) with professional ASD diagnoses who completed a medical questionnaire were drawn from the Simons Powering Autism Research Knowledge (SPARK) study. Chi square analyses, t-tests, and logistic regressions were used to compare medical and psychiatric conditions between age groups, sex at birth and adults diagnosed in childhood (before age 21) versus adulthood (at or after 21 years). Overall number of conditions endorsed as being diagnosed by a professional was high, with an average of 1.69 (SD = 2.01) medical or developmental and 2.98 (SD = 2.29) psychiatric conditions reported across the sample. Females were more likely to endorse psychiatric conditions (OR = 1.68). Adult-diagnosed adults were more likely to endorse psychiatric conditions (OR = 2.71) and reported more lifetime psychiatric diagnoses (M = 3.15, SD = 2.23) than their childhood-diagnosed counterparts (M = 2.81, SD = 2.33). These findings underscore the need for research to better understand and treat co-occurring psychiatric conditions in autistic adults and report and consider the age of diagnosis in adult autism samples. Moreover, results suggest it is imperative that mental health professionals receive autism training to promote accurate differential diagnosis and equitable access to mental health care for autistic adults with co-occurring psychiatric conditions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2808 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488 [article] Associations between co-occurring conditions and age of autism diagnosis: Implications for mental health training and adult autism research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nikita JADAV, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur . - p.2112-2125. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-11 (November 2022) . - p.2112-2125 Mots-clés : Adult  Female  Infant, Newborn  Humans  Adolescent  Young Adult  Middle Aged  Aged  Aged, 80 and over  Autistic Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Mental Health  Surveys and Questionnaires  adults  aging/ASD in adults  clinical psychology  co-morbid conditions  Psychological Services and has received honoraria and/or consulting fees from  Regeneron, Janssen and Simons Foundation for unrelated work. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adult autism studies are increasingly comprised of later-diagnosed adults, yet little is known about how these adults compare to those diagnosed earlier in life. The present study examines medical and psychiatric conditions endorsed by autistic adults and documents differences between those diagnosed with ASD in childhood versus adulthood, as well as across age groups and sex at birth. 4657 legally independent adults (ages 18-85, M = 33.4 years) with professional ASD diagnoses who completed a medical questionnaire were drawn from the Simons Powering Autism Research Knowledge (SPARK) study. Chi square analyses, t-tests, and logistic regressions were used to compare medical and psychiatric conditions between age groups, sex at birth and adults diagnosed in childhood (before age 21) versus adulthood (at or after 21 years). Overall number of conditions endorsed as being diagnosed by a professional was high, with an average of 1.69 (SD = 2.01) medical or developmental and 2.98 (SD = 2.29) psychiatric conditions reported across the sample. Females were more likely to endorse psychiatric conditions (OR = 1.68). Adult-diagnosed adults were more likely to endorse psychiatric conditions (OR = 2.71) and reported more lifetime psychiatric diagnoses (M = 3.15, SD = 2.23) than their childhood-diagnosed counterparts (M = 2.81, SD = 2.33). These findings underscore the need for research to better understand and treat co-occurring psychiatric conditions in autistic adults and report and consider the age of diagnosis in adult autism samples. Moreover, results suggest it is imperative that mental health professionals receive autism training to promote accurate differential diagnosis and equitable access to mental health care for autistic adults with co-occurring psychiatric conditions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2808 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488

Autism spectrum disorder symptoms from ages 2 to 19 years: Implications for diagnosing adolescents and young adults / Vanessa H. BAL in Autism Research, 12-1 (January 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-1 (January 2019) . - p.89-99 Titre : Autism spectrum disorder symptoms from ages 2 to 19 years: Implications for diagnosing adolescents and young adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur ; S. H. KIM, Auteur ; M. FOK, Auteur ; C. LORD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.89-99 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescent  adult  longitudinal  symptom Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explored change in social-communicative symptoms in 140 individuals with childhood autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses. Trajectories of caregiver-reported social-communicative symptoms were examined for three groups (verbal, delayed speech, minimally verbal) from ages 2 to 19 years. Groups showed comparable levels of social-communicative impairment at 2 years and significant decreases in overall symptom levels across the 17-year period (P < .001). Across three subdomains, main effects of time and language (P < .001) reflected patterns of overall improvement, although children with more impaired language tended to have more caregiver-reported symptoms relative to verbal peers. A significant time-by-language interaction (P < .001) reflected that trajectories of socioemotional reciprocity symptoms differed according to patterns of language development. In contrast, improvements in the nonverbal communication domain were seen across language groups, whereas deficits in the development and maintenance of relationships improved for only verbal children. Verbal adults showed significant reductions in the prevalence of kseveral symptoms exhibited during childhood. Improvements suggest that symptoms indicative of ASD in young children may no longer be diagnostic markers in adolescents and adults. Relative stability of several items suggests that impaired facial expression may be a core ASD symptom that warrants more systematic study across the lifespan. Research investigating the manifestation of ASD in older individuals is needed to foster development of appropriate assessment tools and interventions. Differential relationships to developmental factors within the broader social-communication domain underscores a need to focus on more narrowly defined symptom constructs when exploring links between pathophysiology and observable phenotypes. Autism Research 2019, 12: 89-99. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In a sample of 140 participants with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) followed from 2 to 19 years old, this study found that overall social-communicative symptoms improve across childhood and adolescence. However, timing and amount of change varied for different symptom categories and participants with different language abilities. Findings suggest that some older adolescents and adults with ASD may not exhibit the same difficulties observed in young children with ASD. More research is needed to better understand the strengths and needs of young adults with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=376 [article] Autism spectrum disorder symptoms from ages 2 to 19 years: Implications for diagnosing adolescents and young adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur ; S. H. KIM, Auteur ; M. FOK, Auteur ; C. LORD, Auteur . - p.89-99. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-1 (January 2019) . - p.89-99 Mots-clés : adolescent  adult  longitudinal  symptom Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explored change in social-communicative symptoms in 140 individuals with childhood autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses. Trajectories of caregiver-reported social-communicative symptoms were examined for three groups (verbal, delayed speech, minimally verbal) from ages 2 to 19 years. Groups showed comparable levels of social-communicative impairment at 2 years and significant decreases in overall symptom levels across the 17-year period (P < .001). Across three subdomains, main effects of time and language (P < .001) reflected patterns of overall improvement, although children with more impaired language tended to have more caregiver-reported symptoms relative to verbal peers. A significant time-by-language interaction (P < .001) reflected that trajectories of socioemotional reciprocity symptoms differed according to patterns of language development. In contrast, improvements in the nonverbal communication domain were seen across language groups, whereas deficits in the development and maintenance of relationships improved for only verbal children. Verbal adults showed significant reductions in the prevalence of kseveral symptoms exhibited during childhood. Improvements suggest that symptoms indicative of ASD in young children may no longer be diagnostic markers in adolescents and adults. Relative stability of several items suggests that impaired facial expression may be a core ASD symptom that warrants more systematic study across the lifespan. Research investigating the manifestation of ASD in older individuals is needed to foster development of appropriate assessment tools and interventions. Differential relationships to developmental factors within the broader social-communication domain underscores a need to focus on more narrowly defined symptom constructs when exploring links between pathophysiology and observable phenotypes. Autism Research 2019, 12: 89-99. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In a sample of 140 participants with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) followed from 2 to 19 years old, this study found that overall social-communicative symptoms improve across childhood and adolescence. However, timing and amount of change varied for different symptom categories and participants with different language abilities. Findings suggest that some older adolescents and adults with ASD may not exhibit the same difficulties observed in young children with ASD. More research is needed to better understand the strengths and needs of young adults with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=376

Children with autism spectrum disorder who improve with fever: Insights from the Simons Simplex Collection / Rebecca GRZADZINSKI in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.175-184 Titre : Children with autism spectrum disorder who improve with fever: Insights from the Simons Simplex Collection Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca GRZADZINSKI, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Stephan J. SANDERS, Auteur ; Donna WERLING, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.175-184 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Literature indicates that some children with ASD may show behavioral improvements during fever; however, little is known about the behavioral profiles of these children. This study aims to (a) investigate the subset of children who show parent?reported behavioral improvements associated with fever and (b) compare the demographic, behavioral, and genetic characteristics of this subset of children to children whose parents report no change during fever. Parents of 2,152 children from the Simons Simplex Collection provided information about whether and in which areas their child improved during fever. Children were randomly assigned into discovery or replication samples. In discovery analyses, children who reportedly improved with fever (Improve Group) were compared to those who reportedly did not improve (No Improve Group) on demographics, medical history, ASD symptoms, adaptive skills, and presence of de novo ASD?associated mutations. Significant and marginal results from discovery analyses were tested in the replication sample. Parent reports of 17% of children indicated improvements during fever across a range of domains. Discovery and replication analyses revealed that the Improve Group had significantly lower non?verbal cognitive skills (NVIQ) and language levels and more repetitive behaviors. Groups did not differ on demographic variables, parent?report of current ASD symptoms or the presence of de novo mutations. Understanding the profiles of children who improve during episodes of fever may provide insights into innovative treatments for ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 175–184. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study explored characteristics of children with ASD who are reported to improve during fever. Parents of 17% of children with ASD report improvements across a range of domains during fever including cognition, communication, repetitive behaviors, social interaction, and behavior. Children who are reported to improve during fever have significantly lower non?verbal cognitive skills and language levels and more repetitive behaviors. Understanding the profiles of children who improve during episodes of fever may provide insights into new treatments for ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1856 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Children with autism spectrum disorder who improve with fever: Insights from the Simons Simplex Collection [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca GRZADZINSKI, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Stephan J. SANDERS, Auteur ; Donna WERLING, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur . - p.175-184. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.175-184 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Literature indicates that some children with ASD may show behavioral improvements during fever; however, little is known about the behavioral profiles of these children. This study aims to (a) investigate the subset of children who show parent?reported behavioral improvements associated with fever and (b) compare the demographic, behavioral, and genetic characteristics of this subset of children to children whose parents report no change during fever. Parents of 2,152 children from the Simons Simplex Collection provided information about whether and in which areas their child improved during fever. Children were randomly assigned into discovery or replication samples. In discovery analyses, children who reportedly improved with fever (Improve Group) were compared to those who reportedly did not improve (No Improve Group) on demographics, medical history, ASD symptoms, adaptive skills, and presence of de novo ASD?associated mutations. Significant and marginal results from discovery analyses were tested in the replication sample. Parent reports of 17% of children indicated improvements during fever across a range of domains. Discovery and replication analyses revealed that the Improve Group had significantly lower non?verbal cognitive skills (NVIQ) and language levels and more repetitive behaviors. Groups did not differ on demographic variables, parent?report of current ASD symptoms or the presence of de novo mutations. Understanding the profiles of children who improve during episodes of fever may provide insights into innovative treatments for ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 175–184. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study explored characteristics of children with ASD who are reported to improve during fever. Parents of 17% of children with ASD report improvements across a range of domains during fever including cognition, communication, repetitive behaviors, social interaction, and behavior. Children who are reported to improve during fever have significantly lower non?verbal cognitive skills and language levels and more repetitive behaviors. Understanding the profiles of children who improve during episodes of fever may provide insights into new treatments for ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1856 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Cognitive profiles of children with autism spectrum disorder with parent-reported extraordinary talents and personal strengths / Vanessa H. BAL in Autism, 26-1 (January 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-1 (January 2022) . - p.62-74 Titre : Cognitive profiles of children with autism spectrum disorder with parent-reported extraordinary talents and personal strengths Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur ; E. WILKINSON, Auteur ; M. FOK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.62-74 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : cognitive profiles  savant skills  strengths  talents  conflicts of interest in relation to this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research has suggested that focusing on impairments can be detrimental to the well-being of autistic individuals, yet little research has focused on strengths and positive qualities in autism. Some studies explored "savant skills" (herein referred to as "extraordinary talents"), that is, skills that stand out compared to the general population. These often group everyone who has a specific talent, rather than exploring subgroups with strengths in specific areas. There has been even less research focused on personal strengths (i.e. skills that stand out relative to the individual's other abilities, but not the general population). To expand this research, we use a sample of 1470 children (ages 4-18?years) from the Simons Simplex Collection without cognitive impairment to examine the relationship between having a parent-reported skill in a specific area and performance on a standardized cognitive test. Almost half (46%) had at least one parent-reported talent and an additional 23% without extraordinary talents had at least one personal strength. Children with these parent-reported skills had different patterns of performance on these standardized tests than children without skills in that area (i.e. visuospatial, drawing, computation, reading, and memory). Specific skills in computation or reading were associated with higher overall performance on the standardized tests. These results emphasize the importance of considering strengths separately by area, rather than combining individuals with different types of strengths. The high number of children with skills in this study underscores the need for more research in this area, particularly using instruments focused on understanding the nuances of these strengths. It is important for future studies to consider these skills in children with cognitive impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211020618 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451 [article] Cognitive profiles of children with autism spectrum disorder with parent-reported extraordinary talents and personal strengths [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur ; E. WILKINSON, Auteur ; M. FOK, Auteur . - p.62-74. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-1 (January 2022) . - p.62-74 Mots-clés : cognitive profiles  savant skills  strengths  talents  conflicts of interest in relation to this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research has suggested that focusing on impairments can be detrimental to the well-being of autistic individuals, yet little research has focused on strengths and positive qualities in autism. Some studies explored "savant skills" (herein referred to as "extraordinary talents"), that is, skills that stand out compared to the general population. These often group everyone who has a specific talent, rather than exploring subgroups with strengths in specific areas. There has been even less research focused on personal strengths (i.e. skills that stand out relative to the individual's other abilities, but not the general population). To expand this research, we use a sample of 1470 children (ages 4-18?years) from the Simons Simplex Collection without cognitive impairment to examine the relationship between having a parent-reported skill in a specific area and performance on a standardized cognitive test. Almost half (46%) had at least one parent-reported talent and an additional 23% without extraordinary talents had at least one personal strength. Children with these parent-reported skills had different patterns of performance on these standardized tests than children without skills in that area (i.e. visuospatial, drawing, computation, reading, and memory). Specific skills in computation or reading were associated with higher overall performance on the standardized tests. These results emphasize the importance of considering strengths separately by area, rather than combining individuals with different types of strengths. The high number of children with skills in this study underscores the need for more research in this area, particularly using instruments focused on understanding the nuances of these strengths. It is important for future studies to consider these skills in children with cognitive impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211020618 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451

Considerations from the 2017 IMFAR Preconference on Measuring Meaningful Outcomes from School-Age to Adulthood / Vanessa H. BAL in Autism Research, 11-11 (November 2018)  

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Correction to: The Adapted ADOS: A New Module Set for the Assessment of Minimally Verbal Adolescents and Adults / Vanessa H. BAL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-12 (December 2021)  

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Daily living skills in individuals with autism spectrum disorder from 2 to 21 years of age / Vanessa H. BAL in Autism, 19-7 (October 2015)  

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Describing Function in ASD: Using the DSM-5 and Other Methods to Improve Precision / Vanessa H. BAL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-9 (September 2017)  

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Differences in profiles of emotional behavioral problems across instruments in verbal versus minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder / M. FOK in Autism Research, 12-9 (September 2019)  

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Early Pandemic Experiences of Autistic Adults: Predictors of Psychological Distress / Vanessa H. BAL in Autism Research, 14-6 (June 2021)  

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Factor structure of the VABS-3 Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver form in autistic individuals: Poor fit of three-factor and unidimensional models / Ellen WILKINSON in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

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Factors that Influence the Daily Living Skills of Autistic Adults: The Importance of Opportunity / Shin Er TEH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-12 (December 2024)  

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Longitudinal follow?up of academic achievement in children with autism from age 2 to 18 / So Hyun KIM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-3 (March 2018)  

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A lost generation? The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on early career ASD researchers / C. HARROP in Autism Research, 14-6 (June 2021)  

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