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Psychiatric comorbidity in gender dysphoric adolescents / Annelou L. C. DE VRIES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-11 (November 2011)
[article]
Titre : Psychiatric comorbidity in gender dysphoric adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Annelou L. C. DE VRIES, Auteur ; Theo A. DORELEIJERS, Auteur ; Thomas D. STEENSMA, Auteur ; Peggy T. COHEN-KETTENIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1195-1202 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gender identity disorder gender dysphoria adolescents psychiatric comorbidity puberty suppression cross-sex hormones Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined psychiatric comorbidity in adolescents with a gender identity disorder (GID). We focused on its relation to gender, type of GID diagnosis and eligibility for medical interventions (puberty suppression and cross-sex hormones).
Methods: To ascertain DSM-IV diagnoses, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC) was administered to parents of 105 gender dysphoric adolescents.
Results: 67.6% had no concurrent psychiatric disorder. Anxiety disorders occurred in 21%, mood disorders in 12.4% and disruptive disorders in 11.4% of the adolescents. Compared with natal females (n = 52), natal males (n = 53) suffered more often from two or more comorbid diagnoses (22.6% vs. 7.7%, p = .03), mood disorders (20.8% vs. 3.8%, p = .008) and social anxiety disorder (15.1% vs. 3.8%, p = .049). Adolescents with GID considered to be ‘delayed eligible’ for medical treatment were older [15.6 years (SD = 1.6) vs. 14.1 years (SD = 2.2), p = .001], their intelligence was lower [91.6 (SD = 12.4) vs. 99.1 (SD = 12.8), p = .011] and a lower percentage was living with both parents (23% vs. 64%, p < .001). Although the two groups did not differ in the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity, the respective odds ratios (‘delayed eligible’ adolescents vs. ‘immediately eligible’ adolescents) were >1.0 for all psychiatric diagnoses except specific phobia.
Conclusions: Despite the suffering resulting from the incongruence between experienced and assigned gender at the start of puberty, the majority of gender dysphoric adolescents do not have co-occurring psychiatric problems. Delayed eligibility for medical interventions is associated with psychiatric comorbidity although other factors are of importance as well.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02426.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=145
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-11 (November 2011) . - p.1195-1202[article] Psychiatric comorbidity in gender dysphoric adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Annelou L. C. DE VRIES, Auteur ; Theo A. DORELEIJERS, Auteur ; Thomas D. STEENSMA, Auteur ; Peggy T. COHEN-KETTENIS, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1195-1202.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-11 (November 2011) . - p.1195-1202
Mots-clés : Gender identity disorder gender dysphoria adolescents psychiatric comorbidity puberty suppression cross-sex hormones Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined psychiatric comorbidity in adolescents with a gender identity disorder (GID). We focused on its relation to gender, type of GID diagnosis and eligibility for medical interventions (puberty suppression and cross-sex hormones).
Methods: To ascertain DSM-IV diagnoses, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC) was administered to parents of 105 gender dysphoric adolescents.
Results: 67.6% had no concurrent psychiatric disorder. Anxiety disorders occurred in 21%, mood disorders in 12.4% and disruptive disorders in 11.4% of the adolescents. Compared with natal females (n = 52), natal males (n = 53) suffered more often from two or more comorbid diagnoses (22.6% vs. 7.7%, p = .03), mood disorders (20.8% vs. 3.8%, p = .008) and social anxiety disorder (15.1% vs. 3.8%, p = .049). Adolescents with GID considered to be ‘delayed eligible’ for medical treatment were older [15.6 years (SD = 1.6) vs. 14.1 years (SD = 2.2), p = .001], their intelligence was lower [91.6 (SD = 12.4) vs. 99.1 (SD = 12.8), p = .011] and a lower percentage was living with both parents (23% vs. 64%, p < .001). Although the two groups did not differ in the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity, the respective odds ratios (‘delayed eligible’ adolescents vs. ‘immediately eligible’ adolescents) were >1.0 for all psychiatric diagnoses except specific phobia.
Conclusions: Despite the suffering resulting from the incongruence between experienced and assigned gender at the start of puberty, the majority of gender dysphoric adolescents do not have co-occurring psychiatric problems. Delayed eligibility for medical interventions is associated with psychiatric comorbidity although other factors are of importance as well.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02426.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=145 Autistic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria / A. I. R. VAN DER MIESEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-5 (May 2018)
[article]
Titre : Autistic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. I. R. VAN DER MIESEN, Auteur ; A. L. C. DE VRIES, Auteur ; T. D. STEENSMA, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1537-1548 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Co-occurrence Comorbidity Gender dysphoria Gender identity disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies have shown an increase of symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in gender dysphoria (GD). Various hypotheses try to explain this possible co-occurrence (e.g., a role of resistance to change, stereotyped behaviors or prenatal testosterone exposure). This study examined ASD symptoms with the Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire (CSBQ) in 490 children with GD compared to 2507 typically developing (TD) and 196 children with ASD. CSBQ total scores of the GD sample were in between scores from the TD and ASD sample. The GD sample showed elevated levels of autistic symptomatology on all subdomains, not only on stereotyped and resistance to change. Further, no gender differences and interaction effects were found on the total CSBQ, making a sole role for prenatal testosterone unlikely. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3417-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=355
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-5 (May 2018) . - p.1537-1548[article] Autistic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. I. R. VAN DER MIESEN, Auteur ; A. L. C. DE VRIES, Auteur ; T. D. STEENSMA, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur . - p.1537-1548.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-5 (May 2018) . - p.1537-1548
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Co-occurrence Comorbidity Gender dysphoria Gender identity disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies have shown an increase of symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in gender dysphoria (GD). Various hypotheses try to explain this possible co-occurrence (e.g., a role of resistance to change, stereotyped behaviors or prenatal testosterone exposure). This study examined ASD symptoms with the Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire (CSBQ) in 490 children with GD compared to 2507 typically developing (TD) and 196 children with ASD. CSBQ total scores of the GD sample were in between scores from the TD and ASD sample. The GD sample showed elevated levels of autistic symptomatology on all subdomains, not only on stereotyped and resistance to change. Further, no gender differences and interaction effects were found on the total CSBQ, making a sole role for prenatal testosterone unlikely. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3417-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=355 Brief Report: Female-To-Male Transsexual People and Autistic Traits / Rebecca M. JONES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-2 (February 2012)
[article]
Titre : Brief Report: Female-To-Male Transsexual People and Autistic Traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca M. JONES, Auteur ; Sally WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Krista FARRELL, Auteur ; Emma MARTIN, Auteur ; Richard GREEN, Auteur ; Domenico DI CEGLIE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.301-306 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Conditions Gender Identity Disorder Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) Co-occurrence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The ‘extreme male brain’ theory suggests females with Autism Spectrum Conditions are hyper-masculinized in certain aspects of behavior. We predicted that females with Gender Identity Disorder (who are masculinized) would have elevated Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) scores. AQ scores from five groups were compared: (1) n = 61 transmen (female-to-male transsexual people); (2) n = 198 transwomen (male-to-female transsexual people); (3) n = 76 typical males; (4) n = 98 typical females; and (5) n = 125 individuals with Asperger Syndrome (AS). Transmen had a higher mean AQ than typical females, typical males and transwomen, but lower than individuals with AS. Transmen have more autistic traits and may have had difficulty socializing with female peers and thus found it easier to identify with male peer groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1227-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-2 (February 2012) . - p.301-306[article] Brief Report: Female-To-Male Transsexual People and Autistic Traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca M. JONES, Auteur ; Sally WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Krista FARRELL, Auteur ; Emma MARTIN, Auteur ; Richard GREEN, Auteur ; Domenico DI CEGLIE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.301-306.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-2 (February 2012) . - p.301-306
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Conditions Gender Identity Disorder Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) Co-occurrence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The ‘extreme male brain’ theory suggests females with Autism Spectrum Conditions are hyper-masculinized in certain aspects of behavior. We predicted that females with Gender Identity Disorder (who are masculinized) would have elevated Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) scores. AQ scores from five groups were compared: (1) n = 61 transmen (female-to-male transsexual people); (2) n = 198 transwomen (male-to-female transsexual people); (3) n = 76 typical males; (4) n = 98 typical females; and (5) n = 125 individuals with Asperger Syndrome (AS). Transmen had a higher mean AQ than typical females, typical males and transwomen, but lower than individuals with AS. Transmen have more autistic traits and may have had difficulty socializing with female peers and thus found it easier to identify with male peer groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1227-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151