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Actual and perceived speedy diagnoses are associated with mothers' unresolved reactions to a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder for a child / P. REED in Autism, 23-7 (October 2019)
[article]
Titre : Actual and perceived speedy diagnoses are associated with mothers' unresolved reactions to a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder for a child Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : P. REED, Auteur ; A. GILES, Auteur ; S. WHITE, Auteur ; L. A. OSBORNE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1843-1852 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism diagnosis autism spectrum disorder parent mental health professional interpersonal skills reaction to diagnosis speed of diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reaction to a child's diagnosis can strongly affect the parent, but little is known about the aspects of the diagnostic process associated with such reactions. The pre-diagnostic levels of anxiety, depression, and parenting stress of 67 volunteer mothers of children subsequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder were assessed, along with the children's functioning. The speed and number of professionals involved in the diagnosis were recorded, and mothers completed a post-diagnosis assessment of their perceptions of the process. Longer actual and perceived diagnosis speeds predicted resolved reactions to diagnosis. Mothers' psychological states pre-diagnosis did not predict reactions to diagnosis. Providing a measured diagnostic process, and strong relationship with mothers, rather than aiming for speed alone, may well be more productive for the parent and child. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319833676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406
in Autism > 23-7 (October 2019) . - p.1843-1852[article] Actual and perceived speedy diagnoses are associated with mothers' unresolved reactions to a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder for a child [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / P. REED, Auteur ; A. GILES, Auteur ; S. WHITE, Auteur ; L. A. OSBORNE, Auteur . - p.1843-1852.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 23-7 (October 2019) . - p.1843-1852
Mots-clés : autism diagnosis autism spectrum disorder parent mental health professional interpersonal skills reaction to diagnosis speed of diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reaction to a child's diagnosis can strongly affect the parent, but little is known about the aspects of the diagnostic process associated with such reactions. The pre-diagnostic levels of anxiety, depression, and parenting stress of 67 volunteer mothers of children subsequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder were assessed, along with the children's functioning. The speed and number of professionals involved in the diagnosis were recorded, and mothers completed a post-diagnosis assessment of their perceptions of the process. Longer actual and perceived diagnosis speeds predicted resolved reactions to diagnosis. Mothers' psychological states pre-diagnosis did not predict reactions to diagnosis. Providing a measured diagnostic process, and strong relationship with mothers, rather than aiming for speed alone, may well be more productive for the parent and child. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319833676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406 Ethnic Disparities in the Diagnosis of Autism in Southern Israel / Orly KERUB in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)
[article]
Titre : Ethnic Disparities in the Diagnosis of Autism in Southern Israel Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Orly KERUB, Auteur ; Eric J. HAAS, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Natalya BILENKO, Auteur ; Hagit FLUSSER, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur ; Nadav DAVIDOVITCH, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.193-201 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : access to healthcare autism diagnosis autism spectrum disorder ethnic disparities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is continuously rising worldwide, with remarkable differences in ASD rates being reported across ethnic and socioeconomic groups. We conducted a prospective cohort study to identify the reasons for differences in ASD rates between the Bedouin and Jewish populations in southern Israel. Screening, referral, and diagnosis of toddlers aged 16-36?months were compared between Bedouin and Jewish populations. ASD screening was conducted at 35 randomly selected mother and child health centers (MCHCs) by trained nurses using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers with follow-up (M-CHAT/F) instrument. Toddlers screened positive at the MCHCs were monitored throughout the referral and diagnosis process at a single medical center until a diagnosis was determined by a physician specialist using DSM-5 criteria. The study cohort comprised 3,343 toddlers (996 Jewish and 2,347 Bedouin). Bedouin toddlers, compared to Jewish toddlers, were less likely to screen positive with M-CHAT/F (3.0% vs. 3.9%; P =?0.165), were significantly less likely to begin the hospital diagnosis process (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14-1.08; P =?0.068), and had a higher rates of loss-to-follow-up during the hospital diagnosis process (42.9% vs. 15.6%, respectively; P =?0.001). The results suggest that ethnic-specific barriers in the diagnosis process of ASD contribute to under-diagnosis of ASD in the Bedouin population. Facilitating the diagnosis process for Bedouin families will help to identify more children with ASD at earlier ages and consequently close the ethnic gap in ASD rates. LAY SUMMARY: We followed Bedouin and Jewish toddlers aged 16-36?months from southern Israel through their autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening referral and diagnosis to identify the reasons for the differences in ASD prevalence between these ethnic groups. Jewish and Bedouin toddlers were equally identified in the ASD screening. However, Bedouin toddlers were less likely to complete the diagnosis process due to higher rates of loss-to-follow-up and slower diagnosis process. Facilitating ASD diagnosis for the Bedouin population will help identifying more toddlers with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2421 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441
in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.193-201[article] Ethnic Disparities in the Diagnosis of Autism in Southern Israel [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Orly KERUB, Auteur ; Eric J. HAAS, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Natalya BILENKO, Auteur ; Hagit FLUSSER, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur ; Nadav DAVIDOVITCH, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur . - p.193-201.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.193-201
Mots-clés : access to healthcare autism diagnosis autism spectrum disorder ethnic disparities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is continuously rising worldwide, with remarkable differences in ASD rates being reported across ethnic and socioeconomic groups. We conducted a prospective cohort study to identify the reasons for differences in ASD rates between the Bedouin and Jewish populations in southern Israel. Screening, referral, and diagnosis of toddlers aged 16-36?months were compared between Bedouin and Jewish populations. ASD screening was conducted at 35 randomly selected mother and child health centers (MCHCs) by trained nurses using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers with follow-up (M-CHAT/F) instrument. Toddlers screened positive at the MCHCs were monitored throughout the referral and diagnosis process at a single medical center until a diagnosis was determined by a physician specialist using DSM-5 criteria. The study cohort comprised 3,343 toddlers (996 Jewish and 2,347 Bedouin). Bedouin toddlers, compared to Jewish toddlers, were less likely to screen positive with M-CHAT/F (3.0% vs. 3.9%; P =?0.165), were significantly less likely to begin the hospital diagnosis process (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14-1.08; P =?0.068), and had a higher rates of loss-to-follow-up during the hospital diagnosis process (42.9% vs. 15.6%, respectively; P =?0.001). The results suggest that ethnic-specific barriers in the diagnosis process of ASD contribute to under-diagnosis of ASD in the Bedouin population. Facilitating the diagnosis process for Bedouin families will help to identify more children with ASD at earlier ages and consequently close the ethnic gap in ASD rates. LAY SUMMARY: We followed Bedouin and Jewish toddlers aged 16-36?months from southern Israel through their autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening referral and diagnosis to identify the reasons for the differences in ASD prevalence between these ethnic groups. Jewish and Bedouin toddlers were equally identified in the ASD screening. However, Bedouin toddlers were less likely to complete the diagnosis process due to higher rates of loss-to-follow-up and slower diagnosis process. Facilitating ASD diagnosis for the Bedouin population will help identifying more toddlers with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2421 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441 'I was exhausted trying to figure it out': The experiences of females receiving an autism diagnosis in middle to late adulthood / A. LEEDHAM in Autism, 24-1 (January 2020)
[article]
Titre : 'I was exhausted trying to figure it out': The experiences of females receiving an autism diagnosis in middle to late adulthood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. LEEDHAM, Auteur ; A. R. THOMPSON, Auteur ; R. SMITH, Auteur ; M. FREETH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.135-146 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis autism diagnosis autistic female middle to late adulthood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Females often receive autism spectrum condition diagnoses later than males, leaving needs misunderstood. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of female adults diagnosed with an autism spectrum condition in middle to late adulthood. Eleven autistic females diagnosed over the age of 40 years completed semi-structured interviews, analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Four superordinate themes emerged: A hidden condition (pretending to be normal and fitting in; mental health and mislabelling), The process of acceptance (initial reactions and search for understanding; re-living life through a new lens), The impact of others post-diagnosis (initial reactions; stereotyped assumptions), and A new identity on the autism spectrum (negotiating relationships, connections and community; changing well-being and views of the self; the meaning of diagnosis). Findings highlight several factors not previously identified that affect late diagnosis in females, including widespread limited understandings of others. Diagnosis was experienced by several participants as facilitating transition from being self-critical to self-compassionate, coupled with an increased sense of agency. Participants experienced a change in identity that enabled greater acceptance and understanding of the self. However, this was painful to adjust to at such a late stage. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319853442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414
in Autism > 24-1 (January 2020) . - p.135-146[article] 'I was exhausted trying to figure it out': The experiences of females receiving an autism diagnosis in middle to late adulthood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. LEEDHAM, Auteur ; A. R. THOMPSON, Auteur ; R. SMITH, Auteur ; M. FREETH, Auteur . - p.135-146.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-1 (January 2020) . - p.135-146
Mots-clés : Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis autism diagnosis autistic female middle to late adulthood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Females often receive autism spectrum condition diagnoses later than males, leaving needs misunderstood. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of female adults diagnosed with an autism spectrum condition in middle to late adulthood. Eleven autistic females diagnosed over the age of 40 years completed semi-structured interviews, analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Four superordinate themes emerged: A hidden condition (pretending to be normal and fitting in; mental health and mislabelling), The process of acceptance (initial reactions and search for understanding; re-living life through a new lens), The impact of others post-diagnosis (initial reactions; stereotyped assumptions), and A new identity on the autism spectrum (negotiating relationships, connections and community; changing well-being and views of the self; the meaning of diagnosis). Findings highlight several factors not previously identified that affect late diagnosis in females, including widespread limited understandings of others. Diagnosis was experienced by several participants as facilitating transition from being self-critical to self-compassionate, coupled with an increased sense of agency. Participants experienced a change in identity that enabled greater acceptance and understanding of the self. However, this was painful to adjust to at such a late stage. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319853442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414 A Simplified Diagnostic Observational Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Early Childhood / David GRODBERG in Autism Research, 9-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : A Simplified Diagnostic Observational Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Early Childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David GRODBERG, Auteur ; Paige SIPER, Auteur ; Jesslyn JAMISON, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.443-449 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism diagnosis Autism mental status exam Observational assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Subspecialty physicians who have expertise in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder typically do not have the resources to administer comprehensive diagnostic observational assessments for patients suspected of ASD. The autism mental status exam (AMSE) is a free and brief eight-item observation tool that addresses this practice gap. The AMSE, designed by Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists, Developmental Behavioral Pediatricians and Pediatric Neurologists structures the observation and documentation of signs and symptoms of ASD and yields a score. Excellent sensitivity and specificity was demonstrated in a population of high-risk adults. This protocol now investigates the AMSE's test performance in a population of 45 young children age 18 months to 5 years with suspected ASD or social and communication concerns who are evaluated at an autism research center. Each subject received a developmental evaluation, including the AMSE, performed by a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, that was followed by independent standardized assessment using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. A Best Estimate Diagnosis protocol used DSM-5 criteria to ascertain a diagnosis of ASD or non-ASD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the AMSE cut point with the highest sensitivity and specificity. Findings indicate an optimized sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 100% for this high prevalence group. Because of its high classification accuracy in this sample of children the AMSE holds promise as a tool that can support both diagnostic decision making and standardize point of care observational assessment of ASD in high risk children. Autism Res 2016, 9: 443–449. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1539 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=287
in Autism Research > 9-4 (April 2016) . - p.443-449[article] A Simplified Diagnostic Observational Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Early Childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David GRODBERG, Auteur ; Paige SIPER, Auteur ; Jesslyn JAMISON, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur . - p.443-449.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-4 (April 2016) . - p.443-449
Mots-clés : Autism diagnosis Autism mental status exam Observational assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Subspecialty physicians who have expertise in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder typically do not have the resources to administer comprehensive diagnostic observational assessments for patients suspected of ASD. The autism mental status exam (AMSE) is a free and brief eight-item observation tool that addresses this practice gap. The AMSE, designed by Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists, Developmental Behavioral Pediatricians and Pediatric Neurologists structures the observation and documentation of signs and symptoms of ASD and yields a score. Excellent sensitivity and specificity was demonstrated in a population of high-risk adults. This protocol now investigates the AMSE's test performance in a population of 45 young children age 18 months to 5 years with suspected ASD or social and communication concerns who are evaluated at an autism research center. Each subject received a developmental evaluation, including the AMSE, performed by a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, that was followed by independent standardized assessment using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. A Best Estimate Diagnosis protocol used DSM-5 criteria to ascertain a diagnosis of ASD or non-ASD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the AMSE cut point with the highest sensitivity and specificity. Findings indicate an optimized sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 100% for this high prevalence group. Because of its high classification accuracy in this sample of children the AMSE holds promise as a tool that can support both diagnostic decision making and standardize point of care observational assessment of ASD in high risk children. Autism Res 2016, 9: 443–449. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1539 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=287 Sparsifying machine learning models identify stable subsets of predictive features for behavioral detection of autism / S. LEVY in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
[article]
Titre : Sparsifying machine learning models identify stable subsets of predictive features for behavioral detection of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. LEVY, Auteur ; M. DUDA, Auteur ; N. HABER, Auteur ; Dennis P. WALL, Auteur Article en page(s) : 65p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd Autism Autism diagnosis Autism screening Autism spectrum disorder Machine learning Sparse machine learning company focused on building digital solutions for child health.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis can be delayed due in part to the time required for administration of standard exams, such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Shorter and potentially mobilized approaches would help to alleviate bottlenecks in the healthcare system. Previous work using machine learning suggested that a subset of the behaviors measured by ADOS can achieve clinically acceptable levels of accuracy. Here we expand on this initial work to build sparse models that have higher potential to generalize to the clinical population. Methods: We assembled a collection of score sheets for two ADOS modules, one for children with phrased speech (Module 2; 1319 ASD cases, 70 controls) and the other for children with verbal fluency (Module 3; 2870 ASD cases, 273 controls). We used sparsity/parsimony enforcing regularization techniques in a nested cross validation grid search to select features for 17 unique supervised learning models, encoding missing values as additional indicator features. We augmented our feature sets with gender and age to train minimal and interpretable classifiers capable of robust detection of ASD from non-ASD. Results: By applying 17 unique supervised learning methods across 5 classification families tuned for sparse use of features and to be within 1 standard error of the optimal model, we find reduced sets of 10 and 5 features used in a majority of models. We tested the performance of the most interpretable of these sparse models, including Logistic Regression with L2 regularization or Linear SVM with L1 regularization. We obtained an area under the ROC curve of 0.95 for ADOS Module 3 and 0.93 for ADOS Module 2 with less than or equal to 10 features. Conclusions: The resulting models provide improved stability over previous machine learning efforts to minimize the time complexity of autism detection due to regularization and a small parameter space. These robustness techniques yield classifiers that are sparse, interpretable and that have potential to generalize to alternative modes of autism screening, diagnosis and monitoring, possibly including analysis of short home videos. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0180-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 65p.[article] Sparsifying machine learning models identify stable subsets of predictive features for behavioral detection of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. LEVY, Auteur ; M. DUDA, Auteur ; N. HABER, Auteur ; Dennis P. WALL, Auteur . - 65p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 65p.
Mots-clés : Asd Autism Autism diagnosis Autism screening Autism spectrum disorder Machine learning Sparse machine learning company focused on building digital solutions for child health.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis can be delayed due in part to the time required for administration of standard exams, such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Shorter and potentially mobilized approaches would help to alleviate bottlenecks in the healthcare system. Previous work using machine learning suggested that a subset of the behaviors measured by ADOS can achieve clinically acceptable levels of accuracy. Here we expand on this initial work to build sparse models that have higher potential to generalize to the clinical population. Methods: We assembled a collection of score sheets for two ADOS modules, one for children with phrased speech (Module 2; 1319 ASD cases, 70 controls) and the other for children with verbal fluency (Module 3; 2870 ASD cases, 273 controls). We used sparsity/parsimony enforcing regularization techniques in a nested cross validation grid search to select features for 17 unique supervised learning models, encoding missing values as additional indicator features. We augmented our feature sets with gender and age to train minimal and interpretable classifiers capable of robust detection of ASD from non-ASD. Results: By applying 17 unique supervised learning methods across 5 classification families tuned for sparse use of features and to be within 1 standard error of the optimal model, we find reduced sets of 10 and 5 features used in a majority of models. We tested the performance of the most interpretable of these sparse models, including Logistic Regression with L2 regularization or Linear SVM with L1 regularization. We obtained an area under the ROC curve of 0.95 for ADOS Module 3 and 0.93 for ADOS Module 2 with less than or equal to 10 features. Conclusions: The resulting models provide improved stability over previous machine learning efforts to minimize the time complexity of autism detection due to regularization and a small parameter space. These robustness techniques yield classifiers that are sparse, interpretable and that have potential to generalize to alternative modes of autism screening, diagnosis and monitoring, possibly including analysis of short home videos. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0180-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330 Autism and social robotics: A systematic review / Paola PENNISI in Autism Research, 9-2 (February 2016)
PermalinkBrief Report: Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Most Discriminating Items for Diagnosing Autism / S. D. MAYES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-3 (March 2018)
PermalinkShort report: Transition to International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision and the prevalence of autism in a cohort of healthcare systems / Musu M. SESAY in Autism, 28-5 (May 2024)
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