1. Chana G, Laskaris L, Pantelis C, Gillett P, Testa R, Zantomio D, Burrows EL, Hannan AJ, Everall IP, Skafidas E. {{Decreased expression of mGluR5 within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in autism and increased microglial number in mGluR5 knockout mice: Pathophysiological and neurobehavioral implications}}. {Brain Behav Immun};2015 (Jun 5)
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2. Kaiser MD, Yang DY, Voos AC, Bennett RH, Gordon I, Pretzsch C, Beam D, Keifer C, Eilbott J, McGlone F, Pelphrey KA. {{Brain Mechanisms for Processing Affective (and Nonaffective) Touch Are Atypical in Autism}}. {Cereb Cortex};2015 (Jun 5)
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3. Keesler JM. {{Trauma-informed Day Services for Individuals with Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities: Exploring Staff Understanding and Perception within an Innovative Programme}}. {J Appl Res Intellect Disabil};2015 (Jun 3)
BACKGROUND: Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a systems-level philosophy of service delivery which integrates choice, collaboration, empowerment, safety and trust to create an organizational culture sensitive to trauma. This study explores staff understandings and perceptions within an innovative trauma-informed day program for individuals with Intellectual/developmental disabilities. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews queried staff members (n = 20) regarding trauma and TIC, the integration of the five principles of TIC, associated challenges and recommendations for improvement. RESULTS: Inductive analyses revealed reasonable understandings of trauma and TIC, highlighting factors critical to the five principles of TIC. Differences were associated with duration of employment and the presence of specialized training. Challenges with TIC emerged at different system levels: individuals, staff, management and interorganizational. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents preliminary insight for the innovative and formative process of integrating TIC with intellectual/developmental disabilities services.
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4. Kucharsky Hiess R, Alter R, Sojoudi S, Ardekani BA, Kuzniecky R, Pardoe HR. {{Corpus Callosum Area and Brain Volume in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Quantitative Analysis of Structural MRI from the ABIDE Database}}. {J Autism Dev Disord};2015 (Jun 5)
Reduced corpus callosum area and increased brain volume are two commonly reported findings in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated these two correlates in ASD and healthy controls using T1-weighted MRI scans from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE). Automated methods were used to segment the corpus callosum and intracranial region. No difference in the corpus callosum area was found between ASD participants and healthy controls (ASD 598.53 +/- 109 mm2; control 596.82 +/- 102 mm2; p = 0.76). The ASD participants had increased intracranial volume (ASD 1,508,596 +/- 170,505 mm3; control 1,482,732 +/- 150,873.5 mm3; p = 0.042). No evidence was found for overall ASD differences in the corpus callosum subregions.
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5. Mostert-Kerckhoffs MA, Staal WG, Houben RH, de Jonge MV. {{Stop and Change: Inhibition and Flexibility Skills Are Related to Repetitive Behavior in Children and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders}}. {J Autism Dev Disord};2015 (Jun 5)
Cognitive control dysfunctions, like inhibitory and attentional flexibility deficits are assumed to underlie repetitive behavior in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In the present study, prepotent response inhibition and attentional flexibility were examined in 64 high-functioning individuals with ASD and 53 control participants. Performance under different task conditions were tested both in response to visual and auditory information, and requiring a motor or verbal response. Individuals with ASD showed significant more control dysfunctions than typically developing participants on the auditory computer task. Inhibitory control and attentional flexibility predicted RRB in everyday life. Specifically, response inhibition in reaction to visual information and task switching in reaction to auditory information predicted motor and sensory stereotyped behavior.
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6. Mottron L, Duret P, Mueller S, Moore RD, Forgeot d’Arc B, Jacquemont S, Xiong L. {{Sex differences in brain plasticity: a new hypothesis for sex ratio bias in autism}}. {Mol Autism};2015;6:33.
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7. Ohan JL, Ellefson SE, Corrigan PW. {{Brief Report: The Impact of Changing from DSM-IV ‘Asperger’s’ to DSM-5 ‘Autistic Spectrum Disorder’ Diagnostic Labels on Stigma and Treatment Attitudes}}. {J Autism Dev Disord};2015 (Jun 5)
In the DSM-5, ‘Asperger’s Disorder’ was incorporated into ‘Autistic Spectrum Disorder’ (ASD). One key concern in this change has been that the ASD label will increase negative attitudes relative to the Asperger’s label. To test this, we asked 465 American adults to read a vignette describing a child with autistic symptoms that included an ASD label, an Asperger’s label, or no label, and rate their stigma and treatment attitudes (help-seeking and perceived effectiveness). Contrary to predictions, label did not impact stigma. Label did impact treatment attitudes, with greater help-seeking and perceived treatment effectiveness for both Asperger’s and ASD labels. In sum, concern that the ASD label will increase negative perceptions, at least amongst the general public, is not supported.
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8. Rajab A, Schuelke M, Gill E, Zwirner A, Seifert F, Morales Gonzalez S, Knierim E. {{Recessive DEAF1 mutation associates with autism, intellectual disability, basal ganglia dysfunction and epilepsy}}. {J Med Genet};2015 (Jun 5)
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9. Tillmann J, Olguin A, Tuomainen J, Swettenham J. {{The Effect of Visual Perceptual Load on Auditory Awareness in Autism Spectrum Disorder}}. {J Autism Dev Disord};2015 (Jun 5)
Recent work on visual selective attention has shown that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate an increased perceptual capacity. The current study examined whether increasing visual perceptual load also has less of an effect on auditory awareness in children with ASD. Participants performed either a high- or low load version of a line discrimination task. On a critical trial, an unexpected, task-irrelevant auditory stimulus was played concurrently with the visual stimulus. In contrast to typically developing (TD) children, children with ASD demonstrated similar detection rates across perceptual load conditions, and reported greater awareness than TD children in the high perceptual load condition. These findings suggest an increased perceptual capacity in children with ASD that operates across sensory modalities.
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10. Viel JF, Warembourg C, Le Maner-Idrissi G, Lacroix A, Limon G, Rouget F, Monfort C, Durand G, Cordier S, Chevrier C. {{Pyrethroid insecticide exposure and cognitive developmental disabilities in children: The PELAGIE mother-child cohort}}. {Environ Int};2015 (Sep);82:69-75.
