International Society for Autism Research News in Autism Research (3-3, June 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.146 Titre : International Society for Autism Research News Type de document : texte imprimé Article en page(s) : p.146 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123558417/PDFSTART [article] International Society for Autism Research News [texte imprimé] . - p.146. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.146   Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123558417/PDFSTART

Lay abstracts in Autism Research (3-3, June 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.144-145 Titre : Lay abstracts Type de document : texte imprimé Article en page(s) : p.144-145 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123558413/PDFSTART [article] Lay abstracts [texte imprimé] . - p.144-145. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.144-145   Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123558413/PDFSTART

Clinical genetic microarray testing; ASD neuropathology / Edwin H. Jr COOK in Autism Research (3-3, June 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.142-143 Titre : Clinical genetic microarray testing; ASD neuropathology Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.142-143 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123432060/PDFSTART [article] Clinical genetic microarray testing; ASD neuropathology [texte imprimé] / Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur . - p.142-143. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.142-143   Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123432060/PDFSTART

Confirmation study of PTEN mutations among individuals with autism or developmental delays/mental retardation and macrocephaly / Kim L. McBRIDE in Autism Research (3-3, June 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.137-141 Titre : Confirmation study of PTEN mutations among individuals with autism or developmental delays/mental retardation and macrocephaly Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kim L. McBRIDE, Auteur; Elizabeth A. VARGA, Auteur; Matthew T. PASTORE, Auteur; Thomas W. PRIOR, Auteur; Kandamurugu MANICKAM, Auteur; Joan F. ATKIN, Auteur; Gail E. HERMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.137-141 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : There is a strong genetic component to autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but due to significant genetic heterogeneity, individual genetic abnormalities contribute a small percentage to the overall total. Previous studies have demonstrated PTEN mutations in a sizable proportion of individuals with ASD or mental retardation/developmental delays (MR/DD) and macrocephaly that do not have features of Cowden or Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome. This study was performed to confirm our previous results. We reviewed the charts of individuals who had PTEN clinical sequencing performed at our institution from January 2008 to July 2009. There were 93 subjects tested from our institution during that period. PTEN mutations were found in 2/39 (5.1%) ASD patients and 2/51 (3.9%) MR/DD patients. Three additional patients without mutations had no diagnostic information. Multiple relatives of individuals with a PTEN mutation had macrocephaly, MR, or early onset cancer (breast, renal, and prostate). Of those relatives tested, all had the familial PTEN mutation. None of the affected relatives had previously been diagnosed with Cowden or Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome. We noted in our previous study several adult relatives without any findings who carried a mutation. Combined with data from our previous cohort, we have found PTEN mutations in 7/99 (7.1%) of individuals with ASD and 8/100 (8.0%) of individuals with MR/DD, all of whom had macrocephaly. We recommend testing for mutations in PTEN for individuals with ASD or MR/DD and macrocephaly. If mutations are found, other family members should be offered testing and the adults offered cancer screening if they have a PTEN mutation. Mots-clés : genetic  Cowden-syndrome  molecular-genetics  PTEN  cancer  autism  developmental-delay Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123444482/PDFSTART [article] Confirmation study of PTEN mutations among individuals with autism or developmental delays/mental retardation and macrocephaly [texte imprimé] / Kim L. McBRIDE, Auteur; Elizabeth A. VARGA, Auteur; Matthew T. PASTORE, Auteur; Thomas W. PRIOR, Auteur; Kandamurugu MANICKAM, Auteur; Joan F. ATKIN, Auteur; Gail E. HERMAN, Auteur . - p.137-141. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.137-141   Résumé : There is a strong genetic component to autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but due to significant genetic heterogeneity, individual genetic abnormalities contribute a small percentage to the overall total. Previous studies have demonstrated PTEN mutations in a sizable proportion of individuals with ASD or mental retardation/developmental delays (MR/DD) and macrocephaly that do not have features of Cowden or Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome. This study was performed to confirm our previous results. We reviewed the charts of individuals who had PTEN clinical sequencing performed at our institution from January 2008 to July 2009. There were 93 subjects tested from our institution during that period. PTEN mutations were found in 2/39 (5.1%) ASD patients and 2/51 (3.9%) MR/DD patients. Three additional patients without mutations had no diagnostic information. Multiple relatives of individuals with a PTEN mutation had macrocephaly, MR, or early onset cancer (breast, renal, and prostate). Of those relatives tested, all had the familial PTEN mutation. None of the affected relatives had previously been diagnosed with Cowden or Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome. We noted in our previous study several adult relatives without any findings who carried a mutation. Combined with data from our previous cohort, we have found PTEN mutations in 7/99 (7.1%) of individuals with ASD and 8/100 (8.0%) of individuals with MR/DD, all of whom had macrocephaly. We recommend testing for mutations in PTEN for individuals with ASD or MR/DD and macrocephaly. If mutations are found, other family members should be offered testing and the adults offered cancer screening if they have a PTEN mutation. Mots-clés : genetic  Cowden-syndrome  molecular-genetics  PTEN  cancer  autism  developmental-delay Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123444482/PDFSTART

Object-based attention benefits reveal selective abnormalities of visual integration in autism / Christine M. FALTER in Autism Research (3-3, June 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.128-136 Titre : Object-based attention benefits reveal selective abnormalities of visual integration in autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Christine M. FALTER, Auteur; Kate C. PLAISTED GRANT, Auteur; Greg DAVIS Article en page(s) : p.128-136 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : A pervasive integration deficit could provide a powerful and elegant account of cognitive processing in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, in the case of visual Gestalt grouping, typically assessed by tasks that require participants explicitly to introspect on their own grouping perception, clear evidence for such a deficit remains elusive. To resolve this issue, we adopt an index of Gestalt grouping from the object-based attention literature that does not require participants to assess their own grouping perception. Children with ASD and mental- and chronological-age matched typically developing children (TD) performed speeded orientation discriminations of two diagonal lines. The lines were superimposed on circles that were either grouped together or segmented on the basis of color, proximity or these two dimensions in competition. The magnitude of performance benefits evident for grouped circles, relative to ungrouped circles, provided an index of grouping under various conditions. Children with ASD showed comparable grouping by proximity to the TD group, but reduced grouping by similarity. ASD seems characterized by a selective bias away from grouping by similarity combined with typical levels of grouping by proximity, rather than by a pervasive integration deficit. Mots-clés : autism  Gestalt  grouping  top-down Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123440000/PDFSTART [article] Object-based attention benefits reveal selective abnormalities of visual integration in autism [texte imprimé] / Christine M. FALTER, Auteur; Kate C. PLAISTED GRANT, Auteur; Greg DAVIS . - p.128-136. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.128-136   Résumé : A pervasive integration deficit could provide a powerful and elegant account of cognitive processing in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, in the case of visual Gestalt grouping, typically assessed by tasks that require participants explicitly to introspect on their own grouping perception, clear evidence for such a deficit remains elusive. To resolve this issue, we adopt an index of Gestalt grouping from the object-based attention literature that does not require participants to assess their own grouping perception. Children with ASD and mental- and chronological-age matched typically developing children (TD) performed speeded orientation discriminations of two diagonal lines. The lines were superimposed on circles that were either grouped together or segmented on the basis of color, proximity or these two dimensions in competition. The magnitude of performance benefits evident for grouped circles, relative to ungrouped circles, provided an index of grouping under various conditions. Children with ASD showed comparable grouping by proximity to the TD group, but reduced grouping by similarity. ASD seems characterized by a selective bias away from grouping by similarity combined with typical levels of grouping by proximity, rather than by a pervasive integration deficit. Mots-clés : autism  Gestalt  grouping  top-down Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123440000/PDFSTART

Association between depression and anxiety in high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorders and maternal mood symptoms / Carla A. MAZEFSKY in Autism Research (3-3, June 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.120-127 Titre : Association between depression and anxiety in high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorders and maternal mood symptoms Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur; Caitlin M. CONNER, Auteur; Donald P. OSWALD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.120-127 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : Research suggests that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and their relatives have high rates of depression and anxiety. However, relatively few studies have looked at both factors concurrently. This study examined the potential relationship between maternal mood symptoms and depression and anxiety in their children with ASD. Participants were 31 10- to 17-year-old children with an ASD diagnosis that was supported by gold-standard measures and their biological mothers. Mothers completed the Autism Comorbidity Interview to determine whether the child with ASD met criteria for any depressive or anxiety diagnoses and a questionnaire of their own current mood symptoms. As expected, many children with ASD met criteria for lifetime diagnoses of depressive (32%) and anxiety disorders (39%). Mothers' report of their own current mood symptoms revealed averages within the normal range, though there was significant variability. Approximately 75% of children with ASD could be correctly classified as having a depressive or anxiety disorder history or not based on maternal symptoms of interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, phobic anxiety, depression, and anxiety. The results provide preliminary evidence that maternal mood symptoms may be related to depression and anxiety in their children with ASD. Although the design did not allow for testing of heritability per se, the familial transmission patterns were generally consistent with research in typical populations. While larger follow-up studies are needed, this research has implications for prevention and intervention efforts. Mots-clés : autism  Asperger's-disorder  psychiatric-comorbidity  anxiety  depression  mood-disorders  familial-aggregation  maternal-symptoms Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123432050/PDFSTART [article] Association between depression and anxiety in high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorders and maternal mood symptoms [texte imprimé] / Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur; Caitlin M. CONNER, Auteur; Donald P. OSWALD, Auteur . - p.120-127. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.120-127   Résumé : Research suggests that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and their relatives have high rates of depression and anxiety. However, relatively few studies have looked at both factors concurrently. This study examined the potential relationship between maternal mood symptoms and depression and anxiety in their children with ASD. Participants were 31 10- to 17-year-old children with an ASD diagnosis that was supported by gold-standard measures and their biological mothers. Mothers completed the Autism Comorbidity Interview to determine whether the child with ASD met criteria for any depressive or anxiety diagnoses and a questionnaire of their own current mood symptoms. As expected, many children with ASD met criteria for lifetime diagnoses of depressive (32%) and anxiety disorders (39%). Mothers' report of their own current mood symptoms revealed averages within the normal range, though there was significant variability. Approximately 75% of children with ASD could be correctly classified as having a depressive or anxiety disorder history or not based on maternal symptoms of interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, phobic anxiety, depression, and anxiety. The results provide preliminary evidence that maternal mood symptoms may be related to depression and anxiety in their children with ASD. Although the design did not allow for testing of heritability per se, the familial transmission patterns were generally consistent with research in typical populations. While larger follow-up studies are needed, this research has implications for prevention and intervention efforts. Mots-clés : autism  Asperger's-disorder  psychiatric-comorbidity  anxiety  depression  mood-disorders  familial-aggregation  maternal-symptoms Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123432050/PDFSTART

Susceptibility to the Shepard illusion in participants with autism: reduced top-down influences within perception? / Peter MITCHELL in Autism Research (3-3, June 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.113-119 Titre : Susceptibility to the Shepard illusion in participants with autism: reduced top-down influences within perception? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Peter MITCHELL, Auteur; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur; Isabelle SOULIERES, Auteur; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.113-119 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : Previous research [Ropar & Mitchell, [2002]] has shown that autistic individuals are somewhat immune to biases induced by top-down processes, particularly the influence of previous knowledge on perception. In order to test this hypothesis within perception, 18 participants with autism who had measured intelligence in the normal range were compared against 18 matched controls in their susceptibility to the Shepard illusion. The illusion consists in misperceiving the shape of a parallelogram in the presence of depth cues. It is attributed [Mitchell, Ropar, Ackroyd, & Rajendran, [2005]] to the effect of top-down constraints within perception. The task involved adjusting a stimulus to the dimensions of a template on a computer screen. Both groups were susceptible to the illusion and the illusion effect was stronger when three-dimensional perspective cues were prominent. Notably, participants with autism were less susceptible to the illusion than typically developing individuals. The findings raise the possibility that in some instances top-down influences are attenuated in individuals with autism. Mots-clés : low-level-perception  visual-illusion  3D-perception Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123473585/PDFSTART [article] Susceptibility to the Shepard illusion in participants with autism: reduced top-down influences within perception? [texte imprimé] / Peter MITCHELL, Auteur; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur; Isabelle SOULIERES, Auteur; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur . - p.113-119. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.113-119   Résumé : Previous research [Ropar & Mitchell, [2002]] has shown that autistic individuals are somewhat immune to biases induced by top-down processes, particularly the influence of previous knowledge on perception. In order to test this hypothesis within perception, 18 participants with autism who had measured intelligence in the normal range were compared against 18 matched controls in their susceptibility to the Shepard illusion. The illusion consists in misperceiving the shape of a parallelogram in the presence of depth cues. It is attributed [Mitchell, Ropar, Ackroyd, & Rajendran, [2005]] to the effect of top-down constraints within perception. The task involved adjusting a stimulus to the dimensions of a template on a computer screen. Both groups were susceptible to the illusion and the illusion effect was stronger when three-dimensional perspective cues were prominent. Notably, participants with autism were less susceptible to the illusion than typically developing individuals. The findings raise the possibility that in some instances top-down influences are attenuated in individuals with autism. Mots-clés : low-level-perception  visual-illusion  3D-perception Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123473585/PDFSTART

Externalizing and internalizing behaviors in ASD / Nirit BAUMINGER in Autism Research (3-3, June 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.101-112 Titre : Externalizing and internalizing behaviors in ASD Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nirit BAUMINGER, Auteur; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur; Sally J. ROGERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.101-112 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : The current study investigated the relationships between internalizing and externalizing (I-E) behaviors and family variables, including both parenting stress and quality of attachment relations, in children aged 8-12 with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or with typical development. Compared to the group with typical development, children with ASD exhibited significantly greater levels of psychopathology as assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist [Achenbach, 1991], and parents of children with ASD exhibited higher parenting stress as assessed by the Parenting Stress Index [Abidin, 1995]. In a hierarchical multiple regression analysis, parenting stress emerged as the most important predictor of children's I-E problems. Results are discussed in light of the two groups' similar relationships between parenting stress and child psychopathology. Mots-clés : psychopathology  adaptive  behavior  high-functioning-ASD  parental-stress Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123473587/PDFSTART [article] Externalizing and internalizing behaviors in ASD [texte imprimé] / Nirit BAUMINGER, Auteur; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur; Sally J. ROGERS, Auteur . - p.101-112. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.101-112   Résumé : The current study investigated the relationships between internalizing and externalizing (I-E) behaviors and family variables, including both parenting stress and quality of attachment relations, in children aged 8-12 with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or with typical development. Compared to the group with typical development, children with ASD exhibited significantly greater levels of psychopathology as assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist [Achenbach, 1991], and parents of children with ASD exhibited higher parenting stress as assessed by the Parenting Stress Index [Abidin, 1995]. In a hierarchical multiple regression analysis, parenting stress emerged as the most important predictor of children's I-E problems. Results are discussed in light of the two groups' similar relationships between parenting stress and child psychopathology. Mots-clés : psychopathology  adaptive  behavior  high-functioning-ASD  parental-stress Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123473587/PDFSTART

How Parents Perceive and Feel about Participation in Community Activities: The Comparison between Parents of Preschoolers with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders / Shui-Fong LAM in Autism (14-5, July 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.359-377 Titre : How Parents Perceive and Feel about Participation in Community Activities: The Comparison between Parents of Preschoolers with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Shui-Fong LAM, Auteur; Bernard P.H. WONG, Auteur; Doris LEUNG, Auteur; Daphne HO, Auteur; Peter AU-YEUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.359-377 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : The present study compared how parents of preschoolers with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) perceived and felt about participation in community activities. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 380 Hong Kong parents of preschoolers with ASD and 214 Hong Kong parents of preschoolers without ASD. The two groups were not different in their willingness and frequency of participation in community activities. However, the psychological processes underneath their willingness were very different. Among the parents of preschoolers with ASD, their willingness was associated with how they perceived the difficulty and importance of the participation and what emotions they experienced during the activities. This pattern of association was not evident among the parents of preschoolers without ASD. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/359.full.pdf+html [article] How Parents Perceive and Feel about Participation in Community Activities: The Comparison between Parents of Preschoolers with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders [texte imprimé] / Shui-Fong LAM, Auteur; Bernard P.H. WONG, Auteur; Doris LEUNG, Auteur; Daphne HO, Auteur; Peter AU-YEUNG, Auteur . - p.359-377. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.359-377   Résumé : The present study compared how parents of preschoolers with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) perceived and felt about participation in community activities. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 380 Hong Kong parents of preschoolers with ASD and 214 Hong Kong parents of preschoolers without ASD. The two groups were not different in their willingness and frequency of participation in community activities. However, the psychological processes underneath their willingness were very different. Among the parents of preschoolers with ASD, their willingness was associated with how they perceived the difficulty and importance of the participation and what emotions they experienced during the activities. This pattern of association was not evident among the parents of preschoolers without ASD. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/359.full.pdf+html

Brief report: Electroconvulsive therapy for malignant catatonia in an autistic adolescent / Lee Elizabeth WACHTEL in Autism (14-5, July 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.349-358 Titre : Brief report: Electroconvulsive therapy for malignant catatonia in an autistic adolescent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lee Elizabeth WACHTEL, Auteur; Margaret Merrie GRIFFIN, Auteur; Dirk M. DHOSSCHE, Auteur; Irving Michael RETI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.349-358 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : A 14-year-old male with autism and mild mental retardation developed malignant catatonia characterized by classic symptoms of catatonia, bradycardia and hypothermia. Bilateral electroconvulsive therapy and lorazepam were required for resolution. The case expands the occurrence of catatonia in autism into its malignant variant. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/349.full.pdf+html [article] Brief report: Electroconvulsive therapy for malignant catatonia in an autistic adolescent [texte imprimé] / Lee Elizabeth WACHTEL, Auteur; Margaret Merrie GRIFFIN, Auteur; Dirk M. DHOSSCHE, Auteur; Irving Michael RETI, Auteur . - p.349-358. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.349-358   Résumé : A 14-year-old male with autism and mild mental retardation developed malignant catatonia characterized by classic symptoms of catatonia, bradycardia and hypothermia. Bilateral electroconvulsive therapy and lorazepam were required for resolution. The case expands the occurrence of catatonia in autism into its malignant variant. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/349.full.pdf+html

Increasing social responsiveness in a child with autism: A comparison of music and non-music interventions / Emily FINNIGAN in Autism (14-5, July 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.321-348 Titre : Increasing social responsiveness in a child with autism: A comparison of music and non-music interventions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Emily FINNIGAN, Auteur; Elizabeth STARR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.321-348 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : This study sought to determine the effects of using music and non-music interventions on the social responsive and avoidant behaviours of a preschool child with autism. A single-subject alternating treatment design was used in which two interventions were presented in a similar fashion except for the addition of music during the music condition. Four phases took place: baseline (Phase A), alternating treatments (Phase B), a second treatment phase (Phase C) using the condition that proved to be more effective in Phase B, and follow-up (Phase D). Data were collected over a total of 12 treatment sessions for various social responsive and avoidant behaviours. Results indicated that the music intervention was more effective than the non-music intervention in increasing all three social responsive behaviours in both Phases B and C. Furthermore, no avoidant behaviours were observed during the music condition. It is suggested that the music condition was more motivating for the participant than the non-music condition, resulting in more social responsive behaviours. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/321.full.pdf+html [article] Increasing social responsiveness in a child with autism: A comparison of music and non-music interventions [texte imprimé] / Emily FINNIGAN, Auteur; Elizabeth STARR, Auteur . - p.321-348. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.321-348   Résumé : This study sought to determine the effects of using music and non-music interventions on the social responsive and avoidant behaviours of a preschool child with autism. A single-subject alternating treatment design was used in which two interventions were presented in a similar fashion except for the addition of music during the music condition. Four phases took place: baseline (Phase A), alternating treatments (Phase B), a second treatment phase (Phase C) using the condition that proved to be more effective in Phase B, and follow-up (Phase D). Data were collected over a total of 12 treatment sessions for various social responsive and avoidant behaviours. Results indicated that the music intervention was more effective than the non-music intervention in increasing all three social responsive behaviours in both Phases B and C. Furthermore, no avoidant behaviours were observed during the music condition. It is suggested that the music condition was more motivating for the participant than the non-music condition, resulting in more social responsive behaviours. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/321.full.pdf+html

Visual influences on speech perception in children with autism / Grace IAROCCI in Autism (14-5, July 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.305-320 Titre : Visual influences on speech perception in children with autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Grace IAROCCI, Auteur; Adrienne ROMBOUGH, Auteur; Jodi YAGER, Auteur; Daniel J. WEEKS, Auteur; Romeo CHUA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.305-320 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : The bimodal perception of speech sounds was examined in children with autism as compared to mental age—matched typically developing (TD) children. A computer task was employed wherein only the mouth region of the face was displayed and children reported what they heard or saw when presented with consonant-vowel sounds in unimodal auditory condition, unimodal visual condition, and a bimodal condition. Children with autism showed less visual influence and more auditory influence on their bimodal speech perception as compared to their TD peers, largely due to significantly worse performance in the unimodal visual condition (lip reading). Children with autism may not benefit to the same extent as TD children from visual cues such as lip reading that typically support the processing of speech sounds. The disadvantage in lip reading may be detrimental when auditory input is degraded, for example in school settings, whereby speakers are communicating in frequently noisy environments. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/305.full.pdf+html [article] Visual influences on speech perception in children with autism [texte imprimé] / Grace IAROCCI, Auteur; Adrienne ROMBOUGH, Auteur; Jodi YAGER, Auteur; Daniel J. WEEKS, Auteur; Romeo CHUA, Auteur . - p.305-320. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.305-320   Résumé : The bimodal perception of speech sounds was examined in children with autism as compared to mental age—matched typically developing (TD) children. A computer task was employed wherein only the mouth region of the face was displayed and children reported what they heard or saw when presented with consonant-vowel sounds in unimodal auditory condition, unimodal visual condition, and a bimodal condition. Children with autism showed less visual influence and more auditory influence on their bimodal speech perception as compared to their TD peers, largely due to significantly worse performance in the unimodal visual condition (lip reading). Children with autism may not benefit to the same extent as TD children from visual cues such as lip reading that typically support the processing of speech sounds. The disadvantage in lip reading may be detrimental when auditory input is degraded, for example in school settings, whereby speakers are communicating in frequently noisy environments. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/305.full.pdf+html

Recognising ‘social’ and ‘non-social’ emotions in self and others: A study of autism / David WILLIAMS in Autism (14-5, July 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.285-304 Titre : Recognising ‘social’ and ‘non-social’ emotions in self and others: A study of autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David WILLIAMS, Auteur; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.285-304 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : Studies of emotion processing in autism have produced mixed results, with fewer studies observing autism-specific deficits than might be imagined. In the current study, 21 individuals with autism and 21 age- and ability-matched, learning disabled comparison participants were tested for their ability to (a) recognise, in others, expressions of ‘social’ emotions (e.g., embarrassment) and ‘non-social’ emotions (e.g., happiness) and; (b) report their own previous experiences of each of these emotions. In line with predictions, amongst both groups of participants, social emotions were more difficult to recognise and report than non-social emotions. Also amongst both groups, the ability to report social emotion-experience was significantly associated with the ability to recognise social emotions in others, independent of age and verbal ability. However, contrary to predictions, no between-group differences in levels or patterns of performance on the experimental tasks were observed. In light of previous research, these results suggest either that emotion-processing is not as specifically impaired in autism as is traditionally thought to be the case, or that individuals with autism are implementing compensatory strategies to succeed on experimental tasks in the absence of emotion-processing competence. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/285.full.pdf+html [article] Recognising ‘social’ and ‘non-social’ emotions in self and others: A study of autism [texte imprimé] / David WILLIAMS, Auteur; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.285-304. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.285-304   Résumé : Studies of emotion processing in autism have produced mixed results, with fewer studies observing autism-specific deficits than might be imagined. In the current study, 21 individuals with autism and 21 age- and ability-matched, learning disabled comparison participants were tested for their ability to (a) recognise, in others, expressions of ‘social’ emotions (e.g., embarrassment) and ‘non-social’ emotions (e.g., happiness) and; (b) report their own previous experiences of each of these emotions. In line with predictions, amongst both groups of participants, social emotions were more difficult to recognise and report than non-social emotions. Also amongst both groups, the ability to report social emotion-experience was significantly associated with the ability to recognise social emotions in others, independent of age and verbal ability. However, contrary to predictions, no between-group differences in levels or patterns of performance on the experimental tasks were observed. In light of previous research, these results suggest either that emotion-processing is not as specifically impaired in autism as is traditionally thought to be the case, or that individuals with autism are implementing compensatory strategies to succeed on experimental tasks in the absence of emotion-processing competence. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/285.full.pdf+html

Screening Accuracy of Level 2 Autism Spectrum Disorder Rating Scales: A Review of Selected Instruments / Megan NORRIS in Autism (14-5, July 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.263-284 Titre : Screening Accuracy of Level 2 Autism Spectrum Disorder Rating Scales: A Review of Selected Instruments Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Megan NORRIS, Auteur; Luc LECAVALIER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.263-284 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Résumé : The goal of this review was to examine the state of Level 2, caregiver-completed rating scales for the screening of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) in individuals above the age of three years. We focused on screening accuracy and paid particular attention to comparison groups. Inclusion criteria required that scales be developed post ICD-10, be ASD-specific, and have published evidence of diagnostic validity in peer-reviewed journals. The five scales reviewed were: the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), Gilliam Autism Rating Scale/Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (GARS/GARS-2), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), and Asperger Syndrome Diagnostic Scale (ASDS). Twenty total studies were located, most examining the SCQ. Research on the other scales was limited. Comparisons between scales were few and available evidence of diagnostic validity is scarce for certain subpopulations (e.g., lower functioning individuals, PDDNOS). Overall, the SCQ performed well, the SRS and ASSQ showed promise, and the GARS/GARS-2 and ASDS demonstrated poor sensitivity. This review indicates that Level 2 ASD caregiver-completed rating scales are in need of much more scientific scrutiny. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/263.full.pdf+html [article] Screening Accuracy of Level 2 Autism Spectrum Disorder Rating Scales: A Review of Selected Instruments [texte imprimé] / Megan NORRIS, Auteur; Luc LECAVALIER, Auteur . - p.263-284. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.263-284   Résumé : The goal of this review was to examine the state of Level 2, caregiver-completed rating scales for the screening of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) in individuals above the age of three years. We focused on screening accuracy and paid particular attention to comparison groups. Inclusion criteria required that scales be developed post ICD-10, be ASD-specific, and have published evidence of diagnostic validity in peer-reviewed journals. The five scales reviewed were: the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), Gilliam Autism Rating Scale/Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (GARS/GARS-2), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), and Asperger Syndrome Diagnostic Scale (ASDS). Twenty total studies were located, most examining the SCQ. Research on the other scales was limited. Comparisons between scales were few and available evidence of diagnostic validity is scarce for certain subpopulations (e.g., lower functioning individuals, PDDNOS). Overall, the SCQ performed well, the SRS and ASSQ showed promise, and the GARS/GARS-2 and ASDS demonstrated poor sensitivity. This review indicates that Level 2 ASD caregiver-completed rating scales are in need of much more scientific scrutiny. Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/263.full.pdf+html

Editorial / David S. MANDELL in Autism (14-5, July 2010)

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.259-261 Titre : Editorial Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David S. MANDELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.259-261 Langues : Anglais (eng)   Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/259.full.pdf+html [article] Editorial [texte imprimé] / David S. MANDELL, Auteur . - p.259-261. Langues : Anglais (eng) inAutism > 14-5 (July 2010) . - p.259-261   Plan de Classement : PER Périodiques   En ligne depuis le poste de consultation du CID : http://aut.sagepub.com/content/14/4/259.full.pdf+html