Dépouillements

Editorial: “Better by design” – why randomized controlled trials are the building blocks of evidence-based practice in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.225-226 Titre : Editorial: “Better by design” – why randomized controlled trials are the building blocks of evidence-based practice Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.225-226 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12051 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Editorial: “Better by design” – why randomized controlled trials are the building blocks of evidence-based practice [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.225-226. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.225-226 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12051 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Practitioner Review: Current best practice in the management of adverse events during treatment with ADHD medications in children and adolescents / Samuele CORTESE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.227-246 Titre : Practitioner Review: Current best practice in the management of adverse events during treatment with ADHD medications in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Samuele CORTESE, Auteur ; Martin HOLTMANN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; David R. COGHILL, Auteur ; Marina DANCKAERTS, Auteur ; Ralf W. DITTMANN, Auteur ; John GRAHAM, Auteur ; Eric TAYLOR, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Adhd Guidelines Group ON BEHALF OF THE EUROPEAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.227-246 Mots-clés : ADHD  medication  adverse events  management  recommendations  European Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Medication is an important element of therapeutic strategies for ADHD. While medications for ADHD are generally well-tolerated, there are common, although less severe, as well as rare but severe adverse events AEs during treatment with ADHD drugs. The aim of this review is to provide evidence- and expert-based guidance concerning the management of (AEs) with medications for ADHD. Methods: For ease of use by practitioners and clinicians, the article is organized in a simple question and answer format regarding the prevalence and management of the most common AEs. Answers were based on empirical evidence from studies (preferably meta-analyses or systematic reviews) retrieved in PubMed, Ovid, EMBASE and Web of Knowledge through 30 June 2012. When no empirical evidence was available, expert consensus of the members of the European ADHD Guidelines Group is provided. The evidence-level of the management recommendations was based on the SIGN grading system. Results: The review covers monitoring and management strategies of loss of appetite and growth delay, cardiovascular risks, sleep disturbance, tics, substance misuse/abuse, seizures, suicidal thoughts/behaviours and psychotic symptoms. Conclusion: Most AEs during treatment with drugs for ADHD are manageable and most of the times it is not necessary to stop medication, so that patients with ADHD may continue to benefit from the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12036 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Practitioner Review: Current best practice in the management of adverse events during treatment with ADHD medications in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Samuele CORTESE, Auteur ; Martin HOLTMANN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; David R. COGHILL, Auteur ; Marina DANCKAERTS, Auteur ; Ralf W. DITTMANN, Auteur ; John GRAHAM, Auteur ; Eric TAYLOR, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Adhd Guidelines Group ON BEHALF OF THE EUROPEAN, Auteur . - p.227-246. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.227-246 Mots-clés : ADHD  medication  adverse events  management  recommendations  European Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Medication is an important element of therapeutic strategies for ADHD. While medications for ADHD are generally well-tolerated, there are common, although less severe, as well as rare but severe adverse events AEs during treatment with ADHD drugs. The aim of this review is to provide evidence- and expert-based guidance concerning the management of (AEs) with medications for ADHD. Methods: For ease of use by practitioners and clinicians, the article is organized in a simple question and answer format regarding the prevalence and management of the most common AEs. Answers were based on empirical evidence from studies (preferably meta-analyses or systematic reviews) retrieved in PubMed, Ovid, EMBASE and Web of Knowledge through 30 June 2012. When no empirical evidence was available, expert consensus of the members of the European ADHD Guidelines Group is provided. The evidence-level of the management recommendations was based on the SIGN grading system. Results: The review covers monitoring and management strategies of loss of appetite and growth delay, cardiovascular risks, sleep disturbance, tics, substance misuse/abuse, seizures, suicidal thoughts/behaviours and psychotic symptoms. Conclusion: Most AEs during treatment with drugs for ADHD are manageable and most of the times it is not necessary to stop medication, so that patients with ADHD may continue to benefit from the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12036 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Research Review: Emanuel Miller Memorial Lecture 2012 – Neuroscientific studies of intervention for language impairment in children: interpretive and methodological problems / Dorothy V. M. BISHOP in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.247-259 Titre : Research Review: Emanuel Miller Memorial Lecture 2012 – Neuroscientific studies of intervention for language impairment in children: interpretive and methodological problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dorothy V. M. BISHOP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.247-259 Mots-clés : Intervention  neuroscience  language impairment  brain imaging  fMRI  ERP  MEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Our ability to look at structure and function of a living brain has increased exponentially since the early 1970s. Many studies of developmental disorders now routinely include a brain imaging or electrophysiological component. Amid current enthusiasm for applications of neuroscience to educational interventions, we need to pause to consider what neuroimaging data can tell us. Images of brain activity are seductive, and have been used to give credibility to commercial interventions, yet we have only a limited idea of what the brain bases of language disorders are, let alone how to alter them. Scope and findings: A review of six studies of neuroimaging correlates of language intervention found recurring methodological problems: lack of an adequate control group, inadequate power, incomplete reporting of data, no correction for multiple comparisons, data dredging and failure to analyse treatment effects appropriately. In addition, there is a tendency to regard neuroimaging data as more meaningful than behavioural data, even though it is behaviour that interventions aim to alter. Conclusion: In our current state of knowledge, it would be better to spend research funds doing well-designed trials of behavioural treatment to establish which methods are effective, rather than rushing headlong into functional imaging studies of unproven treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12034 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Research Review: Emanuel Miller Memorial Lecture 2012 – Neuroscientific studies of intervention for language impairment in children: interpretive and methodological problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dorothy V. M. BISHOP, Auteur . - p.247-259. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.247-259 Mots-clés : Intervention  neuroscience  language impairment  brain imaging  fMRI  ERP  MEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Our ability to look at structure and function of a living brain has increased exponentially since the early 1970s. Many studies of developmental disorders now routinely include a brain imaging or electrophysiological component. Amid current enthusiasm for applications of neuroscience to educational interventions, we need to pause to consider what neuroimaging data can tell us. Images of brain activity are seductive, and have been used to give credibility to commercial interventions, yet we have only a limited idea of what the brain bases of language disorders are, let alone how to alter them. Scope and findings: A review of six studies of neuroimaging correlates of language intervention found recurring methodological problems: lack of an adequate control group, inadequate power, incomplete reporting of data, no correction for multiple comparisons, data dredging and failure to analyse treatment effects appropriately. In addition, there is a tendency to regard neuroimaging data as more meaningful than behavioural data, even though it is behaviour that interventions aim to alter. Conclusion: In our current state of knowledge, it would be better to spend research funds doing well-designed trials of behavioural treatment to establish which methods are effective, rather than rushing headlong into functional imaging studies of unproven treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12034 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

A neurophysiological marker of impaired preparation in an 11-year follow-up study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) / Mirko DOEHNERT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.260-270 Titre : A neurophysiological marker of impaired preparation in an 11-year follow-up study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mirko DOEHNERT, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Gudrun SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Renate DRECHSLER, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.260-270 Mots-clés : ADHD  developmental lag  CPT  CNV  RT-SD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This longitudinal electrophysiological study investigated the course of multiple impaired cognitive brain functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood to adulthood by comparing developmental trajectories of individuals with ADHD and typically developing controls. Methods: Subjects with ADHD (N = 11) and normal controls (N = 12) diagnosed in childhood [mean age ADHD/CTRL = 10.9 years [SD 1.72]/10.0 years (SD 1.03)] were followed up after 1.1 and 2.4 years, and as young adults [ADHD/CTRL: 21.9 years (SD 1.46)/21.1 years (SD 1.29)]. At all four times, event-related potential (ERP) maps were recorded during a cued continuous performance test (CPT). We focused on residual deficits as adults, and on developmental trajectories (time and time × group effects) for CPT performance and attentional (Cue P300), preparatory (CNV: contingent negative variation) and inhibitory (NoGo P300) ERP components. Results: All ERP components developed without significant time × group interactions. Only the CNV remained reduced in the ADHD group, although 8/11 individuals no longer met a full ADHD diagnosis as adults. Cue P300 and NoGo P300 group differences became nonsignificant in early adulthood. The CNV parameters correlated with reaction time (RT) and RT-SD. Perceptual sensitivity improved and the groups’ trajectories converged with development, while RT-SD continued to be elevated in adult ADHD subjects. Conclusions: Attentional and preparatory deficits in ADHD continue into adulthood, and the attenuated CNV appears to reflect a particularly stable ADHD marker. Although some deficit reductions may have gone undetected due to small sample size, the findings challenge those developmental lag models postulating that most ADHD-related deficits become negligible with brain maturation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02572.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] A neurophysiological marker of impaired preparation in an 11-year follow-up study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mirko DOEHNERT, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Gudrun SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Renate DRECHSLER, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur . - p.260-270. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.260-270 Mots-clés : ADHD  developmental lag  CPT  CNV  RT-SD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This longitudinal electrophysiological study investigated the course of multiple impaired cognitive brain functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood to adulthood by comparing developmental trajectories of individuals with ADHD and typically developing controls. Methods: Subjects with ADHD (N = 11) and normal controls (N = 12) diagnosed in childhood [mean age ADHD/CTRL = 10.9 years [SD 1.72]/10.0 years (SD 1.03)] were followed up after 1.1 and 2.4 years, and as young adults [ADHD/CTRL: 21.9 years (SD 1.46)/21.1 years (SD 1.29)]. At all four times, event-related potential (ERP) maps were recorded during a cued continuous performance test (CPT). We focused on residual deficits as adults, and on developmental trajectories (time and time × group effects) for CPT performance and attentional (Cue P300), preparatory (CNV: contingent negative variation) and inhibitory (NoGo P300) ERP components. Results: All ERP components developed without significant time × group interactions. Only the CNV remained reduced in the ADHD group, although 8/11 individuals no longer met a full ADHD diagnosis as adults. Cue P300 and NoGo P300 group differences became nonsignificant in early adulthood. The CNV parameters correlated with reaction time (RT) and RT-SD. Perceptual sensitivity improved and the groups’ trajectories converged with development, while RT-SD continued to be elevated in adult ADHD subjects. Conclusions: Attentional and preparatory deficits in ADHD continue into adulthood, and the attenuated CNV appears to reflect a particularly stable ADHD marker. Although some deficit reductions may have gone undetected due to small sample size, the findings challenge those developmental lag models postulating that most ADHD-related deficits become negligible with brain maturation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02572.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Commentary: Persistent time estimation deficits in ADHD? From developmental trajectories to individual targets for intervention – reflections on Doehnert et al. (2013) / Martin HOLTMANN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.271-272 Titre : Commentary: Persistent time estimation deficits in ADHD? From developmental trajectories to individual targets for intervention – reflections on Doehnert et al. (2013) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Martin HOLTMANN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.271-272 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12033 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Commentary: Persistent time estimation deficits in ADHD? From developmental trajectories to individual targets for intervention – reflections on Doehnert et al. (2013) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Martin HOLTMANN, Auteur . - p.271-272. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.271-272 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12033 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Finger tapping-related activation differences in treatment-naïve pediatric Tourette syndrome: a comparison of the preferred and nonpreferred hand / Veit ROESSNER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.273-279 Titre : Finger tapping-related activation differences in treatment-naïve pediatric Tourette syndrome: a comparison of the preferred and nonpreferred hand Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Matthias WITTFOTH, Auteur ; Julia M. AUGUST, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Jürgen BAUDEWIG, Auteur ; Peter DECHENT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.273-279 Mots-clés : Finger tapping  motor network  tourette syndrome  primary sensorimotor cortex  children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Disturbances of motor circuitry are commonly encountered in Tourette syndrome (TS). The aim of this study was to investigate simple motor performance differences between boys with TS and healthy controls. Methods: We attempted to provide insight into motor network alterations by studying a group of treatment-naïve patients suffering from ‘pure’ TS, i.e., without comorbid symptomatology at an early stage of disease. We used functional MRI to compare activation patterns during right (preferred) and left (nonpreferred) index finger tapping between 22 TS boys (12.6 ± 1.7 years) and 22 age-matched healthy control boys. Results: Boys with TS revealed altered motor network recruitment for right (dominant) and left (nondominant) index finger tapping. Brain activation patterns in response to index finger tapping of the nonpreferred left hand reflected the most prominent differences, including activation decrease in contralateral sensorimotor cortex while recruiting premotor and prefrontal regions along with the left inferior parietal lobule to a greater extent. Conclusions: This study demonstrates clear functional differences of simple index finger tapping in early-stage TS. We suggest that this reflects the requirement for additional brain networks to keep a normal performance level during the actual task and adaptive mechanisms due to continuous tic suppression and performance in TS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02584.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Finger tapping-related activation differences in treatment-naïve pediatric Tourette syndrome: a comparison of the preferred and nonpreferred hand [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Matthias WITTFOTH, Auteur ; Julia M. AUGUST, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Jürgen BAUDEWIG, Auteur ; Peter DECHENT, Auteur . - p.273-279. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.273-279 Mots-clés : Finger tapping  motor network  tourette syndrome  primary sensorimotor cortex  children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Disturbances of motor circuitry are commonly encountered in Tourette syndrome (TS). The aim of this study was to investigate simple motor performance differences between boys with TS and healthy controls. Methods: We attempted to provide insight into motor network alterations by studying a group of treatment-naïve patients suffering from ‘pure’ TS, i.e., without comorbid symptomatology at an early stage of disease. We used functional MRI to compare activation patterns during right (preferred) and left (nonpreferred) index finger tapping between 22 TS boys (12.6 ± 1.7 years) and 22 age-matched healthy control boys. Results: Boys with TS revealed altered motor network recruitment for right (dominant) and left (nondominant) index finger tapping. Brain activation patterns in response to index finger tapping of the nonpreferred left hand reflected the most prominent differences, including activation decrease in contralateral sensorimotor cortex while recruiting premotor and prefrontal regions along with the left inferior parietal lobule to a greater extent. Conclusions: This study demonstrates clear functional differences of simple index finger tapping in early-stage TS. We suggest that this reflects the requirement for additional brain networks to keep a normal performance level during the actual task and adaptive mechanisms due to continuous tic suppression and performance in TS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02584.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Efficacy of language intervention in the early years / Silke FRICKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.280-290 Titre : Efficacy of language intervention in the early years Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Silke FRICKE, Auteur ; Claudine BOWYER-CRANE, Auteur ; Allyson J. HALEY, Auteur ; Charles HULME, Auteur ; Margaret J. SNOWLING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.280-290 Mots-clés : Intervention  language  mediation  reading  education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Oral language skills in the preschool and early school years are critical to educational success and provide the foundations for the later development of reading comprehension. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 180 children from 15 UK nursery schools (n = 12 from each setting; Mage = 4;0) were randomly allocated to receive a 30-week oral language intervention or to a waiting control group. Children in the intervention group received 30 weeks of oral language intervention, beginning in nursery (preschool), in three group sessions per week, continuing with daily sessions on transition to Reception class (pre-Year 1). The intervention was delivered by nursery staff and teaching assistants trained and supported by the research team. Following screening, children were assessed preintervention, following completion of the intervention and after a 6-month delay. Results: Children in the intervention group showed significantly better performance on measures of oral language and spoken narrative skills than children in the waiting control group immediately after the 30 week intervention and after a 6 month delay. Gains in word-level literacy skills were weaker, though clear improvements were observed on measures of phonological awareness. Importantly, improvements in oral language skills generalized to a standardized measure of reading comprehension at maintenance test. Conclusions: Early intervention for children with oral language difficulties is effective and can successfully support the skills, which underpin reading comprehension. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Efficacy of language intervention in the early years [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Silke FRICKE, Auteur ; Claudine BOWYER-CRANE, Auteur ; Allyson J. HALEY, Auteur ; Charles HULME, Auteur ; Margaret J. SNOWLING, Auteur . - p.280-290. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.280-290 Mots-clés : Intervention  language  mediation  reading  education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Oral language skills in the preschool and early school years are critical to educational success and provide the foundations for the later development of reading comprehension. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 180 children from 15 UK nursery schools (n = 12 from each setting; Mage = 4;0) were randomly allocated to receive a 30-week oral language intervention or to a waiting control group. Children in the intervention group received 30 weeks of oral language intervention, beginning in nursery (preschool), in three group sessions per week, continuing with daily sessions on transition to Reception class (pre-Year 1). The intervention was delivered by nursery staff and teaching assistants trained and supported by the research team. Following screening, children were assessed preintervention, following completion of the intervention and after a 6-month delay. Results: Children in the intervention group showed significantly better performance on measures of oral language and spoken narrative skills than children in the waiting control group immediately after the 30 week intervention and after a 6 month delay. Gains in word-level literacy skills were weaker, though clear improvements were observed on measures of phonological awareness. Importantly, improvements in oral language skills generalized to a standardized measure of reading comprehension at maintenance test. Conclusions: Early intervention for children with oral language difficulties is effective and can successfully support the skills, which underpin reading comprehension. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Effects of juvenile court exposure on crime in young adulthood / Amélie PETITCLERC in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.291-297 Titre : Effects of juvenile court exposure on crime in young adulthood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amélie PETITCLERC, Auteur ; Uberto GATTI, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.291-297 Mots-clés : Criminal behavior  violence  recidivism  penal justice  juvenile offenders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The juvenile justice system’s interventions are expected to help reduce recidivism. However, previous studies suggest that official processing in juvenile court fails to reduce adolescents’ criminal behavior in the following year. Longer term effects have not yet been investigated with a rigorous method. This study used propensity score matching to assess the impact of juvenile court processing into young adulthood. Method: Participants were part of a prospective longitudinal study of 1,037 boys from low- socioeconomic areas of Montreal, followed from ages 6–25 years. During their adolescence, 176 participants were processed in juvenile court, whereas 225 were arrested, but not sent to court. Propensity score matching was used to balance the group of participants exposed to juvenile court and the unexposed comparison group on 14 preadolescent child, family and peer characteristics. The two groups were compared on their official adult criminal outcomes. Results: The risk of conviction for an adult offence was 50.0% for court-processed participants compared with 24.3% for their matched counterparts, OR = 3.13, 95% CI = 1.80–5.44. Court-processed participants committed an average of 0.39 violent crimes, compared with 0.15 for their matched counterparts; Poisson model IRR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.39–4.87. They also committed an average of 2.38 nonviolent crimes, compared to 1.30 for their matched counterparts, IRR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.19–2.93. Conclusions: Rather than decreasing recidivism, juvenile court intervention increased both violent and nonviolent future crimes. Along with previous studies, this study highlights a pressing need for more research and knowledge transfer about effective interventions to reduce recidivism among youths who commit crime. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02616.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Effects of juvenile court exposure on crime in young adulthood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amélie PETITCLERC, Auteur ; Uberto GATTI, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur . - p.291-297. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.291-297 Mots-clés : Criminal behavior  violence  recidivism  penal justice  juvenile offenders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The juvenile justice system’s interventions are expected to help reduce recidivism. However, previous studies suggest that official processing in juvenile court fails to reduce adolescents’ criminal behavior in the following year. Longer term effects have not yet been investigated with a rigorous method. This study used propensity score matching to assess the impact of juvenile court processing into young adulthood. Method: Participants were part of a prospective longitudinal study of 1,037 boys from low- socioeconomic areas of Montreal, followed from ages 6–25 years. During their adolescence, 176 participants were processed in juvenile court, whereas 225 were arrested, but not sent to court. Propensity score matching was used to balance the group of participants exposed to juvenile court and the unexposed comparison group on 14 preadolescent child, family and peer characteristics. The two groups were compared on their official adult criminal outcomes. Results: The risk of conviction for an adult offence was 50.0% for court-processed participants compared with 24.3% for their matched counterparts, OR = 3.13, 95% CI = 1.80–5.44. Court-processed participants committed an average of 0.39 violent crimes, compared with 0.15 for their matched counterparts; Poisson model IRR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.39–4.87. They also committed an average of 2.38 nonviolent crimes, compared to 1.30 for their matched counterparts, IRR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.19–2.93. Conclusions: Rather than decreasing recidivism, juvenile court intervention increased both violent and nonviolent future crimes. Along with previous studies, this study highlights a pressing need for more research and knowledge transfer about effective interventions to reduce recidivism among youths who commit crime. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02616.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Gene–environment interaction in externalizing problems among adolescents: evidence from the Pelotas 1993 Birth Cohort Study / Christian KIELING in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.298-304 Titre : Gene–environment interaction in externalizing problems among adolescents: evidence from the Pelotas 1993 Birth Cohort Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christian KIELING, Auteur ; Mara H. HUTZ, Auteur ; Júlia P. GENRO, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Luciana ANSELMI, Auteur ; Suzi CAMEY, Auteur ; Pedro C. HALLAL, Auteur ; Fernando C. BARROS, Auteur ; Cesar G. VICTORA, Auteur ; Ana Maria B. MENEZES, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.298-304 Mots-clés : Gene–environment interaction  DAT1  maternal smoking  MAOA  childhood maltreatment  externalizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The study of gene–environment interactions (G × E) is one of the most promising strategies to uncover the origins of mental disorders. Replication of initial findings, however, is essential because there is a strong possibility of publication bias in the literature. In addition, there is a scarcity of research on the topic originated from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The aim of this study was to replicate G × E hypotheses for externalizing problems among adolescents in a middle-income country. Methods: As part of the Pelotas 1993 Birth Cohort Study, 5,249 children were enrolled at birth and followed up to the age of 15 years, with an 85.7% retention rate. We sought an interaction between the homozygosity of the 10-repeat allele at the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene and prenatal maternal smoking in the development of hyperactivity problems during adolescence assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. We also tested for an interaction between the uVNTR polymorphism at the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and the experience of childhood maltreatment in the occurrence of conduct problems among adolescent boys. Results: Although there was a clear association between prenatal maternal smoking and hyperactivity scores in adolescence (p 0.001), no main genetic or interaction effects for the DAT1 gene were detected. Similarly, childhood maltreatment showed to be associated with conduct problems among boys (p 0.001), with no observable main genetic or interaction effects for the MAOA gene. Conclusions: In the largest mental health G × E study performed in a LMIC to date, we did not replicate previous positive findings from the literature. Despite the presence of main environmental effects, there was no evidence of effect modification by genotype status. Additional replication efforts to measure G × E are needed to better understand the origins of mental health and illness, especially in LMIC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12022 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Gene–environment interaction in externalizing problems among adolescents: evidence from the Pelotas 1993 Birth Cohort Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christian KIELING, Auteur ; Mara H. HUTZ, Auteur ; Júlia P. GENRO, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Luciana ANSELMI, Auteur ; Suzi CAMEY, Auteur ; Pedro C. HALLAL, Auteur ; Fernando C. BARROS, Auteur ; Cesar G. VICTORA, Auteur ; Ana Maria B. MENEZES, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur . - p.298-304. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.298-304 Mots-clés : Gene–environment interaction  DAT1  maternal smoking  MAOA  childhood maltreatment  externalizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The study of gene–environment interactions (G × E) is one of the most promising strategies to uncover the origins of mental disorders. Replication of initial findings, however, is essential because there is a strong possibility of publication bias in the literature. In addition, there is a scarcity of research on the topic originated from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The aim of this study was to replicate G × E hypotheses for externalizing problems among adolescents in a middle-income country. Methods: As part of the Pelotas 1993 Birth Cohort Study, 5,249 children were enrolled at birth and followed up to the age of 15 years, with an 85.7% retention rate. We sought an interaction between the homozygosity of the 10-repeat allele at the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene and prenatal maternal smoking in the development of hyperactivity problems during adolescence assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. We also tested for an interaction between the uVNTR polymorphism at the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and the experience of childhood maltreatment in the occurrence of conduct problems among adolescent boys. Results: Although there was a clear association between prenatal maternal smoking and hyperactivity scores in adolescence (p 0.001), no main genetic or interaction effects for the DAT1 gene were detected. Similarly, childhood maltreatment showed to be associated with conduct problems among boys (p 0.001), with no observable main genetic or interaction effects for the MAOA gene. Conclusions: In the largest mental health G × E study performed in a LMIC to date, we did not replicate previous positive findings from the literature. Despite the presence of main environmental effects, there was no evidence of effect modification by genotype status. Additional replication efforts to measure G × E are needed to better understand the origins of mental health and illness, especially in LMIC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12022 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Links between DRD4, executive attention, and alphabetic skills in a nonclinical sample / Cornelia A. T. KEGEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.305-312 Titre : Links between DRD4, executive attention, and alphabetic skills in a nonclinical sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cornelia A. T. KEGEL, Auteur ; Adriana G. BUS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.305-312 Mots-clés : K-1 students  dopamine D4 receptor gene  executive attention  alphabetic skills  mediation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) has been linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disorders. In this study, we examined whether diminished anticipatory dopamine cell firing – typical of the long variant of the DRD4 allele – is related to emergent and advanced alphabetic skills, and whether executive attention is a mediator between this allele and alphabetic skills. Method: We tested alphabetic skills in a normative sample of 159 children in both kindergarten and Grade 1, and executive attention 1 year earlier. Cheek cells were collected and genomic DNA was isolated from the samples using the Chemagic buccal swab kit on a chemagen Module I workstation. Results: Thirty-seven percent of the children were carriers of at least one DRD4 7-repeat allele. Carriers of the long variant scored lower on alphabetic skills, and executive attention appeared to be a mediator of the relation between characteristics of DRD4 and alphabetic skills in kindergarten and first grade. Conclusion: This study shows how a genetic factor which has been shown to relate to variation in attention and regulatory behavior can explain delays in alphabetic skills. A practical implication is that in many cases early interventions should not only target reading skills, but also support children’s engagement in tasks. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02604.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Links between DRD4, executive attention, and alphabetic skills in a nonclinical sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cornelia A. T. KEGEL, Auteur ; Adriana G. BUS, Auteur . - p.305-312. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.305-312 Mots-clés : K-1 students  dopamine D4 receptor gene  executive attention  alphabetic skills  mediation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) has been linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disorders. In this study, we examined whether diminished anticipatory dopamine cell firing – typical of the long variant of the DRD4 allele – is related to emergent and advanced alphabetic skills, and whether executive attention is a mediator between this allele and alphabetic skills. Method: We tested alphabetic skills in a normative sample of 159 children in both kindergarten and Grade 1, and executive attention 1 year earlier. Cheek cells were collected and genomic DNA was isolated from the samples using the Chemagic buccal swab kit on a chemagen Module I workstation. Results: Thirty-seven percent of the children were carriers of at least one DRD4 7-repeat allele. Carriers of the long variant scored lower on alphabetic skills, and executive attention appeared to be a mediator of the relation between characteristics of DRD4 and alphabetic skills in kindergarten and first grade. Conclusion: This study shows how a genetic factor which has been shown to relate to variation in attention and regulatory behavior can explain delays in alphabetic skills. A practical implication is that in many cases early interventions should not only target reading skills, but also support children’s engagement in tasks. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02604.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Temper outbursts in paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder and their association with depressed mood and treatment outcome / Koen BOLHUIS ; Isobel HEYMAN ; David MATAIX-COLS ; Cynthia TURNER ; Argyris STRINGARIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.313-322 Titre : Temper outbursts in paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder and their association with depressed mood and treatment outcome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Koen BOLHUIS, Auteur ; Isobel HEYMAN, Auteur ; David MATAIX-COLS, Auteur ; Cynthia TURNER, Auteur ; Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.313-322 Mots-clés : Obsessive-compulsive disorder  paediatric  depression  disruptive behaviour  cognitive behaviour therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Temper outbursts in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are a common source of concern, but remain poorly understood. This study examined a set of hypotheses related to: (a) the prevalence of temper outbursts in paediatric OCD, (b) the associations of temper outbursts with OCD severity and depressive symptoms; and (c) the influence of temper outbursts on treatment response. Methods: The prevalence of temper outbursts was estimated in a specialist OCD clinical sample (n = 387) using parent- and child-report. This was replicated in a community sample (n = 18,415). Associations of temper outbursts with obsessive-compulsive symptoms and with depressed mood were examined using logistic regression models. The influence of temper outbursts on treatment response was examined in a subsample of 109 patients treated with cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) with or without medication. Results: Over a third of young people with OCD displayed temper outbursts, and rates were similar across the clinical and community samples. Temper outbursts were two to three times more common in youth with OCD than in healthy controls. However, OCD symptom severity was not a strong predictor of child- or parent-reported temper outbursts. Instead, both child- and parent- reported temper outbursts were significantly associated to depressive symptoms. CBT strongly reduced OCD and depressive symptoms, as well as the severity of temper outbursts. There was no significant difference in post-treatment OCD or depression scores between those with temper outbursts compared to those without. Conclusions: Temper outbursts are common in youth with OCD and are particularly related to depressed mood. They improve with CBT for OCD and do not seem to impede OCD treatment response. AU - KREBS, Georgina En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02605.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Temper outbursts in paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder and their association with depressed mood and treatment outcome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Koen BOLHUIS, Auteur ; Isobel HEYMAN, Auteur ; David MATAIX-COLS, Auteur ; Cynthia TURNER, Auteur ; Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur . - p.313-322. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.313-322 Mots-clés : Obsessive-compulsive disorder  paediatric  depression  disruptive behaviour  cognitive behaviour therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Temper outbursts in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are a common source of concern, but remain poorly understood. This study examined a set of hypotheses related to: (a) the prevalence of temper outbursts in paediatric OCD, (b) the associations of temper outbursts with OCD severity and depressive symptoms; and (c) the influence of temper outbursts on treatment response. Methods: The prevalence of temper outbursts was estimated in a specialist OCD clinical sample (n = 387) using parent- and child-report. This was replicated in a community sample (n = 18,415). Associations of temper outbursts with obsessive-compulsive symptoms and with depressed mood were examined using logistic regression models. The influence of temper outbursts on treatment response was examined in a subsample of 109 patients treated with cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) with or without medication. Results: Over a third of young people with OCD displayed temper outbursts, and rates were similar across the clinical and community samples. Temper outbursts were two to three times more common in youth with OCD than in healthy controls. However, OCD symptom severity was not a strong predictor of child- or parent-reported temper outbursts. Instead, both child- and parent- reported temper outbursts were significantly associated to depressive symptoms. CBT strongly reduced OCD and depressive symptoms, as well as the severity of temper outbursts. There was no significant difference in post-treatment OCD or depression scores between those with temper outbursts compared to those without. Conclusions: Temper outbursts are common in youth with OCD and are particularly related to depressed mood. They improve with CBT for OCD and do not seem to impede OCD treatment response. AU - KREBS, Georgina En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02605.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Difficult temperament moderates links between maternal responsiveness and children’s compliance and behavior problems in low-income families / Grazyna KOCHANSKA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.323-332 Titre : Difficult temperament moderates links between maternal responsiveness and children’s compliance and behavior problems in low-income families Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Sanghag KIM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.323-332 Mots-clés : Difficult temperament  responsiveness  temperament × parenting interactions  compliance  externalizing behavior problems  ecological adversity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Research has shown that interactions between young children’s temperament and the quality of care they receive predict the emergence of positive and negative socioemotional developmental outcomes. This multimethod study addresses such interactions, using observed and mother-rated measures of difficult temperament, children’s committed, self-regulated compliance and externalizing problems, and mothers’ responsiveness in a low-income sample. Methods: In 186 thirty-month-old children, difficult temperament was observed in the laboratory (as poor effortful control and high anger proneness), and rated by mothers. Mothers’ responsiveness was observed in lengthy naturalistic interactions at 30 and 33 months. At 40 months, children’s committed compliance and externalizing behavior problems were assessed using observations and several well-established maternal report instruments. Results: Parallel significant interactions between child difficult temperament and maternal responsiveness were found across both observed and mother-rated measures of temperament. For difficult children, responsiveness had a significant effect such that those children were more compliant and had fewer externalizing problems when they received responsive care, but were less compliant and had more behavior problems when they received unresponsive care. For children with easy temperaments, maternal responsiveness and developmental outcomes were unrelated. All significant interactions reflected the diathesis-stress model. There was no evidence of differential susceptibility, perhaps due to the pervasive stress present in the ecology of the studied families. Conclusions: Those findings add to the growing body of evidence that for temperamentally difficult children, unresponsive parenting exacerbates risks for behavior problems, but responsive parenting can effectively buffer risks conferred by temperament. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Difficult temperament moderates links between maternal responsiveness and children’s compliance and behavior problems in low-income families [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Sanghag KIM, Auteur . - p.323-332. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.323-332 Mots-clés : Difficult temperament  responsiveness  temperament × parenting interactions  compliance  externalizing behavior problems  ecological adversity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Research has shown that interactions between young children’s temperament and the quality of care they receive predict the emergence of positive and negative socioemotional developmental outcomes. This multimethod study addresses such interactions, using observed and mother-rated measures of difficult temperament, children’s committed, self-regulated compliance and externalizing problems, and mothers’ responsiveness in a low-income sample. Methods: In 186 thirty-month-old children, difficult temperament was observed in the laboratory (as poor effortful control and high anger proneness), and rated by mothers. Mothers’ responsiveness was observed in lengthy naturalistic interactions at 30 and 33 months. At 40 months, children’s committed compliance and externalizing behavior problems were assessed using observations and several well-established maternal report instruments. Results: Parallel significant interactions between child difficult temperament and maternal responsiveness were found across both observed and mother-rated measures of temperament. For difficult children, responsiveness had a significant effect such that those children were more compliant and had fewer externalizing problems when they received responsive care, but were less compliant and had more behavior problems when they received unresponsive care. For children with easy temperaments, maternal responsiveness and developmental outcomes were unrelated. All significant interactions reflected the diathesis-stress model. There was no evidence of differential susceptibility, perhaps due to the pervasive stress present in the ecology of the studied families. Conclusions: Those findings add to the growing body of evidence that for temperamentally difficult children, unresponsive parenting exacerbates risks for behavior problems, but responsive parenting can effectively buffer risks conferred by temperament. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191