6 recherche sur le mot-clé 'neuroscience'

Using neuroscience as an outcome measure for behavioral interventions in Autism spectrum disorders (ASD): A review / Katherine KUHL-MELTZOFF STAVROPOULOS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 35 (March 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 35 (March 2017) . - p.62-73 Titre : Using neuroscience as an outcome measure for behavioral interventions in Autism spectrum disorders (ASD): A review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Katherine KUHL-MELTZOFF STAVROPOULOS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.62-73 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavioral interventions  Autism spectrum disorder  Neuroscience  Symptom improvement  Brain Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Though medications have proven effective in improving associated symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), behavioral interventions remain the most effective method of improving core symptoms (e.g. social communication, restricted and repetitive behaviors) in this population. Although the cause remains unknown, research provides evidence that ASD is a neurologically based disorder, with differences in brain activity contributing to observed social difficulties. Given the above, along with recent publications underscoring the importance of utilizing neuroscience to measure changes associated with intervention in ASD, it is surprising that studies that measure neurological changes in response to behavioral interventions remain quite rare. Using systematic searches of the PsychINFO and MEDLINE databases, the current review summarizes the extant literature on neural changes in response to behavioral interventions in ASD, and compares the state of the literature in ASD with other disorders such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. We conclude that research utilizing neuroscience to measure changes in response to behavioral interventions in ASD is lacking, and suggest that future research make integrating these two lines of research a priority. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.01.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304 [article] Using neuroscience as an outcome measure for behavioral interventions in Autism spectrum disorders (ASD): A review [texte imprimé] / Katherine KUHL-MELTZOFF STAVROPOULOS, Auteur . - p.62-73. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 35 (March 2017) . - p.62-73 Mots-clés : Behavioral interventions  Autism spectrum disorder  Neuroscience  Symptom improvement  Brain Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Though medications have proven effective in improving associated symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), behavioral interventions remain the most effective method of improving core symptoms (e.g. social communication, restricted and repetitive behaviors) in this population. Although the cause remains unknown, research provides evidence that ASD is a neurologically based disorder, with differences in brain activity contributing to observed social difficulties. Given the above, along with recent publications underscoring the importance of utilizing neuroscience to measure changes associated with intervention in ASD, it is surprising that studies that measure neurological changes in response to behavioral interventions remain quite rare. Using systematic searches of the PsychINFO and MEDLINE databases, the current review summarizes the extant literature on neural changes in response to behavioral interventions in ASD, and compares the state of the literature in ASD with other disorders such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. We conclude that research utilizing neuroscience to measure changes in response to behavioral interventions in ASD is lacking, and suggest that future research make integrating these two lines of research a priority. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.01.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304

Research Review: Emanuel Miller Memorial Lecture 2012 – Neuroscientific studies of intervention for language impairment in children: interpretive and methodological problems / Dorothy V.M. BISHOP in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.247-259 Titre : Research Review: Emanuel Miller Memorial Lecture 2012 – Neuroscientific studies of intervention for language impairment in children: interpretive and methodological problems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dorothy V.M. BISHOP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.247-259 Mots-clés : Intervention  neuroscience  language impairment  brain imaging  fMRI  ERP  MEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Our ability to look at structure and function of a living brain has increased exponentially since the early 1970s. Many studies of developmental disorders now routinely include a brain imaging or electrophysiological component. Amid current enthusiasm for applications of neuroscience to educational interventions, we need to pause to consider what neuroimaging data can tell us. Images of brain activity are seductive, and have been used to give credibility to commercial interventions, yet we have only a limited idea of what the brain bases of language disorders are, let alone how to alter them. Scope and findings: A review of six studies of neuroimaging correlates of language intervention found recurring methodological problems: lack of an adequate control group, inadequate power, incomplete reporting of data, no correction for multiple comparisons, data dredging and failure to analyse treatment effects appropriately. In addition, there is a tendency to regard neuroimaging data as more meaningful than behavioural data, even though it is behaviour that interventions aim to alter. Conclusion: In our current state of knowledge, it would be better to spend research funds doing well-designed trials of behavioural treatment to establish which methods are effective, rather than rushing headlong into functional imaging studies of unproven treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12034 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 [article] Research Review: Emanuel Miller Memorial Lecture 2012 – Neuroscientific studies of intervention for language impairment in children: interpretive and methodological problems [texte imprimé] / Dorothy V.M. BISHOP, Auteur . - p.247-259. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-3 (March 2013) . - p.247-259 Mots-clés : Intervention  neuroscience  language impairment  brain imaging  fMRI  ERP  MEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Our ability to look at structure and function of a living brain has increased exponentially since the early 1970s. Many studies of developmental disorders now routinely include a brain imaging or electrophysiological component. Amid current enthusiasm for applications of neuroscience to educational interventions, we need to pause to consider what neuroimaging data can tell us. Images of brain activity are seductive, and have been used to give credibility to commercial interventions, yet we have only a limited idea of what the brain bases of language disorders are, let alone how to alter them. Scope and findings: A review of six studies of neuroimaging correlates of language intervention found recurring methodological problems: lack of an adequate control group, inadequate power, incomplete reporting of data, no correction for multiple comparisons, data dredging and failure to analyse treatment effects appropriately. In addition, there is a tendency to regard neuroimaging data as more meaningful than behavioural data, even though it is behaviour that interventions aim to alter. Conclusion: In our current state of knowledge, it would be better to spend research funds doing well-designed trials of behavioural treatment to establish which methods are effective, rather than rushing headlong into functional imaging studies of unproven treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12034 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191

Annual Research Review: Early conduct problems – precursors, outcomes, and etiology / Luke W. HYDE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 67-4 (April 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-4 (April 2026) . - p.524-545 Titre : Annual Research Review: Early conduct problems – precursors, outcomes, and etiology Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Luke W. HYDE, Auteur ; Christopher J. TRENTACOSTA, Auteur ; Jessica L. BEZEK, Auteur Année de publication : 2026 Article en page(s) : p.524-545 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Conduct problems  parenting  coercive cycles  developmental psychopathology  genetics  neuroscience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : During the toddler and preschool period, nearly all children engage in some level of aggression, defiance, stealing, and temper tantrums. While the frequency and intensity of these behaviors tends to decrease across early childhood, a subset of children engage in these conduct problem behaviors at a higher intensity early in life and/or do not desist from these behaviors. Instead, these behaviors escalate across childhood and adolescence into serious forms of antisocial behavior (e.g., aggression, rule breaking). Given the negative impacts of these behaviors on children engaging in them, victims, and society, childhood conduct problems are a major public health concern. Here, we provide an updated review of the research identifying the trajectory of conduct problems; risk factors for their emergence, persistence, and escalation; and mechanisms through which risk impacts behavior, using a biopsychosocial and ecological lens. We describe how child and parent attributes contribute to a coercive dyadic cycle that leads to escalating problem behaviors, and how the broader context undermines these proximal relationships to increase risk for conduct problems. Next, we consider the role that genetics plays in these processes and describe how gene?environment interplay shapes early conduct problems. Further, we describe the ways in which these environmental and genetic risk processes impact brain development to increase risk for conduct problems. Finally, we discuss recent approaches to prevent and treat conduct problems and discuss research needs to better support our understanding of the development, prevention, and treatment of early conduct problems. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70031 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=584 [article] Annual Research Review: Early conduct problems – precursors, outcomes, and etiology [texte imprimé] / Luke W. HYDE, Auteur ; Christopher J. TRENTACOSTA, Auteur ; Jessica L. BEZEK, Auteur . - 2026 . - p.524-545. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-4 (April 2026) . - p.524-545 Mots-clés : Conduct problems  parenting  coercive cycles  developmental psychopathology  genetics  neuroscience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : During the toddler and preschool period, nearly all children engage in some level of aggression, defiance, stealing, and temper tantrums. While the frequency and intensity of these behaviors tends to decrease across early childhood, a subset of children engage in these conduct problem behaviors at a higher intensity early in life and/or do not desist from these behaviors. Instead, these behaviors escalate across childhood and adolescence into serious forms of antisocial behavior (e.g., aggression, rule breaking). Given the negative impacts of these behaviors on children engaging in them, victims, and society, childhood conduct problems are a major public health concern. Here, we provide an updated review of the research identifying the trajectory of conduct problems; risk factors for their emergence, persistence, and escalation; and mechanisms through which risk impacts behavior, using a biopsychosocial and ecological lens. We describe how child and parent attributes contribute to a coercive dyadic cycle that leads to escalating problem behaviors, and how the broader context undermines these proximal relationships to increase risk for conduct problems. Next, we consider the role that genetics plays in these processes and describe how gene?environment interplay shapes early conduct problems. Further, we describe the ways in which these environmental and genetic risk processes impact brain development to increase risk for conduct problems. Finally, we discuss recent approaches to prevent and treat conduct problems and discuss research needs to better support our understanding of the development, prevention, and treatment of early conduct problems. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70031 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=584

Bridging autism, science and society: moving toward an ethically informed approach to autism research / Elizabeth PELLICANO in Autism Research, 4-4 (August 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 4-4 (August 2011) . - p.271-282 Titre : Bridging autism, science and society: moving toward an ethically informed approach to autism research Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Marc STEARS, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.271-282 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  ethics  genetics  neuroscience  neurodiversity  activism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent developments in the science of autism have provoked widespread unease among autism activists. Drawing on the findings of a major international gathering of researchers, ethicists, and activists, this paper presents the first major analysis of the ethical questions arising from this unease. We outline the scientific developments that have provoked the most discomfort, analyze the response to these developments from within and without the autism community, and trace the current state of the ethical debate. Having done so, we contend that these ethical questions are unlikely to be resolved as they depend on fundamentally conflicting assumptions about the nature and desirability of neurocognitive difference. We conclude by arguing for a new range of democratic mechanisms that could enable the scientific community, autistics, and other concerned parties to respond collectively to such entrenched ethical disputes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.201 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141 [article] Bridging autism, science and society: moving toward an ethically informed approach to autism research [texte imprimé] / Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Marc STEARS, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.271-282. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 4-4 (August 2011) . - p.271-282 Mots-clés : autism  ethics  genetics  neuroscience  neurodiversity  activism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent developments in the science of autism have provoked widespread unease among autism activists. Drawing on the findings of a major international gathering of researchers, ethicists, and activists, this paper presents the first major analysis of the ethical questions arising from this unease. We outline the scientific developments that have provoked the most discomfort, analyze the response to these developments from within and without the autism community, and trace the current state of the ethical debate. Having done so, we contend that these ethical questions are unlikely to be resolved as they depend on fundamentally conflicting assumptions about the nature and desirability of neurocognitive difference. We conclude by arguing for a new range of democratic mechanisms that could enable the scientific community, autistics, and other concerned parties to respond collectively to such entrenched ethical disputes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.201 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141

Functional characterization of rare FOXP2 variants in neurodevelopmental disorder / Sara B. ESTRUCH in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 8-1 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 8-1 (December 2016) . - p.44 Titre : Functional characterization of rare FOXP2 variants in neurodevelopmental disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara B. ESTRUCH, Auteur ; Sarah A. GRAHAM, Auteur ; Swathi M. CHINNAPPA, Auteur ; Pelagia DERIZIOTIS, Auteur ; Simon E. FISHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.44 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Functional genetics  Language  Neuroscience  Speech  Transcription factor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Heterozygous disruption of FOXP2 causes a rare form of speech and language impairment. Screens of the FOXP2 sequence in individuals with speech/language-related disorders have identified several rare protein-altering variants, but their phenotypic relevance is often unclear. FOXP2 encodes a transcription factor with a forkhead box DNA-binding domain, but little is known about the functions of protein regions outside this domain. METHODS: We performed detailed functional analyses of seven rare FOXP2 variants found in affected cases, including three which have not been previously characterized, testing intracellular localization, transcriptional regulation, dimerization, and interaction with other proteins. To shed further light on molecular functions of FOXP2, we characterized the interaction between this transcription factor and co-repressor proteins of the C-terminal binding protein (CTBP) family. Finally, we analysed the functional significance of the polyglutamine tracts in FOXP2, since tract length variations have been reported in cases of neurodevelopmental disorder. RESULTS: We confirmed etiological roles of multiple FOXP2 variants. Of three variants that have been suggested to cause speech/language disorder, but never before been characterized, only one showed functional effects. For the other two, we found no effects on protein function in any assays, suggesting that they are incidental to the phenotype. We identified a CTBP-binding region within the N-terminal portion of FOXP2. This region includes two amino acid substitutions that occurred on the human lineage following the split from chimpanzees. However, we did not observe any effects of these amino acid changes on CTBP binding or other core aspects of FOXP2 function. Finally, we found that FOXP2 variants with reduced polyglutamine tracts did not exhibit altered behaviour in cellular assays, indicating that such tracts are non-essential for core aspects of FOXP2 function, and that tract variation is unlikely to be a highly penetrant cause of speech/language disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the importance of functional characterization of novel rare variants in FOXP2 in assessing the contribution of such variants to speech/language disorder and provide further insights into the molecular function of the FOXP2 protein. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-016-9177-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=349 [article] Functional characterization of rare FOXP2 variants in neurodevelopmental disorder [texte imprimé] / Sara B. ESTRUCH, Auteur ; Sarah A. GRAHAM, Auteur ; Swathi M. CHINNAPPA, Auteur ; Pelagia DERIZIOTIS, Auteur ; Simon E. FISHER, Auteur . - p.44. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 8-1 (December 2016) . - p.44 Mots-clés : Functional genetics  Language  Neuroscience  Speech  Transcription factor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Heterozygous disruption of FOXP2 causes a rare form of speech and language impairment. Screens of the FOXP2 sequence in individuals with speech/language-related disorders have identified several rare protein-altering variants, but their phenotypic relevance is often unclear. FOXP2 encodes a transcription factor with a forkhead box DNA-binding domain, but little is known about the functions of protein regions outside this domain. METHODS: We performed detailed functional analyses of seven rare FOXP2 variants found in affected cases, including three which have not been previously characterized, testing intracellular localization, transcriptional regulation, dimerization, and interaction with other proteins. To shed further light on molecular functions of FOXP2, we characterized the interaction between this transcription factor and co-repressor proteins of the C-terminal binding protein (CTBP) family. Finally, we analysed the functional significance of the polyglutamine tracts in FOXP2, since tract length variations have been reported in cases of neurodevelopmental disorder. RESULTS: We confirmed etiological roles of multiple FOXP2 variants. Of three variants that have been suggested to cause speech/language disorder, but never before been characterized, only one showed functional effects. For the other two, we found no effects on protein function in any assays, suggesting that they are incidental to the phenotype. We identified a CTBP-binding region within the N-terminal portion of FOXP2. This region includes two amino acid substitutions that occurred on the human lineage following the split from chimpanzees. However, we did not observe any effects of these amino acid changes on CTBP binding or other core aspects of FOXP2 function. Finally, we found that FOXP2 variants with reduced polyglutamine tracts did not exhibit altered behaviour in cellular assays, indicating that such tracts are non-essential for core aspects of FOXP2 function, and that tract variation is unlikely to be a highly penetrant cause of speech/language disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the importance of functional characterization of novel rare variants in FOXP2 in assessing the contribution of such variants to speech/language disorder and provide further insights into the molecular function of the FOXP2 protein. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-016-9177-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=349

Transdiagnostic neurocognitive compensatory strategies / Melody R. ALTSCHULER in Research in Autism, 131 (March 2026)  

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