Autonomic Responses to Social and Nonsocial Pictures in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Anneke LOUWERSE in Autism Research, 7-1 (February 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 7-1 (February 2014) . - p.17-27 Titre : Autonomic Responses to Social and Nonsocial Pictures in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anneke LOUWERSE, Auteur ; Joke H.M. TULEN, Auteur ; Jos N. VAN DER GEEST, Auteur ; Jan VAN DER ENDE, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Kirstin GREAVES-LORD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.17-27 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders (ASD)  affective pictures  autonomic responses  subjective ratings  heart rate  skin conductance level Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It remains unclear why individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to respond in an atypical manner in social situations. Investigating autonomic and subjective responses to social vs. nonsocial stimuli may help to reveal underlying mechanisms of these atypical responses. This study examined autonomic responses (skin conductance level and heart rate) and subjective responses to social vs. nonsocial pictures in 37 adolescents with an ASD and 36 typically developing (TD) adolescents. Thirty-six pictures from the International Affective Picture System were presented, divided into six categories based on social content (social vs. nonsocial) and pleasantness (pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant). Both in adolescents with ASD as well as TD adolescents, pictures with a social content resulted in higher skin conductance responses (SCRs) for pleasant and unpleasant pictures than for neutral pictures. No differences in SCRs were found for the three nonsocial picture categories. Unpleasant pictures, both with and without a social content, showed more heart rate deceleration than neutral pictures. Self-reported arousal ratings were influenced by the social and affective content of a picture. No differences were found between individuals with ASD and TD individuals in their autonomic and subjective responses to the picture categories. These results suggest that adolescents with ASD do not show atypical autonomic or subjective responses to pictures with and without a social content. These findings make it less likely that impairments in social information processing in individuals with ASD can be explained by atypical autonomic responses to social stimuli. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1327 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=227 [article] Autonomic Responses to Social and Nonsocial Pictures in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Anneke LOUWERSE, Auteur ; Joke H.M. TULEN, Auteur ; Jos N. VAN DER GEEST, Auteur ; Jan VAN DER ENDE, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Kirstin GREAVES-LORD, Auteur . - p.17-27. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 7-1 (February 2014) . - p.17-27 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders (ASD)  affective pictures  autonomic responses  subjective ratings  heart rate  skin conductance level Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It remains unclear why individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to respond in an atypical manner in social situations. Investigating autonomic and subjective responses to social vs. nonsocial stimuli may help to reveal underlying mechanisms of these atypical responses. This study examined autonomic responses (skin conductance level and heart rate) and subjective responses to social vs. nonsocial pictures in 37 adolescents with an ASD and 36 typically developing (TD) adolescents. Thirty-six pictures from the International Affective Picture System were presented, divided into six categories based on social content (social vs. nonsocial) and pleasantness (pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant). Both in adolescents with ASD as well as TD adolescents, pictures with a social content resulted in higher skin conductance responses (SCRs) for pleasant and unpleasant pictures than for neutral pictures. No differences in SCRs were found for the three nonsocial picture categories. Unpleasant pictures, both with and without a social content, showed more heart rate deceleration than neutral pictures. Self-reported arousal ratings were influenced by the social and affective content of a picture. No differences were found between individuals with ASD and TD individuals in their autonomic and subjective responses to the picture categories. These results suggest that adolescents with ASD do not show atypical autonomic or subjective responses to pictures with and without a social content. These findings make it less likely that impairments in social information processing in individuals with ASD can be explained by atypical autonomic responses to social stimuli. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1327 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=227

CBT for childhood anxiety disorders: differential changes in selective attention between treatment responders and non-responders / Jeroen S. LEGERSTEE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-2 (February 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-2 (February 2010) . - p.162-172 Titre : CBT for childhood anxiety disorders: differential changes in selective attention between treatment responders and non-responders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jeroen S. LEGERSTEE, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Philip D.A. TREFFERS, Auteur ; Elisabeth M.W.J. UTENS, Auteur ; Joke H.M. TULEN, Auteur ; Bram DIERCKX, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.162-172 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Childhood-anxiety-disorders selective-attention cognitive-behavioural-therapy dot-probe-task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined whether treatment response to stepped-care cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) is associated with changes in threat-related selective attention and its specific components in a large clinical sample of anxiety-disordered children. Methods: Ninety-one children with an anxiety disorder were included in the present study. Children received a standardized stepped-care CBT. Three treatment response groups were distinguished: initial responders (anxiety disorder free after phase one: child-focused CBT), secondary responders (anxiety disorder free after phase two: child–parent-focused CBT), and treatment non-responders. Treatment response was determined using a semi-structured clinical interview. Children performed a pictorial dot-probe task before and after stepped-care CBT (i.e., before phase one and after phase two CBT). Results: Changes in selective attention to severely threatening pictures, but not to mildly threatening pictures, were significantly associated with treatment success. At pre-treatment assessment, initial responders selectively attended away from severely threatening pictures, whereas secondary responders selectively attended toward severely threatening pictures. After stepped-care CBT, initial and secondary responders did not show any selectivity in the attentional processing of severely threatening pictures. Treatment non-responders did not show any changes in selective attention due to CBT. Conclusions: Initial and secondary treatment responders showed a reduction of their predisposition to selectively attend away or toward severely threatening pictures, respectively. Treatment non-responders did not show any changes in selective attention. The pictorial dot-probe task can be considered a potentially valuable tool in assigning children to appropriate treatment formats as well as for monitoring changes in selective attention during the course of CBT. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02143.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=941 [article] CBT for childhood anxiety disorders: differential changes in selective attention between treatment responders and non-responders [texte imprimé] / Jeroen S. LEGERSTEE, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Philip D.A. TREFFERS, Auteur ; Elisabeth M.W.J. UTENS, Auteur ; Joke H.M. TULEN, Auteur ; Bram DIERCKX, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.162-172. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-2 (February 2010) . - p.162-172 Mots-clés : Childhood-anxiety-disorders selective-attention cognitive-behavioural-therapy dot-probe-task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined whether treatment response to stepped-care cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) is associated with changes in threat-related selective attention and its specific components in a large clinical sample of anxiety-disordered children. Methods: Ninety-one children with an anxiety disorder were included in the present study. Children received a standardized stepped-care CBT. Three treatment response groups were distinguished: initial responders (anxiety disorder free after phase one: child-focused CBT), secondary responders (anxiety disorder free after phase two: child–parent-focused CBT), and treatment non-responders. Treatment response was determined using a semi-structured clinical interview. Children performed a pictorial dot-probe task before and after stepped-care CBT (i.e., before phase one and after phase two CBT). Results: Changes in selective attention to severely threatening pictures, but not to mildly threatening pictures, were significantly associated with treatment success. At pre-treatment assessment, initial responders selectively attended away from severely threatening pictures, whereas secondary responders selectively attended toward severely threatening pictures. After stepped-care CBT, initial and secondary responders did not show any selectivity in the attentional processing of severely threatening pictures. Treatment non-responders did not show any changes in selective attention due to CBT. Conclusions: Initial and secondary treatment responders showed a reduction of their predisposition to selectively attend away or toward severely threatening pictures, respectively. Treatment non-responders did not show any changes in selective attention. The pictorial dot-probe task can be considered a potentially valuable tool in assigning children to appropriate treatment formats as well as for monitoring changes in selective attention during the course of CBT. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02143.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=941

Effects of eye gaze directions of facial images on looking behaviour and autonomic responses in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders / Anneke LOUWERSE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-9 (September 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-9 (September 2013) . - p.1043-1053 Titre : Effects of eye gaze directions of facial images on looking behaviour and autonomic responses in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anneke LOUWERSE, Auteur ; J.N. VAN DER GEEST, Auteur ; Joke H.M. TULEN, Auteur ; Jan VAN DER ENDE, Auteur ; A.R. VAN GOOL, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Kirstin GREAVES-LORD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1043-1053 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Eyes  Gaze direction  Eye-tracking  Heart rate  Skin conductance response Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract It has been suggested that atypical eye contact of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) arises from an unusually high level of autonomic activity elicited by another person's gaze. The present study investigated visual fixation duration and autonomic reactivity (heart rate, skin conductance response) simultaneously, while adolescents looked towards photographs of neutral faces, with either direct eye gaze, averted eye gaze or closed eyes. Both cognitively able adolescents with ASD (n = 31, mean age = 16 years, mean IQ = 104) and typically developing (TD) adolescents (n = 34, mean age = 16 years, mean IQ = 108) looked significantly longer towards the eye region of faces with direct eye gaze compared with faces with averted eye gaze or closed eyes. The adolescents with ASD did not show higher levels of autonomic activity than TD adolescents while they were instructed to look at the eye region. This suggests that looking at the eye region of static faces does not particularly trigger high autonomic arousal in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.04.013 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=211 [article] Effects of eye gaze directions of facial images on looking behaviour and autonomic responses in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders [texte imprimé] / Anneke LOUWERSE, Auteur ; J.N. VAN DER GEEST, Auteur ; Joke H.M. TULEN, Auteur ; Jan VAN DER ENDE, Auteur ; A.R. VAN GOOL, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Kirstin GREAVES-LORD, Auteur . - p.1043-1053. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-9 (September 2013) . - p.1043-1053 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Eyes  Gaze direction  Eye-tracking  Heart rate  Skin conductance response Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract It has been suggested that atypical eye contact of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) arises from an unusually high level of autonomic activity elicited by another person's gaze. The present study investigated visual fixation duration and autonomic reactivity (heart rate, skin conductance response) simultaneously, while adolescents looked towards photographs of neutral faces, with either direct eye gaze, averted eye gaze or closed eyes. Both cognitively able adolescents with ASD (n = 31, mean age = 16 years, mean IQ = 104) and typically developing (TD) adolescents (n = 34, mean age = 16 years, mean IQ = 108) looked significantly longer towards the eye region of faces with direct eye gaze compared with faces with averted eye gaze or closed eyes. The adolescents with ASD did not show higher levels of autonomic activity than TD adolescents while they were instructed to look at the eye region. This suggests that looking at the eye region of static faces does not particularly trigger high autonomic arousal in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.04.013 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=211

A prospective study of heart rate and externalising behaviours in young children / Bram DIERCKX in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-4 (April 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-4 (April 2014) . - p.402-410 Titre : A prospective study of heart rate and externalising behaviours in young children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bram DIERCKX, Auteur ; Rianne KOK, Auteur ; Joke H.M. TULEN, Auteur ; Vincent W.V. JADDOE, Auteur ; Albert HOFMAN, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Marian J. BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Henning TIEMEIER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.402-410 Mots-clés : Child  heart rate  anxiety  externalising behaviour  parenting  compliance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Low heart rate predicts externalising and delinquent behaviour in adults, adolescents and school-age children. In younger children the evidence is less clear. Moreover, the specificity of the relation between the autonomic nervous system and different forms of externalising behaviour is uncertain. We investigated the longitudinal relation between resting mean heart rate and different externalising behaviours. Methods In 412 children of the Generation R Study, we measured resting mean heart rate at 14 months. At 3 years, child problem behaviour was assessed by the mother with the Child Behavior Checklist. In a gift delay task, we observed whether children were compliant and whether they lied about their noncompliance. The association of heart rate with behaviour was contrasted with the effect of harsh parenting. Results In our main analysis, we examined the association between heart rate and reported and observed child behaviour. For comparison, the association of heart rate with behaviour was contrasted with the effect of harsh parenting. Mean heart rate was positively associated with Anxious/Depressed scale scores (β = .1, 95% CI = 0.01; 0.2, p = .04), but not with Aggressive Behaviour (β = .02; 95% CI = −0.1; 0.1, p = .8) nor Attention Problem scale scores (β = .08, 95% CI = −0.3; 0.5, p = .8). We could not demonstrate an association between mean heart rate and noncompliance during the gift delay task (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.9; 1.1, p = .2), but lower heart rate predicted higher odds of the child lying (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.3; 0.9, p = .03). In contrast, harsh parenting was associated with mother-reported Aggressive Behaviour (β = .7, 95% CI = 0.4; 0.9, p .001) and Attention Problems (β = .2, 95% CI = 0.1; 0.3, p .001), but not with observed lying (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.8; 1.4, p = .8). Conclusions Lower resting mean heart rate at age 14 months predicts low anxiety symptoms and higher odds of lying at age 3 years. Low resting mean heart rate may be less an indicator of early childhood aggression than of fearless behaviour. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12175 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=230 [article] A prospective study of heart rate and externalising behaviours in young children [texte imprimé] / Bram DIERCKX, Auteur ; Rianne KOK, Auteur ; Joke H.M. TULEN, Auteur ; Vincent W.V. JADDOE, Auteur ; Albert HOFMAN, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Marian J. BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Henning TIEMEIER, Auteur . - p.402-410. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-4 (April 2014) . - p.402-410 Mots-clés : Child  heart rate  anxiety  externalising behaviour  parenting  compliance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Low heart rate predicts externalising and delinquent behaviour in adults, adolescents and school-age children. In younger children the evidence is less clear. Moreover, the specificity of the relation between the autonomic nervous system and different forms of externalising behaviour is uncertain. We investigated the longitudinal relation between resting mean heart rate and different externalising behaviours. Methods In 412 children of the Generation R Study, we measured resting mean heart rate at 14 months. At 3 years, child problem behaviour was assessed by the mother with the Child Behavior Checklist. In a gift delay task, we observed whether children were compliant and whether they lied about their noncompliance. The association of heart rate with behaviour was contrasted with the effect of harsh parenting. Results In our main analysis, we examined the association between heart rate and reported and observed child behaviour. For comparison, the association of heart rate with behaviour was contrasted with the effect of harsh parenting. Mean heart rate was positively associated with Anxious/Depressed scale scores (β = .1, 95% CI = 0.01; 0.2, p = .04), but not with Aggressive Behaviour (β = .02; 95% CI = −0.1; 0.1, p = .8) nor Attention Problem scale scores (β = .08, 95% CI = −0.3; 0.5, p = .8). We could not demonstrate an association between mean heart rate and noncompliance during the gift delay task (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.9; 1.1, p = .2), but lower heart rate predicted higher odds of the child lying (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.3; 0.9, p = .03). In contrast, harsh parenting was associated with mother-reported Aggressive Behaviour (β = .7, 95% CI = 0.4; 0.9, p .001) and Attention Problems (β = .2, 95% CI = 0.1; 0.3, p .001), but not with observed lying (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.8; 1.4, p = .8). Conclusions Lower resting mean heart rate at age 14 months predicts low anxiety symptoms and higher odds of lying at age 3 years. Low resting mean heart rate may be less an indicator of early childhood aggression than of fearless behaviour. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12175 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=230

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