Dépouillements

Divorce among parents of children with autism: dispelling urban legends Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders: A selective review in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.643-644 Titre : Divorce among parents of children with autism: dispelling urban legends Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders: A selective review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.643-644 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While there is no cure for autism spectrum disorder, psychopharmacologic agents are often used with behavioral and educational approaches to treat its comorbid symptoms of hyperactivity, irritability, and aggression. Studies suggest that at least 50% of persons with autism spectrum disorder receive psychotropic medications during their life span. This selective review examines recent studies about the use of psychotropic medications in persons with autism spectrum disorder. The aim was to focus on randomized controlled trials conducted from 1990 to 2010 on this topic. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane databases. Out of 105 studies identified for the review, only 24 were randomized controlled trials. Thus, despite the common use of these medications in autism spectrum disorder, more controlled studies are needed to determine their long-term efficacy and safety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313509528 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Divorce among parents of children with autism: dispelling urban legends Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders: A selective review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 2013 . - p.643-644. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.643-644 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While there is no cure for autism spectrum disorder, psychopharmacologic agents are often used with behavioral and educational approaches to treat its comorbid symptoms of hyperactivity, irritability, and aggression. Studies suggest that at least 50% of persons with autism spectrum disorder receive psychotropic medications during their life span. This selective review examines recent studies about the use of psychotropic medications in persons with autism spectrum disorder. The aim was to focus on randomized controlled trials conducted from 1990 to 2010 on this topic. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane databases. Out of 105 studies identified for the review, only 24 were randomized controlled trials. Thus, despite the common use of these medications in autism spectrum disorder, more controlled studies are needed to determine their long-term efficacy and safety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313509528 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders: A selective review / Sarah MOHIUDDIN in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.645-654 Titre : Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders: A selective review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah MOHIUDDIN, Auteur ; Mohammad GHAZIUDDIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.645-654 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  psychopharmacology  comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While there is no cure for autism spectrum disorder, psychopharmacologic agents are often used with behavioral and educational approaches to treat its comorbid symptoms of hyperactivity, irritability, and aggression. Studies suggest that at least 50% of persons with autism spectrum disorder receive psychotropic medications during their life span. This selective review examines recent studies about the use of psychotropic medications in persons with autism spectrum disorder. The aim was to focus on randomized controlled trials conducted from 1990 to 2010 on this topic. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane databases. Out of 105 studies identified for the review, only 24 were randomized controlled trials. Thus, despite the common use of these medications in autism spectrum disorder, more controlled studies are needed to determine their long-term efficacy and safety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453776 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorders: A selective review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah MOHIUDDIN, Auteur ; Mohammad GHAZIUDDIN, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.645-654. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.645-654 Mots-clés : autism  psychopharmacology  comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While there is no cure for autism spectrum disorder, psychopharmacologic agents are often used with behavioral and educational approaches to treat its comorbid symptoms of hyperactivity, irritability, and aggression. Studies suggest that at least 50% of persons with autism spectrum disorder receive psychotropic medications during their life span. This selective review examines recent studies about the use of psychotropic medications in persons with autism spectrum disorder. The aim was to focus on randomized controlled trials conducted from 1990 to 2010 on this topic. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane databases. Out of 105 studies identified for the review, only 24 were randomized controlled trials. Thus, despite the common use of these medications in autism spectrum disorder, more controlled studies are needed to determine their long-term efficacy and safety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453776 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Social cognition, social skill, and the broad autism phenotype / Noah J. SASSON in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.655-667 Titre : Social cognition, social skill, and the broad autism phenotype Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Noah J. SASSON, Auteur ; Rachel B. NOWLIN, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.655-667 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : broad autism phenotype  social cognition  social functioning  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social-cognitive deficits differentiate parents with the “broad autism phenotype” from non–broad autism phenotype parents more robustly than other neuropsychological features of autism, suggesting that this domain may be particularly informative for identifying genetic and brain processes associated with the phenotype. The current study examined whether the social-cognitive deficits associated with the broad autism phenotype extend to the general population and relate to reduced social skill. A total of 74 undergraduates completed the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire, three standardized social-cognitive tasks, and a live social interaction with an unfamiliar research assistant. Social broad autism phenotype traits were significantly associated with deficits in social cognition and reduced social skill. In addition, the relationship between social broad autism phenotype traits and social skill was partially mediated by social cognition, suggesting that the reduced interpersonal ability associated with the broad autism phenotype occurs in part because of poorer social-cognitive ability. Together, these findings indicate that the impairments in social cognition and social skill that characterize autism spectrum disorder extend in milder forms to the broad autism phenotype in the general population and suggest a framework for understanding how social broad autism phenotype traits may manifest in diminished social ability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312455704 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Social cognition, social skill, and the broad autism phenotype [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Noah J. SASSON, Auteur ; Rachel B. NOWLIN, Auteur ; Amy E. PINKHAM, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.655-667. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.655-667 Mots-clés : broad autism phenotype  social cognition  social functioning  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social-cognitive deficits differentiate parents with the “broad autism phenotype” from non–broad autism phenotype parents more robustly than other neuropsychological features of autism, suggesting that this domain may be particularly informative for identifying genetic and brain processes associated with the phenotype. The current study examined whether the social-cognitive deficits associated with the broad autism phenotype extend to the general population and relate to reduced social skill. A total of 74 undergraduates completed the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire, three standardized social-cognitive tasks, and a live social interaction with an unfamiliar research assistant. Social broad autism phenotype traits were significantly associated with deficits in social cognition and reduced social skill. In addition, the relationship between social broad autism phenotype traits and social skill was partially mediated by social cognition, suggesting that the reduced interpersonal ability associated with the broad autism phenotype occurs in part because of poorer social-cognitive ability. Together, these findings indicate that the impairments in social cognition and social skill that characterize autism spectrum disorder extend in milder forms to the broad autism phenotype in the general population and suggest a framework for understanding how social broad autism phenotype traits may manifest in diminished social ability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312455704 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Reduced accuracy and sensitivity in the perception of emotional facial expressions in individuals with high autism spectrum traits / Ervin POLJAC in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.668-680 Titre : Reduced accuracy and sensitivity in the perception of emotional facial expressions in individuals with high autism spectrum traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ervin POLJAC, Auteur ; Edita POLJAC, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.668-680 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum quotient  Broader autistic phenotype  Face perception  Emotion recognition  Facial expression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is among other things characterized by specific impairments in emotion processing. It is not clear, however, to what extent the typical decline in affective functioning is related to the specific autistic traits. We employed The Autism Spectrum-Quotient (AQ) to quantify autistic traits in a group of 500 healthy individuals and investigate whether we could detect similar difficulties in the perception of emotional expressions in a broader autistic phenotype. The group with high AQ score was less accurate and needed higher emotional content to recognize emotions of anger, disgust, and sadness. Our findings demonstrate a selective impairment in identification of emotional facial expressions in healthy individuals that is primarily related to the extent of autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312455703 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Reduced accuracy and sensitivity in the perception of emotional facial expressions in individuals with high autism spectrum traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ervin POLJAC, Auteur ; Edita POLJAC, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.668-680. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.668-680 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum quotient  Broader autistic phenotype  Face perception  Emotion recognition  Facial expression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is among other things characterized by specific impairments in emotion processing. It is not clear, however, to what extent the typical decline in affective functioning is related to the specific autistic traits. We employed The Autism Spectrum-Quotient (AQ) to quantify autistic traits in a group of 500 healthy individuals and investigate whether we could detect similar difficulties in the perception of emotional expressions in a broader autistic phenotype. The group with high AQ score was less accurate and needed higher emotional content to recognize emotions of anger, disgust, and sadness. Our findings demonstrate a selective impairment in identification of emotional facial expressions in healthy individuals that is primarily related to the extent of autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312455703 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Examining the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorder-71 as an assessment tool for anxiety in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders / Francisca J. A. VAN STEENSEL in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.681-692 Titre : Examining the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorder-71 as an assessment tool for anxiety in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Francisca J. A. VAN STEENSEL, Auteur ; Amber A.C.G. DEUTSCHMAN, Auteur ; Susan M. BOGELS, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.681-692 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  anxiety  self-report  child-parent agreement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The psychometric properties of a questionnaire developed to assess symptoms of anxiety disorders (SCARED-71) were compared between two groups of children: children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and comorbid anxiety disorders (ASD-group; n = 115), and children with anxiety disorders (AD-group; n = 122). Anxiety disorders were established with a semi-structured interview (ADIS-C/P), using child- as well as parent-report. Internal consistency, construct validity, sensitivity, specificity, and discriminant validity of the SCARED-71 was investigated. Results revealed that the psychometric properties of the SCARED-71 for the ASD-group were quite comparable to the AD-group, however, the discriminant validity of the SCARED-71 child-report was less in the ASD-group. Raising the parental cutoffs of the SCARED-71 resulted in higher specificity rates, which suggests that research should focus more on establishing alternative cutoffs for the ASD-population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312455875 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Examining the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorder-71 as an assessment tool for anxiety in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Francisca J. A. VAN STEENSEL, Auteur ; Amber A.C.G. DEUTSCHMAN, Auteur ; Susan M. BOGELS, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.681-692. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.681-692 Mots-clés : ASD  anxiety  self-report  child-parent agreement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The psychometric properties of a questionnaire developed to assess symptoms of anxiety disorders (SCARED-71) were compared between two groups of children: children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and comorbid anxiety disorders (ASD-group; n = 115), and children with anxiety disorders (AD-group; n = 122). Anxiety disorders were established with a semi-structured interview (ADIS-C/P), using child- as well as parent-report. Internal consistency, construct validity, sensitivity, specificity, and discriminant validity of the SCARED-71 was investigated. Results revealed that the psychometric properties of the SCARED-71 for the ASD-group were quite comparable to the AD-group, however, the discriminant validity of the SCARED-71 child-report was less in the ASD-group. Raising the parental cutoffs of the SCARED-71 resulted in higher specificity rates, which suggests that research should focus more on establishing alternative cutoffs for the ASD-population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312455875 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Brief report: Service implementation and maternal distress surrounding evaluation recommendations for young children diagnosed with autism / Zachary WARREN in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.693-700 Titre : Brief report: Service implementation and maternal distress surrounding evaluation recommendations for young children diagnosed with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zachary WARREN, Auteur ; Alison VEHORN, Auteur ; Elizabeth DOHRMANN, Auteur ; Cassandra NEWSOM, Auteur ; Julie LOUNDS TAYLOR, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.693-700 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adherence  autism spectrum disorders  caregiver distress  diagnosis  service implementation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is limited evidence surrounding the ability of families of children with autism spectrum disorders to access and implement recommended interventions following diagnosis. The distress a family may encounter with regard to inability to access recommended services is also poorly understood. In this study, we present preliminary data regarding implementation of clinical recommendations following autism spectrum disorder diagnosis as well as associations of implementation with maternal functioning. In total, 75 mothers of young children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder through a university-based preschool autism clinic returned surveys regarding access to recommended services as well as maternal mental health and distress. Results indicate that while families were able to implement numerous recommendations, specific categories of intervention were less likely to be received. Challenges implementing recommended services were not related to increased maternal distress. These results suggest that despite potential barriers toward accessing some specific recommended services following diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, many families may be quite successful in implementing many other core recommended services and that failure to access such services may not necessarily negatively impact maternal mental health and distress. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453881 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Brief report: Service implementation and maternal distress surrounding evaluation recommendations for young children diagnosed with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zachary WARREN, Auteur ; Alison VEHORN, Auteur ; Elizabeth DOHRMANN, Auteur ; Cassandra NEWSOM, Auteur ; Julie LOUNDS TAYLOR, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.693-700. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.693-700 Mots-clés : adherence  autism spectrum disorders  caregiver distress  diagnosis  service implementation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is limited evidence surrounding the ability of families of children with autism spectrum disorders to access and implement recommended interventions following diagnosis. The distress a family may encounter with regard to inability to access recommended services is also poorly understood. In this study, we present preliminary data regarding implementation of clinical recommendations following autism spectrum disorder diagnosis as well as associations of implementation with maternal functioning. In total, 75 mothers of young children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder through a university-based preschool autism clinic returned surveys regarding access to recommended services as well as maternal mental health and distress. Results indicate that while families were able to implement numerous recommendations, specific categories of intervention were less likely to be received. Challenges implementing recommended services were not related to increased maternal distress. These results suggest that despite potential barriers toward accessing some specific recommended services following diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, many families may be quite successful in implementing many other core recommended services and that failure to access such services may not necessarily negatively impact maternal mental health and distress. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453881 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Priorities for autism spectrum disorder risk communication and ethics / Michael YUDELL in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.701-722 Titre : Priorities for autism spectrum disorder risk communication and ethics Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael YUDELL, Auteur ; Holly K. TABOR, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; John ROSSI, Auteur ; Craig J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; WORKING GROUP IN AUTISM RISK COMMUNICATION AND ETHICS 1,, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.701-722 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  ethics  risk communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders are an issue of increasing public health significance. The incidence of autism spectrum disorders has been increasing in recent years, and they are associated with significant personal and financial impacts for affected persons and their families. In recent years, a large number of scientific studies have been undertaken, which investigate genetic and environmental risk factors for autism, with more studies underway. At present, much remains unknown regarding autism spectrum disorder risk factors, but the emerging picture of causation is in many cases complex, with multiple genes and gene–environment interactions being at play. The complexity and uncertainty surrounding autism spectrum disorder risk factors raise a number of questions regarding the ethical considerations that should be taken into account when undertaking autism spectrum disorder risk communication. At present, however, little has been written regarding autism spectrum disorder risk communication and ethics. This article summarizes the findings of a recent conference investigating ethical considerations and policy recommendations in autism spectrum disorder risk communication, which to the authors’ knowledge is the first of its kind. Here, the authors discuss a number of issues, including uncertainty; comprehension; inadvertent harm; justice; and the appropriate roles of clinicians, scientists, and the media in autism spectrum disorder risk communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453511 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Priorities for autism spectrum disorder risk communication and ethics [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael YUDELL, Auteur ; Holly K. TABOR, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; John ROSSI, Auteur ; Craig J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; WORKING GROUP IN AUTISM RISK COMMUNICATION AND ETHICS 1,, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.701-722. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.701-722 Mots-clés : autism  ethics  risk communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders are an issue of increasing public health significance. The incidence of autism spectrum disorders has been increasing in recent years, and they are associated with significant personal and financial impacts for affected persons and their families. In recent years, a large number of scientific studies have been undertaken, which investigate genetic and environmental risk factors for autism, with more studies underway. At present, much remains unknown regarding autism spectrum disorder risk factors, but the emerging picture of causation is in many cases complex, with multiple genes and gene–environment interactions being at play. The complexity and uncertainty surrounding autism spectrum disorder risk factors raise a number of questions regarding the ethical considerations that should be taken into account when undertaking autism spectrum disorder risk communication. At present, however, little has been written regarding autism spectrum disorder risk communication and ethics. This article summarizes the findings of a recent conference investigating ethical considerations and policy recommendations in autism spectrum disorder risk communication, which to the authors’ knowledge is the first of its kind. Here, the authors discuss a number of issues, including uncertainty; comprehension; inadvertent harm; justice; and the appropriate roles of clinicians, scientists, and the media in autism spectrum disorder risk communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453511 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

The association of quality of social relations, symptom severity and intelligence with anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorders / Mart L.J.M. EUSSEN in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.723-735 Titre : The association of quality of social relations, symptom severity and intelligence with anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mart L.J.M. EUSSEN, Auteur ; Arthur R. VAN GOOL, Auteur ; Fop VERHEIJ, Auteur ; Pieter F.A. DE NIJS, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Kirstin GREAVES-LORD, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.723-735 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety  autism spectrum disorders  intelligence  social relations  symptom severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Limited quality of social relations, milder symptom severity and higher intelligence were shown to account for higher anxiety levels in autism spectrum disorders. The current study replicated and extended earlier findings by combining these three determinants of anxiety in autism spectrum disorders in one study. The sample consisted of 134 school-aged children with autism spectrum disorders, of whom 58 (43%) had a co-morbid anxiety disorder according to the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children–Parent version. In this sample, we tested associations between these determinants and anxiety univariately and multivariately to clarify the unique contribution of all determinants. Since we hypothesized that the association between limited quality of social relations and anxiety would be amplified by low symptom severity and/or high intelligence, we additionally tested for moderating effects. We found that higher anxiety levels were associated with a lower quality of social relations and lower symptom severity. In this mainly high-functioning sample, intelligence was not related to anxiety levels. No moderation effects were found. Since lower quality of social relations and lower symptom severity are associated with higher anxiety levels in children with autism spectrum disorders, therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing anxiety in autism spectrum disorders should pay attention to improving social relations, and presumably children with a lower symptom severity could benefit most from such interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453882 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] The association of quality of social relations, symptom severity and intelligence with anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mart L.J.M. EUSSEN, Auteur ; Arthur R. VAN GOOL, Auteur ; Fop VERHEIJ, Auteur ; Pieter F.A. DE NIJS, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Kirstin GREAVES-LORD, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.723-735. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.723-735 Mots-clés : anxiety  autism spectrum disorders  intelligence  social relations  symptom severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Limited quality of social relations, milder symptom severity and higher intelligence were shown to account for higher anxiety levels in autism spectrum disorders. The current study replicated and extended earlier findings by combining these three determinants of anxiety in autism spectrum disorders in one study. The sample consisted of 134 school-aged children with autism spectrum disorders, of whom 58 (43%) had a co-morbid anxiety disorder according to the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children–Parent version. In this sample, we tested associations between these determinants and anxiety univariately and multivariately to clarify the unique contribution of all determinants. Since we hypothesized that the association between limited quality of social relations and anxiety would be amplified by low symptom severity and/or high intelligence, we additionally tested for moderating effects. We found that higher anxiety levels were associated with a lower quality of social relations and lower symptom severity. In this mainly high-functioning sample, intelligence was not related to anxiety levels. No moderation effects were found. Since lower quality of social relations and lower symptom severity are associated with higher anxiety levels in children with autism spectrum disorders, therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing anxiety in autism spectrum disorders should pay attention to improving social relations, and presumably children with a lower symptom severity could benefit most from such interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453882 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Assessing adolescent social competence using the Social Responsiveness Scale: Should we ask both parents or will just one do? / Amanda M. PEARL in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.736-742 Titre : Assessing adolescent social competence using the Social Responsiveness Scale: Should we ask both parents or will just one do? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amanda M. PEARL, Auteur ; Michael J. MURRAY, Auteur ; Laura A. SMITH, Auteur ; Mariah ARNOLD, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.736-742 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : assessment  autism spectrum disorder  interrater reliability  parent agreement  Social Responsiveness Scale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a paucity of instruments designed to measure social competence of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. The Social Responsiveness Scale is one of a few that can be used. This study compared differences between mother and father reports of social competence of adolescents. Data were collected from parents of 50 adolescents with and without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis between the ages of 12 and 17 years. The Social Responsiveness Scale demonstrated high interrater reliability between parents. These results suggest that the Social Responsiveness Scale is an efficient and valuable tool for researchers and clinicians to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of an individual’s social skills deficits. Additionally, given the extremely high agreement between mothers and fathers on the ratings of their children’s social competence, obtaining data from either parent is sufficient to provide an accurate reflection of social competence at home. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Assessing adolescent social competence using the Social Responsiveness Scale: Should we ask both parents or will just one do? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amanda M. PEARL, Auteur ; Michael J. MURRAY, Auteur ; Laura A. SMITH, Auteur ; Mariah ARNOLD, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.736-742. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.736-742 Mots-clés : assessment  autism spectrum disorder  interrater reliability  parent agreement  Social Responsiveness Scale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a paucity of instruments designed to measure social competence of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. The Social Responsiveness Scale is one of a few that can be used. This study compared differences between mother and father reports of social competence of adolescents. Data were collected from parents of 50 adolescents with and without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis between the ages of 12 and 17 years. The Social Responsiveness Scale demonstrated high interrater reliability between parents. These results suggest that the Social Responsiveness Scale is an efficient and valuable tool for researchers and clinicians to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of an individual’s social skills deficits. Additionally, given the extremely high agreement between mothers and fathers on the ratings of their children’s social competence, obtaining data from either parent is sufficient to provide an accurate reflection of social competence at home. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Adaptive function in preschoolers in relation to developmental delay and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: Insights from a clinical sample / Susan L. MILNE in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.743-753 Titre : Adaptive function in preschoolers in relation to developmental delay and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: Insights from a clinical sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan L. MILNE, Auteur ; Jenny L. MCDONALD, Auteur ; Elizabeth J. COMINO, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.743-753 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adaptive behaviour  Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System–Second Edition  autism  developmental disability  preschoolers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aims to explore the relationship between developmental ability, autism and adaptive skills in preschoolers. Adaptive function was assessed in 152 preschoolers with autism, with and without developmental delay, and without autism, with and without developmental delay. Their overall adaptive function, measured by the general adaptive composite on the Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System, was closely correlated to developmental ability as measured by the general quotient on the Griffith Mental Development Scales. Children with autism performed significantly less well on both scales. Domain scores discriminated between children with and without autism, with poorer performance on both the social and practical domain scores for children with autism, even when controlling for the effects of development. Children with average development, both with and without autism, had lower adaptive skills than expected for their developmental level. The importance of considering domain scores as well as the general adaptive composite when determining support needs is emphasised. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453091 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Adaptive function in preschoolers in relation to developmental delay and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: Insights from a clinical sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan L. MILNE, Auteur ; Jenny L. MCDONALD, Auteur ; Elizabeth J. COMINO, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.743-753. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.743-753 Mots-clés : adaptive behaviour  Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System–Second Edition  autism  developmental disability  preschoolers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aims to explore the relationship between developmental ability, autism and adaptive skills in preschoolers. Adaptive function was assessed in 152 preschoolers with autism, with and without developmental delay, and without autism, with and without developmental delay. Their overall adaptive function, measured by the general adaptive composite on the Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System, was closely correlated to developmental ability as measured by the general quotient on the Griffith Mental Development Scales. Children with autism performed significantly less well on both scales. Domain scores discriminated between children with and without autism, with poorer performance on both the social and practical domain scores for children with autism, even when controlling for the effects of development. Children with average development, both with and without autism, had lower adaptive skills than expected for their developmental level. The importance of considering domain scores as well as the general adaptive composite when determining support needs is emphasised. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312453091 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Spontaneous attention to faces in Asperger syndrome using ecologically valid static stimuli / Mary HANLEY in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.754-761 Titre : Spontaneous attention to faces in Asperger syndrome using ecologically valid static stimuli Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mary HANLEY, Auteur ; Martin MCPHILLIPS, Auteur ; Gerry MULHERN, Auteur ; Deborah M. RIBY, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.754-761 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  Autism  eye tracking  face perception  social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous eye tracking research on the allocation of attention to social information by individuals with autism spectrum disorders is equivocal and may be in part a consequence of variation in stimuli used between studies. The current study explored attention allocation to faces, and within faces, by individuals with Asperger syndrome using a range of static stimuli where faces were either viewed in isolation or viewed in the context of a social scene. Results showed that faces were viewed typically by the individuals with Asperger syndrome when presented in isolation, but attention to the eyes was significantly diminished in comparison to age and IQ-matched typical viewers when faces were viewed as part of social scenes. We show that when using static stimuli, there is evidence of atypicality for individuals with Asperger syndrome depending on the extent of social context. Our findings shed light on the previous explanations of gaze behaviour that have emphasised the role of movement in atypicalities of social attention in autism spectrum disorders and highlight the importance of consideration of the realistic portrayal of social information for future studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312456746 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Spontaneous attention to faces in Asperger syndrome using ecologically valid static stimuli [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mary HANLEY, Auteur ; Martin MCPHILLIPS, Auteur ; Gerry MULHERN, Auteur ; Deborah M. RIBY, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.754-761. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.754-761 Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  Autism  eye tracking  face perception  social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous eye tracking research on the allocation of attention to social information by individuals with autism spectrum disorders is equivocal and may be in part a consequence of variation in stimuli used between studies. The current study explored attention allocation to faces, and within faces, by individuals with Asperger syndrome using a range of static stimuli where faces were either viewed in isolation or viewed in the context of a social scene. Results showed that faces were viewed typically by the individuals with Asperger syndrome when presented in isolation, but attention to the eyes was significantly diminished in comparison to age and IQ-matched typical viewers when faces were viewed as part of social scenes. We show that when using static stimuli, there is evidence of atypicality for individuals with Asperger syndrome depending on the extent of social context. Our findings shed light on the previous explanations of gaze behaviour that have emphasised the role of movement in atypicalities of social attention in autism spectrum disorders and highlight the importance of consideration of the realistic portrayal of social information for future studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312456746 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

The relationship between emotion recognition ability and social skills in young children with autism / Beth T. WILLIAMS in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.762-768 Titre : The relationship between emotion recognition ability and social skills in young children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Beth T. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Kylie M. GRAY, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.762-768 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  emotion recognition  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study assessed the relationship between emotion recognition ability and social skills in 42 young children with autistic disorder aged 4–7 years. The analyses revealed that accuracy in recognition of sadness, but not happiness, anger or fear, was associated with higher ratings on the Vineland-II Socialization domain, above and beyond the influence of chronological age, cognitive ability and autism symptom severity. These findings extend previous research with adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders, suggesting that sadness recognition is also associated with social skills in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312465355 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] The relationship between emotion recognition ability and social skills in young children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Beth T. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Kylie M. GRAY, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.762-768. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.762-768 Mots-clés : Autism  emotion recognition  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study assessed the relationship between emotion recognition ability and social skills in 42 young children with autistic disorder aged 4–7 years. The analyses revealed that accuracy in recognition of sadness, but not happiness, anger or fear, was associated with higher ratings on the Vineland-II Socialization domain, above and beyond the influence of chronological age, cognitive ability and autism symptom severity. These findings extend previous research with adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders, suggesting that sadness recognition is also associated with social skills in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312465355 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Lay Abstracts in Autism, 17-6 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.769-774 Titre : Lay Abstracts Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.769-774 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Lay Abstracts [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 2013 . - p.769-774. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 17-6 (November 2013) . - p.769-774 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218