Intracranial arachnoid cysts: impairment of higher cognitive functions and postoperative improvement / Priyanthi B. GJERDE in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 5-1 (December 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 5-1 (December 2013) . - p.21 Titre : Intracranial arachnoid cysts: impairment of higher cognitive functions and postoperative improvement Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Priyanthi B. GJERDE, Auteur ; Marit SCHMID, Auteur ; Ã…sa HAMMAR, Auteur ; Knut WESTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.21 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Intracranial arachnoid cysts have been shown to yield cognitive impairment over a range of basic mental functions, and these functions normalize after surgical cyst decompression. We wanted to investigate whether such cysts may also impair executive cognitive functions, and whether surgical cyst decompression leads to an improvement. METHODS: This study included 22 patients with arachnoid cysts and 13 control patients scheduled for low back surgery. All subjects were tested with Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) tests, assessing executive function 1 day before surgery and a minimum of 3 months after surgery. The data were analyzed according to scaled score computations based on raw scores provided by D-KEFS, adjusted for age, gender, and educational norms. RESULTS: Preoperatively, the patients with cysts group performed worse than the control group in verbal knowledge, mental flexibility, inhibitory capacity, problem solving, and planning skills. Postoperatively, the patients with cysts group significantly improved performance and were no longer different from the control group in the following subtests: inhibition, inhibition/switching, letter fluency, category switching, and total switching accuracy. The patients with cysts group also significantly improved performance in color naming, category fluency, and in the Tower test, but nevertheless remained impaired at follow-up compared with the control group. The control group did not show a similar improvement, except for the Tower test. Cyst size or postoperative volume reduction did not correlate with cognitive performance or postoperative improvement. Patients with left-sided temporal cysts performed poorer than patients with right-sided cysts on a complex verbal task demanding mental flexibility. CONCLUSIONS: Arachnoid cysts seem to impair not only basic cognition, but also executive functions. Most of this impairment appears to be reversible after surgical cyst decompression. These results may have implications for future preoperative considerations for patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-5-21 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=345 [article] Intracranial arachnoid cysts: impairment of higher cognitive functions and postoperative improvement [texte imprimé] / Priyanthi B. GJERDE, Auteur ; Marit SCHMID, Auteur ; Ã…sa HAMMAR, Auteur ; Knut WESTER, Auteur . - p.21. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 5-1 (December 2013) . - p.21 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Intracranial arachnoid cysts have been shown to yield cognitive impairment over a range of basic mental functions, and these functions normalize after surgical cyst decompression. We wanted to investigate whether such cysts may also impair executive cognitive functions, and whether surgical cyst decompression leads to an improvement. METHODS: This study included 22 patients with arachnoid cysts and 13 control patients scheduled for low back surgery. All subjects were tested with Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) tests, assessing executive function 1 day before surgery and a minimum of 3 months after surgery. The data were analyzed according to scaled score computations based on raw scores provided by D-KEFS, adjusted for age, gender, and educational norms. RESULTS: Preoperatively, the patients with cysts group performed worse than the control group in verbal knowledge, mental flexibility, inhibitory capacity, problem solving, and planning skills. Postoperatively, the patients with cysts group significantly improved performance and were no longer different from the control group in the following subtests: inhibition, inhibition/switching, letter fluency, category switching, and total switching accuracy. The patients with cysts group also significantly improved performance in color naming, category fluency, and in the Tower test, but nevertheless remained impaired at follow-up compared with the control group. The control group did not show a similar improvement, except for the Tower test. Cyst size or postoperative volume reduction did not correlate with cognitive performance or postoperative improvement. Patients with left-sided temporal cysts performed poorer than patients with right-sided cysts on a complex verbal task demanding mental flexibility. CONCLUSIONS: Arachnoid cysts seem to impair not only basic cognition, but also executive functions. Most of this impairment appears to be reversible after surgical cyst decompression. These results may have implications for future preoperative considerations for patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-5-21 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=345

Longitudinal relations between impaired executive function and symptoms of psychiatric disorders in childhood / Marte HALSE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-12 (December 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-12 (December 2022) . - p.1574-1582 Titre : Longitudinal relations between impaired executive function and symptoms of psychiatric disorders in childhood Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marte HALSE, Auteur ; Silje STEINSBEKK, Auteur ; Ã…sa HAMMAR, Auteur ; Lars WICHSTRØM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1574-1582 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  Adolescent  Child, Preschool  Humans  Executive Function  Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/epidemiology  Conduct Disorder  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity  Anxiety Disorders  Adolescents  Brief  Capa  Papa  child development  developmental psychopathology  longitudinal  mental health  p factor  psychiatric disorder  self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Malfunctioning of executive functions correlates with psychopathology in children. However, the directionality, the extent to which the relation varies for various disorders, and whether prospective relations afford causal interpretations are not known. METHODS: A community sample of Norwegian children (n=874) was studied biennially from the age of 6 to 14 years. Executive functions were assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Teacher-report and symptoms of psychopathology were assessed using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (age 6; parents) and Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (ages 8-14; children and parents). Prospective reciprocal relations were examined using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model that adjusts for all unobserved time-invariant confounders. RESULTS: Even when time-invariant confounders were accounted for, reduced executive functions predicted increased symptoms of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD) 2 years later, even when previous changes in these symptoms were adjusted for. The level of prediction (B=.83, 95% CI [.37, 1.3]) was not different for different disorders or ages. Conversely, reduced executive functions were predicted by increased symptoms of all disorders (B=.01, 95% CI [.01, .02]). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced executive functioning may be involved in the etiology of depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD/CD to an equal extent. Moreover, increased depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD/CD may negatively impact executive functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13622 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=490 [article] Longitudinal relations between impaired executive function and symptoms of psychiatric disorders in childhood [texte imprimé] / Marte HALSE, Auteur ; Silje STEINSBEKK, Auteur ; Ã…sa HAMMAR, Auteur ; Lars WICHSTRØM, Auteur . - p.1574-1582. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-12 (December 2022) . - p.1574-1582 Mots-clés : Child  Adolescent  Child, Preschool  Humans  Executive Function  Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/epidemiology  Conduct Disorder  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity  Anxiety Disorders  Adolescents  Brief  Capa  Papa  child development  developmental psychopathology  longitudinal  mental health  p factor  psychiatric disorder  self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Malfunctioning of executive functions correlates with psychopathology in children. However, the directionality, the extent to which the relation varies for various disorders, and whether prospective relations afford causal interpretations are not known. METHODS: A community sample of Norwegian children (n=874) was studied biennially from the age of 6 to 14 years. Executive functions were assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Teacher-report and symptoms of psychopathology were assessed using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (age 6; parents) and Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (ages 8-14; children and parents). Prospective reciprocal relations were examined using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model that adjusts for all unobserved time-invariant confounders. RESULTS: Even when time-invariant confounders were accounted for, reduced executive functions predicted increased symptoms of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD) 2 years later, even when previous changes in these symptoms were adjusted for. The level of prediction (B=.83, 95% CI [.37, 1.3]) was not different for different disorders or ages. Conversely, reduced executive functions were predicted by increased symptoms of all disorders (B=.01, 95% CI [.01, .02]). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced executive functioning may be involved in the etiology of depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD/CD to an equal extent. Moreover, increased depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD/CD may negatively impact executive functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13622 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=490

Reduced white matter connectivity in the corpus callosum of children with Tourette syndrome / Kerstin J. PLESSEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-10 (October 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-10 (October 2006) . - p.1013–1022 Titre : Reduced white matter connectivity in the corpus callosum of children with Tourette syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kerstin J. PLESSEN, Auteur ; Astri J. LUNDERVOLD, Auteur ; Bradley S. PETERSON, Auteur ; Achim GASS, Auteur ; Stein Atle LIE, Auteur ; Tore WENTZEL-LARSEN, Auteur ; Ã…sa HAMMAR, Auteur ; Ravi BANSAL, Auteur ; Dongrong XU, Auteur ; Jochen G. HIRSCH, Auteur ; Arvid LUNDERVOLD, Auteur ; Renate GRUNER, Auteur ; Kenneth HUGDAHL, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1013–1022 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Tourette-syndrome brain-development brain-imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Brain imaging studies have revealed anatomical anomalies in the brains of individuals with Tourette syndrome (TS). Prefrontal regions have been found to be larger and the corpus callosum (CC) area smaller in children and young adults with TS compared with healthy control subjects, and these anatomical features have been understood to reflect neural plasticity that helps to attenuate the severity of tics. Method: CC white matter connectivity, as measured by the Fractional Anisotropy (FA) index from diffusion tensor images, was assessed in 20 clinically well-defined boys with Tourette syndrome and 20 age- and gender-matched controls. Results: The hypothesis that children with TS would show reduced measures of connectivity in CC fibers was confirmed for all subregions of the CC. There was no significant interaction of TS and region. Reductions in FA in CC regions may reflect either fewer interhemispheric fibers or reduced axonal myelination. FA values did not correlate significantly with the severity of tic symptoms. Group differences in measures of connectivity did not seem to be attributable to the presence of comorbid ADHD or OCD, to medication exposure, or group differences in IQ. Conclusion: Our findings of a reduced interhemispheral white matter connectivity add to the understanding of neural connectivity and plasticity in the brains of children who have TS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01639.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=791 [article] Reduced white matter connectivity in the corpus callosum of children with Tourette syndrome [texte imprimé] / Kerstin J. PLESSEN, Auteur ; Astri J. LUNDERVOLD, Auteur ; Bradley S. PETERSON, Auteur ; Achim GASS, Auteur ; Stein Atle LIE, Auteur ; Tore WENTZEL-LARSEN, Auteur ; Ã…sa HAMMAR, Auteur ; Ravi BANSAL, Auteur ; Dongrong XU, Auteur ; Jochen G. HIRSCH, Auteur ; Arvid LUNDERVOLD, Auteur ; Renate GRUNER, Auteur ; Kenneth HUGDAHL, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1013–1022. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-10 (October 2006) . - p.1013–1022 Mots-clés : Tourette-syndrome brain-development brain-imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Brain imaging studies have revealed anatomical anomalies in the brains of individuals with Tourette syndrome (TS). Prefrontal regions have been found to be larger and the corpus callosum (CC) area smaller in children and young adults with TS compared with healthy control subjects, and these anatomical features have been understood to reflect neural plasticity that helps to attenuate the severity of tics. Method: CC white matter connectivity, as measured by the Fractional Anisotropy (FA) index from diffusion tensor images, was assessed in 20 clinically well-defined boys with Tourette syndrome and 20 age- and gender-matched controls. Results: The hypothesis that children with TS would show reduced measures of connectivity in CC fibers was confirmed for all subregions of the CC. There was no significant interaction of TS and region. Reductions in FA in CC regions may reflect either fewer interhemispheric fibers or reduced axonal myelination. FA values did not correlate significantly with the severity of tic symptoms. Group differences in measures of connectivity did not seem to be attributable to the presence of comorbid ADHD or OCD, to medication exposure, or group differences in IQ. Conclusion: Our findings of a reduced interhemispheral white matter connectivity add to the understanding of neural connectivity and plasticity in the brains of children who have TS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01639.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=791

---

1 (1 - 3 / 3) Par page : 25 50 100 200