Developmental trajectories of positive and negative affect in children at high and low familial risk for depressive disorder / Thomas M. OLINO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-7 (July 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-7 (July 2011) . - p.792-799 Titre : Developmental trajectories of positive and negative affect in children at high and low familial risk for depressive disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Thomas M. OLINO, Auteur ; Nestor L. LOPEZ-DURAN, Auteur ; Maria KOVACS, Auteur ; Charles J. GEORGE, Auteur ; Amy L. GENTZLER, Auteur ; Daniel S. SHAW, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.792-799 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Positive affect  negative affect  depression risk  developmental trajectories Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Although low positive affect (PA) and high negative affect (NA) have been posited to predispose to depressive disorders, little is known about the developmental trajectories of these affects in children at familial risk for mood disorders. Methods:  We examined 202 offspring of mothers who had a history of juvenile-onset unipolar depressive disorder (n = 60) or no history of major psychopathology (n = 80). Offspring participated in up to seven annual, structured laboratory tasks that were designed to elicit PA and NA. Results:  Growth curve analyses revealed that PA increased linearly and similarly for all children from late infancy through age 9. However, there also were individual differences in early PA. Relative to control peers, offspring of mothers with lifetime unipolar depression had consistently lower levels of PA, and this association remained significant even when controlling for current maternal depression and maternal affect displays. Growth curve analyses also revealed a significant linear decrease in NA in children across time; however, there was no significant inter-individual variation either in early NA or rate of change in NA. Conclusion:  Attenuated PA (rather than excessive NA) may be an early vulnerability factor for eventual unipolar depressive disorder in at-risk children and may represent one pathway through which depression is transmitted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02331.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=126 [article] Developmental trajectories of positive and negative affect in children at high and low familial risk for depressive disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Thomas M. OLINO, Auteur ; Nestor L. LOPEZ-DURAN, Auteur ; Maria KOVACS, Auteur ; Charles J. GEORGE, Auteur ; Amy L. GENTZLER, Auteur ; Daniel S. SHAW, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.792-799. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-7 (July 2011) . - p.792-799 Mots-clés : Positive affect  negative affect  depression risk  developmental trajectories Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Although low positive affect (PA) and high negative affect (NA) have been posited to predispose to depressive disorders, little is known about the developmental trajectories of these affects in children at familial risk for mood disorders. Methods:  We examined 202 offspring of mothers who had a history of juvenile-onset unipolar depressive disorder (n = 60) or no history of major psychopathology (n = 80). Offspring participated in up to seven annual, structured laboratory tasks that were designed to elicit PA and NA. Results:  Growth curve analyses revealed that PA increased linearly and similarly for all children from late infancy through age 9. However, there also were individual differences in early PA. Relative to control peers, offspring of mothers with lifetime unipolar depression had consistently lower levels of PA, and this association remained significant even when controlling for current maternal depression and maternal affect displays. Growth curve analyses also revealed a significant linear decrease in NA in children across time; however, there was no significant inter-individual variation either in early NA or rate of change in NA. Conclusion:  Attenuated PA (rather than excessive NA) may be an early vulnerability factor for eventual unipolar depressive disorder in at-risk children and may represent one pathway through which depression is transmitted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02331.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=126

Facial emotion expression recognition by children at familial risk for depression: high-risk boys are oversensitive to sadness / Nestor L. LOPEZ-DURAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-5 (May 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-5 (May 2013) . - p.565-574 Titre : Facial emotion expression recognition by children at familial risk for depression: high-risk boys are oversensitive to sadness Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nestor L. LOPEZ-DURAN, Auteur ; Kate R. KUHLMAN, Auteur ; Charles J. GEORGE, Auteur ; Maria KOVACS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.565-574 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Facial expressions  children  depression  information processing  children of depressed parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Offspring of depressed parents are at greatly increased risk for mood disorders. Among potential mechanisms of risk, recent studies have focused on information processing anomalies, such as attention and memory biases, in the offspring of depressed parents. In this study we examined another information processing domain, perceptual sensitivity to emotion cues in facial expressions, as a potential mechanism of risk that characterizes the offspring of depressed parents. Methods: The study included 64 children at familial-risk for depression and 40 low-risk peers between the ages 7 and 13(Mage = 9.51; SD = 2.27). Participants were presented with pictures of facial expressions that varied in emotional intensity from neutral to full-intensity sadness or anger (i.e., emotion recognition), or pictures of faces morphing from anger to sadness (emotion discrimination). After each picture was presented, children indicated whether the face showed a specific emotion (i.e., sadness, anger) or no emotion at all (neutral) using a forced choice paradigm. We examined group differences in the intensity of emotion that suggested greater sensitivity to specific emotions. Results: In the emotion recognition task, boys (but not girls) at familial-risk for depression identified sadness at significantly lower levels of emotional intensity than did their low-risk peers. The high and low-risk groups did not differ with regard to identification of anger. In the emotion discrimination task, both groups displayed over-identification of sadness in ambiguous mixed faces but high-risk youth were less likely to show this labeling bias than their peers. Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that enhanced perceptual sensitivity to subtle traces of sadness in facial expressions may be a potential mechanism of risk among boys at familial-risk for depression. This enhanced perceptual sensitivity does not appear to be due to biases in the labeling of ambiguous faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=196 [article] Facial emotion expression recognition by children at familial risk for depression: high-risk boys are oversensitive to sadness [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nestor L. LOPEZ-DURAN, Auteur ; Kate R. KUHLMAN, Auteur ; Charles J. GEORGE, Auteur ; Maria KOVACS, Auteur . - p.565-574. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-5 (May 2013) . - p.565-574 Mots-clés : Facial expressions  children  depression  information processing  children of depressed parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Offspring of depressed parents are at greatly increased risk for mood disorders. Among potential mechanisms of risk, recent studies have focused on information processing anomalies, such as attention and memory biases, in the offspring of depressed parents. In this study we examined another information processing domain, perceptual sensitivity to emotion cues in facial expressions, as a potential mechanism of risk that characterizes the offspring of depressed parents. Methods: The study included 64 children at familial-risk for depression and 40 low-risk peers between the ages 7 and 13(Mage = 9.51; SD = 2.27). Participants were presented with pictures of facial expressions that varied in emotional intensity from neutral to full-intensity sadness or anger (i.e., emotion recognition), or pictures of faces morphing from anger to sadness (emotion discrimination). After each picture was presented, children indicated whether the face showed a specific emotion (i.e., sadness, anger) or no emotion at all (neutral) using a forced choice paradigm. We examined group differences in the intensity of emotion that suggested greater sensitivity to specific emotions. Results: In the emotion recognition task, boys (but not girls) at familial-risk for depression identified sadness at significantly lower levels of emotional intensity than did their low-risk peers. The high and low-risk groups did not differ with regard to identification of anger. In the emotion discrimination task, both groups displayed over-identification of sadness in ambiguous mixed faces but high-risk youth were less likely to show this labeling bias than their peers. Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that enhanced perceptual sensitivity to subtle traces of sadness in facial expressions may be a potential mechanism of risk among boys at familial-risk for depression. This enhanced perceptual sensitivity does not appear to be due to biases in the labeling of ambiguous faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=196

Mood repair via attention refocusing or recall of positive autobiographical memories by adolescents with pediatric-onset major depression / Maria KOVACS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-10 (October 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-10 (October 2015) . - p.1108-1117 Titre : Mood repair via attention refocusing or recall of positive autobiographical memories by adolescents with pediatric-onset major depression Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria KOVACS, Auteur ; Ilya YAROSLAVSKY, Auteur ; Jonathan ROTTENBERG, Auteur ; Charles J. GEORGE, Auteur ; Ildikó BAJI, Auteur ; István BENAK, Auteur ; Roberta DOCHNAL, Auteur ; Kitti HALAS, Auteur ; Enik? KISS, Auteur ; Ágnes VETRO, Auteur ; Krisztina KAPORNAI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1108-1117 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mood repair  emotion regulation  depression  adolescents  attention  positive memories Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Impaired emotion regulation is increasingly recognized as a core feature of depressive disorders. Indeed, currently and previously depressed adults both report greater problems in attenuating sadness (mood repair) in daily life than healthy controls. In contrast, studies of various strategies to attenuate sad affect have mostly found that currently or previously depressed adults and controls were similarly successful at mood repair in the laboratory. But few studies have examined mood repair among depression-prone youths or the effects of trait characteristics on mood repair outcomes in the laboratory. Methods Adolescents, whose first episode of major depressive disorder (MDD) had onset at age 9, on average (probands), and were either in remission or depressed, and control peers, watched a sad film clip. Then, they were instructed to engage in refocusing attention (distraction) or recalling happy memories. Using affect ratings provided by the youths, we tested two developmentally informed hypotheses about whether the subject groups would be similarly able to attenuate sadness via the two mood repair strategies. We also explored if self-reported habitual (trait) mood repair influenced laboratory performance. Results Contrary to expectations, attention refocusing and recall of happy memories led to comparable mood benefits across subjects. Control adolescents reported significantly greater reductions in sadness than did depressed (Cohen's d = .48) or remitted (Cohen's d = .32) probands, regardless of mood repair strategy, while currently depressed probands remained the saddest after mood repair. Habitual mood repair styles moderated the effects of instructed (state) mood repair in the laboratory. Conclusions Whether depressed or in remission, adolescents with MDD histories are not as efficient at mood repair in the laboratory as controls. But proband-control group differences in mood repair outcomes were modest in scope, suggesting that the abilities that subserve affect regulation have been preserved in probands to some degree. Further information about the nature of mood repair problems among youths with depression histories would help to better understand the clinical course of MDD and to design personalized interventions for depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12376 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269 [article] Mood repair via attention refocusing or recall of positive autobiographical memories by adolescents with pediatric-onset major depression [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria KOVACS, Auteur ; Ilya YAROSLAVSKY, Auteur ; Jonathan ROTTENBERG, Auteur ; Charles J. GEORGE, Auteur ; Ildikó BAJI, Auteur ; István BENAK, Auteur ; Roberta DOCHNAL, Auteur ; Kitti HALAS, Auteur ; Enik? KISS, Auteur ; Ágnes VETRO, Auteur ; Krisztina KAPORNAI, Auteur . - p.1108-1117. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-10 (October 2015) . - p.1108-1117 Mots-clés : Mood repair  emotion regulation  depression  adolescents  attention  positive memories Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Impaired emotion regulation is increasingly recognized as a core feature of depressive disorders. Indeed, currently and previously depressed adults both report greater problems in attenuating sadness (mood repair) in daily life than healthy controls. In contrast, studies of various strategies to attenuate sad affect have mostly found that currently or previously depressed adults and controls were similarly successful at mood repair in the laboratory. But few studies have examined mood repair among depression-prone youths or the effects of trait characteristics on mood repair outcomes in the laboratory. Methods Adolescents, whose first episode of major depressive disorder (MDD) had onset at age 9, on average (probands), and were either in remission or depressed, and control peers, watched a sad film clip. Then, they were instructed to engage in refocusing attention (distraction) or recalling happy memories. Using affect ratings provided by the youths, we tested two developmentally informed hypotheses about whether the subject groups would be similarly able to attenuate sadness via the two mood repair strategies. We also explored if self-reported habitual (trait) mood repair influenced laboratory performance. Results Contrary to expectations, attention refocusing and recall of happy memories led to comparable mood benefits across subjects. Control adolescents reported significantly greater reductions in sadness than did depressed (Cohen's d = .48) or remitted (Cohen's d = .32) probands, regardless of mood repair strategy, while currently depressed probands remained the saddest after mood repair. Habitual mood repair styles moderated the effects of instructed (state) mood repair in the laboratory. Conclusions Whether depressed or in remission, adolescents with MDD histories are not as efficient at mood repair in the laboratory as controls. But proband-control group differences in mood repair outcomes were modest in scope, suggesting that the abilities that subserve affect regulation have been preserved in probands to some degree. Further information about the nature of mood repair problems among youths with depression histories would help to better understand the clinical course of MDD and to design personalized interventions for depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12376 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269

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