Autistic young people adaptively use gaze to facilitate joint attention during multi-gestural dyadic interactions / Nathan CARUANA in Autism, 28-6 (June 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-6 (June 2024) . - p.1565-1581 Titre : Autistic young people adaptively use gaze to facilitate joint attention during multi-gestural dyadic interactions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nathan CARUANA, Auteur ; Patrick NALEPKA, Auteur ; Glicyr A. PEREZ, Auteur ; Christine INKLEY, Auteur ; Courtney MUNRO, Auteur ; Hannah RAPAPORT, Auteur ; Simon BRETT, Auteur ; David M. KAPLAN, Auteur ; Michael J. RICHARDSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1565-1581 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : eye contact  gaze  non-verbal communication  social interaction  virtual reality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people often experience difficulties navigating face-to-face social interactions. Historically, the empirical literature has characterised these difficulties as cognitive 'deficits' in social information processing. However, the empirical basis for such claims is lacking, with most studies failing to capture the complexity of social interactions, often distilling them into singular communicative modalities (e.g. gaze-based communication) that are rarely used in isolation in daily interactions. The current study examined how gaze was used in concert with communicative hand gestures during joint attention interactions. We employed an immersive virtual reality paradigm, where autistic (n = 22) and non-autistic (n = 22) young people completed a collaborative task with a non-autistic confederate. Integrated eye-, head- and hand-motion-tracking enabled dyads to communicate naturally with each other while offering objective measures of attention and behaviour. Autistic people in our sample were similarly, if not more, effective in responding to hand-cued joint attention bids compared with non-autistic people. Moreover, both autistic and non-autistic people demonstrated an ability to adaptively use gaze information to aid coordination. Our findings suggest that the intersecting fields of autism and social neuroscience research may have overstated the role of eye gaze during coordinated social interactions. Lay abstract Autistic people have been said to have 'problems' with joint attention, that is, looking where someone else is looking. Past studies of joint attention have used tasks that require autistic people to continuously look at and respond to eye-gaze cues. But joint attention can also be done using other social cues, like pointing. This study looked at whether autistic and non-autistic young people use another person?s eye gaze during joint attention in a task that did not require them to look at their partner?s face. In the task, each participant worked together with their partner to find a computer-generated object in virtual reality. Sometimes the participant had to help guide their partner to the object, and other times, they followed their partner?s lead. Participants were told to point to guide one another but were not told to use eye gaze. Both autistic and non-autistic participants often looked at their partner?s face during joint attention interactions and were faster to respond to their partner?s hand-pointing when the partner also looked at the object before pointing. This shows that autistic people can and do use information from another person?s eyes, even when they don?t have to. It is possible that, by not forcing autistic young people to look at their partner?s face and eyes, they were better able to gather information from their partner?s face when needed, without being overwhelmed. This shows how important it is to design tasks that provide autistic people with opportunities to show what they can do. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231211967 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] Autistic young people adaptively use gaze to facilitate joint attention during multi-gestural dyadic interactions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nathan CARUANA, Auteur ; Patrick NALEPKA, Auteur ; Glicyr A. PEREZ, Auteur ; Christine INKLEY, Auteur ; Courtney MUNRO, Auteur ; Hannah RAPAPORT, Auteur ; Simon BRETT, Auteur ; David M. KAPLAN, Auteur ; Michael J. RICHARDSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur . - p.1565-1581. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-6 (June 2024) . - p.1565-1581 Mots-clés : eye contact  gaze  non-verbal communication  social interaction  virtual reality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people often experience difficulties navigating face-to-face social interactions. Historically, the empirical literature has characterised these difficulties as cognitive 'deficits' in social information processing. However, the empirical basis for such claims is lacking, with most studies failing to capture the complexity of social interactions, often distilling them into singular communicative modalities (e.g. gaze-based communication) that are rarely used in isolation in daily interactions. The current study examined how gaze was used in concert with communicative hand gestures during joint attention interactions. We employed an immersive virtual reality paradigm, where autistic (n = 22) and non-autistic (n = 22) young people completed a collaborative task with a non-autistic confederate. Integrated eye-, head- and hand-motion-tracking enabled dyads to communicate naturally with each other while offering objective measures of attention and behaviour. Autistic people in our sample were similarly, if not more, effective in responding to hand-cued joint attention bids compared with non-autistic people. Moreover, both autistic and non-autistic people demonstrated an ability to adaptively use gaze information to aid coordination. Our findings suggest that the intersecting fields of autism and social neuroscience research may have overstated the role of eye gaze during coordinated social interactions. Lay abstract Autistic people have been said to have 'problems' with joint attention, that is, looking where someone else is looking. Past studies of joint attention have used tasks that require autistic people to continuously look at and respond to eye-gaze cues. But joint attention can also be done using other social cues, like pointing. This study looked at whether autistic and non-autistic young people use another person?s eye gaze during joint attention in a task that did not require them to look at their partner?s face. In the task, each participant worked together with their partner to find a computer-generated object in virtual reality. Sometimes the participant had to help guide their partner to the object, and other times, they followed their partner?s lead. Participants were told to point to guide one another but were not told to use eye gaze. Both autistic and non-autistic participants often looked at their partner?s face during joint attention interactions and were faster to respond to their partner?s hand-pointing when the partner also looked at the object before pointing. This shows that autistic people can and do use information from another person?s eyes, even when they don?t have to. It is possible that, by not forcing autistic young people to look at their partner?s face and eyes, they were better able to gather information from their partner?s face when needed, without being overwhelmed. This shows how important it is to design tasks that provide autistic people with opportunities to show what they can do. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231211967 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

Evaluating the importance of social motor synchronization and motor skill for understanding autism / Paula FITZPATRICK in Autism Research, 10-10 (October 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-10 (October 2017) . - p.1687-1699 Titre : Evaluating the importance of social motor synchronization and motor skill for understanding autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paula FITZPATRICK, Auteur ; Veronica ROMERO, Auteur ; Joseph L. AMARAL, Auteur ; Amie DUNCAN, Auteur ; Holly D. BARNARD, Auteur ; Michael J. RICHARDSON, Auteur ; R.C. SCHMIDT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1687-1699 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  social synchronization  dynamics  social interaction  motor skill Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in social interaction and communicating with others are core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the specific processes underlying such social competence impairments are not well understood. An important key for increasing our understanding of ASD-specific social deficits may lie with the social motor synchronization that takes place when we implicitly coordinate our bodies with others. Here, we tested whether dynamical measures of synchronization differentiate children with ASD from controls and further explored the relationships between synchronization ability and motor control problems. We found (a) that children with ASD exhibited different and less stable patterns of social synchronization ability than controls; (b) children with ASD performed motor movements that were slower and more variable in both spacing and timing; and (c) some social synchronization that involved motor timing was related to motor ability but less rhythmic synchronization was not. These findings raise the possibility that objective dynamical measures of synchronization ability and motor skill could provide new insights into understanding the social deficits in ASD that could ultimately aid clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1687–1699. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1808 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=322 [article] Evaluating the importance of social motor synchronization and motor skill for understanding autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paula FITZPATRICK, Auteur ; Veronica ROMERO, Auteur ; Joseph L. AMARAL, Auteur ; Amie DUNCAN, Auteur ; Holly D. BARNARD, Auteur ; Michael J. RICHARDSON, Auteur ; R.C. SCHMIDT, Auteur . - p.1687-1699. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-10 (October 2017) . - p.1687-1699 Mots-clés : autism  social synchronization  dynamics  social interaction  motor skill Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in social interaction and communicating with others are core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the specific processes underlying such social competence impairments are not well understood. An important key for increasing our understanding of ASD-specific social deficits may lie with the social motor synchronization that takes place when we implicitly coordinate our bodies with others. Here, we tested whether dynamical measures of synchronization differentiate children with ASD from controls and further explored the relationships between synchronization ability and motor control problems. We found (a) that children with ASD exhibited different and less stable patterns of social synchronization ability than controls; (b) children with ASD performed motor movements that were slower and more variable in both spacing and timing; and (c) some social synchronization that involved motor timing was related to motor ability but less rhythmic synchronization was not. These findings raise the possibility that objective dynamical measures of synchronization ability and motor skill could provide new insights into understanding the social deficits in ASD that could ultimately aid clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1687–1699. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1808 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=322

Rhythmic bimanual coordination is impaired in young children with autism spectrum disorder / Robert W. ISENHOWER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6-1 (January-March 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 6-1 (January-March 2012) . - p.25-31 Titre : Rhythmic bimanual coordination is impaired in young children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Robert W. ISENHOWER, Auteur ; Kerry L. MARSHA, Auteur ; Michael J. RICHARDSON, Auteur ; Molly HELT, Auteur ; R.C. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.25-31 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Motor deficits  Bimanual coordination Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in motor coordination are a common behavioral manifestation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We, therefore, used a drumming methodology to examine rhythmic bimanual coordination in children diagnosed with ASD (M = 47.3 months) and age-matched typically developing (TD) children (M = 42.6 months). Both groups were instructed to drum on a pad in two required phases: in-phase (drumsticks striking the pad simultaneously) and anti-phase (drumsticks striking in alteration). Analysis revealed that TD children were more able than children with ASD to stay in the required phase relationships for both in-phase and anti-phase coordination. Movement variability was higher for children with ASD than TD children. Imitation ability of the ASD group was somewhat related to their performance on the task. We discuss the implications that deficits in bimanual (intra-personal) coordination may have for social and interpersonal coordination in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.08.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Rhythmic bimanual coordination is impaired in young children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Robert W. ISENHOWER, Auteur ; Kerry L. MARSHA, Auteur ; Michael J. RICHARDSON, Auteur ; Molly HELT, Auteur ; R.C. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.25-31. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 6-1 (January-March 2012) . - p.25-31 Mots-clés : ASD  Motor deficits  Bimanual coordination Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in motor coordination are a common behavioral manifestation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We, therefore, used a drumming methodology to examine rhythmic bimanual coordination in children diagnosed with ASD (M = 47.3 months) and age-matched typically developing (TD) children (M = 42.6 months). Both groups were instructed to drum on a pad in two required phases: in-phase (drumsticks striking the pad simultaneously) and anti-phase (drumsticks striking in alteration). Analysis revealed that TD children were more able than children with ASD to stay in the required phase relationships for both in-phase and anti-phase coordination. Movement variability was higher for children with ASD than TD children. Imitation ability of the ASD group was somewhat related to their performance on the task. We discuss the implications that deficits in bimanual (intra-personal) coordination may have for social and interpersonal coordination in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.08.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Social Motor Synchronization: Insights for Understanding Social Behavior in Autism / Paula FITZPATRICK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-7 (July 2017) . - p.2092-2107 Titre : Social Motor Synchronization: Insights for Understanding Social Behavior in Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paula FITZPATRICK, Auteur ; Veronica ROMERO, Auteur ; Joseph L. AMARAL, Auteur ; Amie DUNCAN, Auteur ; Holly D. BARNARD, Auteur ; Michael J. RICHARDSON, Auteur ; R.C. SCHMIDT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2092-2107 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Social synchronization  Dynamics  Social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in social interaction and communication are critical features of ASD but the underlying processes are poorly understood. An under-explored area is the social motor synchronization that happens when we coordinate our bodies with others. Here, we explored the relationships between dynamical measures of social motor synchronization and assessments of ASD traits. We found (a) spontaneous social motor synchronization was associated with responding to joint attention, cooperation, and theory of mind while intentional social motor synchronization was associated with initiating joint attention and theory of mind; and (b) social motor synchronization was associated with ASD severity but not fully explained by motor problems. Findings suggest that objective measures of social motor synchronization may provide insights into understanding ASD traits. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3124-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=314 [article] Social Motor Synchronization: Insights for Understanding Social Behavior in Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paula FITZPATRICK, Auteur ; Veronica ROMERO, Auteur ; Joseph L. AMARAL, Auteur ; Amie DUNCAN, Auteur ; Holly D. BARNARD, Auteur ; Michael J. RICHARDSON, Auteur ; R.C. SCHMIDT, Auteur . - p.2092-2107. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-7 (July 2017) . - p.2092-2107 Mots-clés : Autism  Social synchronization  Dynamics  Social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in social interaction and communication are critical features of ASD but the underlying processes are poorly understood. An under-explored area is the social motor synchronization that happens when we coordinate our bodies with others. Here, we explored the relationships between dynamical measures of social motor synchronization and assessments of ASD traits. We found (a) spontaneous social motor synchronization was associated with responding to joint attention, cooperation, and theory of mind while intentional social motor synchronization was associated with initiating joint attention and theory of mind; and (b) social motor synchronization was associated with ASD severity but not fully explained by motor problems. Findings suggest that objective measures of social motor synchronization may provide insights into understanding ASD traits. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3124-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=314

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