Abnormal Brain Dynamics Underlie Speech Production in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Elizabeth W. PANG in Autism Research, 9-2 (February 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-2 (February 2016) . - p.249-261 Titre : Abnormal Brain Dynamics Underlie Speech Production in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth W. PANG, Auteur ; Tatiana VALICA, Auteur ; Matt J. MACDONALD, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.249-261 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : magnetoencephalography  oromotor control  phoneme production  phonemic sequencing  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A large proportion of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have speech and/or language difficulties. While a number of structural and functional neuroimaging methods have been used to explore the brain differences in ASD with regards to speech and language comprehension and production, the neurobiology of basic speech function in ASD has not been examined. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a neuroimaging modality with high spatial and temporal resolution that can be applied to the examination of brain dynamics underlying speech as it can capture the fast responses fundamental to this function. We acquired MEG from 21 children with high-functioning autism (mean age: 11.43 years) and 21 age- and sex-matched controls as they performed a simple oromotor task, a phoneme production task and a phonemic sequencing task. Results showed significant differences in activation magnitude and peak latencies in primary motor cortex (Brodmann Area 4), motor planning areas (BA 6), temporal sequencing and sensorimotor integration areas (BA 22/13) and executive control areas (BA 9). Our findings of significant functional brain differences between these two groups on these simple oromotor and phonemic tasks suggest that these deficits may be foundational and could underlie the language deficits seen in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1526 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282 [article] Abnormal Brain Dynamics Underlie Speech Production in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth W. PANG, Auteur ; Tatiana VALICA, Auteur ; Matt J. MACDONALD, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur . - p.249-261. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-2 (February 2016) . - p.249-261 Mots-clés : magnetoencephalography  oromotor control  phoneme production  phonemic sequencing  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A large proportion of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have speech and/or language difficulties. While a number of structural and functional neuroimaging methods have been used to explore the brain differences in ASD with regards to speech and language comprehension and production, the neurobiology of basic speech function in ASD has not been examined. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a neuroimaging modality with high spatial and temporal resolution that can be applied to the examination of brain dynamics underlying speech as it can capture the fast responses fundamental to this function. We acquired MEG from 21 children with high-functioning autism (mean age: 11.43 years) and 21 age- and sex-matched controls as they performed a simple oromotor task, a phoneme production task and a phonemic sequencing task. Results showed significant differences in activation magnitude and peak latencies in primary motor cortex (Brodmann Area 4), motor planning areas (BA 6), temporal sequencing and sensorimotor integration areas (BA 22/13) and executive control areas (BA 9). Our findings of significant functional brain differences between these two groups on these simple oromotor and phonemic tasks suggest that these deficits may be foundational and could underlie the language deficits seen in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1526 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282

Cerebellar gamma-aminobutyric acid: Investigation of group effects in neurodevelopmental disorders / Elizabeth W. PANG in Autism Research, 16-3 (March 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-3 (March 2023) . - p.535-542 Titre : Cerebellar gamma-aminobutyric acid: Investigation of group effects in neurodevelopmental disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth W. PANG, Auteur ; Chris HAMMILL, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Jamie NEAR, Auteur ; Russell SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur ; Paul D. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.535-542 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are thought to arise in part from the disruption in the excitatory/inhibitory balance of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate in the brain. Recent evidence has shown the involvement of the cerebellum in cognition and affect regulation, and cerebellar atypical function or damage is reported frequently in NDDs. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have reported decreases in GABA in cortical brain areas in the NDDs, however, GABA levels in the cerebellum have not been examined. To determine possible group effects, we used a MEGA-PRESS acquisition to investigate GABA+ levels in a cerebellar voxel in 343 individuals (aged 2.5-22?years) with ASD, ADHD, OCD and controls. Using a mixed effects model, we found no significant differences between groups in GABA+ concentration. Our findings suggest that cerebellar GABA+ levels do not differentiate NDD groups. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2888 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=498 [article] Cerebellar gamma-aminobutyric acid: Investigation of group effects in neurodevelopmental disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth W. PANG, Auteur ; Chris HAMMILL, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Jamie NEAR, Auteur ; Russell SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur ; Paul D. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur . - p.535-542. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-3 (March 2023) . - p.535-542 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are thought to arise in part from the disruption in the excitatory/inhibitory balance of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate in the brain. Recent evidence has shown the involvement of the cerebellum in cognition and affect regulation, and cerebellar atypical function or damage is reported frequently in NDDs. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have reported decreases in GABA in cortical brain areas in the NDDs, however, GABA levels in the cerebellum have not been examined. To determine possible group effects, we used a MEGA-PRESS acquisition to investigate GABA+ levels in a cerebellar voxel in 343 individuals (aged 2.5-22?years) with ASD, ADHD, OCD and controls. Using a mixed effects model, we found no significant differences between groups in GABA+ concentration. Our findings suggest that cerebellar GABA+ levels do not differentiate NDD groups. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2888 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=498

Gender diversity is correlated with dimensional neurodivergent traits but not categorical neurodevelopmental diagnoses in children / Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU ; Jason P. LERCH ; Margot J. TAYLOR ; Doug P. VANDERLAAN ; Peter SZATMARI ; Jennifer CROSBIE ; Robert NICOLSON ; Stelios GEORGIADIS ; Elizabeth KELLEY ; Muhammad AYUB ; Jessica BRIAN ; Meng-Chuan LAI ; Mark R. PALMERT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-9 (September 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-9 (September 2024) . - p.1223-1236 Titre : Gender diversity is correlated with dimensional neurodivergent traits but not categorical neurodevelopmental diagnoses in children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Doug P. VANDERLAAN, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADIS, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Mark R. PALMERT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1223-1236 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Gender clinic and single-item questionnaire-based data report increased co-occurrence of gender diversity and neurodevelopmental conditions. The nuances of these associations are under-studied. We used a transdiagnostic approach, combining categorical and dimensional characterization of neurodiversity, to further the understanding of its associations with gender diversity in identity and expression in children. Methods Data from 291 children (Autism N = 104, ADHD N = 104, Autism?+?ADHD N = 17, neurotypical N = 66) aged 4-12?years enrolled in the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Network were analyzed. Gender diversity was measured multi-dimensionally using a well-validated parent-report instrument, the Gender Identity Questionnaire for Children (GIQC). We used gamma regression models to determine the significant correlates of gender diversity among age, puberty, sex-assigned-at-birth, categorical neurodevelopmental diagnoses, and dimensional neurodivergent traits (using the Social Communication Questionnaire and the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior Rating Scales). Internalizing and externalizing problems were included as covariates. Results Neither a categorical diagnosis of autism nor ADHD significantly correlated with current GIQC-derived scores. Instead, higher early-childhood dimensional autistic social-communication traits correlated with higher current overall gender incongruence (as defined by GIQC-14 score). This correlation was potentially moderated by sex-assigned-at-birth: greater early-childhood autistic social-communication traits were associated with higher current overall gender incongruence in assigned-males-at-birth, but not assigned-females-at-birth. For fine-grained gender diversity domains, greater autistic restricted-repetitive behavior traits were associated with greater diversity in gender identity across sexes-assigned-at-birth; greater autistic social-communication traits were associated with lower stereotypical male expression across sexes-assigned-at-birth. Conclusions Dimensional autistic traits, rather than ADHD traits or categorical neurodevelopmental diagnoses, were associated with gender diversity domains across neurodivergent and neurotypical children. The association between early-childhood autistic social-communication traits and overall current gender diversity was most evident in assigned-males-at-birth. Nuanced interrelationships between neurodivergence and gender diversity should be better understood to clarify developmental links and to offer tailored support for neurodivergent and gender-diverse populations. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13965 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=534 [article] Gender diversity is correlated with dimensional neurodivergent traits but not categorical neurodevelopmental diagnoses in children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Doug P. VANDERLAAN, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADIS, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Mark R. PALMERT, Auteur . - p.1223-1236. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-9 (September 2024) . - p.1223-1236 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Gender clinic and single-item questionnaire-based data report increased co-occurrence of gender diversity and neurodevelopmental conditions. The nuances of these associations are under-studied. We used a transdiagnostic approach, combining categorical and dimensional characterization of neurodiversity, to further the understanding of its associations with gender diversity in identity and expression in children. Methods Data from 291 children (Autism N = 104, ADHD N = 104, Autism?+?ADHD N = 17, neurotypical N = 66) aged 4-12?years enrolled in the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Network were analyzed. Gender diversity was measured multi-dimensionally using a well-validated parent-report instrument, the Gender Identity Questionnaire for Children (GIQC). We used gamma regression models to determine the significant correlates of gender diversity among age, puberty, sex-assigned-at-birth, categorical neurodevelopmental diagnoses, and dimensional neurodivergent traits (using the Social Communication Questionnaire and the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior Rating Scales). Internalizing and externalizing problems were included as covariates. Results Neither a categorical diagnosis of autism nor ADHD significantly correlated with current GIQC-derived scores. Instead, higher early-childhood dimensional autistic social-communication traits correlated with higher current overall gender incongruence (as defined by GIQC-14 score). This correlation was potentially moderated by sex-assigned-at-birth: greater early-childhood autistic social-communication traits were associated with higher current overall gender incongruence in assigned-males-at-birth, but not assigned-females-at-birth. For fine-grained gender diversity domains, greater autistic restricted-repetitive behavior traits were associated with greater diversity in gender identity across sexes-assigned-at-birth; greater autistic social-communication traits were associated with lower stereotypical male expression across sexes-assigned-at-birth. Conclusions Dimensional autistic traits, rather than ADHD traits or categorical neurodevelopmental diagnoses, were associated with gender diversity domains across neurodivergent and neurotypical children. The association between early-childhood autistic social-communication traits and overall current gender diversity was most evident in assigned-males-at-birth. Nuanced interrelationships between neurodivergence and gender diversity should be better understood to clarify developmental links and to offer tailored support for neurodivergent and gender-diverse populations. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13965 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=534

Genetic mouse models of autism spectrum disorder present subtle heterogenous cardiac abnormalities / Stephania ASSIMOPOULOS in Autism Research, 15-7 (July 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-7 (July 2022) . - p.1189-1208 Titre : Genetic mouse models of autism spectrum disorder present subtle heterogenous cardiac abnormalities Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephania ASSIMOPOULOS, Auteur ; Christopher HAMMILL, Auteur ; Darren J. FERNANDES, Auteur ; Tara LEIGH SPENCER NOAKES, Auteur ; Yu-Qing ZHOU, Auteur ; Lauryl M J. NUTTER, Auteur ; Jacob ELLEGOOD, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; John G. SLED, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1189-1208 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  cardiac phenotype/cardiology  comorbidities  genetic mouse models  phenotyping  ultrasound biomicroscopy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) are linked on a functional and genetic level. Most work has investigated CHD-related neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Cardiac abnormalities in ASD have been less studied. We investigated the prevalence of cardiac comorbidities relative to ASD genetic contributors. Using high frequency ultrasound imaging, we screened 9 ASD-related genetic mouse models (Arid1b((+/-)) , Chd8((+/-)) , 16p11.2 (deletion), Sgsh((+/-)) , Sgsh((-/-)) , Shank3 ?exon 4-9((+/-)) , Shank3 ?exon 4-9((-/-)) , Fmr1((-/-)) , Vps13b((+/-)) ), and pooled wild-type littermates (WTs). We measured heart rate (HR), aorta diameter (AoD), thickness and thickening of the left-ventricular (LV) anterior and posterior walls, LV chamber diameter, fractional shortening, stroke volume and cardiac output, mitral inflow Peak E and A velocity ratio, ascending aorta velocity time integral (VTI). Mutant groups presented small-scale alterations in cardiac structure and function compared to WTs (LV anterior wall thickness and thickening, chamber diameter and fractional shortening, HR). A greater number of significant differences was observed among mutant groups than between mutant groups and WTs. Mutant groups differed primarily in structural measures (LV chamber diameter and anterior wall thickness, HR, AoD). The mutant groups with most differences to WTs were 16p11.2 (deletion), Fmr1((-/-)) , Arid1b((+/-)) . The mutant groups with most differences from other mutant groups were 16p11.2 (deletion), Sgsh((+/-)) , Fmr1((-/-)) . Our results recapitulate the associated clinical findings. The characteristic ASD heterogeneity was recapitulated in the cardiac phenotype. The type of abnormal measures (morphological, functional) can highlight common underlying mechanisms. Clinically, knowledge of cardiac abnormalities in ASD can be essential as even non-lethal abnormalities impact normal development. LAY SUMMARY: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) are linked functionally and genetically. ASD cardiac phenotyping is limited. We assessed the cardiac phenotype of 9 ASD-related mouse models. We found subtle heterogenous cardiac abnormalities compared to controls, with more differences within ASD than between ASD and controls, mirroring clinical findings. Clinically, knowing the cardiac abnormalities in ASD is vital as even non-lethal cardiac abnormalities can impact development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2728 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Genetic mouse models of autism spectrum disorder present subtle heterogenous cardiac abnormalities [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephania ASSIMOPOULOS, Auteur ; Christopher HAMMILL, Auteur ; Darren J. FERNANDES, Auteur ; Tara LEIGH SPENCER NOAKES, Auteur ; Yu-Qing ZHOU, Auteur ; Lauryl M J. NUTTER, Auteur ; Jacob ELLEGOOD, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; John G. SLED, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur . - p.1189-1208. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-7 (July 2022) . - p.1189-1208 Mots-clés : autism  cardiac phenotype/cardiology  comorbidities  genetic mouse models  phenotyping  ultrasound biomicroscopy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) are linked on a functional and genetic level. Most work has investigated CHD-related neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Cardiac abnormalities in ASD have been less studied. We investigated the prevalence of cardiac comorbidities relative to ASD genetic contributors. Using high frequency ultrasound imaging, we screened 9 ASD-related genetic mouse models (Arid1b((+/-)) , Chd8((+/-)) , 16p11.2 (deletion), Sgsh((+/-)) , Sgsh((-/-)) , Shank3 ?exon 4-9((+/-)) , Shank3 ?exon 4-9((-/-)) , Fmr1((-/-)) , Vps13b((+/-)) ), and pooled wild-type littermates (WTs). We measured heart rate (HR), aorta diameter (AoD), thickness and thickening of the left-ventricular (LV) anterior and posterior walls, LV chamber diameter, fractional shortening, stroke volume and cardiac output, mitral inflow Peak E and A velocity ratio, ascending aorta velocity time integral (VTI). Mutant groups presented small-scale alterations in cardiac structure and function compared to WTs (LV anterior wall thickness and thickening, chamber diameter and fractional shortening, HR). A greater number of significant differences was observed among mutant groups than between mutant groups and WTs. Mutant groups differed primarily in structural measures (LV chamber diameter and anterior wall thickness, HR, AoD). The mutant groups with most differences to WTs were 16p11.2 (deletion), Fmr1((-/-)) , Arid1b((+/-)) . The mutant groups with most differences from other mutant groups were 16p11.2 (deletion), Sgsh((+/-)) , Fmr1((-/-)) . Our results recapitulate the associated clinical findings. The characteristic ASD heterogeneity was recapitulated in the cardiac phenotype. The type of abnormal measures (morphological, functional) can highlight common underlying mechanisms. Clinically, knowledge of cardiac abnormalities in ASD can be essential as even non-lethal abnormalities impact normal development. LAY SUMMARY: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) are linked functionally and genetically. ASD cardiac phenotyping is limited. We assessed the cardiac phenotype of 9 ASD-related mouse models. We found subtle heterogenous cardiac abnormalities compared to controls, with more differences within ASD than between ASD and controls, mirroring clinical findings. Clinically, knowing the cardiac abnormalities in ASD is vital as even non-lethal cardiac abnormalities can impact development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2728 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Tool for the Study of Mouse Models of Autism / Jacob ELLEGOOD in Autism - Open Access, 2-S ([01/12/2012])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism - Open Access > 2-S [01/12/2012] . - 8 p. Titre : Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Tool for the Study of Mouse Models of Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jacob ELLEGOOD, Auteur ; R. Mark HENKELMAN, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : 8 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is a heterogeneous disorder, in both its behaviour and genetics. This heterogeneity has led to inconsistencies in the neuroanatomical findings in human autistic patients. The benefit of a model system, such as the mouse, is that there could be a decrease in the heterogeneity of the genetics and standardization of the environment could be done, in order to determine a specific anatomical phenotype, which is representative of a specific genotype. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been used quite extensively to examine morphological changes in the mouse brain; however, examining volume and tissue microstructure changes in mouse models of autism with MRI, is just in its infancy. This review will discuss the current research on anatomical phenotyping in mouse models of autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.S1-008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409 [article] Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Tool for the Study of Mouse Models of Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jacob ELLEGOOD, Auteur ; R. Mark HENKELMAN, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur . - 8 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism - Open Access > 2-S [01/12/2012] . - 8 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is a heterogeneous disorder, in both its behaviour and genetics. This heterogeneity has led to inconsistencies in the neuroanatomical findings in human autistic patients. The benefit of a model system, such as the mouse, is that there could be a decrease in the heterogeneity of the genetics and standardization of the environment could be done, in order to determine a specific anatomical phenotype, which is representative of a specific genotype. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been used quite extensively to examine morphological changes in the mouse brain; however, examining volume and tissue microstructure changes in mouse models of autism with MRI, is just in its infancy. This review will discuss the current research on anatomical phenotyping in mouse models of autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.S1-008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409

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