Pilot Study of an Attention and Executive Function Cognitive Intervention in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Sarah MACOUN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.2600-2610 Titre : Pilot Study of an Attention and Executive Function Cognitive Intervention in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sarah MACOUN, Auteur ; Isabel SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Buse BEDIR, Auteur ; John SHEEHAN, Auteur ; Andrew SUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2600-2610 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy  Child  Cognition  Communication  Emotional Regulation  Executive Function  Female  Humans  Male  Parents  Pilot Projects  Schools  Social Skills  Attention training  Autism  Cognitive intervention  Executive function training  Metacognitive strategy teaching  Process specific intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This pilot study investigated the efficacy of a game-based cognitive training program (Caribbean Quest; CQ) for improving attention and executive function (EF) in school-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). CQ is a 'serious game' that uses a hybrid process-specific/compensatory approach to remediate attention and EF abilities through repetitive, hierarchically graded exercises delivered in an adaptive format. Game-play is accompanied by instruction in metacognitive strategies delivered by an adult trainer. Twenty children diagnosed with ASD (ages 6-12 years) completed 12 h of intervention in schools over 8-10 weeks that was facilitated by a trained Research Assistant. Pre-post testing indicated near transfer gains for visual working memory and selective attention and far transfer effects for math fluency. Exit interviews with parents and school staff indicated anecdotal gains in attention, EF, emotion-regulation, flexibility, communication, and social skills. Overall, this study provides preliminary support for the feasibility and potential efficacy of the CQ when delivered in schools to children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04723-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Pilot Study of an Attention and Executive Function Cognitive Intervention in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders [texte imprimé] / Sarah MACOUN, Auteur ; Isabel SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Buse BEDIR, Auteur ; John SHEEHAN, Auteur ; Andrew SUNG, Auteur . - p.2600-2610. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.2600-2610 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy  Child  Cognition  Communication  Emotional Regulation  Executive Function  Female  Humans  Male  Parents  Pilot Projects  Schools  Social Skills  Attention training  Autism  Cognitive intervention  Executive function training  Metacognitive strategy teaching  Process specific intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This pilot study investigated the efficacy of a game-based cognitive training program (Caribbean Quest; CQ) for improving attention and executive function (EF) in school-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). CQ is a 'serious game' that uses a hybrid process-specific/compensatory approach to remediate attention and EF abilities through repetitive, hierarchically graded exercises delivered in an adaptive format. Game-play is accompanied by instruction in metacognitive strategies delivered by an adult trainer. Twenty children diagnosed with ASD (ages 6-12 years) completed 12 h of intervention in schools over 8-10 weeks that was facilitated by a trained Research Assistant. Pre-post testing indicated near transfer gains for visual working memory and selective attention and far transfer effects for math fluency. Exit interviews with parents and school staff indicated anecdotal gains in attention, EF, emotion-regulation, flexibility, communication, and social skills. Overall, this study provides preliminary support for the feasibility and potential efficacy of the CQ when delivered in schools to children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04723-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

The “Eye Avoidance” Hypothesis of Autism Face Processing / James W. TANAKA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-5 (May 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-5 (May 2016) . - p.1538-1552 Titre : The “Eye Avoidance” Hypothesis of Autism Face Processing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : James W. TANAKA, Auteur ; Andrew SUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1538-1552 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Face recognition  Eye gaze  Face perception  Expression perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although a growing body of research indicates that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit selective deficits in their ability to recognize facial identities and expressions, the source of their face impairment is, as yet, undetermined. In this paper, we consider three possible accounts of the autism face deficit: (1) the holistic hypothesis, (2) the local perceptual bias hypothesis and (3) the eye avoidance hypothesis. A review of the literature indicates that contrary to the holistic hypothesis, there is little evidence to suggest that individuals with autism do perceive faces holistically. The local perceptual bias account also fails to explain the selective advantage that ASD individuals demonstrate for objects and their selective disadvantage for faces. The eye avoidance hypothesis provides a plausible explanation of face recognition deficits where individuals with ASD avoid the eye region because it is perceived as socially threatening. Direct eye contact elicits a increased physiological response as indicated by heightened skin conductance and amygdala activity. For individuals with autism, avoiding the eyes is an adaptive strategy, however, this approach interferes with the ability to process facial cues of identity, expressions and intentions, exacerbating the social challenges for persons with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1976-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288 [article] The “Eye Avoidance” Hypothesis of Autism Face Processing [texte imprimé] / James W. TANAKA, Auteur ; Andrew SUNG, Auteur . - p.1538-1552. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-5 (May 2016) . - p.1538-1552 Mots-clés : Face recognition  Eye gaze  Face perception  Expression perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although a growing body of research indicates that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit selective deficits in their ability to recognize facial identities and expressions, the source of their face impairment is, as yet, undetermined. In this paper, we consider three possible accounts of the autism face deficit: (1) the holistic hypothesis, (2) the local perceptual bias hypothesis and (3) the eye avoidance hypothesis. A review of the literature indicates that contrary to the holistic hypothesis, there is little evidence to suggest that individuals with autism do perceive faces holistically. The local perceptual bias account also fails to explain the selective advantage that ASD individuals demonstrate for objects and their selective disadvantage for faces. The eye avoidance hypothesis provides a plausible explanation of face recognition deficits where individuals with ASD avoid the eye region because it is perceived as socially threatening. Direct eye contact elicits a increased physiological response as indicated by heightened skin conductance and amygdala activity. For individuals with autism, avoiding the eyes is an adaptive strategy, however, this approach interferes with the ability to process facial cues of identity, expressions and intentions, exacerbating the social challenges for persons with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1976-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288

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