Impaired Social Processing in Autism and its Reflections in Memory: A Deeper View of Encoding and Retrieval Processes / Rachel S. BREZIS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-5 (May 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-5 (May 2014) . - p.1183-1192 Titre : Impaired Social Processing in Autism and its Reflections in Memory: A Deeper View of Encoding and Retrieval Processes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rachel S. BREZIS, Auteur ; Tal GALILI, Auteur ; Tiffany WONG, Auteur ; Judith I. PIGGOT, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p.1183-1192 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social memory  Autism  Encoding  Retrieval  Levels of processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies of memory in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have consistently shown that persons with ASC have reduced memories for social information, relative to a spared memory for non-social facts. The current study aims to reproduce these findings, while examining the possible causes leading to this difference. Participants’ memory for trait-words was tested after they had viewed the words in three study contexts: visuo-motor, letter-detection, and social judgment. While participants with ASC showed a levels-of-processing effect, such that their memory for words viewed in the social judgment context was greater than their memory for words viewed in the letter-detection context, their memory for socially-processed words was reduced relative to comparison participants. This interaction effect could not be explained by a speed/accuracy trade-off, nor could it be explained solely by differences in encoding. These results suggest that social memory deficits in ASC arise from difficulties both in orienting towards and encoding social content, as well as retaining and retrieving it. Implications for theory and clinical practice are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1980-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232 [article] Impaired Social Processing in Autism and its Reflections in Memory: A Deeper View of Encoding and Retrieval Processes [texte imprimé] / Rachel S. BREZIS, Auteur ; Tal GALILI, Auteur ; Tiffany WONG, Auteur ; Judith I. PIGGOT, Auteur . - 2014 . - p.1183-1192. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-5 (May 2014) . - p.1183-1192 Mots-clés : Social memory  Autism  Encoding  Retrieval  Levels of processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies of memory in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have consistently shown that persons with ASC have reduced memories for social information, relative to a spared memory for non-social facts. The current study aims to reproduce these findings, while examining the possible causes leading to this difference. Participants’ memory for trait-words was tested after they had viewed the words in three study contexts: visuo-motor, letter-detection, and social judgment. While participants with ASC showed a levels-of-processing effect, such that their memory for words viewed in the social judgment context was greater than their memory for words viewed in the letter-detection context, their memory for socially-processed words was reduced relative to comparison participants. This interaction effect could not be explained by a speed/accuracy trade-off, nor could it be explained solely by differences in encoding. These results suggest that social memory deficits in ASC arise from difficulties both in orienting towards and encoding social content, as well as retaining and retrieving it. Implications for theory and clinical practice are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1980-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232

A preliminary study of orbitofrontal activation and hypersociability in Williams Syndrome / Masaru MIMURA in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 2-2 (June 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 2-2 (June 2010) . - p.93-98 Titre : A preliminary study of orbitofrontal activation and hypersociability in Williams Syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Masaru MIMURA, Auteur ; Fumiko HOEFT, Auteur ; Motoichiro KATO, Auteur ; Nobuhisa KOBAYASHI, Auteur ; Kristen SHEAU, Auteur ; Judith PIGGOT, Auteur ; Debra L. MILLS, Auteur ; Albert GALABURDA, Auteur ; Julie R. KORENBERG, Auteur ; Ursula BELLUGI, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.93-98 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) demonstrate an abnormally positive social bias. However, the neural substrates of this hypersociability, i.e., positive attribution bias and increased drive toward social interaction, have not fully been elucidated. METHODS: We performed an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study while individuals with WS and typically developing controls (TD) matched positive and negative emotional faces. WS compared to TD showed reduced right amygdala activation during presentation of negative faces, as in the previous literature. In addition, WS showed a unique pattern of right orbitofrontal cortex activation. While TD showed medial orbitofrontal cortex activation in response to positive, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex activation to negative, WS showed the opposite pattern. In light of the general notion of a medial/lateral gradient of reward/punishment processing in the orbitofrontal cortex, these findings provide an additional biological explanation for, or correlate of positive attribution bias and hypersociability in WS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9041-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=342 [article] A preliminary study of orbitofrontal activation and hypersociability in Williams Syndrome [texte imprimé] / Masaru MIMURA, Auteur ; Fumiko HOEFT, Auteur ; Motoichiro KATO, Auteur ; Nobuhisa KOBAYASHI, Auteur ; Kristen SHEAU, Auteur ; Judith PIGGOT, Auteur ; Debra L. MILLS, Auteur ; Albert GALABURDA, Auteur ; Julie R. KORENBERG, Auteur ; Ursula BELLUGI, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur . - p.93-98. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 2-2 (June 2010) . - p.93-98 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) demonstrate an abnormally positive social bias. However, the neural substrates of this hypersociability, i.e., positive attribution bias and increased drive toward social interaction, have not fully been elucidated. METHODS: We performed an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study while individuals with WS and typically developing controls (TD) matched positive and negative emotional faces. WS compared to TD showed reduced right amygdala activation during presentation of negative faces, as in the previous literature. In addition, WS showed a unique pattern of right orbitofrontal cortex activation. While TD showed medial orbitofrontal cortex activation in response to positive, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex activation to negative, WS showed the opposite pattern. In light of the general notion of a medial/lateral gradient of reward/punishment processing in the orbitofrontal cortex, these findings provide an additional biological explanation for, or correlate of positive attribution bias and hypersociability in WS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9041-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=342

---

1 (1 - 2 / 2) Par page : 25 50 100 200