Alterations in hub organization in the white matter structural network in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder: A 2-year follow-up study / L. QIAN in Autism Research, 11-9 (September 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-9 (September 2018) . - p.1218-1228 Titre : Alterations in hub organization in the white matter structural network in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder: A 2-year follow-up study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. QIAN, Auteur ; Y. WANG, Auteur ; K. CHU, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; C. XIAO, Auteur ; T. XIAO, Auteur ; X. XIAO, Auteur ; T. QIU, Auteur ; Y. XIAO, Auteur ; H. FANG, Auteur ; X. KE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1218-1228 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  brain network  developmental trajectory  hubs  neuromechanism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is currently known about the longitudinal developmental patterns of hubs in the whole-brain white matter (WM) structural networks among toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and deterministic tractography to map the WM structural networks in 37 ASD toddlers and 27 age-, gender- and developmental quotient-matched controls with developmental delay (DD) toddlers aged 2-3 years old at baseline (Time 1) and at 2-year follow-up (Time 2). Furthermore, graph-theoretical methods were applied to investigate alterations in the network hubs in these patients at the two time points. The results showed that after 2 years, 17 hubs were identified in the ASD subjects compared to the controls, including 13 hubs that had not changed from baseline and 4 hubs that were newly identified. In addition, alterations in the properties of the hubs of the right middle frontal gyrus, right insula, left median cingulate gyri, and bilateral precuneus were significantly correlated with alterations in the behavioral data for ASD patients. These results indicated that at the stage of 2-5 years of age, ASD children showed distributions of network hubs that were relatively stable, with minor differences. Abnormal developmental patterns in the five areas mentioned above in ASD may contribute to abnormalities in the social and nonsocial characteristics of this disorder. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1218-1228. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This work studied the longitudinal developmental patterns of hubs in the whole-brain white matter (WM) structural network among toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The findings of this study could have implications for understanding how the abnormalities in hub organization in ASD account for behavioral deficits in patients and may provide potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and the subsequent monitoring of progression and treatment effects for patients with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1983 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Alterations in hub organization in the white matter structural network in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder: A 2-year follow-up study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. QIAN, Auteur ; Y. WANG, Auteur ; K. CHU, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; C. XIAO, Auteur ; T. XIAO, Auteur ; X. XIAO, Auteur ; T. QIU, Auteur ; Y. XIAO, Auteur ; H. FANG, Auteur ; X. KE, Auteur . - p.1218-1228. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-9 (September 2018) . - p.1218-1228 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  brain network  developmental trajectory  hubs  neuromechanism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is currently known about the longitudinal developmental patterns of hubs in the whole-brain white matter (WM) structural networks among toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and deterministic tractography to map the WM structural networks in 37 ASD toddlers and 27 age-, gender- and developmental quotient-matched controls with developmental delay (DD) toddlers aged 2-3 years old at baseline (Time 1) and at 2-year follow-up (Time 2). Furthermore, graph-theoretical methods were applied to investigate alterations in the network hubs in these patients at the two time points. The results showed that after 2 years, 17 hubs were identified in the ASD subjects compared to the controls, including 13 hubs that had not changed from baseline and 4 hubs that were newly identified. In addition, alterations in the properties of the hubs of the right middle frontal gyrus, right insula, left median cingulate gyri, and bilateral precuneus were significantly correlated with alterations in the behavioral data for ASD patients. These results indicated that at the stage of 2-5 years of age, ASD children showed distributions of network hubs that were relatively stable, with minor differences. Abnormal developmental patterns in the five areas mentioned above in ASD may contribute to abnormalities in the social and nonsocial characteristics of this disorder. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1218-1228. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This work studied the longitudinal developmental patterns of hubs in the whole-brain white matter (WM) structural network among toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The findings of this study could have implications for understanding how the abnormalities in hub organization in ASD account for behavioral deficits in patients and may provide potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and the subsequent monitoring of progression and treatment effects for patients with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1983 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

Childhood high-frequency EEG activity during sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence / J. FERNANDEZ-MENDOZA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-7 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-7 (July 2019) . - p.742-751 Titre : Childhood high-frequency EEG activity during sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. FERNANDEZ-MENDOZA, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; J. FANG, Auteur ; Susan L. CALHOUN, Auteur ; A. N. VGONTZAS, Auteur ; D. LIAO, Auteur ; E. O. BIXLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.742-751 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence  beta  childhood  electroencephalogram  hyperarousal  incidence  insomnia symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Insomnia has been associated in cross-sectional studies with increased beta (15-35 Hz) electroencephalogram (EEG) power during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, an index of cortical hyperarousal. However, it is unknown whether this cortical hyperarousal is present before individuals with insomnia develop the disorder. To fill this gap, we examined the association of childhood sleep high-frequency EEG activity with incident insomnia symptoms (i.e., absence of insomnia symptoms in childhood but presence in adolescence). METHODS: We studied a case-control subsample of 45 children (6-11 years) from the Penn State Child Cohort, a population-based random sample of 421 children, who were followed up after 8 years as adolescents (13-20 years). We examined low-beta (15-25 Hz) and high-beta (25-35 Hz) relative power at central EEG derivations during NREM sleep and, in secondary analyses, during sleep onset latency, sleep onset, and REM sleep. Incident insomnia symptoms were defined as the absence of parent-reported difficulty falling and/or staying asleep during childhood and a self-report of these insomnia symptoms during adolescence. RESULTS: Childhood high-beta power during NREM sleep was significantly increased in children who developed insomnia symptoms in adolescence (n = 25) as compared to normal sleeping controls (n = 20; p = .03). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models showed that increased childhood high-beta EEG power during NREM sleep was associated with a threefold increased odds (95% CI = 1.12-7.98) of incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. No other significant relationships were observed for other sleep/wake states or EEG frequency bands. CONCLUSIONS: Increased childhood high-frequency EEG power during NREM sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. This study indicates that cortical hyperarousal during sleep may be a premorbid neurophysiological sign of insomnia, which may mediate the increased risk of psychiatric disorders associated with insomnia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12945 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401 [article] Childhood high-frequency EEG activity during sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. FERNANDEZ-MENDOZA, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; J. FANG, Auteur ; Susan L. CALHOUN, Auteur ; A. N. VGONTZAS, Auteur ; D. LIAO, Auteur ; E. O. BIXLER, Auteur . - p.742-751. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-7 (July 2019) . - p.742-751 Mots-clés : adolescence  beta  childhood  electroencephalogram  hyperarousal  incidence  insomnia symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Insomnia has been associated in cross-sectional studies with increased beta (15-35 Hz) electroencephalogram (EEG) power during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, an index of cortical hyperarousal. However, it is unknown whether this cortical hyperarousal is present before individuals with insomnia develop the disorder. To fill this gap, we examined the association of childhood sleep high-frequency EEG activity with incident insomnia symptoms (i.e., absence of insomnia symptoms in childhood but presence in adolescence). METHODS: We studied a case-control subsample of 45 children (6-11 years) from the Penn State Child Cohort, a population-based random sample of 421 children, who were followed up after 8 years as adolescents (13-20 years). We examined low-beta (15-25 Hz) and high-beta (25-35 Hz) relative power at central EEG derivations during NREM sleep and, in secondary analyses, during sleep onset latency, sleep onset, and REM sleep. Incident insomnia symptoms were defined as the absence of parent-reported difficulty falling and/or staying asleep during childhood and a self-report of these insomnia symptoms during adolescence. RESULTS: Childhood high-beta power during NREM sleep was significantly increased in children who developed insomnia symptoms in adolescence (n = 25) as compared to normal sleeping controls (n = 20; p = .03). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models showed that increased childhood high-beta EEG power during NREM sleep was associated with a threefold increased odds (95% CI = 1.12-7.98) of incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. No other significant relationships were observed for other sleep/wake states or EEG frequency bands. CONCLUSIONS: Increased childhood high-frequency EEG power during NREM sleep is associated with incident insomnia symptoms in adolescence. This study indicates that cortical hyperarousal during sleep may be a premorbid neurophysiological sign of insomnia, which may mediate the increased risk of psychiatric disorders associated with insomnia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12945 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401

Executive function predicts the visuospatial working memory in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Z. WANG in Autism Research, 11-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-8 (August 2018) . - p.1148-1156 Titre : Executive function predicts the visuospatial working memory in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Z. WANG, Auteur ; J. JING, Auteur ; K. IGARASHI, Auteur ; L. FAN, Auteur ; S. YANG, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; Y. JIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1148-1156 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  executive function  visuospatial working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) always show working memory deficits. However, research findings on the factors that affected the working memory in ASD and ADHD were inconsistent. Thus, we developed the present study to investigate the association of executive function (EF) with the visuospatial working memory (VSWM) in ASD and ADHD. Three groups of participants were examined: 21 children with ASD, 28 children with ADHD and 28 typically developing (TD) children as the controls. All participants completed two tests: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Corsi Block Tapping Test for measuring EF and VSWM, respectively. The WCST included four domains: categories achieved (CA), perseverative errors (PE), failures to maintain set (FMS), and total errors (TE). The findings indicated that (1) the ASD group showed poorer performance in VSWM than the ADHD and TD groups; (2) for the ASD group, VSWM was positively correlated with CA, and was negatively correlated with PE and TE; (3) for the ADHD group, FMS showed a negative relationship with VSWM; and (4) TE predicted the performance of VSWM in ASD group, while FMS predicted VSWM in ADHD group. The study results suggested that VSWM was impaired in ASD but not in ADHD. Also, the EF domains were differently correlated with the VSWM performance in ASD and ADHD. Our study suggests that we should consider different intervention targets of working memory and EF contributions in improving the cognitive capacity of ASD and ADHD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1148-1156. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The present study compared the visuospatial working memory (VSWM) in three groups of children: autism (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and typically developed children (TD). The ASD group showed poorer VSWM than the ADHD and TD groups. The total error of executive function predicted the performance of VSWM in ASD, while failures to maintain set predicted VSWM in ADHD . These findings suggested that we should consider the different working memory and executive function training targets to increase cognitive capacity of ASD and ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1967 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Executive function predicts the visuospatial working memory in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Z. WANG, Auteur ; J. JING, Auteur ; K. IGARASHI, Auteur ; L. FAN, Auteur ; S. YANG, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; Y. JIN, Auteur . - p.1148-1156. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-8 (August 2018) . - p.1148-1156 Mots-clés : attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  executive function  visuospatial working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) always show working memory deficits. However, research findings on the factors that affected the working memory in ASD and ADHD were inconsistent. Thus, we developed the present study to investigate the association of executive function (EF) with the visuospatial working memory (VSWM) in ASD and ADHD. Three groups of participants were examined: 21 children with ASD, 28 children with ADHD and 28 typically developing (TD) children as the controls. All participants completed two tests: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Corsi Block Tapping Test for measuring EF and VSWM, respectively. The WCST included four domains: categories achieved (CA), perseverative errors (PE), failures to maintain set (FMS), and total errors (TE). The findings indicated that (1) the ASD group showed poorer performance in VSWM than the ADHD and TD groups; (2) for the ASD group, VSWM was positively correlated with CA, and was negatively correlated with PE and TE; (3) for the ADHD group, FMS showed a negative relationship with VSWM; and (4) TE predicted the performance of VSWM in ASD group, while FMS predicted VSWM in ADHD group. The study results suggested that VSWM was impaired in ASD but not in ADHD. Also, the EF domains were differently correlated with the VSWM performance in ASD and ADHD. Our study suggests that we should consider different intervention targets of working memory and EF contributions in improving the cognitive capacity of ASD and ADHD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1148-1156. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The present study compared the visuospatial working memory (VSWM) in three groups of children: autism (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and typically developed children (TD). The ASD group showed poorer VSWM than the ADHD and TD groups. The total error of executive function predicted the performance of VSWM in ASD, while failures to maintain set predicted VSWM in ADHD . These findings suggested that we should consider the different working memory and executive function training targets to increase cognitive capacity of ASD and ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1967 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

Prevalence of mental disorders in school children and adolescents in China: diagnostic data from detailed clinical assessments of 17,524 individuals / F. LI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-1 (January 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-1 (January 2022) . - p.34-46 Titre : Prevalence of mental disorders in school children and adolescents in China: diagnostic data from detailed clinical assessments of 17,524 individuals Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : F. LI, Auteur ; Y. CUI, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; L. GUO, Auteur ; X. KE, Auteur ; J. LIU, Auteur ; X. LUO, Auteur ; Y. ZHENG, Auteur ; J. F. LECKMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.34-46 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders  Child  China/epidemiology  Comorbidity  Depressive Disorder, Major  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders  Female  Humans  Male  Mental Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology  Prevalence  China  adolescents  children  mental disorder  prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: To date, no national-scale psychiatric epidemiological survey for children and adolescents has been conducted in China. In order to inform government officials and policymakers and to develop a comprehensive plan for service providers, there was a clear need to conduct an up-to-date systematic nationwide psychiatric epidemiological survey. METHODS: We conducted a two-stage large-scale psychiatric point prevalence survey. Multistage cluster stratified random sampling was used as the sampling strategy. Five provinces were selected by comprehensively considering geographical partition, economic development, and rural/urban factors. In Stage 1, the Child Behavior Checklist was used as the screening tool. In Stage 2, Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents and a diagnostic process based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual were used to make the diagnoses. Sampling weights and poststratification weights were employed to match the population distributions. Exploratory analyses were also performed using socio-demographic factors. Prevalence in socio-demographic factor subgroups and overall were estimated. Rao-Scott adjusted chi-square tests were utilized to determine if between-group differences were present. Factor interactions were checked by logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 73,992 participants aged 6-16?years of age were selected in Stage 1. In Stage 2, 17,524 individuals were screened and diagnosed. The weighted prevalence of any disorder was 17.5% (95% CI: 17.2-18.0). Statistically significant differences in prevalence of any psychiatric disorder were observed between sexes [?(2) (1, N?=?71,929)?=?223.0, p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13445 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Prevalence of mental disorders in school children and adolescents in China: diagnostic data from detailed clinical assessments of 17,524 individuals [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / F. LI, Auteur ; Y. CUI, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; L. GUO, Auteur ; X. KE, Auteur ; J. LIU, Auteur ; X. LUO, Auteur ; Y. ZHENG, Auteur ; J. F. LECKMAN, Auteur . - p.34-46. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-1 (January 2022) . - p.34-46 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders  Child  China/epidemiology  Comorbidity  Depressive Disorder, Major  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders  Female  Humans  Male  Mental Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology  Prevalence  China  adolescents  children  mental disorder  prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: To date, no national-scale psychiatric epidemiological survey for children and adolescents has been conducted in China. In order to inform government officials and policymakers and to develop a comprehensive plan for service providers, there was a clear need to conduct an up-to-date systematic nationwide psychiatric epidemiological survey. METHODS: We conducted a two-stage large-scale psychiatric point prevalence survey. Multistage cluster stratified random sampling was used as the sampling strategy. Five provinces were selected by comprehensively considering geographical partition, economic development, and rural/urban factors. In Stage 1, the Child Behavior Checklist was used as the screening tool. In Stage 2, Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents and a diagnostic process based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual were used to make the diagnoses. Sampling weights and poststratification weights were employed to match the population distributions. Exploratory analyses were also performed using socio-demographic factors. Prevalence in socio-demographic factor subgroups and overall were estimated. Rao-Scott adjusted chi-square tests were utilized to determine if between-group differences were present. Factor interactions were checked by logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 73,992 participants aged 6-16?years of age were selected in Stage 1. In Stage 2, 17,524 individuals were screened and diagnosed. The weighted prevalence of any disorder was 17.5% (95% CI: 17.2-18.0). Statistically significant differences in prevalence of any psychiatric disorder were observed between sexes [?(2) (1, N?=?71,929)?=?223.0, p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13445 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

Refractive Status and Amblyopia Risk Factors in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / J. WANG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-5 (May 2018) . - p.1530-1536 Titre : Refractive Status and Amblyopia Risk Factors in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. WANG, Auteur ; G. DING, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; N. HUA, Auteur ; N. WEI, Auteur ; X. QI, Auteur ; Y. NING, Auteur ; Y. ZHANG, Auteur ; X. LI, Auteur ; J. LI, Auteur ; L. SONG, Auteur ; X. QIAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1530-1536 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Amblyopia  Autism  Children  Refractive status  Risk factor  Strabismus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Amblyopia risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are usually hard to detect in early childhood due to poor cooperation and has not been reported in the Chinese population. We screened 168 Chinese children with ASD, aged between 3 and 8 years, and 264 age-matched neurotypical children with Spot photoscreener and basic ophthalmologic examinations. Children with ASD were found to have normal refractive status but significantly higher incidence of strabismus (16.1%), compared with control children (1.5%) (p < 0.01). Most of the cases of strabismus found in children with ASD were classified as esodeviation. Strabismus in children with ASD should be considered more seriously as an amblyopia risk factor by ophthalmologists and other healthcare professionals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3387-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=355 [article] Refractive Status and Amblyopia Risk Factors in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. WANG, Auteur ; G. DING, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; N. HUA, Auteur ; N. WEI, Auteur ; X. QI, Auteur ; Y. NING, Auteur ; Y. ZHANG, Auteur ; X. LI, Auteur ; J. LI, Auteur ; L. SONG, Auteur ; X. QIAN, Auteur . - p.1530-1536. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-5 (May 2018) . - p.1530-1536 Mots-clés : Amblyopia  Autism  Children  Refractive status  Risk factor  Strabismus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Amblyopia risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are usually hard to detect in early childhood due to poor cooperation and has not been reported in the Chinese population. We screened 168 Chinese children with ASD, aged between 3 and 8 years, and 264 age-matched neurotypical children with Spot photoscreener and basic ophthalmologic examinations. Children with ASD were found to have normal refractive status but significantly higher incidence of strabismus (16.1%), compared with control children (1.5%) (p < 0.01). Most of the cases of strabismus found in children with ASD were classified as esodeviation. Strabismus in children with ASD should be considered more seriously as an amblyopia risk factor by ophthalmologists and other healthcare professionals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3387-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=355

The association of in utero tobacco smoke exposure, quantified by serum cotinine, and Autism Spectrum Disorder / K. BERGER in Autism Research, 14-9 (September 2021)  

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