A Conceptual Framework for Understanding the Cultural and Contextual Factors on Autism Across the Globe / Anne DE LEEUW in Autism Research, 13-7 (July 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-7 (July 2020) . - p.1029-1050 Titre : A Conceptual Framework for Understanding the Cultural and Contextual Factors on Autism Across the Globe Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne DE LEEUW, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1029-1050 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  culture  diagnosis  low- and middle-income countries  screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism research is heavily skewed toward western high-income countries. Culturally appropriate screening and diagnostic instruments for autism are lacking in most low- and middle-income settings where the majority of the global autism population lives. To date, a clear overview of the possible cultural and contextual factors that may affect the process of identifying and diagnosing individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is missing. This study aims to outline these factors by proposing a conceptual framework. A multidisciplinary review approach was applied to inform the development of the conceptual framework, combining a systematic review of the relevant autism research literature with a wider literature search spanning key texts in global mental health, cultural psychiatry, cross-cultural psychology, and intellectual disability research. The resulting conceptual framework considers the identification, help-seeking, and diagnostic process at four interrelated levels: (a) the expression; (b) recognition; (c) interpretation; and (d) reporting of autism symptoms, and describes the cultural and contextual factors associated with each of these levels, including cultural norms of typical and atypical behavior, culture-specific approaches to parenting, mental health literacy, cultural beliefs, attitudes and stigma, as well as the affordability, availability, accessibility, and acceptability of services. This framework, mapping out the cultural and contextual factors that can affect the identification, help-seeking, and diagnosis of ASD may function as a springboard for the development of culturally appropriate autism screening and diagnostic instruments, and inform future cross-cultural autism research directions. The framework also has relevance for clinicians and policy makers aiming to improve support for underserved autism populations worldwide. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1029-1050. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The vast majority of autism research is conducted in western high-income settings. We therefore know relatively little of how culture and context can affect the identification, help-seeking, and diagnosis of autism across the globe. This study synthesizes what is known from the autism research literature and a broader literature and maps out how culture and context may affect (a) the expression, (b) recognition, (c) interpretation, and (d) reporting of autism symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2276 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429 [article] A Conceptual Framework for Understanding the Cultural and Contextual Factors on Autism Across the Globe [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne DE LEEUW, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur . - p.1029-1050. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-7 (July 2020) . - p.1029-1050 Mots-clés : autism  culture  diagnosis  low- and middle-income countries  screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism research is heavily skewed toward western high-income countries. Culturally appropriate screening and diagnostic instruments for autism are lacking in most low- and middle-income settings where the majority of the global autism population lives. To date, a clear overview of the possible cultural and contextual factors that may affect the process of identifying and diagnosing individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is missing. This study aims to outline these factors by proposing a conceptual framework. A multidisciplinary review approach was applied to inform the development of the conceptual framework, combining a systematic review of the relevant autism research literature with a wider literature search spanning key texts in global mental health, cultural psychiatry, cross-cultural psychology, and intellectual disability research. The resulting conceptual framework considers the identification, help-seeking, and diagnostic process at four interrelated levels: (a) the expression; (b) recognition; (c) interpretation; and (d) reporting of autism symptoms, and describes the cultural and contextual factors associated with each of these levels, including cultural norms of typical and atypical behavior, culture-specific approaches to parenting, mental health literacy, cultural beliefs, attitudes and stigma, as well as the affordability, availability, accessibility, and acceptability of services. This framework, mapping out the cultural and contextual factors that can affect the identification, help-seeking, and diagnosis of ASD may function as a springboard for the development of culturally appropriate autism screening and diagnostic instruments, and inform future cross-cultural autism research directions. The framework also has relevance for clinicians and policy makers aiming to improve support for underserved autism populations worldwide. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1029-1050. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The vast majority of autism research is conducted in western high-income settings. We therefore know relatively little of how culture and context can affect the identification, help-seeking, and diagnosis of autism across the globe. This study synthesizes what is known from the autism research literature and a broader literature and maps out how culture and context may affect (a) the expression, (b) recognition, (c) interpretation, and (d) reporting of autism symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2276 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429

Quotas, and Anti-discrimination Policies Relating to Autism in the EU: Scoping Review and Policy Mapping in Germany, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Poland, and Romania / Danielle BUNT in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1397-1417 Titre : Quotas, and Anti-discrimination Policies Relating to Autism in the EU: Scoping Review and Policy Mapping in Germany, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Poland, and Romania Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danielle BUNT, Auteur ; Robin VAN KESSEL, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Katarzyna CZABANOWSKA, Auteur ; Carol BRAYNE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Andres ROMAN-URRESTARAZU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1397-1417 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eu  anti-discrimination  autism  employment  policy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The low employment rates of persons with Autism Spectrum Conditions in the European Union (EU) are partly due to discrimination. Member States have taken different approaches to increase the employment rate in the recent decades, including quota and anti-discrimination legislation, however, the implications for people with autism are unknown. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the history of these employment policies, from seven EU Member States (Germany, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom [prior to exit], Slovakia, Poland, and Romania), exploring the interdependence on international and EU policies, using a path dependency analysis. The results indicate that internationally a shift in focus has taken place in the direction of anti-discrimination law, though employment quotas remained in place in six out of the seven Member States as a means to address employment of people with disability in combination with the new anti-discrimination laws. LAY SUMMARY: Discrimination is partially responsible for the low employment of people with autism. Several approaches have been taken in recent years, such as anti-discrimination laws and setting a mandatory number of people with disabilities that need to be employed. This study finds that, internationally and in the European Union, the focus was initially on the use of quotas and gradually moved to anti-discrimination, with both being used simultaneously. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1397-1417. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2315 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Quotas, and Anti-discrimination Policies Relating to Autism in the EU: Scoping Review and Policy Mapping in Germany, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Poland, and Romania [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danielle BUNT, Auteur ; Robin VAN KESSEL, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Katarzyna CZABANOWSKA, Auteur ; Carol BRAYNE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Andres ROMAN-URRESTARAZU, Auteur . - p.1397-1417. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1397-1417 Mots-clés : Eu  anti-discrimination  autism  employment  policy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The low employment rates of persons with Autism Spectrum Conditions in the European Union (EU) are partly due to discrimination. Member States have taken different approaches to increase the employment rate in the recent decades, including quota and anti-discrimination legislation, however, the implications for people with autism are unknown. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the history of these employment policies, from seven EU Member States (Germany, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom [prior to exit], Slovakia, Poland, and Romania), exploring the interdependence on international and EU policies, using a path dependency analysis. The results indicate that internationally a shift in focus has taken place in the direction of anti-discrimination law, though employment quotas remained in place in six out of the seven Member States as a means to address employment of people with disability in combination with the new anti-discrimination laws. LAY SUMMARY: Discrimination is partially responsible for the low employment of people with autism. Several approaches have been taken in recent years, such as anti-discrimination laws and setting a mandatory number of people with disabilities that need to be employed. This study finds that, internationally and in the European Union, the focus was initially on the use of quotas and gradually moved to anti-discrimination, with both being used simultaneously. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1397-1417. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2315 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Short report: Social communication difficulties and restricted repetitive behaviors as predictors of anxiety in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Erika KUZMINSKAITE in Autism, 24-7 (October 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1917-1923 Titre : Short report: Social communication difficulties and restricted repetitive behaviors as predictors of anxiety in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erika KUZMINSKAITE, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Rachel GROVE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1917-1923 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *anxiety  *autism spectrum disorders  *restricted repetitive behaviors  *social communication difficulties  of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this  article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder and anxiety are highly comorbid conditions. Understanding the underlying traits of anxiety in autism spectrum disorder is crucial to prevent and treat it efficiently. Hence, this study determined whether social communication difficulties or restricted repetitive behaviors are stronger risk factors for anxiety symptoms in autistic adults in a large cohort. Data on 742 autistic adults from the Netherlands Autism Register were included in the study. Hierarchical regression was implemented to evaluate whether social communication difficulties (Autism-Spectrum Quotient social behavior factor) and restricted repetitive behaviors (Adult Routines Inventory) were predictive of anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) controlling for age and sex. When considered together, restricted repetitive behaviors stood out as significant positive predictors of anxiety symptoms (lower-order restricted repetitive behaviors, ??=?0.32, p??0.05). Non-social autistic traits are stronger predictors of anxiety symptoms than social traits in autistic adults. Increased attention to restricted repetitive behaviors should be given to improve current support programs for autistic adults with anxiety and to identify autistic individuals at risk. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320934218 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 [article] Short report: Social communication difficulties and restricted repetitive behaviors as predictors of anxiety in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erika KUZMINSKAITE, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Rachel GROVE, Auteur . - p.1917-1923. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1917-1923 Mots-clés : *anxiety  *autism spectrum disorders  *restricted repetitive behaviors  *social communication difficulties  of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this  article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder and anxiety are highly comorbid conditions. Understanding the underlying traits of anxiety in autism spectrum disorder is crucial to prevent and treat it efficiently. Hence, this study determined whether social communication difficulties or restricted repetitive behaviors are stronger risk factors for anxiety symptoms in autistic adults in a large cohort. Data on 742 autistic adults from the Netherlands Autism Register were included in the study. Hierarchical regression was implemented to evaluate whether social communication difficulties (Autism-Spectrum Quotient social behavior factor) and restricted repetitive behaviors (Adult Routines Inventory) were predictive of anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) controlling for age and sex. When considered together, restricted repetitive behaviors stood out as significant positive predictors of anxiety symptoms (lower-order restricted repetitive behaviors, ??=?0.32, p??0.05). Non-social autistic traits are stronger predictors of anxiety symptoms than social traits in autistic adults. Increased attention to restricted repetitive behaviors should be given to improve current support programs for autistic adults with anxiety and to identify autistic individuals at risk. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320934218 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431

The Dutch Sensory Perception Quotient-Short in adults with and without autism / Ricarda F. WEILAND in Autism, 24-8 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2071-2080 Titre : The Dutch Sensory Perception Quotient-Short in adults with and without autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ricarda F. WEILAND, Auteur ; Tinca J. C. POLDERMAN, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Dirk Ja SMIT, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2071-2080 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *spq  *autism  *perception  *questionnaire  *sensory sensitivity  of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this  article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals on the autism spectrum often experience heightened or reduced sensory sensitivities. This feature was recently added to the diagnostic manual for autism (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-5)). To measure sensory sensitivities, the Sensory Perception Quotient (SPQ) has been developed. In this study, we tested whether a Dutch translation of the abridged SPQ-Short yields similar results as the original English version. We also tested whether this questionnaire can measure modality specific sensitivities. To this end, 657 adults with autism spectrum disorder and 585 adults without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis filled out the Dutch SPQ-Short. The Dutch questionnaire data were very similar to the original English version: adults with autism spectrum disorder were more sensitive compared with adults without autism spectrum disorder. Women with autism spectrum disorder are more sensitive compared with men with autism spectrum disorder. Gender did not have an effect in the group without autism spectrum disorder. Individuals reporting higher sensory sensitivities also reported more autistic traits (such as lower social interests, or increased fascination for patterns). Finally, we found that the Dutch SPQ-Short is suited to measure modality-specific sensitivities. We conclude that the Dutch translation is a viable tool to measure sensory sensitivities in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder and can be used to further our understanding of differences in perception in people with or without autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320942085 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 [article] The Dutch Sensory Perception Quotient-Short in adults with and without autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ricarda F. WEILAND, Auteur ; Tinca J. C. POLDERMAN, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Dirk Ja SMIT, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur . - p.2071-2080. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2071-2080 Mots-clés : *spq  *autism  *perception  *questionnaire  *sensory sensitivity  of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this  article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals on the autism spectrum often experience heightened or reduced sensory sensitivities. This feature was recently added to the diagnostic manual for autism (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-5)). To measure sensory sensitivities, the Sensory Perception Quotient (SPQ) has been developed. In this study, we tested whether a Dutch translation of the abridged SPQ-Short yields similar results as the original English version. We also tested whether this questionnaire can measure modality specific sensitivities. To this end, 657 adults with autism spectrum disorder and 585 adults without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis filled out the Dutch SPQ-Short. The Dutch questionnaire data were very similar to the original English version: adults with autism spectrum disorder were more sensitive compared with adults without autism spectrum disorder. Women with autism spectrum disorder are more sensitive compared with men with autism spectrum disorder. Gender did not have an effect in the group without autism spectrum disorder. Individuals reporting higher sensory sensitivities also reported more autistic traits (such as lower social interests, or increased fascination for patterns). Finally, we found that the Dutch SPQ-Short is suited to measure modality-specific sensitivities. We conclude that the Dutch translation is a viable tool to measure sensory sensitivities in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder and can be used to further our understanding of differences in perception in people with or without autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320942085 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431

---

1 (1 - 4 / 4)