Puppets facilitate attention to social cues in children with ASD / Suzanne L. MACARI in Autism Research, 14-9 (September 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.1975-1985 Titre : Puppets facilitate attention to social cues in children with ASD Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Xinyuan CHEN, Auteur ; Ludivine BRUNISSEN, Auteur ; Eukyung YHANG, Auteur ; Emma BRENNAN-WYDRA, Auteur ; Angelina VERNETTI, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Jennifer CHANG, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p.1975-1985 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Communication  Cues  Humans  attention  eye tracking  puppets Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Diminished visual attention to faces of social partners represents one of the early characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we examine if the introduction of puppets as social partners alters attention to speakers' faces in young children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. Children with ASD (N = 37; M(age)  = 49.44 months) and TD (N = 27; M(age)  = 40.66 months) viewed a video depicting a puppet and a human engaged in a conversation. Dwell time on these faces was analyzed as a function of group and speaker's identity. Unlike TD controls, the ASD group exhibited limited visual attention to and chance-level visual preference for the human speaker. However, attention to and preference for the puppet speaker's face was greater than chance and comparable across the two groups. While there was a strong association between low human speaker preference and high autism severity, no association with autism severity was found for puppet speaker preference. Unlike humans, expressive and verbal puppets attracted the attention of children with ASD at levels comparable to that of TD controls. Considering that puppets can engage in reciprocal interactions and deliver simplified, salient social-communicative cues, they may facilitate therapeutic efforts in children with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: While studies have shown support for therapeutic uses of robots with children with autism, other similar agents such as puppets remain to be explored. When shown a video of a conversation between a puppet and a person, young children with ASD paid as much attention to the puppet's face as typically-developing (TD) children. Since puppets can engage in back-and-forth interactions and model social interactions and communication, they may play a promising role in therapeutic efforts for young children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Puppets facilitate attention to social cues in children with ASD [texte imprimé] / Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Xinyuan CHEN, Auteur ; Ludivine BRUNISSEN, Auteur ; Eukyung YHANG, Auteur ; Emma BRENNAN-WYDRA, Auteur ; Angelina VERNETTI, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Jennifer CHANG, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur . - 2021 . - p.1975-1985. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.1975-1985 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Communication  Cues  Humans  attention  eye tracking  puppets Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Diminished visual attention to faces of social partners represents one of the early characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we examine if the introduction of puppets as social partners alters attention to speakers' faces in young children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. Children with ASD (N = 37; M(age)  = 49.44 months) and TD (N = 27; M(age)  = 40.66 months) viewed a video depicting a puppet and a human engaged in a conversation. Dwell time on these faces was analyzed as a function of group and speaker's identity. Unlike TD controls, the ASD group exhibited limited visual attention to and chance-level visual preference for the human speaker. However, attention to and preference for the puppet speaker's face was greater than chance and comparable across the two groups. While there was a strong association between low human speaker preference and high autism severity, no association with autism severity was found for puppet speaker preference. Unlike humans, expressive and verbal puppets attracted the attention of children with ASD at levels comparable to that of TD controls. Considering that puppets can engage in reciprocal interactions and deliver simplified, salient social-communicative cues, they may facilitate therapeutic efforts in children with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: While studies have shown support for therapeutic uses of robots with children with autism, other similar agents such as puppets remain to be explored. When shown a video of a conversation between a puppet and a person, young children with ASD paid as much attention to the puppet's face as typically-developing (TD) children. Since puppets can engage in back-and-forth interactions and model social interactions and communication, they may play a promising role in therapeutic efforts for young children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Vaccine Hesitancy and Attributions for Autism among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Groups of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study / Jennifer CHANG in Autism Research, 13-10 (October 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-10 (October 2020) . - p.1790-1796 Titre : Vaccine Hesitancy and Attributions for Autism among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Groups of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jennifer CHANG, Auteur ; Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1790-1796 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cultural diversity  ethnic groups  parent perception  race  vaccines Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about how racial/ethnic differences may influence attributions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and subsequent vaccine hesitancy, the latter of which refers to a continuum of concerns about vaccine safety that may lead to vaccine delays and/or refusals. Two hundred and twenty-five parents of children with ASD who were enrolled in the SPARK cohort (Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge) completed the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines survey and the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire. 28.9% of respondents (n = 65) were vaccine hesitant (PACV score ≥ 50). Significant differences were observed between proportions of vaccine-hesitant parents (VHP) in the White sample and combined samples of color (Asian, Black, Latinx, Multiracial, and Other): 22.8% of the White sample (n = 39) versus 48.1% of the samples of color (n = 26). White, non-hesitant parents more often agreed with the child's brain structure as a cause of their child's ASD, while White, VHP more often agreed with the deterioration of the child's immunity as a cause. All VHP (regardless of race) agreed more often with diet, their own decisions, and vaccines as causes. VHP of color more often agreed with accident or injury, environmental pollution, their own general stress, and their own emotional state as causes. Future work should examine this phenomenon in larger, diverse samples to further understand differences across specific racial/ethnic groups. LAY SUMMARY: Some parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are vaccine hesitant, meaning they have concerns about vaccine safety and may delay/refuse vaccines. We examined possible racial/ethnic differences related to how common vaccine hesitancy is and which causes of ASD were typically endorsed among a sample of caregivers in the SPARK cohort (Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge). Higher proportions of parents of color were vaccine hesitant, and all vaccine-hesitant parents agreed that "toxins in vaccines" were a cause of their child's ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1790-1796. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2339 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 [article] Vaccine Hesitancy and Attributions for Autism among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Groups of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study [texte imprimé] / Jennifer CHANG, Auteur ; Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur . - p.1790-1796. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-10 (October 2020) . - p.1790-1796 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cultural diversity  ethnic groups  parent perception  race  vaccines Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about how racial/ethnic differences may influence attributions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and subsequent vaccine hesitancy, the latter of which refers to a continuum of concerns about vaccine safety that may lead to vaccine delays and/or refusals. Two hundred and twenty-five parents of children with ASD who were enrolled in the SPARK cohort (Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge) completed the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines survey and the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire. 28.9% of respondents (n = 65) were vaccine hesitant (PACV score ≥ 50). Significant differences were observed between proportions of vaccine-hesitant parents (VHP) in the White sample and combined samples of color (Asian, Black, Latinx, Multiracial, and Other): 22.8% of the White sample (n = 39) versus 48.1% of the samples of color (n = 26). White, non-hesitant parents more often agreed with the child's brain structure as a cause of their child's ASD, while White, VHP more often agreed with the deterioration of the child's immunity as a cause. All VHP (regardless of race) agreed more often with diet, their own decisions, and vaccines as causes. VHP of color more often agreed with accident or injury, environmental pollution, their own general stress, and their own emotional state as causes. Future work should examine this phenomenon in larger, diverse samples to further understand differences across specific racial/ethnic groups. LAY SUMMARY: Some parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are vaccine hesitant, meaning they have concerns about vaccine safety and may delay/refuse vaccines. We examined possible racial/ethnic differences related to how common vaccine hesitancy is and which causes of ASD were typically endorsed among a sample of caregivers in the SPARK cohort (Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge). Higher proportions of parents of color were vaccine hesitant, and all vaccine-hesitant parents agreed that "toxins in vaccines" were a cause of their child's ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1790-1796. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2339 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431

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