Autistic traits in adults who have attempted suicide / Gareth RICHARDS in Molecular Autism, 10 (2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 26p. Titre : Autistic traits in adults who have attempted suicide Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur ; Rebecca KENNY, Auteur ; Sian GRIFFITHS, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; David MOSSE, Auteur ; Richard HOLT, Auteur ; Rory C. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Sarah A. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 26p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asc  Asd  Asperger syndrome  Autism  Autism spectrum  Autistic traits  Depression  Mental health  Suicidality  Suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: An emerging literature suggests that autistic adults are at increased risk of experiencing suicidal thoughts, making suicidal plans and attempts, and dying by suicide. However, few studies have investigated whether autistic traits are related to suicidal behaviour. The current study examined autistic traits in a sample of adults who reported at least one suicide attempt. Methods: An online questionnaire was advertised between June and September 2017 on suicide prevention websites, research databases, and social media. Participants reported whether they had ever attempted suicide (yes/no), and if so, how many times they had attempted (once/more than once). They also reported diagnosed and suspected mental health or neurodevelopmental conditions, and completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Two hundred forty-five adults accessed the survey; 132 reported having attempted suicide and also completed the AQ. It was hypothesised that AQ total scores and subscale scores would be higher in adults who had attempted suicide more than once compared to adults who had attempted once. These hypotheses were tested using an independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney U tests, and binary logistic regression. Results: Most participants were female (83.3%, male = 12.9%, other = 3.8%), and ages ranged from 18 to 65 (median = 36.00; IQR = 19.00). Total AQ scores, as well as communication and imagination subscale scores were significantly higher in adults who had attempted suicide more than once compared to adults who had attempted suicide once. Even after removing participants with diagnosed or suspected autism (n = 34), 40.6% had an AQ score indicative of clinical concern (>/= 26). Conclusions: The findings suggest that high levels of autistic traits may frequently be present in adults who have attempted suicide, and that AQ scores are higher in those with a history of more than one suicide attempt. It may be possible to better identify suicide risk by screening autistic adults with mental health conditions for suicidal thoughts and behaviours, and by screening people with suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours for autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0274-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=402 [article] Autistic traits in adults who have attempted suicide [texte imprimé] / Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur ; Rebecca KENNY, Auteur ; Sian GRIFFITHS, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; David MOSSE, Auteur ; Richard HOLT, Auteur ; Rory C. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Sarah A. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 26p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 26p. Mots-clés : Asc  Asd  Asperger syndrome  Autism  Autism spectrum  Autistic traits  Depression  Mental health  Suicidality  Suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: An emerging literature suggests that autistic adults are at increased risk of experiencing suicidal thoughts, making suicidal plans and attempts, and dying by suicide. However, few studies have investigated whether autistic traits are related to suicidal behaviour. The current study examined autistic traits in a sample of adults who reported at least one suicide attempt. Methods: An online questionnaire was advertised between June and September 2017 on suicide prevention websites, research databases, and social media. Participants reported whether they had ever attempted suicide (yes/no), and if so, how many times they had attempted (once/more than once). They also reported diagnosed and suspected mental health or neurodevelopmental conditions, and completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Two hundred forty-five adults accessed the survey; 132 reported having attempted suicide and also completed the AQ. It was hypothesised that AQ total scores and subscale scores would be higher in adults who had attempted suicide more than once compared to adults who had attempted once. These hypotheses were tested using an independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney U tests, and binary logistic regression. Results: Most participants were female (83.3%, male = 12.9%, other = 3.8%), and ages ranged from 18 to 65 (median = 36.00; IQR = 19.00). Total AQ scores, as well as communication and imagination subscale scores were significantly higher in adults who had attempted suicide more than once compared to adults who had attempted suicide once. Even after removing participants with diagnosed or suspected autism (n = 34), 40.6% had an AQ score indicative of clinical concern (>/= 26). Conclusions: The findings suggest that high levels of autistic traits may frequently be present in adults who have attempted suicide, and that AQ scores are higher in those with a history of more than one suicide attempt. It may be possible to better identify suicide risk by screening autistic adults with mental health conditions for suicidal thoughts and behaviours, and by screening people with suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours for autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0274-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=402

Health anxiety in autistic adults / John GALVIN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 104 (June 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 104 (June 2023) . - 102146 Titre : Health anxiety in autistic adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John GALVIN, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 102146 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Autistic Traits  Health Anxiety  Sex Differences  Co-morbidities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Health anxiety involves misinterpreting normal bodily sensations as symptoms of a serious illness. No study to date has explored health anxiety in autistic adults. This cross-sectional study had three aims: 1) to examine the levels of health anxiety in autistic and non-autistic adults, 2) to explore sex differences in health anxiety across both subsamples, and 3) to determine whether autistic traits were associated with health anxiety in either or both subsamples. Method A cross-sectional self-report questionnaire measuring demographic information (sex, age, ethnicity), diagnostic information, comorbid diagnoses, autistic traits, and health anxiety was distributed to 110 autistic and 110 non-autistic adults without intellectual disability. Results The findings showed health anxiety to be significantly higher in autistic than non-autistic adults, and significantly higher in females than males in both subsamples. Almost 1 in 3 autistic people reported clinically significant levels of health anxiety. Positive correlations were found between autistic traits and health anxiety in both autistic and non-autistic subsamples, and these relationships remained statistically significantly after controlling for covariates. Conclusions This is the first study to investigate health anxiety in a sample of autistic people, and also the first to consider the relationship between autistic traits and health anxiety in both autistic and non-autistic individuals. The findings have both clinical and research implications. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102146 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504 [article] Health anxiety in autistic adults [texte imprimé] / John GALVIN, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur . - 102146. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 104 (June 2023) . - 102146 Mots-clés : Autism  Autistic Traits  Health Anxiety  Sex Differences  Co-morbidities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Health anxiety involves misinterpreting normal bodily sensations as symptoms of a serious illness. No study to date has explored health anxiety in autistic adults. This cross-sectional study had three aims: 1) to examine the levels of health anxiety in autistic and non-autistic adults, 2) to explore sex differences in health anxiety across both subsamples, and 3) to determine whether autistic traits were associated with health anxiety in either or both subsamples. Method A cross-sectional self-report questionnaire measuring demographic information (sex, age, ethnicity), diagnostic information, comorbid diagnoses, autistic traits, and health anxiety was distributed to 110 autistic and 110 non-autistic adults without intellectual disability. Results The findings showed health anxiety to be significantly higher in autistic than non-autistic adults, and significantly higher in females than males in both subsamples. Almost 1 in 3 autistic people reported clinically significant levels of health anxiety. Positive correlations were found between autistic traits and health anxiety in both autistic and non-autistic subsamples, and these relationships remained statistically significantly after controlling for covariates. Conclusions This is the first study to investigate health anxiety in a sample of autistic people, and also the first to consider the relationship between autistic traits and health anxiety in both autistic and non-autistic individuals. The findings have both clinical and research implications. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102146 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504

Longitudinal Associations Between Autistic Traits, Self-compassion, Anxiety and Depression in Autistic and Non-autistic Adults Without Intellectual Disability / John GALVIN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-12 (December 2024) . - p.4571-4583 Titre : Longitudinal Associations Between Autistic Traits, Self-compassion, Anxiety and Depression in Autistic and Non-autistic Adults Without Intellectual Disability Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John GALVIN, Auteur ; Abby HOWES, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4571-4583 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous cross-sectional research suggests self-compassion may mediate associations between autistic traits and mental health in autistic and non-autistic adults. However, no research to date has examined these relationships longitudinally. In this study, we used a cross-lagged panel analysis to examine correlations over time between autistic traits, self-compassion, and anxiety/depression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06157-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=540 [article] Longitudinal Associations Between Autistic Traits, Self-compassion, Anxiety and Depression in Autistic and Non-autistic Adults Without Intellectual Disability [texte imprimé] / John GALVIN, Auteur ; Abby HOWES, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur . - p.4571-4583. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-12 (December 2024) . - p.4571-4583 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous cross-sectional research suggests self-compassion may mediate associations between autistic traits and mental health in autistic and non-autistic adults. However, no research to date has examined these relationships longitudinally. In this study, we used a cross-lagged panel analysis to examine correlations over time between autistic traits, self-compassion, and anxiety/depression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06157-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=540

Maternal steroid levels and the autistic traits of the mother and infant / Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 51 p. Titre : Maternal steroid levels and the autistic traits of the mother and infant Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Ezra AYDIN, Auteur ; E. PADAIGAITÄ–, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Gerald HACKETT, Auteur ; Topun AUSTIN, Auteur ; Richard HOLT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 51 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Autistic Traits  Estradiol  Interaction  Pregnancy  Prenatal  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal sex steroids have been associated with autism in several clinical and epidemiological studies. It is unclear how this relates to the autistic traits of the mother and how early this can be detected during pregnancy and postnatal development. METHODS: Maternal serum was collected from pregnant women (n = 122) before or during their first ultrasound appointment [mean = 12.7 (SD = 0.7) weeks]. Concentrations of the following were measured via immunoassays: testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, progesterone; and sex hormone-binding globulin which was used to compute the free fractions of estradiol (FEI) and testosterone (FTI). Standardised human choriogonadotropin (hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) values were obtained from clinical records corresponding to the same serum samples. Mothers completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and for their infants, the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT) when the infants were between 18 and 20 months old. RESULTS: FEI was positively associated with maternal autistic traits in univariate (n = 108, Pearson's r = 0.22, p = 0.019) and multiple regression models (semipartial r = 0.19, p = 0.048) controlling for maternal age and a diagnosis of PCOS. Maternal estradiol levels significantly interacted with fetal sex in predicting infant Q-CHAT scores, with a positive relationship in males but not females (n = 100, interaction term: semipartial r = 0.23, p = 0.036) after controlling for maternal AQ and other covariates. The opposite was found for standardised hCG values and Q-CHAT scores, with a positive association in females but not in males (n = 151, interaction term: r = -0.25, p = 0.005). LIMITATIONS: Sample size of this cohort was small, with potential ascertainment bias given elective recruitment. Clinical covariates were controlled in multiple regression models, but additional research is needed to confirm the statistically significant findings in larger cohorts. CONCLUSION: Maternal steroid factors during pregnancy are associated with autistic traits in mothers and their infants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00453-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 [article] Maternal steroid levels and the autistic traits of the mother and infant [texte imprimé] / Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Ezra AYDIN, Auteur ; E. PADAIGAITÄ–, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Gerald HACKETT, Auteur ; Topun AUSTIN, Auteur ; Richard HOLT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 51 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 51 p. Mots-clés : Autism  Autistic Traits  Estradiol  Interaction  Pregnancy  Prenatal  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal sex steroids have been associated with autism in several clinical and epidemiological studies. It is unclear how this relates to the autistic traits of the mother and how early this can be detected during pregnancy and postnatal development. METHODS: Maternal serum was collected from pregnant women (n = 122) before or during their first ultrasound appointment [mean = 12.7 (SD = 0.7) weeks]. Concentrations of the following were measured via immunoassays: testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, progesterone; and sex hormone-binding globulin which was used to compute the free fractions of estradiol (FEI) and testosterone (FTI). Standardised human choriogonadotropin (hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) values were obtained from clinical records corresponding to the same serum samples. Mothers completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and for their infants, the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT) when the infants were between 18 and 20 months old. RESULTS: FEI was positively associated with maternal autistic traits in univariate (n = 108, Pearson's r = 0.22, p = 0.019) and multiple regression models (semipartial r = 0.19, p = 0.048) controlling for maternal age and a diagnosis of PCOS. Maternal estradiol levels significantly interacted with fetal sex in predicting infant Q-CHAT scores, with a positive relationship in males but not females (n = 100, interaction term: semipartial r = 0.23, p = 0.036) after controlling for maternal AQ and other covariates. The opposite was found for standardised hCG values and Q-CHAT scores, with a positive association in females but not in males (n = 151, interaction term: r = -0.25, p = 0.005). LIMITATIONS: Sample size of this cohort was small, with potential ascertainment bias given elective recruitment. Clinical covariates were controlled in multiple regression models, but additional research is needed to confirm the statistically significant findings in larger cohorts. CONCLUSION: Maternal steroid factors during pregnancy are associated with autistic traits in mothers and their infants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00453-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459

Self-compassion as a mediator of the association between autistic traits and depressive/anxious symptomatology / John GALVIN in Autism, 25-2 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-2 (February 2021) . - p.502-515 Titre : Self-compassion as a mediator of the association between autistic traits and depressive/anxious symptomatology Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John GALVIN, Auteur ; Abby HOWES, Auteur ; Bethany MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.502-515 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety  autistic spectrum conditions  autistic spectrum disorders  autistic traits  depression  self-compassion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this study, we asked 164 undergraduate students to complete an online questionnaire. The questionnaire measured the students' levels of autistic traits, self-compassion, and experience of anxiety and depression. We were interested in knowing if self-compassion (defined as the extension of kindness to oneself when faced with challenges) had any influence on the relationship between autistic traits and experiences of anxiety and depression. The results of the study indicated that self-compassion may be an important factor influencing the relationship between autistic traits and mental health, with higher levels of self-compassion being related to more positive mental health outcomes. Although the findings should be considered preliminary in nature, they do suggest that self-compassion could potentially be a target for clinical intervention in people with elevated autistic traits and experience anxiety and/or depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320966853 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 [article] Self-compassion as a mediator of the association between autistic traits and depressive/anxious symptomatology [texte imprimé] / John GALVIN, Auteur ; Abby HOWES, Auteur ; Bethany MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur . - p.502-515. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-2 (February 2021) . - p.502-515 Mots-clés : anxiety  autistic spectrum conditions  autistic spectrum disorders  autistic traits  depression  self-compassion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this study, we asked 164 undergraduate students to complete an online questionnaire. The questionnaire measured the students' levels of autistic traits, self-compassion, and experience of anxiety and depression. We were interested in knowing if self-compassion (defined as the extension of kindness to oneself when faced with challenges) had any influence on the relationship between autistic traits and experiences of anxiety and depression. The results of the study indicated that self-compassion may be an important factor influencing the relationship between autistic traits and mental health, with higher levels of self-compassion being related to more positive mental health outcomes. Although the findings should be considered preliminary in nature, they do suggest that self-compassion could potentially be a target for clinical intervention in people with elevated autistic traits and experience anxiety and/or depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320966853 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442

The Association Between Autistic Traits and Disordered Eating is Moderated by Sex/Gender and Independent of Anxiety and Depression / Alana BARNETT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-6 (June 2021)  

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The indirect effect of self-compassion in the association between autistic traits and anxiety/depression: A cross-sectional study in autistic and non-autistic adults / John GALVIN in Autism, 27-5 (July 2023)  

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