BOLD differences normally attributed to inhibitory control predict symptoms, not task-directed inhibitory control in ADHD / Andre CHEVRIER in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 12 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 12 (2020) Titre : BOLD differences normally attributed to inhibitory control predict symptoms, not task-directed inhibitory control in ADHD Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Andre CHEVRIER, Auteur ; Russell J. SCHACHAR, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology  Brain/physiopathology  Child  Executive Function/physiology  Female  Humans  Inhibition, Psychological  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Male  Neuropsychological Tests  Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology  Reaction Time/physiology  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  Functional magnetic resonance imaging  Hyperactivity  Inattention  Inhibition  Stop signal reaction time  Stop signal task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Altered brain activity that has been observed in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) while performing cognitive control tasks like the stop signal task (SST) has generally been interpreted as reflecting either weak (under-active) or compensatory (over-active) versions of the same functions as in healthy controls. If so, then regional activities that correlate with the efficiency of inhibitory control (i.e. stop signal reaction time, SSRT) in healthy subjects should also correlate with SSRT in ADHD. Here we test the alternate hypothesis that BOLD (blood-oxygen-level-dependent) differences might instead reflect the redirection of neural processing resources normally used for task-directed inhibitory control, towards actively managing symptomatic behaviour. If so, then activities that correlate with SSRT in TD should instead correlate with inattentive and hyperactive symptoms in ADHD. METHODS: We used fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) in 14 typically developing (TD) and 14 ADHD adolescents performing the SST, and in a replication sample of 14 healthy adults. First, we identified significant group BOLD differences during all phases of activity in the SST (i.e. warning, response, reactive inhibition, error detection and post-error slowing). Next, we correlated these phases of activity with SSRT in TD and with SSRT, inattentive and hyperactive symptom scores in ADHD. We then identified whole brain significant correlations in regions of significant group difference in activity. RESULTS: Only three regions of significant group difference were correlated with SSRT in TD and replication groups (left and right inferior frontal gyri (IFG) during error detection and hypothalamus during post-error slowing). Consistent with regions of altered activity managing symptomatic behaviour instead of task-directed behaviour, left IFG correlated with greater inattentive score, right IFG correlated with lower hyperactive score and hypothalamus correlated with greater inattentive score and oppositely correlated with SSRT compared to TD. CONCLUSIONS: Stimuli that elicit task-directed integration of neural processing in healthy subjects instead appear to be directing integrated function towards managing symptomatic behaviour in ADHD. The ability of the current approach to determine whether altered neural activities reflect comparable functions in ADHD and control groups has broad implications for the development and monitoring of therapeutic interventions. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-020-09311-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573 [article] BOLD differences normally attributed to inhibitory control predict symptoms, not task-directed inhibitory control in ADHD [texte imprimé] / Andre CHEVRIER, Auteur ; Russell J. SCHACHAR, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 12 (2020) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology  Brain/physiopathology  Child  Executive Function/physiology  Female  Humans  Inhibition, Psychological  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Male  Neuropsychological Tests  Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology  Reaction Time/physiology  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  Functional magnetic resonance imaging  Hyperactivity  Inattention  Inhibition  Stop signal reaction time  Stop signal task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Altered brain activity that has been observed in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) while performing cognitive control tasks like the stop signal task (SST) has generally been interpreted as reflecting either weak (under-active) or compensatory (over-active) versions of the same functions as in healthy controls. If so, then regional activities that correlate with the efficiency of inhibitory control (i.e. stop signal reaction time, SSRT) in healthy subjects should also correlate with SSRT in ADHD. Here we test the alternate hypothesis that BOLD (blood-oxygen-level-dependent) differences might instead reflect the redirection of neural processing resources normally used for task-directed inhibitory control, towards actively managing symptomatic behaviour. If so, then activities that correlate with SSRT in TD should instead correlate with inattentive and hyperactive symptoms in ADHD. METHODS: We used fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) in 14 typically developing (TD) and 14 ADHD adolescents performing the SST, and in a replication sample of 14 healthy adults. First, we identified significant group BOLD differences during all phases of activity in the SST (i.e. warning, response, reactive inhibition, error detection and post-error slowing). Next, we correlated these phases of activity with SSRT in TD and with SSRT, inattentive and hyperactive symptom scores in ADHD. We then identified whole brain significant correlations in regions of significant group difference in activity. RESULTS: Only three regions of significant group difference were correlated with SSRT in TD and replication groups (left and right inferior frontal gyri (IFG) during error detection and hypothalamus during post-error slowing). Consistent with regions of altered activity managing symptomatic behaviour instead of task-directed behaviour, left IFG correlated with greater inattentive score, right IFG correlated with lower hyperactive score and hypothalamus correlated with greater inattentive score and oppositely correlated with SSRT compared to TD. CONCLUSIONS: Stimuli that elicit task-directed integration of neural processing in healthy subjects instead appear to be directing integrated function towards managing symptomatic behaviour in ADHD. The ability of the current approach to determine whether altered neural activities reflect comparable functions in ADHD and control groups has broad implications for the development and monitoring of therapeutic interventions. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-020-09311-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573

Transdiagnostic Behavioral Phenotypes and Comorbid Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: An Exploratory Study / Shane CLEARY in Autism Research, 19-1 (January 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-1 (January 2026) . - p.e70143 Titre : Transdiagnostic Behavioral Phenotypes and Comorbid Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: An Exploratory Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Shane CLEARY, Auteur ; Sarah ASBURY, Auteur ; Russell J. SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Rosanna WEKSBERG, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Jessica JONES, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Jane A. FOSTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70143 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  based on MeSH terms  behavioral phenotypes  cluster analysis  gastrointestinal symptoms  neurodevelopmental disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have heterogeneous behavioral phenotypes and substantial symptom overlap. Identifying transdiagnostic subgroups may help clarify this heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify behavior-based subgroups of children with NDD and explore links between gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and behavioral symptoms. Using data from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders (POND) network, we applied a heterogeneous mixture model (HMM) to behavioral data from 1716 participants, including typically developing (TD, n?=?210), ASD (n?=?747), and ADHD (n?=?759) and identified six distinct clusters. Five of the clusters included individuals with TD, ADHD, and ASD diagnoses. The remaining cluster exhibited the most severe behavior phenotype and was exclusively ADHD and ASD participants. Notably, GI symptoms were significantly more prevalent in the cluster with the most severe behavioral profile (?2 (5)?=?64.4, p? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70143 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=578 [article] Transdiagnostic Behavioral Phenotypes and Comorbid Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: An Exploratory Study [texte imprimé] / Shane CLEARY, Auteur ; Sarah ASBURY, Auteur ; Russell J. SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Rosanna WEKSBERG, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Jessica JONES, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Jane A. FOSTER, Auteur . - p.e70143. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-1 (January 2026) . - p.e70143 Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  based on MeSH terms  behavioral phenotypes  cluster analysis  gastrointestinal symptoms  neurodevelopmental disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have heterogeneous behavioral phenotypes and substantial symptom overlap. Identifying transdiagnostic subgroups may help clarify this heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify behavior-based subgroups of children with NDD and explore links between gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and behavioral symptoms. Using data from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders (POND) network, we applied a heterogeneous mixture model (HMM) to behavioral data from 1716 participants, including typically developing (TD, n?=?210), ASD (n?=?747), and ADHD (n?=?759) and identified six distinct clusters. Five of the clusters included individuals with TD, ADHD, and ASD diagnoses. The remaining cluster exhibited the most severe behavior phenotype and was exclusively ADHD and ASD participants. Notably, GI symptoms were significantly more prevalent in the cluster with the most severe behavioral profile (?2 (5)?=?64.4, p? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70143 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=578

---

1 (1 - 2 / 2) Par page : 25 50 100 200