Annual Research Review: An expanded account of information-processing mechanisms in risk for child and adolescent anxiety and depression / Jennifer Y. F. LAU in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.387-407 Titre : Annual Research Review: An expanded account of information-processing mechanisms in risk for child and adolescent anxiety and depression Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer Y. F. LAU, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.387-407 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  depression  risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety and depression occurring during childhood and adolescence are common and costly. While early-emerging anxiety and depression can arise through a complex interplay of ‘distal’ factors such as genetic and environmental influences, temperamental characteristics and brain circuitry, the more proximal mechanisms that transfer risks on symptoms are poorly delineated. Information-processing biases, which differentiate youth with and without anxiety and/or depression, could act as proximal mechanisms that mediate more distal risks on symptoms. This article reviews the literature on information-processing biases, their associations with anxiety and depression symptoms in youth and with other distal risk factors, to provide direction for further research. Methods Based on strategic searches of the literature, we consider how youth with and without anxiety and/or depression vary in how they deploy attention to social-affective stimuli, discriminate between threat and safety cues, retain memories of negative events and appraise ambiguous information. We discuss how these information-processing biases are similarly or differentially expressed on anxiety and depression and whether these biases are linked to genetic and environmental factors, temperamental characteristics and patterns of brain circuitry functioning implicated in anxiety and depression. Findings Biases in attention and appraisal characterise both youth anxiety and depression but with some differences in how these are expressed for each symptom type. Difficulties in threat-safety cue discrimination characterise anxiety and are understudied in depression, while biases in the retrieval of negative and overgeneral memories have been observed in depression but are understudied in anxiety. Information-processing biases have been studied in relation to some distal factors but not systematically, so relationships remain inconclusive. Conclusions Biases in attention, threat-safety cue discrimination, memory and appraisal may characterise anxiety and/or depression risk. We discuss future research directions that can more systematically test whether these biases act as proximal mechanisms that mediate other distal risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12653 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Annual Research Review: An expanded account of information-processing mechanisms in risk for child and adolescent anxiety and depression [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer Y. F. LAU, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur . - p.387-407. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.387-407 Mots-clés : Anxiety  depression  risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety and depression occurring during childhood and adolescence are common and costly. While early-emerging anxiety and depression can arise through a complex interplay of ‘distal’ factors such as genetic and environmental influences, temperamental characteristics and brain circuitry, the more proximal mechanisms that transfer risks on symptoms are poorly delineated. Information-processing biases, which differentiate youth with and without anxiety and/or depression, could act as proximal mechanisms that mediate more distal risks on symptoms. This article reviews the literature on information-processing biases, their associations with anxiety and depression symptoms in youth and with other distal risk factors, to provide direction for further research. Methods Based on strategic searches of the literature, we consider how youth with and without anxiety and/or depression vary in how they deploy attention to social-affective stimuli, discriminate between threat and safety cues, retain memories of negative events and appraise ambiguous information. We discuss how these information-processing biases are similarly or differentially expressed on anxiety and depression and whether these biases are linked to genetic and environmental factors, temperamental characteristics and patterns of brain circuitry functioning implicated in anxiety and depression. Findings Biases in attention and appraisal characterise both youth anxiety and depression but with some differences in how these are expressed for each symptom type. Difficulties in threat-safety cue discrimination characterise anxiety and are understudied in depression, while biases in the retrieval of negative and overgeneral memories have been observed in depression but are understudied in anxiety. Information-processing biases have been studied in relation to some distal factors but not systematically, so relationships remain inconclusive. Conclusions Biases in attention, threat-safety cue discrimination, memory and appraisal may characterise anxiety and/or depression risk. We discuss future research directions that can more systematically test whether these biases act as proximal mechanisms that mediate other distal risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12653 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Depression as a longitudinal outcome and antecedent of preadolescents'peer relationships and peer-relevant cognition / Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK in Development and Psychopathology, 21-2 (May 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 21-2 (May 2009) . - p.555-577 Titre : Depression as a longitudinal outcome and antecedent of preadolescents'peer relationships and peer-relevant cognition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK, Auteur ; Tracey A. HUNTER, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur ; Rhiarne PRONK, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.555-577 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Using longitudinal data and structural modeling, we investigated bidirectional associations among preadolescents' peer relationships, peer-relevant cognition, and depressive symptoms. Depression was expected to be an outcome and precursor of peer-relevant cognition, and cognition was expected to be an outcome and precursor of being more or less liked by classmates (peer likeability). We also examined whether cognition mediated the association between peer likeability and depression. Participants were 308 students (mean age = 11.0, SD = 0.9) who participated twice during a school year. A third assessment was completed with Grade 5 to 6 students 1 year after the second assessment. The model with bidirectional paths had a good fit to the data, but the most parsimonious model was an “effects” model showing that preadolescents with more depressive symptoms had less positive peer-relevant cognition at later assessments, and that those with more positive peer-relevant cognition were more liked by their peers over time. There were no age differences, some gender differences, and no support for cognition as a moderator of the association between depression and peer likeability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579409000303 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=727 [article] Depression as a longitudinal outcome and antecedent of preadolescents'peer relationships and peer-relevant cognition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK, Auteur ; Tracey A. HUNTER, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur ; Rhiarne PRONK, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.555-577. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 21-2 (May 2009) . - p.555-577 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Using longitudinal data and structural modeling, we investigated bidirectional associations among preadolescents' peer relationships, peer-relevant cognition, and depressive symptoms. Depression was expected to be an outcome and precursor of peer-relevant cognition, and cognition was expected to be an outcome and precursor of being more or less liked by classmates (peer likeability). We also examined whether cognition mediated the association between peer likeability and depression. Participants were 308 students (mean age = 11.0, SD = 0.9) who participated twice during a school year. A third assessment was completed with Grade 5 to 6 students 1 year after the second assessment. The model with bidirectional paths had a good fit to the data, but the most parsimonious model was an “effects” model showing that preadolescents with more depressive symptoms had less positive peer-relevant cognition at later assessments, and that those with more positive peer-relevant cognition were more liked by their peers over time. There were no age differences, some gender differences, and no support for cognition as a moderator of the association between depression and peer likeability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579409000303 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=727

Evaluating differences in Pavlovian fear acquisition and extinction as predictors of outcome from cognitive behavioural therapy for anxious children / Allison M. WATERS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-7 (July 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-7 (July 2016) . - p.869-876 Titre : Evaluating differences in Pavlovian fear acquisition and extinction as predictors of outcome from cognitive behavioural therapy for anxious children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Allison M. WATERS, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.869-876 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  children  conditioning  extinction  treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Extinction is a key theoretical model of exposure-based treatments, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). This study examined whether individual differences in physiological responses and subjective stimulus evaluations as indices of fear extinction predicted response to CBT. Methods Thirty-two nonanxious comparisons and 44 anxious, 7-to-13-year-old children completed a Pavlovian conditioning and extinction task. Anxious children then completed group-based CBT. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) as well as subjective arousal and valence evaluations were measured in response to a conditioned stimulus paired with an aversive tone (CS+) and another conditioned stimulus presented alone (CS?). Both stimuli were presented alone during extinction. Diagnostic and symptom measures were completed before and after treatment. Results Like nonanxious comparisons, treatment responders did not acquire conditioned negative stimulus evaluations and displayed elevated SCRs that declined significantly across extinction trials. Nonresponders, by contrast, showed elevated negative stimulus evaluations of both CSs that were sensitive to extinction trials but showed no change in SCRs during extinction. Change in physiological but not evaluative indices of fear extinction predicted better treatment outcomes. Conclusions Individual differences in evaluative and physiological indices of fear extinction might moderate response to CBT. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12522 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=291 [article] Evaluating differences in Pavlovian fear acquisition and extinction as predictors of outcome from cognitive behavioural therapy for anxious children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Allison M. WATERS, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur . - p.869-876. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-7 (July 2016) . - p.869-876 Mots-clés : Anxiety  children  conditioning  extinction  treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Extinction is a key theoretical model of exposure-based treatments, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). This study examined whether individual differences in physiological responses and subjective stimulus evaluations as indices of fear extinction predicted response to CBT. Methods Thirty-two nonanxious comparisons and 44 anxious, 7-to-13-year-old children completed a Pavlovian conditioning and extinction task. Anxious children then completed group-based CBT. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) as well as subjective arousal and valence evaluations were measured in response to a conditioned stimulus paired with an aversive tone (CS+) and another conditioned stimulus presented alone (CS?). Both stimuli were presented alone during extinction. Diagnostic and symptom measures were completed before and after treatment. Results Like nonanxious comparisons, treatment responders did not acquire conditioned negative stimulus evaluations and displayed elevated SCRs that declined significantly across extinction trials. Nonresponders, by contrast, showed elevated negative stimulus evaluations of both CSs that were sensitive to extinction trials but showed no change in SCRs during extinction. Change in physiological but not evaluative indices of fear extinction predicted better treatment outcomes. Conclusions Individual differences in evaluative and physiological indices of fear extinction might moderate response to CBT. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12522 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=291

Girls’ and boys’ trajectories of appearance anxiety from age 10 to 15 years are associated with earlier maturation and appearance-related teasing / Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK in Development and Psychopathology, 30-1 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.337-350 Titre : Girls’ and boys’ trajectories of appearance anxiety from age 10 to 15 years are associated with earlier maturation and appearance-related teasing Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK, Auteur ; Haley J. WEBB, Auteur ; Lara J. FARRELL, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.337-350 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescents’ appearance-related concerns can provoke increasing emotional, social, and eating-related problems. The aims of this five-wave (2.5-year), multiple-informant longitudinal study were to (a) examine growth trajectories of appearance anxiety symptoms and appearance esteem, (b) identify whether trajectories differed by gender, and (c) examine several launching factors including parent-reported physical maturation, peer-rated physical appearance, body mass index, and appearance teasing by parents and peers. Participants were 387 adolescents (44% boys) aged 10 to 13 years at the first assessment. Steep growth in appearance anxiety symptoms was found for both girls and boys, but there was no average change in appearance esteem. Girls had more elevated appearance anxiety symptoms and lower appearance esteem than boys, girls’ body mass index was associated with symptoms, and earlier physical maturation and teasing about appearance, alone and in combination, were associated with growth in appearance anxiety symptoms for girls and boys. Earlier maturing boys who were highly teased by parents, but even more so when teased by peers, were at utmost risk for elevated appearance anxiety symptoms and increasing symptoms over time. In contrast, all girls exhibited elevated or increasing appearance anxiety symptoms across time, with the exception of girls with the latest maturation who also reported little teasing about their appearance. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000657 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336 [article] Girls’ and boys’ trajectories of appearance anxiety from age 10 to 15 years are associated with earlier maturation and appearance-related teasing [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK, Auteur ; Haley J. WEBB, Auteur ; Lara J. FARRELL, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur . - p.337-350. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.337-350 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescents’ appearance-related concerns can provoke increasing emotional, social, and eating-related problems. The aims of this five-wave (2.5-year), multiple-informant longitudinal study were to (a) examine growth trajectories of appearance anxiety symptoms and appearance esteem, (b) identify whether trajectories differed by gender, and (c) examine several launching factors including parent-reported physical maturation, peer-rated physical appearance, body mass index, and appearance teasing by parents and peers. Participants were 387 adolescents (44% boys) aged 10 to 13 years at the first assessment. Steep growth in appearance anxiety symptoms was found for both girls and boys, but there was no average change in appearance esteem. Girls had more elevated appearance anxiety symptoms and lower appearance esteem than boys, girls’ body mass index was associated with symptoms, and earlier physical maturation and teasing about appearance, alone and in combination, were associated with growth in appearance anxiety symptoms for girls and boys. Earlier maturing boys who were highly teased by parents, but even more so when teased by peers, were at utmost risk for elevated appearance anxiety symptoms and increasing symptoms over time. In contrast, all girls exhibited elevated or increasing appearance anxiety symptoms across time, with the exception of girls with the latest maturation who also reported little teasing about their appearance. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000657 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336

Risk factors and temporal patterns of disordered eating differ in adolescent boys and girls: Testing gender-specific appearance anxiety models / Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK in Development and Psychopathology, 33-3 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 33-3 (August 2021) . - p.856-867 Titre : Risk factors and temporal patterns of disordered eating differ in adolescent boys and girls: Testing gender-specific appearance anxiety models Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK, Auteur ; Haley J. WEBB, Auteur ; Jessica KERIN, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur ; Lara J. FARRELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.856-867 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : appearance  body dysmorphic symptoms  body image  disordered eating  eating disorders  peer victimization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescent dieting and disordered eating (DE) are risks for clinical eating disorders. In this five-wave longitudinal study, we tested gender-specific models linking early risk factors to temporal patterns of DE, considering appearance anxiety as a mediator. Participants were 384 Australian students (age 10 to 13; 45% boys) who reported their purging and skipping meals, experience with appearance-related teasing, media pressure, and appearance anxiety. Parents reported pubertal maturation and height/weight was measured. Gender differences in temporal patterns of DE were found and predictive models were tested using latent-variable growth curve and path models. Boys’ DE was generally stable over time; girls showed stability in purging but an average increase in skipping meals. Peer teasing, media pressure, and pubertal maturation were associated with more elevated initial DE in girls, and pubertal maturation was associated with a steeper increase in DE. For boys, body mass index had a direct positive association with DE. Appearance anxiety was associated with more DE, but there was only one significant indirect effect via anxiety, which was for boys’ pubertal maturation. Findings support the dominant role of social interactions and messages, as well as pubertal maturation, for girls’ DE and the prominence of physical risk factors for explaining boys’ DE. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420000188 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457 [article] Risk factors and temporal patterns of disordered eating differ in adolescent boys and girls: Testing gender-specific appearance anxiety models [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie J. ZIMMER-GEMBECK, Auteur ; Haley J. WEBB, Auteur ; Jessica KERIN, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur ; Lara J. FARRELL, Auteur . - p.856-867. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 33-3 (August 2021) . - p.856-867 Mots-clés : appearance  body dysmorphic symptoms  body image  disordered eating  eating disorders  peer victimization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescent dieting and disordered eating (DE) are risks for clinical eating disorders. In this five-wave longitudinal study, we tested gender-specific models linking early risk factors to temporal patterns of DE, considering appearance anxiety as a mediator. Participants were 384 Australian students (age 10 to 13; 45% boys) who reported their purging and skipping meals, experience with appearance-related teasing, media pressure, and appearance anxiety. Parents reported pubertal maturation and height/weight was measured. Gender differences in temporal patterns of DE were found and predictive models were tested using latent-variable growth curve and path models. Boys’ DE was generally stable over time; girls showed stability in purging but an average increase in skipping meals. Peer teasing, media pressure, and pubertal maturation were associated with more elevated initial DE in girls, and pubertal maturation was associated with a steeper increase in DE. For boys, body mass index had a direct positive association with DE. Appearance anxiety was associated with more DE, but there was only one significant indirect effect via anxiety, which was for boys’ pubertal maturation. Findings support the dominant role of social interactions and messages, as well as pubertal maturation, for girls’ DE and the prominence of physical risk factors for explaining boys’ DE. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420000188 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457

---

1 (1 - 5 / 5)