Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Kate JOHNSTON in Autism Research, 6-4 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 6-4 (August 2013) . - p.225-236 Titre : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Antonia DITTNER, Auteur ; Jessica BRAMHAM, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Anya KNIGHT, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.225-236 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  attention  adults  neuropsychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Features of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and impairments on neuropsychological, tests of attention have been documented in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). To date, there has been a lack of research comparing attention in adults with ASD and adults with ADHD. In study 1, 31 adults with ASD and average intellectual function completed self-report measures of ADHD symptoms. These were compared with self-report measures of ADHD symptoms in 38 adults with ADHD and 29 general population controls. In study 2, 28 adults with a diagnosis of ASD were compared with an age- and intelligence quotient-matched sample of 28 adults with ADHD across a range of measures of attention. Study 1 showed that 36.7% of adults with ASD met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV criteria for current ADHD “caseness” (Barkley Current self-report scores questionnaire). Those with a diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified were most likely to describe ADHD symptoms. The ASD group differed significantly from both the ADHD and control groups on total and individual symptom self-report scores. On neuropsychological testing, adults with ASD and ADHD showed comparable performance on tests of selective attention. Significant group differences were seen on measures of attentional switching; adults with ADHD were significantly faster and more inaccurate, and individuals with Asperger's syndrome showed a significantly slower and more accurate response style. Self-reported rates of ADHD among adults with ASD are significantly higher than in the general adult population and may be underdiagnosed. Adults with ASD have attentional difficulties on some neuropsychological measures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1283 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 [article] Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders [texte imprimé] / Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Antonia DITTNER, Auteur ; Jessica BRAMHAM, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Anya KNIGHT, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.225-236. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 6-4 (August 2013) . - p.225-236 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  attention  adults  neuropsychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Features of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and impairments on neuropsychological, tests of attention have been documented in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). To date, there has been a lack of research comparing attention in adults with ASD and adults with ADHD. In study 1, 31 adults with ASD and average intellectual function completed self-report measures of ADHD symptoms. These were compared with self-report measures of ADHD symptoms in 38 adults with ADHD and 29 general population controls. In study 2, 28 adults with a diagnosis of ASD were compared with an age- and intelligence quotient-matched sample of 28 adults with ADHD across a range of measures of attention. Study 1 showed that 36.7% of adults with ASD met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV criteria for current ADHD “caseness” (Barkley Current self-report scores questionnaire). Those with a diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified were most likely to describe ADHD symptoms. The ASD group differed significantly from both the ADHD and control groups on total and individual symptom self-report scores. On neuropsychological testing, adults with ASD and ADHD showed comparable performance on tests of selective attention. Significant group differences were seen on measures of attentional switching; adults with ADHD were significantly faster and more inaccurate, and individuals with Asperger's syndrome showed a significantly slower and more accurate response style. Self-reported rates of ADHD among adults with ASD are significantly higher than in the general adult population and may be underdiagnosed. Adults with ASD have attentional difficulties on some neuropsychological measures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1283 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212

Dialectical Behavior Therapy / Ermione NEOPHYTOU ; Kate JOHNSTON ; Debbie SPAIN ; Francisco M. MUSICH ; Susan W. WHITE

Public ISBD in Psychological Therapies for Adults with Autism / Debbie SPAIN Titre : Dialectical Behavior Therapy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ermione NEOPHYTOU, Auteur ; Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Francisco M. MUSICH, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Importance : p.148-164 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : AUT-E AUT-E - L'Autisme - Accompagnement et Qualité de Vie Résumé : Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is an intensive intervention primarily aimed at reducing risk behavior and addressing underlying emotional and interpersonal difficulties. Following its demonstrated utility in addressing a wide range of target risk behaviors, there has been an emerging focus on establishing adaptations of the therapy to widen its range to different age groups and those with neurodevelopmental differences. Despite autistic individuals experiencing high rates of risk behavior (including self harm, suicidality, and aggression, there is an absence of effective intervention to address these risks. This chapter discusses the rationale for employing a DBT approach when addressing risk with autistic individuals, outlines relevant empirical evidence for its potential utility with this client group, and highlights key therapeutic considerations and adaptations. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=528 in Psychological Therapies for Adults with Autism / Debbie SPAIN Dialectical Behavior Therapy [texte imprimé] / Ermione NEOPHYTOU, Auteur ; Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Francisco M. MUSICH, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.148-164. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : AUT-E AUT-E - L'Autisme - Accompagnement et Qualité de Vie Résumé : Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is an intensive intervention primarily aimed at reducing risk behavior and addressing underlying emotional and interpersonal difficulties. Following its demonstrated utility in addressing a wide range of target risk behaviors, there has been an emerging focus on establishing adaptations of the therapy to widen its range to different age groups and those with neurodevelopmental differences. Despite autistic individuals experiencing high rates of risk behavior (including self harm, suicidality, and aggression, there is an absence of effective intervention to address these risks. This chapter discusses the rationale for employing a DBT approach when addressing risk with autistic individuals, outlines relevant empirical evidence for its potential utility with this client group, and highlights key therapeutic considerations and adaptations. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=528

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Executive Function: Cognition and Behaviour in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) / Kate JOHNSTON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-10 (October 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-10 (October 2019) . - p.4181-4192 Titre : Executive Function: Cognition and Behaviour in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; K. MURRAY, Auteur ; D. SPAIN, Auteur ; I. WALKER, Auteur ; A. RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4181-4192 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism spectrum disorder  Dysexecutive syndrome  Executive function  Neuropsychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies of executive function (EF) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have reported mixed findings. Possible confounds include EF domain assessed and co-occurring neurodevelopmental diagnoses. EF task performance across multiple domains and everyday function of autistic adults (n = 110) was significantly different to age- and IQ-matched controls (n = 31). Although significantly more likely to fall into the clinically impaired range, 35.8% of the ASD group showed no impairment on EF measures. Factor analysis revealed a single unifying EF construct rather than a selective pattern of impairment. Dysexecutive behaviours were frequently reported in the ASD group, unrelated to Autism symptoms, EF task performance or co-occurring conditions. This study suggests autistic adults can experience clinically significant executive function difficulties and co-occuring dysexecutive behaviours that are disabling in everyday life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04133-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=407 [article] Executive Function: Cognition and Behaviour in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) [texte imprimé] / Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; K. MURRAY, Auteur ; D. SPAIN, Auteur ; I. WALKER, Auteur ; A. RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.4181-4192. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-10 (October 2019) . - p.4181-4192 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism spectrum disorder  Dysexecutive syndrome  Executive function  Neuropsychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies of executive function (EF) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have reported mixed findings. Possible confounds include EF domain assessed and co-occurring neurodevelopmental diagnoses. EF task performance across multiple domains and everyday function of autistic adults (n = 110) was significantly different to age- and IQ-matched controls (n = 31). Although significantly more likely to fall into the clinically impaired range, 35.8% of the ASD group showed no impairment on EF measures. Factor analysis revealed a single unifying EF construct rather than a selective pattern of impairment. Dysexecutive behaviours were frequently reported in the ASD group, unrelated to Autism symptoms, EF task performance or co-occurring conditions. This study suggests autistic adults can experience clinically significant executive function difficulties and co-occuring dysexecutive behaviours that are disabling in everyday life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04133-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=407

Facing Your Fears in autistic youth with co-occurring psychiatric conditions: Reductions in symptoms of anxiety and depression / K. TURNER ; Kate JOHNSTON ; C. A. CLARK ; Stephanie J. HOWE ; M. MCCONNELL ; K. MCFEE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 117 (September 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 117 (September 2024) . - p.102463 Titre : Facing Your Fears in autistic youth with co-occurring psychiatric conditions: Reductions in symptoms of anxiety and depression Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K. TURNER, Auteur ; Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; C. A. CLARK, Auteur ; Stephanie J. HOWE, Auteur ; M. MCCONNELL, Auteur ; K. MCFEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.102463 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Anxiety  Depression  Cognitive behaviour therapy  Psychiatric complexity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic youth often experience psychiatric complexity, with up to 70 % of youth experiencing at least one mental health issue, and as many as 41 % experiencing two or more issues simultaneously, or complex psychiatric comorbidity. Adapted cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for anxiety is effective in reducing anxiety symptoms in autistic youth who have multiple anxiety conditions, as well as other psychiatric conditions (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHD). However, few studies have examined the secondary impact of CBT for anxiety on depressive symptoms, despite the high prevalence of depression in autistic youth. Additionally, it is unknown how psychiatric complexity may impact, or moderate, autistic youth?s response to treatment. Fifty-one autistic youth (8-13 years old) participated in an adapted CBT intervention for anxiety (Facing Your Fears). Participants were categorized into one of three groups of increasing psychiatric complexity (Anxiety only; Anxiety + ADHD; and Anxiety + other mental health conditions). Paired sample t-tests and linear mixed models highlighted that autistic youth generally benefitted from CBT for anxiety, as seen in reductions of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Caregivers of youth in all diagnostic groups reported a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms and depression at post-treatment; however, only youth in the Anxiety only group, or those with less psychiatric complexity, reported a reduction in anxiety. Autistic youth did not report any changes in depressive symptoms, regardless of psychiatric complexity. Further study is needed to determine if symptom reductions continue overtime, and whether participating in adapted CBT for anxiety is associated with reductions in other mental health symptoms. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102463 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=534 [article] Facing Your Fears in autistic youth with co-occurring psychiatric conditions: Reductions in symptoms of anxiety and depression [texte imprimé] / K. TURNER, Auteur ; Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; C. A. CLARK, Auteur ; Stephanie J. HOWE, Auteur ; M. MCCONNELL, Auteur ; K. MCFEE, Auteur . - p.102463. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 117 (September 2024) . - p.102463 Mots-clés : Autism  Anxiety  Depression  Cognitive behaviour therapy  Psychiatric complexity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic youth often experience psychiatric complexity, with up to 70 % of youth experiencing at least one mental health issue, and as many as 41 % experiencing two or more issues simultaneously, or complex psychiatric comorbidity. Adapted cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for anxiety is effective in reducing anxiety symptoms in autistic youth who have multiple anxiety conditions, as well as other psychiatric conditions (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHD). However, few studies have examined the secondary impact of CBT for anxiety on depressive symptoms, despite the high prevalence of depression in autistic youth. Additionally, it is unknown how psychiatric complexity may impact, or moderate, autistic youth?s response to treatment. Fifty-one autistic youth (8-13 years old) participated in an adapted CBT intervention for anxiety (Facing Your Fears). Participants were categorized into one of three groups of increasing psychiatric complexity (Anxiety only; Anxiety + ADHD; and Anxiety + other mental health conditions). Paired sample t-tests and linear mixed models highlighted that autistic youth generally benefitted from CBT for anxiety, as seen in reductions of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Caregivers of youth in all diagnostic groups reported a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms and depression at post-treatment; however, only youth in the Anxiety only group, or those with less psychiatric complexity, reported a reduction in anxiety. Autistic youth did not report any changes in depressive symptoms, regardless of psychiatric complexity. Further study is needed to determine if symptom reductions continue overtime, and whether participating in adapted CBT for anxiety is associated with reductions in other mental health symptoms. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102463 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=534

A new test of advanced theory of mind: The “Strange Stories Film Task” captures social processing differences in adults with autism spectrum disorders / Kim MURRAY in Autism Research, 10-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-6 (June 2017) . - p.1120-1132 Titre : A new test of advanced theory of mind: The “Strange Stories Film Task” captures social processing differences in adults with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kim MURRAY, Auteur ; Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Helen CUNNANE, Auteur ; Charlotte KERR, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1120-1132 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  adults  advanced theory of mind  social cognition  empathy  mentalising  alexithymia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Real-life social processing abilities of adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be hard to capture in lab-based experimental tasks. A novel measure of social cognition, the “Strange Stories Film task’ (SSFt), was designed to overcome limitations of available measures in the field. Brief films were made based on the scenarios from the Strange Stories task (Happé) and designed to capture the subtle social-cognitive difficulties observed in ASD adults. Twenty neurotypical adults were recruited to pilot the new measure. A final test set was produced and administered to a group of 20 adults with ASD and 20 matched controls, alongside established social cognition tasks and questionnaire measures of empathy, alexithymia and ASD traits. The SSFt was more effective than existing measures at differentiating the ASD group from the control group. In the ASD group, the SSFt was associated with the Strange Stories task. The SSFt is a potentially useful tool to identify social cognitive dis/abilities in ASD, with preliminary evidence of adequate convergent validity. Future research directions are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1744 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309 [article] A new test of advanced theory of mind: The “Strange Stories Film Task” captures social processing differences in adults with autism spectrum disorders [texte imprimé] / Kim MURRAY, Auteur ; Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Helen CUNNANE, Auteur ; Charlotte KERR, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.1120-1132. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-6 (June 2017) . - p.1120-1132 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  adults  advanced theory of mind  social cognition  empathy  mentalising  alexithymia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Real-life social processing abilities of adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be hard to capture in lab-based experimental tasks. A novel measure of social cognition, the “Strange Stories Film task’ (SSFt), was designed to overcome limitations of available measures in the field. Brief films were made based on the scenarios from the Strange Stories task (Happé) and designed to capture the subtle social-cognitive difficulties observed in ASD adults. Twenty neurotypical adults were recruited to pilot the new measure. A final test set was produced and administered to a group of 20 adults with ASD and 20 matched controls, alongside established social cognition tasks and questionnaire measures of empathy, alexithymia and ASD traits. The SSFt was more effective than existing measures at differentiating the ASD group from the control group. In the ASD group, the SSFt was associated with the Strange Stories task. The SSFt is a potentially useful tool to identify social cognitive dis/abilities in ASD, with preliminary evidence of adequate convergent validity. Future research directions are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1744 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309

The mental health of individuals referred for assessment of autism spectrum disorder in adulthood: A clinic report / Ailsa J RUSSELL in Autism, 20-5 (July 2016)  

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