Dépouillements

Language is a critical mediator of autistic experiences within the criminal justice system / Inge-Marie EIGSTI ; Tammie SPAULDING ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2240-2246 Titre : Language is a critical mediator of autistic experiences within the criminal justice system Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Tammie SPAULDING, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2240-2246 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by social communication challenges and restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests, but also by highly heterogeneous language skills. The recent International Society of Autism Research (INSAR) policy statement, Autism and the Criminal Justice System: Policy opportunities and challenges (INSAR, 2022), aims to prevent, reduce, and improve interactions between autistic individuals and the criminal justice system. This policy statement provides a foundation for considering how to include language in these important aims. In this commentary, we outline the centrality of language skills to these interactions and provide specific recommendations that can inform future research and provide guidance for autistic individuals, community partners, and individuals working within the criminal justice system. Considering language as a part of justice system policy for autistic individuals will result in greater equity and inclusion, particularly for autistic individuals with co-occurring language deficits and those who are linguistically diverse. Moreover, it will allow autistic individuals to combat other barriers to effectively navigating interactions with the criminal justice system, such as those related to the core features of autism. We advocate for a greater role for service providers who can assess challenges in language skills, and identify the specific accommodations each autistic individual will need to prevent, reduce, and improve interactions with the criminal justice system. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3039 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Language is a critical mediator of autistic experiences within the criminal justice system [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Tammie SPAULDING, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur . - p.2240-2246. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2240-2246 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by social communication challenges and restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests, but also by highly heterogeneous language skills. The recent International Society of Autism Research (INSAR) policy statement, Autism and the Criminal Justice System: Policy opportunities and challenges (INSAR, 2022), aims to prevent, reduce, and improve interactions between autistic individuals and the criminal justice system. This policy statement provides a foundation for considering how to include language in these important aims. In this commentary, we outline the centrality of language skills to these interactions and provide specific recommendations that can inform future research and provide guidance for autistic individuals, community partners, and individuals working within the criminal justice system. Considering language as a part of justice system policy for autistic individuals will result in greater equity and inclusion, particularly for autistic individuals with co-occurring language deficits and those who are linguistically diverse. Moreover, it will allow autistic individuals to combat other barriers to effectively navigating interactions with the criminal justice system, such as those related to the core features of autism. We advocate for a greater role for service providers who can assess challenges in language skills, and identify the specific accommodations each autistic individual will need to prevent, reduce, and improve interactions with the criminal justice system. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3039 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Distinct neurocognitive profiles and clinical phenotypes associated with copy number variation at the 22q11.2 locus / Leila KUSHAN-WELLS ; Charles H. SCHLEIFER ; Shayne CRUZ ; Gil D. HOFTMAN ; Maria JALBRZIKOWSKI ; Raquel E. GUR ; Ruben C. GUR ; Carrie E. BEARDEN in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2247-2262 Titre : Distinct neurocognitive profiles and clinical phenotypes associated with copy number variation at the 22q11.2 locus Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leila KUSHAN-WELLS, Auteur ; Charles H. SCHLEIFER, Auteur ; Shayne CRUZ, Auteur ; Gil D. HOFTMAN, Auteur ; Maria JALBRZIKOWSKI, Auteur ; Raquel E. GUR, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2247-2262 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Rare genetic variants that confer large effects on neurodevelopment and behavioral phenotypes can reveal novel gene-brain-behavior relationships relevant to autism. Copy number variation at the 22q11.2 locus offer one compelling example, as both the 22q11.2 deletion (22qDel) and duplication (22qDup) confer increased likelihood of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and cognitive deficits, but only 22qDel confers increased psychosis risk. Here, we used the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (Penn-CNB) to characterized neurocognitive profiles of 126 individuals: 55 22qDel carriers (MAge = 19.2?years, 49.1% male), 30 22qDup carriers (MAge = 17.3?years, 53.3% male), and 41 typically developing (TD) subjects (MAge = 17.3?years, 39.0% male). We performed linear mixed models to assess group differences in overall neurocognitive profiles, domain scores, and individual test scores. We found all three groups exhibited distinct overall neurocognitive profiles. 22qDel and 22qDup carriers showed significant accuracy deficits across all domains relative to controls (episodic memory, executive function, complex cognition, social cognition, and sensorimotor speed), with 22qDel carriers exhibiting more severe accuracy deficits, particularly in episodic memory. However, 22qDup carriers generally showed greater slowing than 22qDel carriers. Notably, slower social cognition speed was uniquely associated with increased global psychopathology and poorer psychosocial functioning in 22qDup. Compared to TD, 22q11.2 copy number variants (CNV) carriers failed to show age-associated improvements in multiple cognitive domains. Exploratory analyses revealed 22q11.2 CNV carriers with ASD exhibited differential neurocognitive profiles, based on 22q11.2 copy number. These results suggest that there are distinct neurocognitive profiles associated with either a loss or gain of genomic material at the 22q11.2 locus. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3049 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Distinct neurocognitive profiles and clinical phenotypes associated with copy number variation at the 22q11.2 locus [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leila KUSHAN-WELLS, Auteur ; Charles H. SCHLEIFER, Auteur ; Shayne CRUZ, Auteur ; Gil D. HOFTMAN, Auteur ; Maria JALBRZIKOWSKI, Auteur ; Raquel E. GUR, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur . - p.2247-2262. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2247-2262 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Rare genetic variants that confer large effects on neurodevelopment and behavioral phenotypes can reveal novel gene-brain-behavior relationships relevant to autism. Copy number variation at the 22q11.2 locus offer one compelling example, as both the 22q11.2 deletion (22qDel) and duplication (22qDup) confer increased likelihood of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and cognitive deficits, but only 22qDel confers increased psychosis risk. Here, we used the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (Penn-CNB) to characterized neurocognitive profiles of 126 individuals: 55 22qDel carriers (MAge = 19.2?years, 49.1% male), 30 22qDup carriers (MAge = 17.3?years, 53.3% male), and 41 typically developing (TD) subjects (MAge = 17.3?years, 39.0% male). We performed linear mixed models to assess group differences in overall neurocognitive profiles, domain scores, and individual test scores. We found all three groups exhibited distinct overall neurocognitive profiles. 22qDel and 22qDup carriers showed significant accuracy deficits across all domains relative to controls (episodic memory, executive function, complex cognition, social cognition, and sensorimotor speed), with 22qDel carriers exhibiting more severe accuracy deficits, particularly in episodic memory. However, 22qDup carriers generally showed greater slowing than 22qDel carriers. Notably, slower social cognition speed was uniquely associated with increased global psychopathology and poorer psychosocial functioning in 22qDup. Compared to TD, 22q11.2 copy number variants (CNV) carriers failed to show age-associated improvements in multiple cognitive domains. Exploratory analyses revealed 22q11.2 CNV carriers with ASD exhibited differential neurocognitive profiles, based on 22q11.2 copy number. These results suggest that there are distinct neurocognitive profiles associated with either a loss or gain of genomic material at the 22q11.2 locus. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3049 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Decreased functional concordance in male children with autism spectrum disorder / Sha WANG ; Zaifa XUE ; Jing LIU ; Xiaoxia NIU ; Le GAO ; Xiaonan GUO in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2263-2274 Titre : Decreased functional concordance in male children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sha WANG, Auteur ; Zaifa XUE, Auteur ; Jing LIU, Auteur ; Xiaoxia NIU, Auteur ; Le GAO, Auteur ; Xiaonan GUO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2263-2274 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental condition with altered function of the brain. At present, a variety of functional metrics from neuroimaging techniques have been used to explore ASD neurological mechanisms. However, the concordance of these functional metrics in ASD is still unclear. This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, which were obtained from the open-access Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange database, including 105 children with ASD and 102 demographically matched typically developing (TD) children. Both voxel-wise and volume-wise functional concordance were calculated by combining the dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, dynamic regional homogeneity, and dynamic global signal correlation. Furthermore, a two-sample t-test was performed to compare the functional concordance between ASD and TD groups. Finally, the relationship between voxel-wise functional concordance and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule subscores was analyzed using the multivariate support vector regression in the ASD group. Compared with the TD group, we found that ASD showed decreased voxel-wise functional concordance in the left superior temporal pole (STGp), right amygdala, and left opercular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFGoper). Moreover, decreased functional concordance was associated with restricted and repetitive behaviors in ASD. Our results found altered brain function in the left STGp, right amygdala, and left IFGoper in ASD by functional concordance, indicating that functional concordance may provide new insights into the neurological mechanisms of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3035 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Decreased functional concordance in male children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sha WANG, Auteur ; Zaifa XUE, Auteur ; Jing LIU, Auteur ; Xiaoxia NIU, Auteur ; Le GAO, Auteur ; Xiaonan GUO, Auteur . - p.2263-2274. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2263-2274 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental condition with altered function of the brain. At present, a variety of functional metrics from neuroimaging techniques have been used to explore ASD neurological mechanisms. However, the concordance of these functional metrics in ASD is still unclear. This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, which were obtained from the open-access Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange database, including 105 children with ASD and 102 demographically matched typically developing (TD) children. Both voxel-wise and volume-wise functional concordance were calculated by combining the dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, dynamic regional homogeneity, and dynamic global signal correlation. Furthermore, a two-sample t-test was performed to compare the functional concordance between ASD and TD groups. Finally, the relationship between voxel-wise functional concordance and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule subscores was analyzed using the multivariate support vector regression in the ASD group. Compared with the TD group, we found that ASD showed decreased voxel-wise functional concordance in the left superior temporal pole (STGp), right amygdala, and left opercular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFGoper). Moreover, decreased functional concordance was associated with restricted and repetitive behaviors in ASD. Our results found altered brain function in the left STGp, right amygdala, and left IFGoper in ASD by functional concordance, indicating that functional concordance may provide new insights into the neurological mechanisms of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3035 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Heterogeneity of dynamic synergetic configurations of salience network in children with autism spectrum disorder / Guangjin ZHAI ; Junfeng LIU ; Xia ZHANG ; Tao ZHANG ; Dong CUI ; Rongjuan ZHOU ; Le GAO in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2275-2290 Titre : Heterogeneity of dynamic synergetic configurations of salience network in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Guangjin ZHAI, Auteur ; Junfeng LIU, Auteur ; Xia ZHANG, Auteur ; Tao ZHANG, Auteur ; Dong CUI, Auteur ; Rongjuan ZHOU, Auteur ; Le GAO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2275-2290 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Atypical functional connectivity (FC) patterns have been identified in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), especially within salience network (SN) and between SN and default mode network (DMN) and central executive network (CEN). But whether the dynamic configuration of intra-SN and inter-SN (SN with DMN and CEN) FC in ASD is also heterogeneous remains unknown. Based on the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 105 ASD and 102 typically-developing controls (TC), we calculated the time-varying FC of intra-SN and inter-SN (SN with DMN and CEN). Then, the joint recurrence features for the time-varying FC were calculated to assess how the SN dynamically recruits different configurations of network segregation and integration in ASD, that is, synergies, from the dynamical systems perspective. We analyzed the differences in synergetic patterns between ASD subtypes obtained by k-means clustering algorithm based on the synergy of SN and TC, and investigated the relationships between synergy of SN and severity of clinical symptoms of ASD for ASD subtypes. Two ASD subtypes were revealed, where the synergy of SN in ASD subtype 1 has lower stability and periodicity compared to the TC, and ASD subtype 2 exhibits the opposite alteration. Synergy of SN for ASD subtype 1 and 2 was found to predict the severity of communication impairments and restricted and repetitive behaviors in ASD, respectively. These results suggest the existence of subtypes with distinct patterns of the synergy of SN in ASD, and provide insight into the complex pathophysiological mechanism of clinical manifestations of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3037 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Heterogeneity of dynamic synergetic configurations of salience network in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Guangjin ZHAI, Auteur ; Junfeng LIU, Auteur ; Xia ZHANG, Auteur ; Tao ZHANG, Auteur ; Dong CUI, Auteur ; Rongjuan ZHOU, Auteur ; Le GAO, Auteur . - p.2275-2290. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2275-2290 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Atypical functional connectivity (FC) patterns have been identified in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), especially within salience network (SN) and between SN and default mode network (DMN) and central executive network (CEN). But whether the dynamic configuration of intra-SN and inter-SN (SN with DMN and CEN) FC in ASD is also heterogeneous remains unknown. Based on the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 105 ASD and 102 typically-developing controls (TC), we calculated the time-varying FC of intra-SN and inter-SN (SN with DMN and CEN). Then, the joint recurrence features for the time-varying FC were calculated to assess how the SN dynamically recruits different configurations of network segregation and integration in ASD, that is, synergies, from the dynamical systems perspective. We analyzed the differences in synergetic patterns between ASD subtypes obtained by k-means clustering algorithm based on the synergy of SN and TC, and investigated the relationships between synergy of SN and severity of clinical symptoms of ASD for ASD subtypes. Two ASD subtypes were revealed, where the synergy of SN in ASD subtype 1 has lower stability and periodicity compared to the TC, and ASD subtype 2 exhibits the opposite alteration. Synergy of SN for ASD subtype 1 and 2 was found to predict the severity of communication impairments and restricted and repetitive behaviors in ASD, respectively. These results suggest the existence of subtypes with distinct patterns of the synergy of SN in ASD, and provide insight into the complex pathophysiological mechanism of clinical manifestations of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3037 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Development and validation of an Arabic language eye-tracking paradigm for the early screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in Qatar / Iman GHAZAL ; I. Richard THOMPSON ; Eric W. KLINGEMIER ; Mohammed ALDOSARI ; Hawraa AL-SHAMMARI ; Fatema AL-FARAJ ; Saba EL-HAG ; Mohamed TOLEFAT ; Mogahed ALI ; Bisher NASIR ; Thomas W. FRAZIER in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2291-2301 Titre : Development and validation of an Arabic language eye-tracking paradigm for the early screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in Qatar Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Iman GHAZAL, Auteur ; I. Richard THOMPSON, Auteur ; Eric W. KLINGEMIER, Auteur ; Mohammed ALDOSARI, Auteur ; Hawraa AL-SHAMMARI, Auteur ; Fatema AL-FARAJ, Auteur ; Saba EL-HAG, Auteur ; Mohamed TOLEFAT, Auteur ; Mogahed ALI, Auteur ; Bisher NASIR, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2291-2301 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Abnormal eye gaze is a hallmark characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary aim of the present research was to develop an Arabic version of an objective measure of ASD, the "autism index" (AI), based on eye gaze tracking to social and nonsocial stimuli validated initially in the United States. The initial phase of this study included the translation of English language eye-tracking stimuli into stimuli appropriate for an Arabic-speaking culture. During the second phase, we tested it on a total of 144 children with ASD, and 96 controls. The AI had excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Moreover, the AI showed good differentiation of ASD from control cases (AUC = 0.730, SE = 0.035). The AI was significantly positively correlated with SCQ total raw scores (r = 0.46, p<0.001). ADOS-2 scores were only available in the ASD group and did not show a significant relationship with AI scores (r = 0.10, p = 0.348), likely due to the restricted range. The AI, when implemented using Arabic-translated stimuli in a Qatari sample, showed good diagnostic differentiation and a strong correlation with parent-reported ASD symptoms. Thus, the AI appears to have cross-cultural validity and may be useful as a diagnostic aide to inform clinical judgment and track ASD symptom levels as part of the evaluation process. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3046 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Development and validation of an Arabic language eye-tracking paradigm for the early screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in Qatar [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Iman GHAZAL, Auteur ; I. Richard THOMPSON, Auteur ; Eric W. KLINGEMIER, Auteur ; Mohammed ALDOSARI, Auteur ; Hawraa AL-SHAMMARI, Auteur ; Fatema AL-FARAJ, Auteur ; Saba EL-HAG, Auteur ; Mohamed TOLEFAT, Auteur ; Mogahed ALI, Auteur ; Bisher NASIR, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur . - p.2291-2301. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2291-2301 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Abnormal eye gaze is a hallmark characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary aim of the present research was to develop an Arabic version of an objective measure of ASD, the "autism index" (AI), based on eye gaze tracking to social and nonsocial stimuli validated initially in the United States. The initial phase of this study included the translation of English language eye-tracking stimuli into stimuli appropriate for an Arabic-speaking culture. During the second phase, we tested it on a total of 144 children with ASD, and 96 controls. The AI had excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Moreover, the AI showed good differentiation of ASD from control cases (AUC = 0.730, SE = 0.035). The AI was significantly positively correlated with SCQ total raw scores (r = 0.46, p<0.001). ADOS-2 scores were only available in the ASD group and did not show a significant relationship with AI scores (r = 0.10, p = 0.348), likely due to the restricted range. The AI, when implemented using Arabic-translated stimuli in a Qatari sample, showed good diagnostic differentiation and a strong correlation with parent-reported ASD symptoms. Thus, the AI appears to have cross-cultural validity and may be useful as a diagnostic aide to inform clinical judgment and track ASD symptom levels as part of the evaluation process. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3046 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in autism spectrum disorder; a systematic review and meta-analysis / Yanin THIPAKORN ; Chavit TUNVIRACHAISAKUL ; Michael MAES in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2302-2315 Titre : The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in autism spectrum disorder; a systematic review and meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yanin THIPAKORN, Auteur ; Chavit TUNVIRACHAISAKUL, Auteur ; Michael MAES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2302-2315 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social communication and interaction, as well as rigid and unchanging interests and behaviors. Several studies have reported that activated immune-inflammatory and nitro-oxidative pathways are accompanied by depletion of plasma tryptophan (TRP), increased competing amino acid (CAAs) levels, and activation of the TRP catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze data on peripheral TRP, CAAs, TRYCAT pathway activity, and individual TRYCATs, including kynurenine (KYN) and kynurenic acid (KA) levels, in the blood and urine of ASD patients. After extensively searching PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciFinder, a total of 25 full-text papers were included in the analysis, with a total of 6653 participants (3557 people with ASD and 3096 healthy controls). Our results indicate that blood TRP and the TRP/CAAs ratio were not significantly different between ASD patients and controls (standardized mean difference, SMD = ?0.227, 95% confidence interval, CI: ?0.540; 0.085, and SMD = 0.158, 95% CI: ?0.042; 0.359), respectively. The KYN/TRP ratio showed no significant difference between ASD and controls (SMD = 0.001, 95% CI: ?0.169; 0.171). Blood KYN and KA levels were not significantly changed in ASD. Moreover, there were no significant differences in urine TRP, KYN, and KA levels between ASD and controls. We could not establish increases in neurotoxic TRYCATs in ASD. In conclusion, this study demonstrates no abnormalities in peripheral blood TRP metabolism, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase enzyme (IDO) activity, or TRYCAT production in ASD. Reduced TRP availability and elevated neurotoxic TRYCAT levels are not substantial contributors to ASD's pathophysiology. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3044 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in autism spectrum disorder; a systematic review and meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yanin THIPAKORN, Auteur ; Chavit TUNVIRACHAISAKUL, Auteur ; Michael MAES, Auteur . - p.2302-2315. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2302-2315 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social communication and interaction, as well as rigid and unchanging interests and behaviors. Several studies have reported that activated immune-inflammatory and nitro-oxidative pathways are accompanied by depletion of plasma tryptophan (TRP), increased competing amino acid (CAAs) levels, and activation of the TRP catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze data on peripheral TRP, CAAs, TRYCAT pathway activity, and individual TRYCATs, including kynurenine (KYN) and kynurenic acid (KA) levels, in the blood and urine of ASD patients. After extensively searching PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciFinder, a total of 25 full-text papers were included in the analysis, with a total of 6653 participants (3557 people with ASD and 3096 healthy controls). Our results indicate that blood TRP and the TRP/CAAs ratio were not significantly different between ASD patients and controls (standardized mean difference, SMD = ?0.227, 95% confidence interval, CI: ?0.540; 0.085, and SMD = 0.158, 95% CI: ?0.042; 0.359), respectively. The KYN/TRP ratio showed no significant difference between ASD and controls (SMD = 0.001, 95% CI: ?0.169; 0.171). Blood KYN and KA levels were not significantly changed in ASD. Moreover, there were no significant differences in urine TRP, KYN, and KA levels between ASD and controls. We could not establish increases in neurotoxic TRYCATs in ASD. In conclusion, this study demonstrates no abnormalities in peripheral blood TRP metabolism, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase enzyme (IDO) activity, or TRYCAT production in ASD. Reduced TRP availability and elevated neurotoxic TRYCAT levels are not substantial contributors to ASD's pathophysiology. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3044 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Corneal structural alterations in autism spectrum disorder: An in vivo confocal microscopy study / Po-Ying WU ; Jo-Hsuan WU ; Wei-Lun HUANG ; Chia-Chieh HSIAO ; Yi-Ting HSIEH ; Ting CHENG ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU ; Wei-Li CHEN in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2316-2325 Titre : Corneal structural alterations in autism spectrum disorder: An in vivo confocal microscopy study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Po-Ying WU, Auteur ; Jo-Hsuan WU, Auteur ; Wei-Lun HUANG, Auteur ; Chia-Chieh HSIAO, Auteur ; Yi-Ting HSIEH, Auteur ; Ting CHENG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur ; Wei-Li CHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2316-2325 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit joint hypermobility and connective tissue disorders. However, it remains unclear if ASD individuals also have structural alterations in the connective tissue of the cornea. This study aims to determine whether the Kobayashi structure (K-structure) characteristics differ between adults with ASD and typically developing controls (TDC) and explore the clinical correlates of the K-structure abnormality. We recruited 30 ASD adults and 35 TDC. Corneal structures, particularly the K-structure in the Bowman's layer, of the participants were examined using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and a K-grading ranging from 1 to 4 was given to each eye based on the level of morphological mosaicism. The ASD participants' eyes received a significantly higher single-eye K-grading than that of the TDC eyes (p<0.001), and the medians [25th, 75th percentile] of bilateral-eye summed K-grading were 8 [7, 8] and 5 [4, 6] in ASD and TDC, respectively (p<0.001). A significantly higher K-grading in the ASD participants' eyes was still observed after adjusting for the within-subject inter-eye correlation (p<0.001). Youden Index showed the optimal cutoffs to differentiate ASD from TDC by bilateral-eye summed K-grading and single-eye K-grading was >6 and?>3, respectively. Additionally, a higher K-grading was associated with fewer visual sensation seeking in ASD (Spearman's correlation coefficient ? = ?0.518, p = 0.008) and low visual registration (i.e., higher sensory threshold) in TDC (? = 0.446, p = 0.023). This study provided novel evidence of corneal structural alterations in ASD by IVCM. Our findings may not only support the prior hypothesis of the association between ASD and connective tissue abnormalities but also shed light on the relationship between connective tissue disorder and neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3050 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Corneal structural alterations in autism spectrum disorder: An in vivo confocal microscopy study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Po-Ying WU, Auteur ; Jo-Hsuan WU, Auteur ; Wei-Lun HUANG, Auteur ; Chia-Chieh HSIAO, Auteur ; Yi-Ting HSIEH, Auteur ; Ting CHENG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur ; Wei-Li CHEN, Auteur . - p.2316-2325. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2316-2325 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit joint hypermobility and connective tissue disorders. However, it remains unclear if ASD individuals also have structural alterations in the connective tissue of the cornea. This study aims to determine whether the Kobayashi structure (K-structure) characteristics differ between adults with ASD and typically developing controls (TDC) and explore the clinical correlates of the K-structure abnormality. We recruited 30 ASD adults and 35 TDC. Corneal structures, particularly the K-structure in the Bowman's layer, of the participants were examined using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and a K-grading ranging from 1 to 4 was given to each eye based on the level of morphological mosaicism. The ASD participants' eyes received a significantly higher single-eye K-grading than that of the TDC eyes (p<0.001), and the medians [25th, 75th percentile] of bilateral-eye summed K-grading were 8 [7, 8] and 5 [4, 6] in ASD and TDC, respectively (p<0.001). A significantly higher K-grading in the ASD participants' eyes was still observed after adjusting for the within-subject inter-eye correlation (p<0.001). Youden Index showed the optimal cutoffs to differentiate ASD from TDC by bilateral-eye summed K-grading and single-eye K-grading was >6 and?>3, respectively. Additionally, a higher K-grading was associated with fewer visual sensation seeking in ASD (Spearman's correlation coefficient ? = ?0.518, p = 0.008) and low visual registration (i.e., higher sensory threshold) in TDC (? = 0.446, p = 0.023). This study provided novel evidence of corneal structural alterations in ASD by IVCM. Our findings may not only support the prior hypothesis of the association between ASD and connective tissue abnormalities but also shed light on the relationship between connective tissue disorder and neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3050 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Characterizing subdomains of insistence on sameness in autistic youth / Luke D. SMILLIE ; Thomas W. FRAZIER ; Antonio Y. HARDAN ; Mirko ULJAREVI? in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2326-2335 Titre : Characterizing subdomains of insistence on sameness in autistic youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luke D. SMILLIE, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVI?, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2326-2335 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Insistence on sameness (IS) encompasses a range of behavioral patterns, including resistance to change, routines, and ritualized behaviors, that can be present across social and non-social contexts. Given the breadth of behaviors encompassed by IS, it is important to determine whether this domain is best conceptualized and measured as uni- or a multi-dimensional construct. Therefore, the current study aimed to characterize the structure of IS and explore potentially distinct of patterns of associations between identified IS factors and relevant correlates, including age, sex, IQ, anxiety, social abilities, emotional and behavioral dysregulation, and sensory hypersensitivity. Exploratory graph analysis was conducted using the dimensional assessment of restricted and repetitive behaviors to examine the structure of IS in a sample 1892 autistic youth (Mage = 10.82, SDage = 4.14; range: 3-18?years; 420 females) recruited from the Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge cohort. Three distinct IS subdomains labeled as IS-Ritualistic/sameness, IS-Routines, and IS-Others (referring to IS behaviors during interactions with others) were identified. Generalized additive models demonstrated that each of the IS subdomains showed a unique pattern of association with key variables. More specifically, while sensory hypersensitivity was significantly associated with IS-Ritualistic/sameness and IS-Routines, it was not associated with IS-Others. Further, while emotional dysregulation was a unique predictor of IS-Ritualistic/sameness (but not IS-Routines or IS-Others), social interaction abilities were a unique predictor of IS-Routines (but not IS-Ritualistic/sameness or IS-Others). Current findings provide preliminary evidence that the IS may encompass several distinct subdomains. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3033 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Characterizing subdomains of insistence on sameness in autistic youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luke D. SMILLIE, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVI?, Auteur . - p.2326-2335. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2326-2335 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Insistence on sameness (IS) encompasses a range of behavioral patterns, including resistance to change, routines, and ritualized behaviors, that can be present across social and non-social contexts. Given the breadth of behaviors encompassed by IS, it is important to determine whether this domain is best conceptualized and measured as uni- or a multi-dimensional construct. Therefore, the current study aimed to characterize the structure of IS and explore potentially distinct of patterns of associations between identified IS factors and relevant correlates, including age, sex, IQ, anxiety, social abilities, emotional and behavioral dysregulation, and sensory hypersensitivity. Exploratory graph analysis was conducted using the dimensional assessment of restricted and repetitive behaviors to examine the structure of IS in a sample 1892 autistic youth (Mage = 10.82, SDage = 4.14; range: 3-18?years; 420 females) recruited from the Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge cohort. Three distinct IS subdomains labeled as IS-Ritualistic/sameness, IS-Routines, and IS-Others (referring to IS behaviors during interactions with others) were identified. Generalized additive models demonstrated that each of the IS subdomains showed a unique pattern of association with key variables. More specifically, while sensory hypersensitivity was significantly associated with IS-Ritualistic/sameness and IS-Routines, it was not associated with IS-Others. Further, while emotional dysregulation was a unique predictor of IS-Ritualistic/sameness (but not IS-Routines or IS-Others), social interaction abilities were a unique predictor of IS-Routines (but not IS-Ritualistic/sameness or IS-Others). Current findings provide preliminary evidence that the IS may encompass several distinct subdomains. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3033 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Poly-victimization of autistic adults: An investigation of individual-level correlates / Jennifer L. HUDSON ; Elizabeth PELLICANO in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2336-2349 Titre : Poly-victimization of autistic adults: An investigation of individual-level correlates Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer L. HUDSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2336-2349 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autistic people experience high rates of violence and victimization which is largely due to structural injustices, including stigma and social attitudes. Identifying and addressing systemic and structural factors is vitally important, however effecting change in embedded social structures is likely to take some time, even with concerted efforts. In the meantime, it is important to understand whether there are other individual-level factors that may assist in developing preventative and protective strategies for autistic people. The current study investigated the role of individual-level risk factors in the victimization of autistic people. Specifically, we examined whether characteristics that are common among autistic people that is, lower social competence, higher compliance and emotion regulation difficulties or more ADHD features (inattention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity) were associated with poly-victimization in a community sample of 228 adults (118 autistic, 110 non-autistic). Our results show that only ADHD features were predictive of poly-victimization once socio-demographic background variables (age, sexual orientation) were adjusted for. Group status was not a significant predictor in the model and there were no interaction effects between any of the characteristics and group status. These findings suggest that, regardless of whether a person is autistic, ADHD features may place individuals at higher risk of experiencing multiple forms of violence in adulthood. Further research using longitudinal designs and larger, diverse samples is needed. Furthermore, the regression model only accounted for about one-third of the variance in poly-victimization which highlights the importance of looking beyond individual-level risk factors to structural and systemic factors that contribute to disproportionate victimization of autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3031 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Poly-victimization of autistic adults: An investigation of individual-level correlates [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer L. HUDSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur . - p.2336-2349. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2336-2349 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autistic people experience high rates of violence and victimization which is largely due to structural injustices, including stigma and social attitudes. Identifying and addressing systemic and structural factors is vitally important, however effecting change in embedded social structures is likely to take some time, even with concerted efforts. In the meantime, it is important to understand whether there are other individual-level factors that may assist in developing preventative and protective strategies for autistic people. The current study investigated the role of individual-level risk factors in the victimization of autistic people. Specifically, we examined whether characteristics that are common among autistic people that is, lower social competence, higher compliance and emotion regulation difficulties or more ADHD features (inattention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity) were associated with poly-victimization in a community sample of 228 adults (118 autistic, 110 non-autistic). Our results show that only ADHD features were predictive of poly-victimization once socio-demographic background variables (age, sexual orientation) were adjusted for. Group status was not a significant predictor in the model and there were no interaction effects between any of the characteristics and group status. These findings suggest that, regardless of whether a person is autistic, ADHD features may place individuals at higher risk of experiencing multiple forms of violence in adulthood. Further research using longitudinal designs and larger, diverse samples is needed. Furthermore, the regression model only accounted for about one-third of the variance in poly-victimization which highlights the importance of looking beyond individual-level risk factors to structural and systemic factors that contribute to disproportionate victimization of autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3031 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Measuring intelligence in Autism and ADHD: Measurement invariance of the-Binet 5th edition and impact of subtest scatter on abbreviated IQ accuracy / Ann LEVINE ; Nicholas C. C. RUSSELL ; John HORACK ; Eric M. BUTTER in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2350-2363 Titre : Measuring intelligence in Autism and ADHD: Measurement invariance of the-Binet 5th edition and impact of subtest scatter on abbreviated IQ accuracy Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ann LEVINE, Auteur ; Nicholas C. C. RUSSELL, Auteur ; John HORACK, Auteur ; Eric M. BUTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2350-2363 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Scatter and heterogeneity in cognitive profiles is thought to be common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which may indicate differences in the construct of IQ. However, less research has investigated IQ scatter in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Scatter is also thought to negatively impact the predictive validity of IQ summary scores, although there is research refuting this notion. Abbreviated IQ tests, such as the Stanford-Binet fifth edition (SB-5) abbreviated battery IQ (ABIQ), may be especially susceptible to the influence of scatter. We tested the measurement invariance of the SB-5 as well as the predictive validity of the ABIQ in predicting FSIQ in 1679 youth (21% female) ages 2-16?years with a clinical diagnosis of ASD or ADHD. Results indicated the SB-5 is measuring IQ the same way in ASD and ADHD. There were no differences between diagnostic groups in scatter between ABIQ (i.e., routing) subtests. Additionally, scatter was not related to dimensional autistic traits. Higher degree of scatter was associated with poorer predictive validity of the ABIQ and a higher likelihood of overestimating FSIQ, regardless of diagnosis. Overall, we found more similarities than differences between the ASD and ADHD groups. Our results show that the SB-5 ABIQ is generally a strong predictor of FSIQ in youth with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the use of the SB-5 ABIQ in research and clinical applications, without consideration of scatter on routing subtests, is potentially problematic. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3034 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Measuring intelligence in Autism and ADHD: Measurement invariance of the-Binet 5th edition and impact of subtest scatter on abbreviated IQ accuracy [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ann LEVINE, Auteur ; Nicholas C. C. RUSSELL, Auteur ; John HORACK, Auteur ; Eric M. BUTTER, Auteur . - p.2350-2363. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2350-2363 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Scatter and heterogeneity in cognitive profiles is thought to be common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which may indicate differences in the construct of IQ. However, less research has investigated IQ scatter in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Scatter is also thought to negatively impact the predictive validity of IQ summary scores, although there is research refuting this notion. Abbreviated IQ tests, such as the Stanford-Binet fifth edition (SB-5) abbreviated battery IQ (ABIQ), may be especially susceptible to the influence of scatter. We tested the measurement invariance of the SB-5 as well as the predictive validity of the ABIQ in predicting FSIQ in 1679 youth (21% female) ages 2-16?years with a clinical diagnosis of ASD or ADHD. Results indicated the SB-5 is measuring IQ the same way in ASD and ADHD. There were no differences between diagnostic groups in scatter between ABIQ (i.e., routing) subtests. Additionally, scatter was not related to dimensional autistic traits. Higher degree of scatter was associated with poorer predictive validity of the ABIQ and a higher likelihood of overestimating FSIQ, regardless of diagnosis. Overall, we found more similarities than differences between the ASD and ADHD groups. Our results show that the SB-5 ABIQ is generally a strong predictor of FSIQ in youth with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the use of the SB-5 ABIQ in research and clinical applications, without consideration of scatter on routing subtests, is potentially problematic. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3034 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in youth with autism: Sex differences and social-emotional correlates / Megha SANTHOSH ; Anna KRESSE ; Elizabeth AYLWARD ; Raphael BERNIER ; Susan BOOKHEIMER ; Shafali JESTE ; Allison JACK ; James C. MCPARTLAND ; Adam NAPLES ; John D. VAN HORN ; Kevin PELPHREY ; Sara Jane WEBB ; ACE GENDAAR NETWORK in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2364-2377 Titre : Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in youth with autism: Sex differences and social-emotional correlates Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Anna KRESSE, Auteur ; Elizabeth AYLWARD, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Susan BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shafali JESTE, Auteur ; Allison JACK, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; Adam NAPLES, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Kevin PELPHREY, Auteur ; Sara Jane WEBB, Auteur ; ACE GENDAAR NETWORK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2364-2377 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In youth broadly, EEG frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) associates with affective style and vulnerability to psychopathology, with relatively stronger right activity predicting risk for internalizing and externalizing behaviors. In autistic youth, FAA has been related to ASD diagnostic features and to internalizing symptoms. Among our large, rigorously characterized, sex-balanced participant group, we attempted to replicate findings suggestive of altered FAA in youth with an ASD diagnosis, examining group differences and impact of sex assigned at birth. Second, we examined relations between FAA and behavioral variables (ASD features, internalizing, and externalizing) within autistic youth, examining effects by sex. Third, we explored whether the relation between FAA, autism features, and mental health was informed by maternal depression history. In our sample, FAA did not differ by diagnosis, age, or sex. However, youth with ASD had lower total frontal alpha power than youth without ASD. For autistic females, FAA and bilateral frontal alpha power correlated with social communication features, but not with internalizing or externalizing symptoms. For autistic males, EEG markers correlated with social communication features, and with externalizing behaviors. Exploratory analyses by sex revealed further associations between youth FAA, behavioral indices, and maternal depression history. In summary, findings suggest that individual differences in FAA may correspond to social-emotional and mental health behaviors, with different patterns of association for females and males with ASD. Longitudinal consideration of individual differences across levels of analysis (e.g., biomarkers, family factors, and environmental influences) will be essential to parsing out models of risk and resilience among autistic youth. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3032 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in youth with autism: Sex differences and social-emotional correlates [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Anna KRESSE, Auteur ; Elizabeth AYLWARD, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Susan BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shafali JESTE, Auteur ; Allison JACK, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; Adam NAPLES, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Kevin PELPHREY, Auteur ; Sara Jane WEBB, Auteur ; ACE GENDAAR NETWORK, Auteur . - p.2364-2377. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2364-2377 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In youth broadly, EEG frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) associates with affective style and vulnerability to psychopathology, with relatively stronger right activity predicting risk for internalizing and externalizing behaviors. In autistic youth, FAA has been related to ASD diagnostic features and to internalizing symptoms. Among our large, rigorously characterized, sex-balanced participant group, we attempted to replicate findings suggestive of altered FAA in youth with an ASD diagnosis, examining group differences and impact of sex assigned at birth. Second, we examined relations between FAA and behavioral variables (ASD features, internalizing, and externalizing) within autistic youth, examining effects by sex. Third, we explored whether the relation between FAA, autism features, and mental health was informed by maternal depression history. In our sample, FAA did not differ by diagnosis, age, or sex. However, youth with ASD had lower total frontal alpha power than youth without ASD. For autistic females, FAA and bilateral frontal alpha power correlated with social communication features, but not with internalizing or externalizing symptoms. For autistic males, EEG markers correlated with social communication features, and with externalizing behaviors. Exploratory analyses by sex revealed further associations between youth FAA, behavioral indices, and maternal depression history. In summary, findings suggest that individual differences in FAA may correspond to social-emotional and mental health behaviors, with different patterns of association for females and males with ASD. Longitudinal consideration of individual differences across levels of analysis (e.g., biomarkers, family factors, and environmental influences) will be essential to parsing out models of risk and resilience among autistic youth. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3032 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Development of emotion comprehension in children with autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome / Yoko HAKUNO ; Kosuke ASADA ; Takahiro IKEDA ; Takanori YAMAGATA ; Masahiro HIRAI in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2378-2390 Titre : Development of emotion comprehension in children with autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yoko HAKUNO, Auteur ; Kosuke ASADA, Auteur ; Takahiro IKEDA, Auteur ; Takanori YAMAGATA, Auteur ; Masahiro HIRAI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2378-2390 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Although research has shed light on the development of emotion comprehension in typically developing children, little is known about emotion comprehension in children who are developing atypically. Thus, this study examined the developmental trajectory of emotion understanding in non-clinical (NC) children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Williams syndrome (WS) using a Test of Emotion Comprehension. In the test, we measured children's understanding of (I) recognition of emotions based on facial expressions, (II) external causes of emotions, (III) desire-based emotions, (IV) belief-based emotions, (V) the influence of a reminder on a present emotional state, (VI) regulating an experienced emotion, (VII) hiding an emotional state, (VIII) mixed emotions, and (IX) moral emotions. A Bayesian modeling approach was applied to compare the developmental trajectories of emotion understanding across the syndrome groups. The results revealed that NC children and children with WS followed significantly different developmental trajectories in specific aspects of emotion understanding, while children with ASD followed a very similar path to NC children. Children with ASD and NC children gradually developed an understanding of each component of emotion comprehension as they matured. However, the understanding of some components, such as desire-based emotions, hiding an emotional state, and moral emotions, in children with WS was affected by their Autism Spectrum Quotient scores. This is one of the first cross-syndrome studies to assess the development of emotion comprehension in children with ASD and WS, providing important insights for understanding the nature of disability and advancing the development of intervention programs. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3053 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Development of emotion comprehension in children with autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yoko HAKUNO, Auteur ; Kosuke ASADA, Auteur ; Takahiro IKEDA, Auteur ; Takanori YAMAGATA, Auteur ; Masahiro HIRAI, Auteur . - p.2378-2390. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2378-2390 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Although research has shed light on the development of emotion comprehension in typically developing children, little is known about emotion comprehension in children who are developing atypically. Thus, this study examined the developmental trajectory of emotion understanding in non-clinical (NC) children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Williams syndrome (WS) using a Test of Emotion Comprehension. In the test, we measured children's understanding of (I) recognition of emotions based on facial expressions, (II) external causes of emotions, (III) desire-based emotions, (IV) belief-based emotions, (V) the influence of a reminder on a present emotional state, (VI) regulating an experienced emotion, (VII) hiding an emotional state, (VIII) mixed emotions, and (IX) moral emotions. A Bayesian modeling approach was applied to compare the developmental trajectories of emotion understanding across the syndrome groups. The results revealed that NC children and children with WS followed significantly different developmental trajectories in specific aspects of emotion understanding, while children with ASD followed a very similar path to NC children. Children with ASD and NC children gradually developed an understanding of each component of emotion comprehension as they matured. However, the understanding of some components, such as desire-based emotions, hiding an emotional state, and moral emotions, in children with WS was affected by their Autism Spectrum Quotient scores. This is one of the first cross-syndrome studies to assess the development of emotion comprehension in children with ASD and WS, providing important insights for understanding the nature of disability and advancing the development of intervention programs. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3053 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Sex differences in the age of childhood autism diagnosis and the impact of co-occurring conditions / Geraldine DAWSON ; Matthew ENGELHARD in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2391-2402 Titre : Sex differences in the age of childhood autism diagnosis and the impact of co-occurring conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; Matthew ENGELHARD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2391-2402 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Sex differences in the age of autism diagnosis during childhood have been documented consistently but remain poorly understood. In this study, we used electronic health records data from a diverse, academic medical center to quantify differences in the age of autism diagnosis between boys and girls and identify associations between the age of diagnosis and co-occurring neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and medical conditions. An established computable phenotype was used to identify all autism diagnoses within the Duke University Health System between 2014 and 2021. Co-occurring neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses as well as visits to specific medical and supportive services were identified in the 2?years prior to the autism diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to quantify associations between diagnosis age and sex with and without controlling for the presence of each co-occurring diagnosis and visit type. Records from 1438 individuals (1142 boys and 296 girls) were included. Girls were more likely to be diagnosed either before age 3 (?2 = 497.720, p<0.001) or after age 11 (?2 = 4.014, p = 0.047), whereas boys were more likely to be diagnosed between ages 3 and 11 (?2 = 5.532, p = 0.019). Visits for anxiety (?2 = 4.200, p = 0.040) and mood disorders (?2 = 7.033, p = 0.008) were more common in girls and associated with later autism diagnosis (HR = 0.615, p<0.001; and HR = 0.493, p<0.001). Visits for otolaryngology were more common in boys and associated with an earlier autism diagnosis (HR = 1.691, p<0.001). After controlling for these conditions, associations between sex and diagnosis age were reduced and not statistically significant. These results show that the age of autism diagnosis differs in girls compared to boys, but these differences were neutralized when controlling for co-occurring neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions prior to autism diagnosis. Understanding sex differences and the possible mediating role of other diagnoses may suggest targets for intervention to promote earlier and more equitable diagnosis. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3043 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Sex differences in the age of childhood autism diagnosis and the impact of co-occurring conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; Matthew ENGELHARD, Auteur . - p.2391-2402. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2391-2402 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Sex differences in the age of autism diagnosis during childhood have been documented consistently but remain poorly understood. In this study, we used electronic health records data from a diverse, academic medical center to quantify differences in the age of autism diagnosis between boys and girls and identify associations between the age of diagnosis and co-occurring neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and medical conditions. An established computable phenotype was used to identify all autism diagnoses within the Duke University Health System between 2014 and 2021. Co-occurring neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses as well as visits to specific medical and supportive services were identified in the 2?years prior to the autism diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to quantify associations between diagnosis age and sex with and without controlling for the presence of each co-occurring diagnosis and visit type. Records from 1438 individuals (1142 boys and 296 girls) were included. Girls were more likely to be diagnosed either before age 3 (?2 = 497.720, p<0.001) or after age 11 (?2 = 4.014, p = 0.047), whereas boys were more likely to be diagnosed between ages 3 and 11 (?2 = 5.532, p = 0.019). Visits for anxiety (?2 = 4.200, p = 0.040) and mood disorders (?2 = 7.033, p = 0.008) were more common in girls and associated with later autism diagnosis (HR = 0.615, p<0.001; and HR = 0.493, p<0.001). Visits for otolaryngology were more common in boys and associated with an earlier autism diagnosis (HR = 1.691, p<0.001). After controlling for these conditions, associations between sex and diagnosis age were reduced and not statistically significant. These results show that the age of autism diagnosis differs in girls compared to boys, but these differences were neutralized when controlling for co-occurring neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions prior to autism diagnosis. Understanding sex differences and the possible mediating role of other diagnoses may suggest targets for intervention to promote earlier and more equitable diagnosis. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3043 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences and autism in Scottish primary schools 2018-2022 / Marion RUTHERFORD ; Lorna JOHNSTON ; Anusua Singh ROY in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2403-2414 Titre : Prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences and autism in Scottish primary schools 2018-2022 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marion RUTHERFORD, Auteur ; Lorna JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Anusua Singh ROY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2403-2414 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract This study investigated the prevalence of neurodevelopmental needs among children in primary schools in Scotland. Two groups were identified: autistic learners and a larger group of learners who had neurodevelopmental differences. These differences encompassed any need for additional support in various domains, including communication, interaction, emotional regulation, coordination, movement, and cognition. A two-phase process was employed, drawing on data from a cross-sectional study followed by a secondary analysis of a population census. In the first phase, a random sample of 688 children with additional support needs from 22 schools participated. Demographics, support characteristics, and neurodevelopmental needs were identified. Results revealed that 76.89% of children with additional support needs exhibited a need type consistent with a neurodevelopmental difference. In the second phase, data from the Scottish Government Annual Pupil Census, covering all state-provided primary school children between 2018 and 2022, were analyzed. Modeling was conducted using data from the first phase to estimate prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences. Data on autism were directly extracted from the census. Analysis revealed an increase in the prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences and autism. The prevalence of autism rose by 31.98%, with 2.60% of primary school children identified as autistic in 2022. Similarly, the prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences increased by 10.57%, with 16.22% of primary school children exhibiting such differences in 2022. Across 32 localities, regional variations in prevalence were observed. These findings show the substantial number of neurodivergent children within Scottish primary schools and emphasize the need for a neurodevelopmentally informed approach to inclusive education. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3063 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences and autism in Scottish primary schools 2018-2022 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marion RUTHERFORD, Auteur ; Lorna JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Anusua Singh ROY, Auteur . - p.2403-2414. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2403-2414 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract This study investigated the prevalence of neurodevelopmental needs among children in primary schools in Scotland. Two groups were identified: autistic learners and a larger group of learners who had neurodevelopmental differences. These differences encompassed any need for additional support in various domains, including communication, interaction, emotional regulation, coordination, movement, and cognition. A two-phase process was employed, drawing on data from a cross-sectional study followed by a secondary analysis of a population census. In the first phase, a random sample of 688 children with additional support needs from 22 schools participated. Demographics, support characteristics, and neurodevelopmental needs were identified. Results revealed that 76.89% of children with additional support needs exhibited a need type consistent with a neurodevelopmental difference. In the second phase, data from the Scottish Government Annual Pupil Census, covering all state-provided primary school children between 2018 and 2022, were analyzed. Modeling was conducted using data from the first phase to estimate prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences. Data on autism were directly extracted from the census. Analysis revealed an increase in the prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences and autism. The prevalence of autism rose by 31.98%, with 2.60% of primary school children identified as autistic in 2022. Similarly, the prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences increased by 10.57%, with 16.22% of primary school children exhibiting such differences in 2022. Across 32 localities, regional variations in prevalence were observed. These findings show the substantial number of neurodivergent children within Scottish primary schools and emphasize the need for a neurodevelopmentally informed approach to inclusive education. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3063 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Clinical utility of the standardized observation tool Autism Behavior Coding System for early intervention research in autism spectrum disorder / Marianne NOTTER ; Olga LAZARI ; Klaus SCHMECK ; Evelyn HERBRECHT in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2415-2431 Titre : Clinical utility of the standardized observation tool Autism Behavior Coding System for early intervention research in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marianne NOTTER, Auteur ; Olga LAZARI, Auteur ; Klaus SCHMECK, Auteur ; Evelyn HERBRECHT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2415-2431 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The Autism Behavior Coding System (ABCS) was developed to help evaluating the effectiveness of early intensive interventions in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The video-based ABCS assesses eight core autistic behavioral variables during therapist-child interaction using standardized quantitative criteria, four behaviors according to their frequency of occurrence, four according to their duration. The present study focuses (1) on the correspondence of ABCS scores with scores on two standard clinical instruments (the ADOS-2 and an ASD-adaptation of the Children's Global Assessment Scale, DD-CGAS), (2) on the sensitivity to change of ABCS scores by the end of an intensive 18?days intervention period (EIP) and (c) on the predictability of short- and longer-term changes in social and repetitive behaviors from ABCS scores at baseline and EIP. Data from 51 children (42 M, 9 F; median age 45?months) followed over 1?year were available. There were significant correlations at baseline between several ABCS scores and ADOS-2 as well as DD-CGAS scores. Correlations at EIP between some ABCS and DD-CGAS scores were highly significant. Four ABCS scores reflected significant changes from baseline to EIP. Several baseline ABCS scores were predictive of DD-CGAS and ADOS-2 scores at EIP and Year 1. However, associations between ABCS score changes from baseline to EIP and the clinical scale changes by Year 1 were not significant. It is concluded that several ABCS scores have adequate clinical validity and sensitivity to change. The short-term changes in ABCS scores and their relationship to longer-term clinical changes need further study. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3047 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=519 [article] Clinical utility of the standardized observation tool Autism Behavior Coding System for early intervention research in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marianne NOTTER, Auteur ; Olga LAZARI, Auteur ; Klaus SCHMECK, Auteur ; Evelyn HERBRECHT, Auteur . - p.2415-2431. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2415-2431 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The Autism Behavior Coding System (ABCS) was developed to help evaluating the effectiveness of early intensive interventions in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The video-based ABCS assesses eight core autistic behavioral variables during therapist-child interaction using standardized quantitative criteria, four behaviors according to their frequency of occurrence, four according to their duration. The present study focuses (1) on the correspondence of ABCS scores with scores on two standard clinical instruments (the ADOS-2 and an ASD-adaptation of the Children's Global Assessment Scale, DD-CGAS), (2) on the sensitivity to change of ABCS scores by the end of an intensive 18?days intervention period (EIP) and (c) on the predictability of short- and longer-term changes in social and repetitive behaviors from ABCS scores at baseline and EIP. Data from 51 children (42 M, 9 F; median age 45?months) followed over 1?year were available. There were significant correlations at baseline between several ABCS scores and ADOS-2 as well as DD-CGAS scores. Correlations at EIP between some ABCS and DD-CGAS scores were highly significant. Four ABCS scores reflected significant changes from baseline to EIP. Several baseline ABCS scores were predictive of DD-CGAS and ADOS-2 scores at EIP and Year 1. However, associations between ABCS score changes from baseline to EIP and the clinical scale changes by Year 1 were not significant. It is concluded that several ABCS scores have adequate clinical validity and sensitivity to change. The short-term changes in ABCS scores and their relationship to longer-term clinical changes need further study. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3047 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=519