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The sexual health, orientation, and activity of autistic adolescents and adults / E. WEIR in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)
[article]
Titre : The sexual health, orientation, and activity of autistic adolescents and adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. WEIR, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2342-2354 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/epidemiology Bisexuality Child Female Heterosexuality Humans Male Sexual Behavior Sexual Health adolescents adults sexual activity sexual orientation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Small studies suggest significant differences between autistic and nonautistic individuals regarding sexual orientation and behavior. We administered an anonymized, online survey to n = 2386 adults (n = 1183 autistic) aged 16-90?years to describe sexual activity, risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and sexual orientation. Autistic individuals are less likely to report sexually activity or heterosexuality compared to nonautistic individuals, but more likely to self-report asexuality or an 'other' sexuality. Overall, autistic, and nonautistic groups did not differ in age of sexual activity onset or contraction of STIs. When evaluating sex differences, autistic males are uniquely more likely to be bisexual (compared to nonautistic males); conversely, autistic females are uniquely more likely to be homosexual (compared to nonautistic females). Thus, both autistic males and females may express a wider range of sexual orientations in different sex-specific patterns than general population peers. When comparing autistic males and females directly, females are more likely to have diverse sexual orientations (except for homosexuality) and engage in sexual activity, are less likely to identify as heterosexual, and have a lower mean age at which they first begin engaging in sexual activity. This is the largest study of sexual orientation of autistic adults. Sexual education and sexual health screenings of all children, adolescents, and adults (including autistic individuals) must remain priorities; healthcare professionals should use language that affirms a diversity of sexual orientations and supports autistic individuals who may have increased risks (affecting mental health, physical health, and healthcare quality) due to stress and discrimination from this intersectionality. LAY SUMMARY: This is the largest study on the sexual activity, orientation, and health of autistic adults. This study reaffirms that the majority of autistic adults are interested in sexual relationships and engage in sexual activity. Sexual education and sexual health screenings must remain a priority for all individuals, including those with autism; healthcare professionals should be aware that autistic patients may be more likely to identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Asexual, and other identities not listed here (LGBTQA+) which may put them at greater risk of mental and physical health difficulties due to discrimination. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2604 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450
in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2342-2354[article] The sexual health, orientation, and activity of autistic adolescents and adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. WEIR, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - p.2342-2354.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2342-2354
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/epidemiology Bisexuality Child Female Heterosexuality Humans Male Sexual Behavior Sexual Health adolescents adults sexual activity sexual orientation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Small studies suggest significant differences between autistic and nonautistic individuals regarding sexual orientation and behavior. We administered an anonymized, online survey to n = 2386 adults (n = 1183 autistic) aged 16-90?years to describe sexual activity, risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and sexual orientation. Autistic individuals are less likely to report sexually activity or heterosexuality compared to nonautistic individuals, but more likely to self-report asexuality or an 'other' sexuality. Overall, autistic, and nonautistic groups did not differ in age of sexual activity onset or contraction of STIs. When evaluating sex differences, autistic males are uniquely more likely to be bisexual (compared to nonautistic males); conversely, autistic females are uniquely more likely to be homosexual (compared to nonautistic females). Thus, both autistic males and females may express a wider range of sexual orientations in different sex-specific patterns than general population peers. When comparing autistic males and females directly, females are more likely to have diverse sexual orientations (except for homosexuality) and engage in sexual activity, are less likely to identify as heterosexual, and have a lower mean age at which they first begin engaging in sexual activity. This is the largest study of sexual orientation of autistic adults. Sexual education and sexual health screenings of all children, adolescents, and adults (including autistic individuals) must remain priorities; healthcare professionals should use language that affirms a diversity of sexual orientations and supports autistic individuals who may have increased risks (affecting mental health, physical health, and healthcare quality) due to stress and discrimination from this intersectionality. LAY SUMMARY: This is the largest study on the sexual activity, orientation, and health of autistic adults. This study reaffirms that the majority of autistic adults are interested in sexual relationships and engage in sexual activity. Sexual education and sexual health screenings must remain a priority for all individuals, including those with autism; healthcare professionals should be aware that autistic patients may be more likely to identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Asexual, and other identities not listed here (LGBTQA+) which may put them at greater risk of mental and physical health difficulties due to discrimination. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2604 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 Gender identity and sexual orientation in autism spectrum disorder / R. GEORGE in Autism, 22-8 (November 2018)
[article]
Titre : Gender identity and sexual orientation in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. GEORGE, Auteur ; M. A. STOKES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.970-982 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : and transgender autism spectrum disorder bisexual gay gender identity gender-dysphoria heterosexuality homosexuality lesbian sexual orientation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical impressions indicate that there is an overrepresentation of gender-dysphoria within the autism spectrum disorder. However, little is presently known about the demographics of gender-identity issues in autism spectrum disorder. Based upon what little is known, we hypothesized that there would be an increased prevalence of gender-dysphoria among those with autism spectrum disorder compared to a typically developing population. We surveyed gender-dysphoria with the Gender-Identity/Gender-Dysphoria Questionnaire among 90 males and 219 females with autism spectrum disorder and compared these rates to those of 103 males and 158 females without autism spectrum disorder. When compared to typically developing individuals, autistic individuals reported a higher number of gender-dysphoric traits. Rates of gender-dysphoria in the group with autism spectrum disorder were significantly higher than reported in the wider population. Mediation analysis found that the relationship between autistic traits and sexual orientation was mediated by gender-dysphoric traits. Results suggest that autism spectrum disorder presents a unique experience to the formation and consolidation of gender identity, and for some autistic individuals, their sexual orientation relates to their gender experience. It is important that clinicians working with autism spectrum disorder are aware of the gender-diversity in this population so that the necessary support for healthy socio-sexual functioning and mental well-being is provided. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317714587 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370
in Autism > 22-8 (November 2018) . - p.970-982[article] Gender identity and sexual orientation in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. GEORGE, Auteur ; M. A. STOKES, Auteur . - p.970-982.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 22-8 (November 2018) . - p.970-982
Mots-clés : and transgender autism spectrum disorder bisexual gay gender identity gender-dysphoria heterosexuality homosexuality lesbian sexual orientation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical impressions indicate that there is an overrepresentation of gender-dysphoria within the autism spectrum disorder. However, little is presently known about the demographics of gender-identity issues in autism spectrum disorder. Based upon what little is known, we hypothesized that there would be an increased prevalence of gender-dysphoria among those with autism spectrum disorder compared to a typically developing population. We surveyed gender-dysphoria with the Gender-Identity/Gender-Dysphoria Questionnaire among 90 males and 219 females with autism spectrum disorder and compared these rates to those of 103 males and 158 females without autism spectrum disorder. When compared to typically developing individuals, autistic individuals reported a higher number of gender-dysphoric traits. Rates of gender-dysphoria in the group with autism spectrum disorder were significantly higher than reported in the wider population. Mediation analysis found that the relationship between autistic traits and sexual orientation was mediated by gender-dysphoric traits. Results suggest that autism spectrum disorder presents a unique experience to the formation and consolidation of gender identity, and for some autistic individuals, their sexual orientation relates to their gender experience. It is important that clinicians working with autism spectrum disorder are aware of the gender-diversity in this population so that the necessary support for healthy socio-sexual functioning and mental well-being is provided. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317714587 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370 Sexual orientation and adolescent suicide attempt and self-harm: a co-twin control study / L. M. O'REILLY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-7 (July 2021)
[article]
Titre : Sexual orientation and adolescent suicide attempt and self-harm: a co-twin control study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. M. O'REILLY, Auteur ; E. PETTERSSON, Auteur ; K. DONAHUE, Auteur ; P. D. QUINN, Auteur ; E. D. KLONSKY, Auteur ; S. LUNDSTRÖM, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; B. M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.834-841 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Female Heterosexuality Humans Male Self-Injurious Behavior Sexual Behavior Suicidal Ideation Suicide, Attempted Sexual behavior suicidal behavior twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Research has demonstrated that individuals who identify as a sexual minority (e.g., gay/lesbian, bisexual) are at increased risk for suicidality-related outcomes. However, previous research is primarily limited by the lack of adjustment for unmeasured (i.e., genetic and environmental) confounding factors and previous psychopathology. METHODS: Using the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden, we employed a co-twin control design to examine the extent to which the association between sexual orientation and adolescent suicide attempt and self-harm (SA/SH) was independent of genetic and environmental factors shared by twins, as well as measured symptoms of childhood psychopathology. RESULTS: Adolescents who identified as a sexual minority (i.e., gay/lesbian, bisexual, or other sexual orientation) were at two-fold increased odds for SA/SH (OR, 2.01 [95% confidence interval, 1.63-2.49) compared to heterosexual adolescents. When adjusting for all genetic and shared environmental factors that make twins similar and for measured childhood psychopathology, the association remained positive but attenuated to OR, 1.55 (1.11-2.16). CONCLUSIONS: Identifying as a sexual minority was associated with approximately 50% increased odds of SA/SH in adolescence after adjusting for unmeasured genetic and environmental factors shared by twins and for childhood psychopathology. The results support that environmental factors specifically associated with identifying as a sexual minority likely increase risk for SA/SH. Our findings highlight the need to monitor suicidality risk among this group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13325 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-7 (July 2021) . - p.834-841[article] Sexual orientation and adolescent suicide attempt and self-harm: a co-twin control study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. M. O'REILLY, Auteur ; E. PETTERSSON, Auteur ; K. DONAHUE, Auteur ; P. D. QUINN, Auteur ; E. D. KLONSKY, Auteur ; S. LUNDSTRÖM, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; B. M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur . - p.834-841.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-7 (July 2021) . - p.834-841
Mots-clés : Adolescent Female Heterosexuality Humans Male Self-Injurious Behavior Sexual Behavior Suicidal Ideation Suicide, Attempted Sexual behavior suicidal behavior twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Research has demonstrated that individuals who identify as a sexual minority (e.g., gay/lesbian, bisexual) are at increased risk for suicidality-related outcomes. However, previous research is primarily limited by the lack of adjustment for unmeasured (i.e., genetic and environmental) confounding factors and previous psychopathology. METHODS: Using the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden, we employed a co-twin control design to examine the extent to which the association between sexual orientation and adolescent suicide attempt and self-harm (SA/SH) was independent of genetic and environmental factors shared by twins, as well as measured symptoms of childhood psychopathology. RESULTS: Adolescents who identified as a sexual minority (i.e., gay/lesbian, bisexual, or other sexual orientation) were at two-fold increased odds for SA/SH (OR, 2.01 [95% confidence interval, 1.63-2.49) compared to heterosexual adolescents. When adjusting for all genetic and shared environmental factors that make twins similar and for measured childhood psychopathology, the association remained positive but attenuated to OR, 1.55 (1.11-2.16). CONCLUSIONS: Identifying as a sexual minority was associated with approximately 50% increased odds of SA/SH in adolescence after adjusting for unmeasured genetic and environmental factors shared by twins and for childhood psychopathology. The results support that environmental factors specifically associated with identifying as a sexual minority likely increase risk for SA/SH. Our findings highlight the need to monitor suicidality risk among this group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13325 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456