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The association between toddlerhood empathy deficits and antisocial personality disorder symptoms and psychopathy in adulthood / Soo Hyun RHEE in Development and Psychopathology, 33-1 (February 2021)
[article]
Titre : The association between toddlerhood empathy deficits and antisocial personality disorder symptoms and psychopathy in adulthood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Soo Hyun RHEE, Auteur ; Kerri WOODWARD, Auteur ; Robin P. CORLEY, Auteur ; Alta DU PONT, Auteur ; Naomi P FRIEDMAN, Auteur ; John K HEWITT, Auteur ; Laura K HINK, Auteur ; JoAnn ROBINSON, Auteur ; Carolyn ZAHN-WAXLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.173-183 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : antisocial personality disorder empathy deficits psychopathy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study examined empathy deficits in toddlerhood (age 14 to 36 months) as predictors of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) symptoms and psychopathy measured by the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy scale (Levenson, Kiehl, & Fitzpatrick, 1995) in adulthood (age 23 years) in 956 individuals from the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study. Consistent with the hypothesis that antisocial behavior is associated with "active" rather than "passive" empathy deficits, early disregard for others, not lack of concern for others, predicted later ASPD symptoms. Early disregard for others was also significantly associated with factor 1 of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, which includes items assessing interpersonal and affective deficits, but not with factor 2, which includes items assessing impulsivity and poor behavioral control. The association between early disregard for others and psychopathy factor 2 was near zero after controlling for the shared variance between psychopathy factors 1 and 2. These results suggest that there is a propensity toward adulthood ASPD symptoms and psychopathy factor 1 that can be assessed early in development, which may help identify individuals most at risk for stable antisocial outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.173-183[article] The association between toddlerhood empathy deficits and antisocial personality disorder symptoms and psychopathy in adulthood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Soo Hyun RHEE, Auteur ; Kerri WOODWARD, Auteur ; Robin P. CORLEY, Auteur ; Alta DU PONT, Auteur ; Naomi P FRIEDMAN, Auteur ; John K HEWITT, Auteur ; Laura K HINK, Auteur ; JoAnn ROBINSON, Auteur ; Carolyn ZAHN-WAXLER, Auteur . - p.173-183.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.173-183
Mots-clés : antisocial personality disorder empathy deficits psychopathy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study examined empathy deficits in toddlerhood (age 14 to 36 months) as predictors of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) symptoms and psychopathy measured by the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy scale (Levenson, Kiehl, & Fitzpatrick, 1995) in adulthood (age 23 years) in 956 individuals from the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study. Consistent with the hypothesis that antisocial behavior is associated with "active" rather than "passive" empathy deficits, early disregard for others, not lack of concern for others, predicted later ASPD symptoms. Early disregard for others was also significantly associated with factor 1 of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, which includes items assessing interpersonal and affective deficits, but not with factor 2, which includes items assessing impulsivity and poor behavioral control. The association between early disregard for others and psychopathy factor 2 was near zero after controlling for the shared variance between psychopathy factors 1 and 2. These results suggest that there is a propensity toward adulthood ASPD symptoms and psychopathy factor 1 that can be assessed early in development, which may help identify individuals most at risk for stable antisocial outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 Using Functional Communication Training to Reduce Self-Injurious Behavior for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Maryam ALAKHZAMI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-8 (August 2022)
[article]
Titre : Using Functional Communication Training to Reduce Self-Injurious Behavior for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maryam ALAKHZAMI, Auteur ; Morgan CHITIYO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3586-3597 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Antisocial Personality Disorder Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy Child Communication Humans Reinforcement, Psychology Self-Injurious Behavior/prevention & control Autism Demand fading Functional communication training Resurgence Self-injurious behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have a high risk of developing self-injurious behavior (SIB), which is often a result of deficits in communication skills. The use of functional communication training (FCT) to address SIB maintained by negative reinforcement among children with ASD is supported by an emerging trend of behavioral research. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of FCT on the SIB of children with ASD and to find out if the results would be maintained during periods of nonreinforcement. The results indicated significant reduction in SIB for all three participants and maintained for over two weeks following the withdrawal of the intervention. However, resurgence of SIB occurred when extinction was implemented for all participants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05246-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=485
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-8 (August 2022) . - p.3586-3597[article] Using Functional Communication Training to Reduce Self-Injurious Behavior for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maryam ALAKHZAMI, Auteur ; Morgan CHITIYO, Auteur . - p.3586-3597.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-8 (August 2022) . - p.3586-3597
Mots-clés : Antisocial Personality Disorder Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy Child Communication Humans Reinforcement, Psychology Self-Injurious Behavior/prevention & control Autism Demand fading Functional communication training Resurgence Self-injurious behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have a high risk of developing self-injurious behavior (SIB), which is often a result of deficits in communication skills. The use of functional communication training (FCT) to address SIB maintained by negative reinforcement among children with ASD is supported by an emerging trend of behavioral research. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of FCT on the SIB of children with ASD and to find out if the results would be maintained during periods of nonreinforcement. The results indicated significant reduction in SIB for all three participants and maintained for over two weeks following the withdrawal of the intervention. However, resurgence of SIB occurred when extinction was implemented for all participants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05246-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=485