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Competition enhances mentalizing performance in autism / Heidi CHANG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 22 (February 2016)
[article]
Titre : Competition enhances mentalizing performance in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Heidi CHANG, Auteur ; Him CHEUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.45-54 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Theory of mind Mentalizing False belief Competition Social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examines the independent effects of competition, engagement, and reward on false belief performance in children with autism. Twenty-eight 8- to 15-year-olds (mean age = 12 years) with autism were tested on a modified version of the Sally–Anne task and the Dot–Midge task in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2 we recruited thirty 8- to 16-year-olds (mean age = 12 years) with autism who were tested on the Dot–Midge task and two further versions of the Sally–Anne task comprising a reward and a reward + engagement component, respectively. Comparing the children’s performances on these tasks therefore sheds light on the relative importance of competition, engagement, and reward in their application of false belief knowledge. Nonverbal intelligence and vocabulary were also measured as covariates. The participants performed significantly better on the Dot–Midge task than all the different versions of the Sally–Anne task in the two experiments, whereas the different versions of the Sally–Anne task did not differ among themselves. The effect of task did not interact with the covariates. This result suggests a unique role of competition in the use of false beliefs in children with autism, complementing the work by Peterson, Slaughter, Peterson, and Premack (2013) which highlights the importance of social motivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2015.11.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=278
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 22 (February 2016) . - p.45-54[article] Competition enhances mentalizing performance in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Heidi CHANG, Auteur ; Him CHEUNG, Auteur . - p.45-54.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 22 (February 2016) . - p.45-54
Mots-clés : Autism Theory of mind Mentalizing False belief Competition Social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examines the independent effects of competition, engagement, and reward on false belief performance in children with autism. Twenty-eight 8- to 15-year-olds (mean age = 12 years) with autism were tested on a modified version of the Sally–Anne task and the Dot–Midge task in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2 we recruited thirty 8- to 16-year-olds (mean age = 12 years) with autism who were tested on the Dot–Midge task and two further versions of the Sally–Anne task comprising a reward and a reward + engagement component, respectively. Comparing the children’s performances on these tasks therefore sheds light on the relative importance of competition, engagement, and reward in their application of false belief knowledge. Nonverbal intelligence and vocabulary were also measured as covariates. The participants performed significantly better on the Dot–Midge task than all the different versions of the Sally–Anne task in the two experiments, whereas the different versions of the Sally–Anne task did not differ among themselves. The effect of task did not interact with the covariates. This result suggests a unique role of competition in the use of false beliefs in children with autism, complementing the work by Peterson, Slaughter, Peterson, and Premack (2013) which highlights the importance of social motivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2015.11.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=278 Associations between cooperation, reactive aggression and social impairments among boys with autism spectrum disorder / Miia KAARTINEN in Autism, 23-1 (January 2019)
[article]
Titre : Associations between cooperation, reactive aggression and social impairments among boys with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Miia KAARTINEN, Auteur ; K. PUURA, Auteur ; P. PISPA, Auteur ; M. HELMINEN, Auteur ; R. SALMELIN, Auteur ; E. PELKONEN, Auteur ; P. JUUJARVI, Auteur ; E. B. KESSLER, Auteur ; D. H. SKUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.154-166 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism severity autism spectrum disorder cooperation reactive aggression gender-differences children oxytocin behavior adolescents evolution competition prevalence trust Psychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Cooperation is a fundamental human ability that seems to be inversely related to aggressive behaviour in typical development. However, there is no knowledge whether similar association holds for children with autism spectrum disorder. A total of 27 boys with autism spectrum disorder and their gender, age and total score intelligence matched controls were studied in order to determine associations between cooperation, reactive aggression and autism spectrum disorder-related social impairments. The participants performed a modified version of the Prisoner's Dilemma task and the Pulkkinen Aggression Machine which measure dimensions of trust, trustworthiness and self-sacrifice in predisposition to cooperate, and inhibition of reactive aggression in the absence and presence of situational cues, respectively. Autism spectrum disorder severity-related Autism Diagnostic Interview-algorithm scores were ascertained by interviewing the parents of the participants with a semi-structured parental interview (Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview). The results showed that albeit the boys with autism spectrum disorder were able to engage in reciprocation and cooperation regardless of their social impairments, their cooperativeness was positively associated with lower levels of reactive aggression and older age. Thus, strengthening inhibition mechanisms that regulate reactive aggression might make boys with autism spectrum disorder more likely to prefer mutual gain over self-interest in cooperation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317726417 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=379
in Autism > 23-1 (January 2019) . - p.154-166[article] Associations between cooperation, reactive aggression and social impairments among boys with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Miia KAARTINEN, Auteur ; K. PUURA, Auteur ; P. PISPA, Auteur ; M. HELMINEN, Auteur ; R. SALMELIN, Auteur ; E. PELKONEN, Auteur ; P. JUUJARVI, Auteur ; E. B. KESSLER, Auteur ; D. H. SKUSE, Auteur . - p.154-166.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 23-1 (January 2019) . - p.154-166
Mots-clés : autism severity autism spectrum disorder cooperation reactive aggression gender-differences children oxytocin behavior adolescents evolution competition prevalence trust Psychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Cooperation is a fundamental human ability that seems to be inversely related to aggressive behaviour in typical development. However, there is no knowledge whether similar association holds for children with autism spectrum disorder. A total of 27 boys with autism spectrum disorder and their gender, age and total score intelligence matched controls were studied in order to determine associations between cooperation, reactive aggression and autism spectrum disorder-related social impairments. The participants performed a modified version of the Prisoner's Dilemma task and the Pulkkinen Aggression Machine which measure dimensions of trust, trustworthiness and self-sacrifice in predisposition to cooperate, and inhibition of reactive aggression in the absence and presence of situational cues, respectively. Autism spectrum disorder severity-related Autism Diagnostic Interview-algorithm scores were ascertained by interviewing the parents of the participants with a semi-structured parental interview (Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview). The results showed that albeit the boys with autism spectrum disorder were able to engage in reciprocation and cooperation regardless of their social impairments, their cooperativeness was positively associated with lower levels of reactive aggression and older age. Thus, strengthening inhibition mechanisms that regulate reactive aggression might make boys with autism spectrum disorder more likely to prefer mutual gain over self-interest in cooperation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317726417 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=379