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A lack of efficacy of continuous theta burst stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in autism: A double blind randomized sham-controlled trial / Hsing-Chang NI in Autism Research, 16-6 (June 2023)
[article]
Titre : A lack of efficacy of continuous theta burst stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in autism: A double blind randomized sham-controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hsing-Chang NI, Auteur ; Yi-Lung CHEN, Auteur ; Yi-Ping CHAO, Auteur ; Chen-Te WU, Auteur ; Rao-Shayn Chen, Auteur ; Tai-Li CHOU, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur ; Hsiang-Yuan LIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1247-1262 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder dorsolateral prefrontal cortex inhibitory paradigm randomized sham-controlled trial repetitive magnetic stimulation theta burst stimulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Although previous open-label trials suggest the therapeutic potential of inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), methodological caveats exist. We conducted an 8-week randomized, double-blind sham-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of inhibitory continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS, a variant of rTMS) over the left DLPFC in individuals with ASD. Sixty children, adolescents and young adults (aged 8?30?years) with ASD without co-occurring intellectual disabilities were randomized to a 16-session 8-week cTBS versus sham stimulation course, with a follow-up 4?weeks after the trial. The Active group was not superior to the Sham group in any clinical or neuropsychological metrics at Week 8 or Week 12. Time effects of 8-week cTBS on symptoms and executive function were remarkable in both Active and Sham groups, with comparable response rates and effect sizes of changes in symptoms/cognition between groups. Our results from a sufficiently powered sample do not endorse the superior efficacy of cTBS over the left DLPFC to the shamed stimulation for children, adolescents and adults with ASD. These findings suggest that earlier positive open-label trial findings may be generalized by generalized/placebo effects. This highlights the urgent need for more rTMS/TBS studies with rigorous trial designs in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2954 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507
in Autism Research > 16-6 (June 2023) . - p.1247-1262[article] A lack of efficacy of continuous theta burst stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in autism: A double blind randomized sham-controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hsing-Chang NI, Auteur ; Yi-Lung CHEN, Auteur ; Yi-Ping CHAO, Auteur ; Chen-Te WU, Auteur ; Rao-Shayn Chen, Auteur ; Tai-Li CHOU, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur ; Hsiang-Yuan LIN, Auteur . - p.1247-1262.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 16-6 (June 2023) . - p.1247-1262
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder dorsolateral prefrontal cortex inhibitory paradigm randomized sham-controlled trial repetitive magnetic stimulation theta burst stimulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Although previous open-label trials suggest the therapeutic potential of inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), methodological caveats exist. We conducted an 8-week randomized, double-blind sham-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of inhibitory continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS, a variant of rTMS) over the left DLPFC in individuals with ASD. Sixty children, adolescents and young adults (aged 8?30?years) with ASD without co-occurring intellectual disabilities were randomized to a 16-session 8-week cTBS versus sham stimulation course, with a follow-up 4?weeks after the trial. The Active group was not superior to the Sham group in any clinical or neuropsychological metrics at Week 8 or Week 12. Time effects of 8-week cTBS on symptoms and executive function were remarkable in both Active and Sham groups, with comparable response rates and effect sizes of changes in symptoms/cognition between groups. Our results from a sufficiently powered sample do not endorse the superior efficacy of cTBS over the left DLPFC to the shamed stimulation for children, adolescents and adults with ASD. These findings suggest that earlier positive open-label trial findings may be generalized by generalized/placebo effects. This highlights the urgent need for more rTMS/TBS studies with rigorous trial designs in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2954 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507 Delay aversion in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is mediated by amygdala and prefrontal cortex hyper-activation / J. VAN DESSEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-8 (August 2018)
[article]
Titre : Delay aversion in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is mediated by amygdala and prefrontal cortex hyper-activation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. VAN DESSEL, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; G. MIES, Auteur ; J. LEMIERE, Auteur ; S. VAN DER OORD, Auteur ; S. MORSINK, Auteur ; M. DANCKAERTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.888-899 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : fMRI Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder affective network amygdala delay aversion dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Experimental research supports delay aversion as a motivational feature of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To investigate the neurobiology of delay aversion in ADHD, this study examined whether adolescents with ADHD display an unusually strong activation in affective brain regions in response to cues predicting forthcoming delay and whether these effects are (a) delay-dose dependent and (b) statistically mediate the association between ADHD and self-reported delay aversion. METHODS: Twenty-nine right-handed male adolescents with combined type ADHD and 32 typically developing controls (ages 10-18 years) performed a reaction time task in an MRI scanner. Pretarget cues indicated delay-related response consequences. One indicated that delay would follow the response irrespective of response speed (CERTAIN DELAY), a second that delay would only follow if the response was too slow (CONDITIONAL DELAY), and a third that no delay would follow the response whatever its speed (NO DELAY). Delay levels were 2, 6, or 14 s. Participants also rated their own delay aversion in everyday life. RESULTS: Individuals with ADHD rated themselves as more delay averse than controls. Significantly greater activation to CERTAIN DELAY cues relative to NO DELAY cues was found in participants with ADHD compared to controls (bilaterally) in amygdala, anterior insula, temporal pole, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Amygdala and DLPFC activation strength were strongly and delay-dose dependently correlated with delay aversion ratings, and statistically mediated the relationship between ADHD status and delay aversion. CONCLUSIONS: When presented with cues predicting impending delay, adolescents with ADHD, relative to controls, displayed a delay-related increase in activation in amygdala and DLPFC, regions known to be implicated in the processing of aversive events. Future studies should examine the specificity of these effects to delay aversion compared to aversive events in general. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12868 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-8 (August 2018) . - p.888-899[article] Delay aversion in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is mediated by amygdala and prefrontal cortex hyper-activation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. VAN DESSEL, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; G. MIES, Auteur ; J. LEMIERE, Auteur ; S. VAN DER OORD, Auteur ; S. MORSINK, Auteur ; M. DANCKAERTS, Auteur . - p.888-899.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-8 (August 2018) . - p.888-899
Mots-clés : fMRI Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder affective network amygdala delay aversion dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Experimental research supports delay aversion as a motivational feature of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To investigate the neurobiology of delay aversion in ADHD, this study examined whether adolescents with ADHD display an unusually strong activation in affective brain regions in response to cues predicting forthcoming delay and whether these effects are (a) delay-dose dependent and (b) statistically mediate the association between ADHD and self-reported delay aversion. METHODS: Twenty-nine right-handed male adolescents with combined type ADHD and 32 typically developing controls (ages 10-18 years) performed a reaction time task in an MRI scanner. Pretarget cues indicated delay-related response consequences. One indicated that delay would follow the response irrespective of response speed (CERTAIN DELAY), a second that delay would only follow if the response was too slow (CONDITIONAL DELAY), and a third that no delay would follow the response whatever its speed (NO DELAY). Delay levels were 2, 6, or 14 s. Participants also rated their own delay aversion in everyday life. RESULTS: Individuals with ADHD rated themselves as more delay averse than controls. Significantly greater activation to CERTAIN DELAY cues relative to NO DELAY cues was found in participants with ADHD compared to controls (bilaterally) in amygdala, anterior insula, temporal pole, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Amygdala and DLPFC activation strength were strongly and delay-dose dependently correlated with delay aversion ratings, and statistically mediated the relationship between ADHD status and delay aversion. CONCLUSIONS: When presented with cues predicting impending delay, adolescents with ADHD, relative to controls, displayed a delay-related increase in activation in amygdala and DLPFC, regions known to be implicated in the processing of aversive events. Future studies should examine the specificity of these effects to delay aversion compared to aversive events in general. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12868 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 Successful Face Recognition is Associated with Increased Prefrontal Cortex Activation in Autism Spectrum Disorder / John D. HERRINGTON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-4 (April 2015)
[article]
Titre : Successful Face Recognition is Associated with Increased Prefrontal Cortex Activation in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : John D. HERRINGTON, Auteur ; Meghan E. RILEY, Auteur ; Daniel W. GRUPE, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.902-910 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Functional MRI Selective attention Facial information processing Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examines whether deficits in visual information processing in autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) can be offset by the recruitment of brain structures involved in selective attention. During functional MRI, 12 children with ASD and 19 control participants completed a selective attention one-back task in which images of faces and houses were superimposed. When attending to faces, the ASD group showed increased activation relative to control participants within multiple prefrontal cortex areas, including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). DLPFC activation in ASD was associated with increased response times for faces. These data suggest that prefrontal cortex activation may represent a compensatory mechanism for diminished visual information processing abilities in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2233-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=258
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-4 (April 2015) . - p.902-910[article] Successful Face Recognition is Associated with Increased Prefrontal Cortex Activation in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / John D. HERRINGTON, Auteur ; Meghan E. RILEY, Auteur ; Daniel W. GRUPE, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur . - p.902-910.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-4 (April 2015) . - p.902-910
Mots-clés : Autism Functional MRI Selective attention Facial information processing Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examines whether deficits in visual information processing in autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) can be offset by the recruitment of brain structures involved in selective attention. During functional MRI, 12 children with ASD and 19 control participants completed a selective attention one-back task in which images of faces and houses were superimposed. When attending to faces, the ASD group showed increased activation relative to control participants within multiple prefrontal cortex areas, including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). DLPFC activation in ASD was associated with increased response times for faces. These data suggest that prefrontal cortex activation may represent a compensatory mechanism for diminished visual information processing abilities in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2233-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=258 Increased prefrontal GABA concentrations in adults with autism spectrum disorders / Simon MAIER in Autism Research, 15-7 (July 2022)
[article]
Titre : Increased prefrontal GABA concentrations in adults with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Simon MAIER, Auteur ; Ansgard Lena DÜPPERS, Auteur ; Kimon RUNGE, Auteur ; Michael DACKO, Auteur ; Thomas LANGE, Auteur ; Thomas FANGMEIER, Auteur ; Andreas RIEDEL, Auteur ; Dieter EBERT, Auteur ; Dominique ENDRES, Auteur ; Katharina DOMSCHKE, Auteur ; Evgeniy PERLOV, Auteur ; Kathrin NICKEL, Auteur ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1222-1236 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gaba anterior cingulate cortex autism spectrum disorder dorsolateral prefrontal cortex gamma-aminobutyric acid glutamate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The excitatory-inhibitory imbalance hypothesis postulates dysregulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) neurotransmitter systems as a common underlying deficit in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Previous studies suggest an important role of these systems in the pathophysiology of ASD, including a study of our group reporting decreased glutamate concentrations in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of adults with ASD. The aim of this study was to replicate our previous findings of impaired glutamate metabolism in ASD in a new sample and to additionally quantify GABA in the ACC and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Concentrations of GABA and glutamate-glutamine (Glx; combined glutamate and glutamine signal) were quantified in the ACC and dlPFC of 43 adults with ASD and 43 neurotypical controls (NTC) by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The ASD group showed increased absolute GABA concentrations and elevated GABA/creatine ratios in the left dlPFC compared to NTC, while no group differences were detected in the pregenual and dorsal ACC. Previous findings of altered Glx concentration in the pregenual ACC of the ASD group could not be replicated. Regarding Glx concentrations and Glx/creatine ratios, there were no significant differences in the dlPFC and ACC either. The study supports the hypothesis of an altered GABA and glutamate equilibrium, indicating an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory metabolism in ASD patients. However, inconsistent results across studies and brain regions suggest a complex underlying phenomenon. LAY SUMMARY: Adults of the autism spectrum exhibit elevated levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This finding supports the hypothesis of an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory equilibrium in patients with autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476
in Autism Research > 15-7 (July 2022) . - p.1222-1236[article] Increased prefrontal GABA concentrations in adults with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Simon MAIER, Auteur ; Ansgard Lena DÜPPERS, Auteur ; Kimon RUNGE, Auteur ; Michael DACKO, Auteur ; Thomas LANGE, Auteur ; Thomas FANGMEIER, Auteur ; Andreas RIEDEL, Auteur ; Dieter EBERT, Auteur ; Dominique ENDRES, Auteur ; Katharina DOMSCHKE, Auteur ; Evgeniy PERLOV, Auteur ; Kathrin NICKEL, Auteur ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST, Auteur . - p.1222-1236.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 15-7 (July 2022) . - p.1222-1236
Mots-clés : Gaba anterior cingulate cortex autism spectrum disorder dorsolateral prefrontal cortex gamma-aminobutyric acid glutamate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The excitatory-inhibitory imbalance hypothesis postulates dysregulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) neurotransmitter systems as a common underlying deficit in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Previous studies suggest an important role of these systems in the pathophysiology of ASD, including a study of our group reporting decreased glutamate concentrations in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of adults with ASD. The aim of this study was to replicate our previous findings of impaired glutamate metabolism in ASD in a new sample and to additionally quantify GABA in the ACC and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Concentrations of GABA and glutamate-glutamine (Glx; combined glutamate and glutamine signal) were quantified in the ACC and dlPFC of 43 adults with ASD and 43 neurotypical controls (NTC) by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The ASD group showed increased absolute GABA concentrations and elevated GABA/creatine ratios in the left dlPFC compared to NTC, while no group differences were detected in the pregenual and dorsal ACC. Previous findings of altered Glx concentration in the pregenual ACC of the ASD group could not be replicated. Regarding Glx concentrations and Glx/creatine ratios, there were no significant differences in the dlPFC and ACC either. The study supports the hypothesis of an altered GABA and glutamate equilibrium, indicating an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory metabolism in ASD patients. However, inconsistent results across studies and brain regions suggest a complex underlying phenomenon. LAY SUMMARY: Adults of the autism spectrum exhibit elevated levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This finding supports the hypothesis of an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory equilibrium in patients with autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 The impact of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on theory of mind, emotion regulation and emotional-behavioral functions in children with autism disorder: A randomized, sham-controlled, and parallel-group study / Mehdi ZEMESTANI in Autism Research, 15-10 (October 2022)
[article]
Titre : The impact of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on theory of mind, emotion regulation and emotional-behavioral functions in children with autism disorder: A randomized, sham-controlled, and parallel-group study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mehdi ZEMESTANI, Auteur ; Omid HOSEINPANAHI, Auteur ; Mohammad Ali SALEHINEJAD, Auteur ; Michael A. NITSCHE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1985-2003 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder dorsolateral prefrontal cortex emotion regulation theory of mind transcranial direct current stimulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Advances in our knowledge about the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying core deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have produced several novel treatment modalities. One of these approaches is modulation of activity of the brain regions involved in ASD symptoms. This study examined the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on autism symptom severity, theory of mind, emotion regulation strategies, and emotional-behavioral functions in children with ASD. Thirty-two children (M(age) = 10.16, SD = 1.93, range 7-12 years) diagnosed with ASD were randomly assigned to active (N = 17) or sham stimulation (N = 15) groups in a randomized, sham-controlled, parallel-group design. Participants underwent 10 sessions of active (1.5 mA, 15 min, bilateral left anodal/right cathodal DLPFC, 2 sessions per week) or sham tDCS. Autism symptom severity, theory of mind, emotion regulation strategies, and emotional-behavioral functioning of the patients were assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 1 month after the intervention. A significant improvement of autism symptom severity (i.e., communication), theory of mind (i.e., ToM 3), and emotion regulation strategies was observed for the active as compared to the sham stimulation group at the end of the intervention, and these effects were maintained at the one-month follow-up. The results suggest that repeated tDCS with anodal stimulation of left and cathodal stimulation of right DLPFC improves autism symptom severity as well as social cognition and emotion regulation in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research has suggested that targeting core mechanisms underlying cognitive-emotional and behavioral deficits of autistic children might improve symptoms of ASD. Deficient social and behavioral functioning, impaired theory of mind, and emotional regulation deficits have been identified as core treatment targets for this group. Specific subregions of the prefrontal cortex are involved in these deficits, including hypoactivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Upregulation of this area with non-invasive brain stimulation, namely anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), results in improved social and behavioral functioning in children with ASD. Very few studies have however examined the effects of this intervention on theory of mind, emotional regulation, and emotional-behavioral problems. We examined the effects of anodal tDCS over the left DLPFC (F3), combined with cathodal tDCS over the right DLPFC (F4) on autism symptom severity as well as theory of mind, emotional regulation, and emotional-behavioral problems of children with ASD. This intervention improved autism symptom severity, specific domains of theory of mind, and emotion regulation. These findings have clinical implications for the treatment of ASD and suggest that targeting core mechanisms underlying socio-cognitive-emotional deficits of autistic children using tDCS might improve symptoms of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2803 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488
in Autism Research > 15-10 (October 2022) . - p.1985-2003[article] The impact of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on theory of mind, emotion regulation and emotional-behavioral functions in children with autism disorder: A randomized, sham-controlled, and parallel-group study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mehdi ZEMESTANI, Auteur ; Omid HOSEINPANAHI, Auteur ; Mohammad Ali SALEHINEJAD, Auteur ; Michael A. NITSCHE, Auteur . - p.1985-2003.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 15-10 (October 2022) . - p.1985-2003
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder dorsolateral prefrontal cortex emotion regulation theory of mind transcranial direct current stimulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Advances in our knowledge about the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying core deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have produced several novel treatment modalities. One of these approaches is modulation of activity of the brain regions involved in ASD symptoms. This study examined the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on autism symptom severity, theory of mind, emotion regulation strategies, and emotional-behavioral functions in children with ASD. Thirty-two children (M(age) = 10.16, SD = 1.93, range 7-12 years) diagnosed with ASD were randomly assigned to active (N = 17) or sham stimulation (N = 15) groups in a randomized, sham-controlled, parallel-group design. Participants underwent 10 sessions of active (1.5 mA, 15 min, bilateral left anodal/right cathodal DLPFC, 2 sessions per week) or sham tDCS. Autism symptom severity, theory of mind, emotion regulation strategies, and emotional-behavioral functioning of the patients were assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 1 month after the intervention. A significant improvement of autism symptom severity (i.e., communication), theory of mind (i.e., ToM 3), and emotion regulation strategies was observed for the active as compared to the sham stimulation group at the end of the intervention, and these effects were maintained at the one-month follow-up. The results suggest that repeated tDCS with anodal stimulation of left and cathodal stimulation of right DLPFC improves autism symptom severity as well as social cognition and emotion regulation in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research has suggested that targeting core mechanisms underlying cognitive-emotional and behavioral deficits of autistic children might improve symptoms of ASD. Deficient social and behavioral functioning, impaired theory of mind, and emotional regulation deficits have been identified as core treatment targets for this group. Specific subregions of the prefrontal cortex are involved in these deficits, including hypoactivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Upregulation of this area with non-invasive brain stimulation, namely anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), results in improved social and behavioral functioning in children with ASD. Very few studies have however examined the effects of this intervention on theory of mind, emotional regulation, and emotional-behavioral problems. We examined the effects of anodal tDCS over the left DLPFC (F3), combined with cathodal tDCS over the right DLPFC (F4) on autism symptom severity as well as theory of mind, emotional regulation, and emotional-behavioral problems of children with ASD. This intervention improved autism symptom severity, specific domains of theory of mind, and emotion regulation. These findings have clinical implications for the treatment of ASD and suggest that targeting core mechanisms underlying socio-cognitive-emotional deficits of autistic children using tDCS might improve symptoms of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2803 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488 Cerebro-Cerebellar Functional Connectivity is Associated with Cerebellar Excitation-Inhibition Balance in Autism Spectrum Disorder / J. P. HEGARTY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-10 (October 2018)
PermalinkNeural Mechanisms of Emotion Regulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder / J. Anthony RICHEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-11 (November 2015)
PermalinkBalanced bifrontal transcranial direct current stimulation enhances working memory in adults with high-functioning autism: a sham-controlled crossover study / J. J. VAN STEENBURGH in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
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