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Parental symptoms of posttraumatic stress following a child's diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study / Laura BAYLOT CASEY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6-3 (July-September 2012)
[article]
Titre : Parental symptoms of posttraumatic stress following a child's diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura BAYLOT CASEY, Auteur ; Steve ZANKSAS, Auteur ; James N. MEINDL, Auteur ; Gilbert R. PARRA, Auteur ; Pam COGDAL, Auteur ; Kevin POWELL, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1186-1193 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Parents Posttraumatic stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are well documented in parents of children diagnosed with chronic disabilities and life-threatening illnesses. The occurrence of PTSS in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (autism) has not been directly linked but instead only mentioned without data supporting the claim. This research was a retrospective study examining the occurrence of PTSS in parents of children with autism. The instruments used included in the survey were the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the LA Symptom Checklist (LASC). The IES-R was used for group membership (PTSS or not) and the LASC was used to determine if further psychosocial ailments were common to one group over the other. The findings validate the existence of PTSS in a subpopulation (20%) of parents. These findings document a need to recognize the degree of psychological impact/distress in parents resulting from their child being diagnosed with autism. Awareness of parental PTSS, will help ensure the necessary steps are taken to see that the parents/child's caretakers are healthy and that the child's access to treatment is not compromised due to parental stress. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2012.03.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 6-3 (July-September 2012) . - p.1186-1193[article] Parental symptoms of posttraumatic stress following a child's diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura BAYLOT CASEY, Auteur ; Steve ZANKSAS, Auteur ; James N. MEINDL, Auteur ; Gilbert R. PARRA, Auteur ; Pam COGDAL, Auteur ; Kevin POWELL, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1186-1193.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 6-3 (July-September 2012) . - p.1186-1193
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Parents Posttraumatic stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are well documented in parents of children diagnosed with chronic disabilities and life-threatening illnesses. The occurrence of PTSS in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (autism) has not been directly linked but instead only mentioned without data supporting the claim. This research was a retrospective study examining the occurrence of PTSS in parents of children with autism. The instruments used included in the survey were the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the LA Symptom Checklist (LASC). The IES-R was used for group membership (PTSS or not) and the LASC was used to determine if further psychosocial ailments were common to one group over the other. The findings validate the existence of PTSS in a subpopulation (20%) of parents. These findings document a need to recognize the degree of psychological impact/distress in parents resulting from their child being diagnosed with autism. Awareness of parental PTSS, will help ensure the necessary steps are taken to see that the parents/child's caretakers are healthy and that the child's access to treatment is not compromised due to parental stress. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2012.03.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155 Caregiver-adolescent co-reminiscing and adolescents' individual recollections of a devastating tornado: Associations with enduring posttraumatic stress symptoms / Michelle L. HENDRICKSON in Development and Psychopathology, 32-1 (February 2020)
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Titre : Caregiver-adolescent co-reminiscing and adolescents' individual recollections of a devastating tornado: Associations with enduring posttraumatic stress symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michelle L. HENDRICKSON, Auteur ; Madelaine R. ABEL, Auteur ; Eric M. VERNBERG, Auteur ; Kristina L. MCDONALD, Auteur ; John E. LOCHMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.151-161 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents emotion socialization natural disaster posttraumatic stress recollection qualities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although disaster-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) typically decrease in intensity over time, some youth continue to report elevated levels of PTSS many years after the disaster. The current study examines two processes that may help to explain the link between disaster exposure and enduring PTSS: caregiver emotion socialization and youth recollection qualities. One hundred and twenty-two youth (ages 12 to 17) and their female caregivers who experienced an EF-4 tornado co-reminisced about the event, and adolescents provided independent recollections between 3 and 4 years after the tornado. Adolescent individual transcripts were coded for coherence and negative personal impact, qualities that have been found to contribute to meaning making. Parent-adolescent conversations were coded for caregiver egocentrism, a construct derived from the emotion socialization literature to reflect the extent to which the caregiver centered the conversation on her own emotions and experiences. Egocentrism predicted higher youth PTSS, and this association was mediated by the coherence of adolescents' narratives. The association between coherence and PTSS was stronger for youth who focused more on the negative personal impacts of the tornado event during their recollections. Results suggest that enduring tornado-related PTSS may be influenced in part by the interplay of caregiver emotion socialization practices and youth recollection qualities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418001487 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-1 (February 2020) . - p.151-161[article] Caregiver-adolescent co-reminiscing and adolescents' individual recollections of a devastating tornado: Associations with enduring posttraumatic stress symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michelle L. HENDRICKSON, Auteur ; Madelaine R. ABEL, Auteur ; Eric M. VERNBERG, Auteur ; Kristina L. MCDONALD, Auteur ; John E. LOCHMAN, Auteur . - p.151-161.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-1 (February 2020) . - p.151-161
Mots-clés : adolescents emotion socialization natural disaster posttraumatic stress recollection qualities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although disaster-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) typically decrease in intensity over time, some youth continue to report elevated levels of PTSS many years after the disaster. The current study examines two processes that may help to explain the link between disaster exposure and enduring PTSS: caregiver emotion socialization and youth recollection qualities. One hundred and twenty-two youth (ages 12 to 17) and their female caregivers who experienced an EF-4 tornado co-reminisced about the event, and adolescents provided independent recollections between 3 and 4 years after the tornado. Adolescent individual transcripts were coded for coherence and negative personal impact, qualities that have been found to contribute to meaning making. Parent-adolescent conversations were coded for caregiver egocentrism, a construct derived from the emotion socialization literature to reflect the extent to which the caregiver centered the conversation on her own emotions and experiences. Egocentrism predicted higher youth PTSS, and this association was mediated by the coherence of adolescents' narratives. The association between coherence and PTSS was stronger for youth who focused more on the negative personal impacts of the tornado event during their recollections. Results suggest that enduring tornado-related PTSS may be influenced in part by the interplay of caregiver emotion socialization practices and youth recollection qualities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418001487 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 Violence exposure, posttraumatic stress, and affect variability among African American Youth: A time sampling approach / Kyle DEANE in Development and Psychopathology, 33-3 (August 2021)
[article]
Titre : Violence exposure, posttraumatic stress, and affect variability among African American Youth: A time sampling approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kyle DEANE, Auteur ; Maryse RICHARDS, Auteur ; Catherine DeCarlo SANTIAGO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1085-1096 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : affective states affect variability exposure to community violence posttraumatic stress time sampling violence exposure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The current study examines the immediate and short-term impact of daily exposure to community violence on same-day and next-day levels of posttraumatic stress symptomatology and various affective states (i.e., dysphoria, hostility, and anxiety), in a sample of 268 African American adolescents living in urban, low-income, high-violence neighborhoods (Mage = 11.65; 59% female). In addition, the moderating role of affective state variability on this relationship was examined. This study utilized experience sampling method and a daily sampling approach, which contributes a more robust investigation of the short-term effects of violence exposure in youth. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that community violence exposure was positively associated with same-day and next-day symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Violence exposure also exhibited an immediate effect on dysphoria, anxiety, and hostility levels. Youth variability in dysphoria exacerbated the effect of violence exposure on concurrent or next-day posttraumatic stress, dysphoria, and hostility. Moreover, variability in anxiety and hostility exacerbated the experience of next-day hostility. The clinical implications relating to these findings, such as the importance of implementing screening for posttraumatic stress following exposure, the incorporation of preventative treatments among those at risk of exposure, and the targeting of emotion regulation in treatments with adolescents, are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457942000036X Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-3 (August 2021) . - p.1085-1096[article] Violence exposure, posttraumatic stress, and affect variability among African American Youth: A time sampling approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kyle DEANE, Auteur ; Maryse RICHARDS, Auteur ; Catherine DeCarlo SANTIAGO, Auteur . - p.1085-1096.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-3 (August 2021) . - p.1085-1096
Mots-clés : affective states affect variability exposure to community violence posttraumatic stress time sampling violence exposure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The current study examines the immediate and short-term impact of daily exposure to community violence on same-day and next-day levels of posttraumatic stress symptomatology and various affective states (i.e., dysphoria, hostility, and anxiety), in a sample of 268 African American adolescents living in urban, low-income, high-violence neighborhoods (Mage = 11.65; 59% female). In addition, the moderating role of affective state variability on this relationship was examined. This study utilized experience sampling method and a daily sampling approach, which contributes a more robust investigation of the short-term effects of violence exposure in youth. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that community violence exposure was positively associated with same-day and next-day symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Violence exposure also exhibited an immediate effect on dysphoria, anxiety, and hostility levels. Youth variability in dysphoria exacerbated the effect of violence exposure on concurrent or next-day posttraumatic stress, dysphoria, and hostility. Moreover, variability in anxiety and hostility exacerbated the experience of next-day hostility. The clinical implications relating to these findings, such as the importance of implementing screening for posttraumatic stress following exposure, the incorporation of preventative treatments among those at risk of exposure, and the targeting of emotion regulation in treatments with adolescents, are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457942000036X Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457 Attention bias in the developmental unfolding of post-traumatic stress symptoms in young children at risk / Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-9 (September 2016)
[article]
Titre : Attention bias in the developmental unfolding of post-traumatic stress symptoms in young children at risk Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN, Auteur ; Damion GRASSO, Auteur ; Yair BAR-HAIM, Auteur ; Joel VOSS, Auteur ; Kimberly J. MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1083-1091 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention bias stress violence anxiety posttraumatic stress trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Threat-related attention bias relates to anxiety and posttraumatic stress symptoms in adults and adolescents, but few longitudinal studies examine such associations in young children. This study examines prospective relations among attention bias, trauma exposure, and anxiety and trauma symptoms in a sample previously reported to manifest cross-sectional associations between attention bias and observed anxiety at preschool age. Methods Young children [mean (MN) = 5.0, ±0.7 years, n = 208] from a community-based sample completed the dot-probe task to assess their attention biases in response to angry faces. At baseline (T1) and at follow-up approximately 9 months later (T2), anxiety and trauma exposure (i.e. violent and noninterpersonal events) and symptoms were assessed by maternal report. Results Neither attention bias nor baseline or recent trauma exposure predicted later anxiety. In contrast, attention bias toward threat and recent trauma exposure significantly predicted later trauma symptoms. There was evidence of symptom specificity such that attention bias toward threat significantly predicted hyperarousal and dissociation, but not avoidance or re-experiencing symptoms. Finally, moderation analyses indicated that the relationship between attention bias and trauma symptoms may differ according to children's experiences of probable abuse. Conclusions Attention profiles and trauma exposure may increase the risk that young children will develop trauma symptoms. Individual differences in these attentional patterns and children's exposure history may impact outcomes among high-risk children with potential implications for intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12577 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-9 (September 2016) . - p.1083-1091[article] Attention bias in the developmental unfolding of post-traumatic stress symptoms in young children at risk [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN, Auteur ; Damion GRASSO, Auteur ; Yair BAR-HAIM, Auteur ; Joel VOSS, Auteur ; Kimberly J. MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur . - p.1083-1091.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-9 (September 2016) . - p.1083-1091
Mots-clés : Attention bias stress violence anxiety posttraumatic stress trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Threat-related attention bias relates to anxiety and posttraumatic stress symptoms in adults and adolescents, but few longitudinal studies examine such associations in young children. This study examines prospective relations among attention bias, trauma exposure, and anxiety and trauma symptoms in a sample previously reported to manifest cross-sectional associations between attention bias and observed anxiety at preschool age. Methods Young children [mean (MN) = 5.0, ±0.7 years, n = 208] from a community-based sample completed the dot-probe task to assess their attention biases in response to angry faces. At baseline (T1) and at follow-up approximately 9 months later (T2), anxiety and trauma exposure (i.e. violent and noninterpersonal events) and symptoms were assessed by maternal report. Results Neither attention bias nor baseline or recent trauma exposure predicted later anxiety. In contrast, attention bias toward threat and recent trauma exposure significantly predicted later trauma symptoms. There was evidence of symptom specificity such that attention bias toward threat significantly predicted hyperarousal and dissociation, but not avoidance or re-experiencing symptoms. Finally, moderation analyses indicated that the relationship between attention bias and trauma symptoms may differ according to children's experiences of probable abuse. Conclusions Attention profiles and trauma exposure may increase the risk that young children will develop trauma symptoms. Individual differences in these attentional patterns and children's exposure history may impact outcomes among high-risk children with potential implications for intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12577 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 Research Review: Changes in the prevalence and symptom severity of child post-traumatic stress disorder in the year following trauma – a meta-analytic study / Rachel M. HILLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-8 (August 2016)
[article]
Titre : Research Review: Changes in the prevalence and symptom severity of child post-traumatic stress disorder in the year following trauma – a meta-analytic study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel M. HILLER, Auteur ; Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur ; Sarah LOBO, Auteur ; Anna MCKINNON, Auteur ; Abigail FRASER, Auteur ; Sarah L. HALLIGAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.884-898 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child adolescent trauma posttraumatic stress meta-analysis longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Understanding the natural course of child and adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has significant implications for the identification of, and intervention for, at-risk youth. We used a meta-analytic approach to examine longitudinal changes in youth PTSD prevalence and symptoms over the first 12 months posttrauma. Methods We conducted a systematic review to identify longitudinal studies of PTSD in young people (5–18 years old), excluding treatment trials. The search yielded 27 peer-reviewed studies and one unpublished dataset for analysis of pooled prevalence estimates, relative prevalence reduction and standardised mean symptom change. Key moderators were also explored, including age, proportion of boys in the sample, initial prevalence of PTSD and PTSD measurement type. Results Analyses demonstrated moderate declines in PTSD prevalence and symptom severity over the first 3–6 months posttrauma. From 1 to 6 months posttrauma, the prevalence of PTSD reduced by approximately 50%. Symptoms also showed moderate decline, particularly across the first 3 months posttrauma. There was little evidence of further change in prevalence or symptom severity after 6 months, suggesting that it is unlikely a child would lose a PTSD diagnosis without intervention beyond this point. Conclusions The current findings provide key information about the likelihood of posttrauma recovery in the absence of intervention and have important implications for our understanding of child and adolescent PTSD. Results are discussed with reference to the timing of PTSD screening and the potential role of early interventions. Findings particularly highlight the importance of future research to develop our understanding of what factors prevent the action of normal recovery from the ‘acute’ posttrauma period. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12566 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-8 (August 2016) . - p.884-898[article] Research Review: Changes in the prevalence and symptom severity of child post-traumatic stress disorder in the year following trauma – a meta-analytic study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel M. HILLER, Auteur ; Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur ; Sarah LOBO, Auteur ; Anna MCKINNON, Auteur ; Abigail FRASER, Auteur ; Sarah L. HALLIGAN, Auteur . - p.884-898.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-8 (August 2016) . - p.884-898
Mots-clés : Child adolescent trauma posttraumatic stress meta-analysis longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Understanding the natural course of child and adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has significant implications for the identification of, and intervention for, at-risk youth. We used a meta-analytic approach to examine longitudinal changes in youth PTSD prevalence and symptoms over the first 12 months posttrauma. Methods We conducted a systematic review to identify longitudinal studies of PTSD in young people (5–18 years old), excluding treatment trials. The search yielded 27 peer-reviewed studies and one unpublished dataset for analysis of pooled prevalence estimates, relative prevalence reduction and standardised mean symptom change. Key moderators were also explored, including age, proportion of boys in the sample, initial prevalence of PTSD and PTSD measurement type. Results Analyses demonstrated moderate declines in PTSD prevalence and symptom severity over the first 3–6 months posttrauma. From 1 to 6 months posttrauma, the prevalence of PTSD reduced by approximately 50%. Symptoms also showed moderate decline, particularly across the first 3 months posttrauma. There was little evidence of further change in prevalence or symptom severity after 6 months, suggesting that it is unlikely a child would lose a PTSD diagnosis without intervention beyond this point. Conclusions The current findings provide key information about the likelihood of posttrauma recovery in the absence of intervention and have important implications for our understanding of child and adolescent PTSD. Results are discussed with reference to the timing of PTSD screening and the potential role of early interventions. Findings particularly highlight the importance of future research to develop our understanding of what factors prevent the action of normal recovery from the ‘acute’ posttrauma period. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12566 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 Group trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy with former child soldiers and other war-affected boys in the DR Congo: a randomised controlled trial / John MCMULLEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-11 (November 2013)
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