Dépouillements

Issue Information in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1455-1459 Titre : Issue Information Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1455-1459 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1702 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Issue Information [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1455-1459. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1455-1459 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1702 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Proteomic explorations of autism spectrum disorder / Nicholas SZOKO in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1460-1469 Titre : Proteomic explorations of autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicholas SZOKO, Auteur ; Adam J. MCSHANE, Auteur ; Marvin R. NATOWICZ, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1460-1469 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autistic  proteomic  proteomics  mass spectrometry  neuroproteomics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Proteomics, the large-scale study of protein expression in cells and tissues, is a powerful tool to study the biology of clinical conditions and has provided significant insights in many experimental systems. Herein, we review the basics of proteomic methodology and discuss challenges in using proteomic approaches to study autism. Unlike other experimental approaches, such as genomic approaches, there have been few large-scale studies of proteins in tissues from persons with autism. Most of the proteomic studies on autism used blood or other peripheral tissues; few studies used brain tissue. Some studies found dysregulation of aspects of the immune system or of aspects of lipid metabolism, but no consistent findings were noted. Based on the challenges in using proteomics to study autism, we discuss considerations for future studies. Apart from the complex technical considerations implicit in any proteomic analysis, key nontechnical matters include attention to subject and specimen inclusion/exclusion criteria, having adequate sample size to ensure appropriate powering of the study, attention to the state of specimens prior to proteomic analysis, and the use of a replicate set of specimens, when possible. We conclude by discussing some potentially productive uses of proteomics, potentially coupled with other approaches, for future autism research including: (1) proteomic analysis of banked human brain specimens; (2) proteomic analysis of tissues from animal models of autism; and (3) proteomic analysis of induced pluripotent stem cells that are differentiated into various types of brain cells and neural organoids. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1803 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Proteomic explorations of autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicholas SZOKO, Auteur ; Adam J. MCSHANE, Auteur ; Marvin R. NATOWICZ, Auteur . - p.1460-1469. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1460-1469 Mots-clés : autism  autistic  proteomic  proteomics  mass spectrometry  neuroproteomics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Proteomics, the large-scale study of protein expression in cells and tissues, is a powerful tool to study the biology of clinical conditions and has provided significant insights in many experimental systems. Herein, we review the basics of proteomic methodology and discuss challenges in using proteomic approaches to study autism. Unlike other experimental approaches, such as genomic approaches, there have been few large-scale studies of proteins in tissues from persons with autism. Most of the proteomic studies on autism used blood or other peripheral tissues; few studies used brain tissue. Some studies found dysregulation of aspects of the immune system or of aspects of lipid metabolism, but no consistent findings were noted. Based on the challenges in using proteomics to study autism, we discuss considerations for future studies. Apart from the complex technical considerations implicit in any proteomic analysis, key nontechnical matters include attention to subject and specimen inclusion/exclusion criteria, having adequate sample size to ensure appropriate powering of the study, attention to the state of specimens prior to proteomic analysis, and the use of a replicate set of specimens, when possible. We conclude by discussing some potentially productive uses of proteomics, potentially coupled with other approaches, for future autism research including: (1) proteomic analysis of banked human brain specimens; (2) proteomic analysis of tissues from animal models of autism; and (3) proteomic analysis of induced pluripotent stem cells that are differentiated into various types of brain cells and neural organoids. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1803 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

The joint effect of air pollution exposure and copy number variation on risk for autism / Dokyoon KIM in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1470-1480 Titre : The joint effect of air pollution exposure and copy number variation on risk for autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dokyoon KIM, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Santhosh GIRIRAJAN, Auteur ; Sarah PENDERGRASS, Auteur ; Molly A. HALL, Auteur ; Shefali S. VERMA, Auteur ; Rebecca J. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Robin L. HANSEN, Auteur ; Debashis GHOSH, Auteur ; Yunin LUDENA-RODRIGUEZ, Auteur ; Kyoungmi KIM, Auteur ; Marylyn D. RITCHIE, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; Scott B. SELLECK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1470-1480 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  copy number variation  air pollution  gene-environment interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is a complex trait with a high degree of heritability as well as documented susceptibility from environmental factors. In this study the contributions of copy number variation, exposure to air pollutants, and the interaction between the two on autism risk, were evaluated in the population-based case-control Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment (CHARGE) Study. For the current investigation, we included only those CHARGE children (a) who met criteria for autism or typical development and (b) for whom our team had conducted both genetic evaluation of copy number burden and determination of environmental air pollution exposures based on mapping addresses from the pregnancy and early childhood. This sample consisted of 158 cases of children with autism and 147 controls with typical development. Multiple logistic regression models were fit with and without environmental variable-copy number burden interactions. We found no correlation between average air pollution exposure from conception to age 2 years and the child's CNV burden. We found a significant interaction in which a 1SD increase in duplication burden combined with a 1SD increase in ozone exposure was associated with an elevated autism risk (OR 3.4, P? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1799 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] The joint effect of air pollution exposure and copy number variation on risk for autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dokyoon KIM, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Santhosh GIRIRAJAN, Auteur ; Sarah PENDERGRASS, Auteur ; Molly A. HALL, Auteur ; Shefali S. VERMA, Auteur ; Rebecca J. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Robin L. HANSEN, Auteur ; Debashis GHOSH, Auteur ; Yunin LUDENA-RODRIGUEZ, Auteur ; Kyoungmi KIM, Auteur ; Marylyn D. RITCHIE, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; Scott B. SELLECK, Auteur . - p.1470-1480. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1470-1480 Mots-clés : autism  copy number variation  air pollution  gene-environment interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is a complex trait with a high degree of heritability as well as documented susceptibility from environmental factors. In this study the contributions of copy number variation, exposure to air pollutants, and the interaction between the two on autism risk, were evaluated in the population-based case-control Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment (CHARGE) Study. For the current investigation, we included only those CHARGE children (a) who met criteria for autism or typical development and (b) for whom our team had conducted both genetic evaluation of copy number burden and determination of environmental air pollution exposures based on mapping addresses from the pregnancy and early childhood. This sample consisted of 158 cases of children with autism and 147 controls with typical development. Multiple logistic regression models were fit with and without environmental variable-copy number burden interactions. We found no correlation between average air pollution exposure from conception to age 2 years and the child's CNV burden. We found a significant interaction in which a 1SD increase in duplication burden combined with a 1SD increase in ozone exposure was associated with an elevated autism risk (OR 3.4, P? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1799 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

The Social Communication Questionnaire for adults with intellectual disability: SCQ-AID / Olivia DERKS in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1481-1490 Titre : The Social Communication Questionnaire for adults with intellectual disability: SCQ-AID Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Olivia DERKS, Auteur ; Manuel HEINRICH, Auteur ; Whitney BROOKS, Auteur ; Paula STERKENBURG, Auteur ; Jane MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Lisa UNDERWOOD, Auteur ; Tanja SAPPOK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1481-1490 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  intellectual disability (ID)  social communication questionnaire (SCQ)  assessment  validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently co-occurs with intellectual disability (ID) and often remains undiagnosed until adulthood. The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) is a widely used measure to screen for ASD. To improve the utility of the SCQ for adults with ID, the aim of this study was to develop an ID-specific and adult appropriate algorithm for the SCQ using a core set of valid items. These items were identified in one sample (N = 226) and further cross-validated in a second, independent sample (N = 225) from Germany, England and the U.S. The newly developed algorithm has 24 items compared with the 40 items in the original instrument. The reduced item core set yielded similar diagnostic validity as the original algorithm with good sensitivity values (0.81–0.89) and low specificity values (0.62–0.72). Overall, these results suggest that the removed items may not carry diagnostically relevant information in adults with ID; thus, excluding these items may result in a more efficient and age-appropriate screening measure for this population. However, due to the low specificity values, a comprehensive assessment is essential for a final diagnostic assignment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1795 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] The Social Communication Questionnaire for adults with intellectual disability: SCQ-AID [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Olivia DERKS, Auteur ; Manuel HEINRICH, Auteur ; Whitney BROOKS, Auteur ; Paula STERKENBURG, Auteur ; Jane MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Lisa UNDERWOOD, Auteur ; Tanja SAPPOK, Auteur . - p.1481-1490. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1481-1490 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  intellectual disability (ID)  social communication questionnaire (SCQ)  assessment  validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently co-occurs with intellectual disability (ID) and often remains undiagnosed until adulthood. The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) is a widely used measure to screen for ASD. To improve the utility of the SCQ for adults with ID, the aim of this study was to develop an ID-specific and adult appropriate algorithm for the SCQ using a core set of valid items. These items were identified in one sample (N = 226) and further cross-validated in a second, independent sample (N = 225) from Germany, England and the U.S. The newly developed algorithm has 24 items compared with the 40 items in the original instrument. The reduced item core set yielded similar diagnostic validity as the original algorithm with good sensitivity values (0.81–0.89) and low specificity values (0.62–0.72). Overall, these results suggest that the removed items may not carry diagnostically relevant information in adults with ID; thus, excluding these items may result in a more efficient and age-appropriate screening measure for this population. However, due to the low specificity values, a comprehensive assessment is essential for a final diagnostic assignment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1795 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST): Spanish adaptation and validation / Paula MORALES-HIDALGO in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1491-1498 Titre : The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST): Spanish adaptation and validation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paula MORALES-HIDALGO, Auteur ; Joana ROIGÉ-CASTELLVÍ, Auteur ; Andreu VIGIL-COLET, Auteur ; Josefa CANALS SANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1491-1498 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : CAST  ASD  Spanish population  psychometric properties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST; Scott, Baron-Cohen, Bolton & Brayne, 2002) has proved to be a good test for screening autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and social communication problems. This study provides evidence on its psychometric properties, describe its validity for screening and provides data on its discriminative capabilities in a Spanish sample of 4–12 year-old children from community and clinical settings (N = 1460 and 36, respectively). Factorial and convergent validity is also assessed. The full Spanish version with a cut-off score of 15 presented a high sensitivity (83.9%) and specificity (92.5%), a positive predictive value (PPV) of .63 and an internal consistency (?) of .826. Some items showed low discriminating power and these results led us to propose a reduced version with 28 items and a cut-off score of 13, which presented a high sensitivity (85.7%) and specificity (91.16%), a PPV of .61 and an ? of .839. Correlations were high between the Spanish full and reduced versions of the CAST, and ADI-R (Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised) and ADOS-2 (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition). Like previous adaptation studies, a two-factor structure was found. The data show that the CAST can be a valid and reliable questionnaire for ASD screening in Spanish clinical and community populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1793 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST): Spanish adaptation and validation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paula MORALES-HIDALGO, Auteur ; Joana ROIGÉ-CASTELLVÍ, Auteur ; Andreu VIGIL-COLET, Auteur ; Josefa CANALS SANS, Auteur . - p.1491-1498. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1491-1498 Mots-clés : CAST  ASD  Spanish population  psychometric properties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST; Scott, Baron-Cohen, Bolton & Brayne, 2002) has proved to be a good test for screening autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and social communication problems. This study provides evidence on its psychometric properties, describe its validity for screening and provides data on its discriminative capabilities in a Spanish sample of 4–12 year-old children from community and clinical settings (N = 1460 and 36, respectively). Factorial and convergent validity is also assessed. The full Spanish version with a cut-off score of 15 presented a high sensitivity (83.9%) and specificity (92.5%), a positive predictive value (PPV) of .63 and an internal consistency (?) of .826. Some items showed low discriminating power and these results led us to propose a reduced version with 28 items and a cut-off score of 13, which presented a high sensitivity (85.7%) and specificity (91.16%), a PPV of .61 and an ? of .839. Correlations were high between the Spanish full and reduced versions of the CAST, and ADI-R (Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised) and ADOS-2 (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition). Like previous adaptation studies, a two-factor structure was found. The data show that the CAST can be a valid and reliable questionnaire for ASD screening in Spanish clinical and community populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1793 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Psychophysiological responses to emotions of others in young children with autism spectrum disorders: Correlates of social functioning / Gemma ZANTINGE in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1499-1509 Titre : Psychophysiological responses to emotions of others in young children with autism spectrum disorders: Correlates of social functioning Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gemma ZANTINGE, Auteur ; Sophie VAN RIJN, Auteur ; Lex STOCKMANN, Auteur ; Hanna SWAAB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1499-1509 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  young children  social attention  psychophysiology  social behavior  eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studying cognitive and affective mechanisms of social behavior could lead to identifying early indicators of derailing social behavior in young children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The present study combined sensitive and objective techniques, such as eyetracking and psychophysiology, to provide insight into early neurodevelopmental mechanisms that are more difficult to uncover when relying on behavioral measures. Social attention towards faces and changes in affective arousal were investigated together in 28 young children with ASD (42–75 months) and 45 nonclinical controls (41–81 months). Children were shown a social-emotional video clip while eyetracking and heart rate were measured. Children with ASD fixated less on key social-emotional features within the clip as compared to controls, even though both groups attended equally toward the screen. In contrast to the control group, children with ASD did not show an increase or modulation in affective arousal in response to the social-emotional scenes. Severity of ASD symptoms, specifically social problems, was associated with arousal modulation and social attention within the ASD group. Early ASD symptoms are associated with impairments in fundamental building blocks of social behavior as expressed in a lack in spontaneous social attention and affective arousal. Such sensitive and objective measures of underlying mechanisms might serve as indicators for tailored approaches in treatment and may help in evaluating effectiveness of early interventions aimed at positively influencing social development and related quality of life in individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1794 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Psychophysiological responses to emotions of others in young children with autism spectrum disorders: Correlates of social functioning [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gemma ZANTINGE, Auteur ; Sophie VAN RIJN, Auteur ; Lex STOCKMANN, Auteur ; Hanna SWAAB, Auteur . - p.1499-1509. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1499-1509 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  young children  social attention  psychophysiology  social behavior  eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studying cognitive and affective mechanisms of social behavior could lead to identifying early indicators of derailing social behavior in young children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The present study combined sensitive and objective techniques, such as eyetracking and psychophysiology, to provide insight into early neurodevelopmental mechanisms that are more difficult to uncover when relying on behavioral measures. Social attention towards faces and changes in affective arousal were investigated together in 28 young children with ASD (42–75 months) and 45 nonclinical controls (41–81 months). Children were shown a social-emotional video clip while eyetracking and heart rate were measured. Children with ASD fixated less on key social-emotional features within the clip as compared to controls, even though both groups attended equally toward the screen. In contrast to the control group, children with ASD did not show an increase or modulation in affective arousal in response to the social-emotional scenes. Severity of ASD symptoms, specifically social problems, was associated with arousal modulation and social attention within the ASD group. Early ASD symptoms are associated with impairments in fundamental building blocks of social behavior as expressed in a lack in spontaneous social attention and affective arousal. Such sensitive and objective measures of underlying mechanisms might serve as indicators for tailored approaches in treatment and may help in evaluating effectiveness of early interventions aimed at positively influencing social development and related quality of life in individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1794 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Atypical perception in autism: A failure of perceptual specialization? / Bat-Sheva HADAD in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1510-1522 Titre : Atypical perception in autism: A failure of perceptual specialization? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bat-Sheva HADAD, Auteur ; Eugenia K. GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Natalie N. RUSSO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1510-1522 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  autism  perception  perceptual specialization  color perception  separable and integral perception  predictive coding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether reduced perceptual specialization underlies atypical perception in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) testing classifications of stimuli that differ either along integral dimensions (prototypical integral dimensions of value and chroma), or along separable dimensions (prototypical separable dimensions of value and size). Current models of the perception of individuals with an ASD would suggest that on these tasks, individuals with ASD would be as, or more, likely to process dimensions as separable, regardless of whether they represented separable or integrated dimensions. In contrast, reduced specialization would propose that individuals with ASD would respond in a more integral manner to stimuli that differ along separable dimensions, and at the same time, respond in a more separable manner to stimuli that differ along integral dimensions. A group of nineteen adults diagnosed with high functioning ASD and seventeen typically developing participants of similar age and IQ, were tested on speeded and restricted classifications tasks. Consistent with the reduced specialization account, results show that individuals with ASD do not always respond more analytically than typically developed (TD) observers: Dimensions identified as integral for TD individuals evoke less integral responding in individuals with ASD, while those identified as separable evoke less analytic responding. These results suggest that perceptual representations are more broadly tuned and more flexibly represented in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1800 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Atypical perception in autism: A failure of perceptual specialization? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bat-Sheva HADAD, Auteur ; Eugenia K. GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Natalie N. RUSSO, Auteur . - p.1510-1522. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1510-1522 Mots-clés : ASD  autism  perception  perceptual specialization  color perception  separable and integral perception  predictive coding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether reduced perceptual specialization underlies atypical perception in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) testing classifications of stimuli that differ either along integral dimensions (prototypical integral dimensions of value and chroma), or along separable dimensions (prototypical separable dimensions of value and size). Current models of the perception of individuals with an ASD would suggest that on these tasks, individuals with ASD would be as, or more, likely to process dimensions as separable, regardless of whether they represented separable or integrated dimensions. In contrast, reduced specialization would propose that individuals with ASD would respond in a more integral manner to stimuli that differ along separable dimensions, and at the same time, respond in a more separable manner to stimuli that differ along integral dimensions. A group of nineteen adults diagnosed with high functioning ASD and seventeen typically developing participants of similar age and IQ, were tested on speeded and restricted classifications tasks. Consistent with the reduced specialization account, results show that individuals with ASD do not always respond more analytically than typically developed (TD) observers: Dimensions identified as integral for TD individuals evoke less integral responding in individuals with ASD, while those identified as separable evoke less analytic responding. These results suggest that perceptual representations are more broadly tuned and more flexibly represented in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1800 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Long-term memory in older children/adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder / Nancy J. MINSHEW ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1523-1532 Titre : Long-term memory in older children/adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1523-1532 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  memory  long-term memory  episodic memory  narrative  memory development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study extends prior memory reports in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by investigating memory for narratives after longer recall periods and by examining developmental aspects of narrative memory using a cross-sectional design. Forty-seven older children/adolescents with ASD and 31 youth with typical development (TD) and 39 adults with ASD and 45 TD adults were compared on memory for stories from standardized measures appropriate for each age group at three intervals (immediate, 30 min, and 2 day). Both the youth with and without ASD had difficulty with memory for story details with increasing time intervals. More of the youths with ASD performed in the range of impairment when recalling the stories 2 days later as compared to the TD group. The adults with ASD had more difficulty on memory for story details with increasing delay and were poorer at recall of thematic information (needed to create a gist) across the three delay conditions as compared to the TD group. Analyses of the individual results suggested that memory for details of most of the adults with ASD was not impaired when applying a clinical standard; however, a significant percentage of the adults with ASD did not make use of thematic information to organize the narrative information, which would have helped them to remember the stories. The youth with and without ASD performed similarly when both were at a stage of development when memory for details is the primary strategy. The adults with ASD had difficulty with use organizational strategies to support episodic memory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1801 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Long-term memory in older children/adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur . - p.1523-1532. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1523-1532 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  memory  long-term memory  episodic memory  narrative  memory development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study extends prior memory reports in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by investigating memory for narratives after longer recall periods and by examining developmental aspects of narrative memory using a cross-sectional design. Forty-seven older children/adolescents with ASD and 31 youth with typical development (TD) and 39 adults with ASD and 45 TD adults were compared on memory for stories from standardized measures appropriate for each age group at three intervals (immediate, 30 min, and 2 day). Both the youth with and without ASD had difficulty with memory for story details with increasing time intervals. More of the youths with ASD performed in the range of impairment when recalling the stories 2 days later as compared to the TD group. The adults with ASD had more difficulty on memory for story details with increasing delay and were poorer at recall of thematic information (needed to create a gist) across the three delay conditions as compared to the TD group. Analyses of the individual results suggested that memory for details of most of the adults with ASD was not impaired when applying a clinical standard; however, a significant percentage of the adults with ASD did not make use of thematic information to organize the narrative information, which would have helped them to remember the stories. The youth with and without ASD performed similarly when both were at a stage of development when memory for details is the primary strategy. The adults with ASD had difficulty with use organizational strategies to support episodic memory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1801 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Autism: Too eager to learn? Event related potential findings of increased dependency on intentional learning in a serial reaction time task / Fenny S. ZWART in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1533-1543 Titre : Autism: Too eager to learn? Event related potential findings of increased dependency on intentional learning in a serial reaction time task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Fenny S. ZWART, Auteur ; Constance T. W. M. VISSERS, Auteur ; Roemer VAN DER MEIJ, Auteur ; Roy P. C. KESSELS, Auteur ; Joseph H. R. MAES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1533-1543 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  implicit learning  incidental learning  event related potentials  N2b  P3  serial reaction time task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been suggested that people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an increased tendency to use explicit (or intentional) learning strategies. This altered learning may play a role in the development of the social communication difficulties characterizing ASD. In the current study, we investigated incidental and intentional sequence learning using a Serial Reaction Time (SRT) task in an adult ASD population. Response times and event related potentials (ERP) components (N2b and P3) were assessed as indicators of learning and knowledge. Findings showed that behaviorally, sequence learning and ensuing explicit knowledge were similar in ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. However, ERP findings showed that learning in the TD group was characterized by an enhanced N2b, while learning in the ASD group was characterized by an enhanced P3. These findings suggest that learning in the TD group might be more incidental in nature, whereas learning in the ASD group is more intentional or effortful. Increased intentional learning might serve as a strategy for individuals with ASD to control an overwhelming environment. Although this led to similar behavioral performances on the SRT task, it is very plausible that this intentional learning has adverse effects in more complex social situations, and hence contributes to the social impairments found in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1802 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Autism: Too eager to learn? Event related potential findings of increased dependency on intentional learning in a serial reaction time task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Fenny S. ZWART, Auteur ; Constance T. W. M. VISSERS, Auteur ; Roemer VAN DER MEIJ, Auteur ; Roy P. C. KESSELS, Auteur ; Joseph H. R. MAES, Auteur . - p.1533-1543. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1533-1543 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  implicit learning  incidental learning  event related potentials  N2b  P3  serial reaction time task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been suggested that people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an increased tendency to use explicit (or intentional) learning strategies. This altered learning may play a role in the development of the social communication difficulties characterizing ASD. In the current study, we investigated incidental and intentional sequence learning using a Serial Reaction Time (SRT) task in an adult ASD population. Response times and event related potentials (ERP) components (N2b and P3) were assessed as indicators of learning and knowledge. Findings showed that behaviorally, sequence learning and ensuing explicit knowledge were similar in ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. However, ERP findings showed that learning in the TD group was characterized by an enhanced N2b, while learning in the ASD group was characterized by an enhanced P3. These findings suggest that learning in the TD group might be more incidental in nature, whereas learning in the ASD group is more intentional or effortful. Increased intentional learning might serve as a strategy for individuals with ASD to control an overwhelming environment. Although this led to similar behavioral performances on the SRT task, it is very plausible that this intentional learning has adverse effects in more complex social situations, and hence contributes to the social impairments found in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1802 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Maternal hirsutism and autism spectrum disorders in offspring / Brian K. LEE in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1544-1546 Titre : Maternal hirsutism and autism spectrum disorders in offspring Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Brian K. LEE, Auteur ; Stefan ARVER, Auteur ; Linnea WIDMAN, Auteur ; Renee M. GARDNER, Auteur ; Cecilia MAGNUSSON, Auteur ; Christina DALMAN, Auteur ; Kyriaki KOSIDOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1544-1546 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : epidemiology - analytic (risk factors)  pre- and perinatal risk factors  environmental risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Because animal and human studies indicate that androgen exposure can influence neurodevelopment, it has been hypothesized that prenatal exposure to excess androgens may predispose to disorders with male-skewed ratio such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Therefore, maternal conditions characterized by hyperandrogenism such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hirsutism may be relevant to child ASD. We previously found in a large Swedish case-control study of 23,748 ASD cases and 208,796 matched controls that PCOS in mothers is associated with increased offspring risk of ASD. In the same sample, we have now examined whether maternal diagnoses of hirsutism were associated with ASD. In both unadjusted logistic regression models and models adjusted for a variety of covariates, hirsutism was associated with higher odds of ASD. The most adjusted odds ratios for associations with ASD for hirsutism diagnosis before birth and lifetime diagnosis of hirsutism were 1.64 (95% CI: 0.94, 2.83) and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.57), respectively. The presence of an association of maternal hirsutism with child ASD is consistent with the hypothesis that androgens may be involved in the etiology of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1797 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Maternal hirsutism and autism spectrum disorders in offspring [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brian K. LEE, Auteur ; Stefan ARVER, Auteur ; Linnea WIDMAN, Auteur ; Renee M. GARDNER, Auteur ; Cecilia MAGNUSSON, Auteur ; Christina DALMAN, Auteur ; Kyriaki KOSIDOU, Auteur . - p.1544-1546. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1544-1546 Mots-clés : epidemiology - analytic (risk factors)  pre- and perinatal risk factors  environmental risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Because animal and human studies indicate that androgen exposure can influence neurodevelopment, it has been hypothesized that prenatal exposure to excess androgens may predispose to disorders with male-skewed ratio such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Therefore, maternal conditions characterized by hyperandrogenism such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hirsutism may be relevant to child ASD. We previously found in a large Swedish case-control study of 23,748 ASD cases and 208,796 matched controls that PCOS in mothers is associated with increased offspring risk of ASD. In the same sample, we have now examined whether maternal diagnoses of hirsutism were associated with ASD. In both unadjusted logistic regression models and models adjusted for a variety of covariates, hirsutism was associated with higher odds of ASD. The most adjusted odds ratios for associations with ASD for hirsutism diagnosis before birth and lifetime diagnosis of hirsutism were 1.64 (95% CI: 0.94, 2.83) and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.57), respectively. The presence of an association of maternal hirsutism with child ASD is consistent with the hypothesis that androgens may be involved in the etiology of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1797 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Assessment of presentation patterns, clinical severity, and sensorial mechanism of tip-toe behavior in severe ASD subjects with intellectual disability: A cohort observational study / Giulio VALAGUSSA in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1547-1557 Titre : Assessment of presentation patterns, clinical severity, and sensorial mechanism of tip-toe behavior in severe ASD subjects with intellectual disability: A cohort observational study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Giulio VALAGUSSA, Auteur ; Luca TRENTIN, Auteur ; Valeria BALATTI, Auteur ; Enzo GROSSI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1547-1557 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : toe walking  autism spectrum disorder  assessment  language delay Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We assessed presentation patterns and characteristics of tip-toe behavior (TTB), more commonly known as toe walking, in a cohort of severe autism spectrum disorder (ASD) subjects with intellectual disability in two studies. The first study included 69 consecutive ASD subjects (57 males, mean age?=?14 years—3.7 SD) under observation at our institute. A therapist assessed the presence of TTB during standing, walking, and running through direct observation and an interview with the subjects main caregiver. The prevalence of TTB was 32%. We found three clinical presentation patterns of TTB: (1) present when standing, walking and running (45.5%), (2) present when walking and running (18.4%), or (3) present only when running (36.4%). TTB subjects were more frequently nonverbal than those without TTB (72.7% vs. 44.6%-P?=?0.03). On the other hand, no significant difference in ASD severity according to the ADOS scale was found between TTB and non-TTB subjects. In the second study, carried out in a subgroup of 14 ASD subjects (7 TTB and 7 non-TTB), we evidenced that a soft floor surface (foam mats) made a substantial difference in reducing the TTB phenomenon. TTB is frequently present in ASD individuals and may occur in three mutually exclusive modalities, which ultimately defines what is commonly known as toe walking. The presence of TTB seems correlated to the severity of language delay. Foot contact on soft surfaces reduces TTB both during static and/or dynamic tasks. Further evaluation is needed to clarify the potential pathophysiological implications of this phenomenon. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1796 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Assessment of presentation patterns, clinical severity, and sensorial mechanism of tip-toe behavior in severe ASD subjects with intellectual disability: A cohort observational study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Giulio VALAGUSSA, Auteur ; Luca TRENTIN, Auteur ; Valeria BALATTI, Auteur ; Enzo GROSSI, Auteur . - p.1547-1557. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1547-1557 Mots-clés : toe walking  autism spectrum disorder  assessment  language delay Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We assessed presentation patterns and characteristics of tip-toe behavior (TTB), more commonly known as toe walking, in a cohort of severe autism spectrum disorder (ASD) subjects with intellectual disability in two studies. The first study included 69 consecutive ASD subjects (57 males, mean age?=?14 years—3.7 SD) under observation at our institute. A therapist assessed the presence of TTB during standing, walking, and running through direct observation and an interview with the subjects main caregiver. The prevalence of TTB was 32%. We found three clinical presentation patterns of TTB: (1) present when standing, walking and running (45.5%), (2) present when walking and running (18.4%), or (3) present only when running (36.4%). TTB subjects were more frequently nonverbal than those without TTB (72.7% vs. 44.6%-P?=?0.03). On the other hand, no significant difference in ASD severity according to the ADOS scale was found between TTB and non-TTB subjects. In the second study, carried out in a subgroup of 14 ASD subjects (7 TTB and 7 non-TTB), we evidenced that a soft floor surface (foam mats) made a substantial difference in reducing the TTB phenomenon. TTB is frequently present in ASD individuals and may occur in three mutually exclusive modalities, which ultimately defines what is commonly known as toe walking. The presence of TTB seems correlated to the severity of language delay. Foot contact on soft surfaces reduces TTB both during static and/or dynamic tasks. Further evaluation is needed to clarify the potential pathophysiological implications of this phenomenon. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1796 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Identifying the clinical needs and patterns of health service use of adolescent girls and women with autism spectrum disorder / Ami TINT in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1558-1566 Titre : Identifying the clinical needs and patterns of health service use of adolescent girls and women with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ami TINT, Auteur ; Jonathan A. WEISS, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1558-1566 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  gender/female autism spectrum disorder  sex differences  adult  adolescent  service use Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Girls and women in the general population present with a distinct profile of clinical needs and use more associated health services compared to boys and men; however, research focused on health service use patterns among girls and women with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is limited. In the current study, caregivers of 61 adolescent girls and women with ASD and 223 boys and men with ASD completed an online survey. Descriptive analyses were conducted to better understand the clinical needs and associated service use patterns of girls and women with ASD. Sex/gender comparisons were made of individuals’ clinical needs and service use. Adolescent girls and women with ASD had prevalent co-occurring mental and physical conditions and parents reported elevated levels of caregiver strain. Multiple service use was common across age groups, particularly among adolescent girls and women with intellectual disability. Overall, few sex/gender differences emerged, although a significantly greater proportion of girls and women accessed psychiatry and emergency department services as compared to boys and men. Though the current study is limited by its use of parent report and small sample size, it suggests that girls and women with ASD may share many of the same high clinical needs and patterns of services use as boys and men with ASD. Areas for future research are discussed to help ensure appropriate support is provided to this understudied population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1806 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Identifying the clinical needs and patterns of health service use of adolescent girls and women with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ami TINT, Auteur ; Jonathan A. WEISS, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur . - p.1558-1566. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1558-1566 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  gender/female autism spectrum disorder  sex differences  adult  adolescent  service use Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Girls and women in the general population present with a distinct profile of clinical needs and use more associated health services compared to boys and men; however, research focused on health service use patterns among girls and women with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is limited. In the current study, caregivers of 61 adolescent girls and women with ASD and 223 boys and men with ASD completed an online survey. Descriptive analyses were conducted to better understand the clinical needs and associated service use patterns of girls and women with ASD. Sex/gender comparisons were made of individuals’ clinical needs and service use. Adolescent girls and women with ASD had prevalent co-occurring mental and physical conditions and parents reported elevated levels of caregiver strain. Multiple service use was common across age groups, particularly among adolescent girls and women with intellectual disability. Overall, few sex/gender differences emerged, although a significantly greater proportion of girls and women accessed psychiatry and emergency department services as compared to boys and men. Though the current study is limited by its use of parent report and small sample size, it suggests that girls and women with ASD may share many of the same high clinical needs and patterns of services use as boys and men with ASD. Areas for future research are discussed to help ensure appropriate support is provided to this understudied population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1806 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Placebo-like response in absence of treatment in children with Autism / Rebecca M. JONES in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1567-1572 Titre : Placebo-like response in absence of treatment in children with Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca M. JONES, Auteur ; Caroline CARBERRY, Auteur ; Amarelle HAMO, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1567-1572 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  placebo response  caregiver report  treatment trial design  Aberrant Behavior Checklist Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Caregiver report is the most common measure of change in pediatric psychiatry. Yet, placebo response rates pose significant challenges to reliably detect a treatment response. The present study simulated an eight-week clinical trial protocol for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) for the purpose of testing the feasibility and validity of several outcome measures. Twenty caregivers answered questions about their child's behavior on their smartphone each week and completed a battery of paper questionnaires during weeks one and eight. No treatment was administered. Caregivers reported a significant decrease in problem behaviors on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) (29% decrease) and general ASD behaviors on the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) (7% decrease). There was also a trend of behavior improvement from smartphone questions but no significant changes in clinical ratings of core diagnostic features of ASD. Participation in a comprehensive protocol in the absence of a particular treatment significantly influenced how caregivers perceived the severity of their children's problem behaviors. These placebo-like effects represent substantial challenges for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that use treatment as usual and have implications for future behavioral and pharmacological treatment trial designs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1798 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Placebo-like response in absence of treatment in children with Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca M. JONES, Auteur ; Caroline CARBERRY, Auteur ; Amarelle HAMO, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur . - p.1567-1572. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1567-1572 Mots-clés : autism  placebo response  caregiver report  treatment trial design  Aberrant Behavior Checklist Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Caregiver report is the most common measure of change in pediatric psychiatry. Yet, placebo response rates pose significant challenges to reliably detect a treatment response. The present study simulated an eight-week clinical trial protocol for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) for the purpose of testing the feasibility and validity of several outcome measures. Twenty caregivers answered questions about their child's behavior on their smartphone each week and completed a battery of paper questionnaires during weeks one and eight. No treatment was administered. Caregivers reported a significant decrease in problem behaviors on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) (29% decrease) and general ASD behaviors on the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) (7% decrease). There was also a trend of behavior improvement from smartphone questions but no significant changes in clinical ratings of core diagnostic features of ASD. Participation in a comprehensive protocol in the absence of a particular treatment significantly influenced how caregivers perceived the severity of their children's problem behaviors. These placebo-like effects represent substantial challenges for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that use treatment as usual and have implications for future behavioral and pharmacological treatment trial designs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1798 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1573-1577 Titre : Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1573-1577 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1875 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1573-1577. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1573-1577 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1875 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320