Evidence for shared genetic risk between ADHD symptoms and reduced mathematics ability: a twin study / Corina U. GREVEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.39-48 Titre : Evidence for shared genetic risk between ADHD symptoms and reduced mathematics ability: a twin study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Yulia KOVAS, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.39-48 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  mathematics  twin study  genetics  reading  general cognitive ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and mathematics ability are associated, but little is known about the genetic and environmental influences underlying this association. Methods Data came from more than 6,000 twelve-year-old twin pairs from the UK population-representative Twins Early Development Study. Parents rated each twin's behaviour using a DSM-IV-based 18-item questionnaire of inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive ADHD symptoms. Mathematics tests based on the UK National Curriculum were completed by each twin. The twins also completed standardised tests of reading and general cognitive ability. Multivariate twin model fitting was applied. Results Inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive ADHD symptoms were highly heritable (67% and 73% respectively). Mathematics ability was moderately heritable (46%). Mathematics ability and inattentiveness showed a significantly greater phenotypic correlation (rp = ?.26) and genetic correlation (rA = ?.41) than mathematics ability and hyperactivity–impulsivity (rp = ?.18; rA = ?.22). The genetic correlation between inattentiveness and mathematics ability was largely independent from hyperactivity-impulsivity, and was only partially accounted for by genetic influences related to reading and general cognitive ability. Conclusions Results revealed the novel finding that mathematics ability shows significantly stronger phenotypic and genetic associations with inattentiveness than with hyperactivity–impulsivity. Genetic associations between inattentiveness and mathematics ability could only partially be accounted for by hyperactivity–impulsivity, reading and general cognitive ability. Results suggest that mathematics ability is associated with ADHD symptoms largely because it shares genetic risk factors with inattentiveness, and provide further evidence for considering inattentiveness and hyperactivity–impulsivity separately. DNA markers for ADHD symptoms (especially inattentiveness) may also be candidate risk factors for mathematics ability and vice versa. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12090 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Evidence for shared genetic risk between ADHD symptoms and reduced mathematics ability: a twin study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Yulia KOVAS, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur . - p.39-48. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.39-48 Mots-clés : ADHD  mathematics  twin study  genetics  reading  general cognitive ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and mathematics ability are associated, but little is known about the genetic and environmental influences underlying this association. Methods Data came from more than 6,000 twelve-year-old twin pairs from the UK population-representative Twins Early Development Study. Parents rated each twin's behaviour using a DSM-IV-based 18-item questionnaire of inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive ADHD symptoms. Mathematics tests based on the UK National Curriculum were completed by each twin. The twins also completed standardised tests of reading and general cognitive ability. Multivariate twin model fitting was applied. Results Inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive ADHD symptoms were highly heritable (67% and 73% respectively). Mathematics ability was moderately heritable (46%). Mathematics ability and inattentiveness showed a significantly greater phenotypic correlation (rp = ?.26) and genetic correlation (rA = ?.41) than mathematics ability and hyperactivity–impulsivity (rp = ?.18; rA = ?.22). The genetic correlation between inattentiveness and mathematics ability was largely independent from hyperactivity-impulsivity, and was only partially accounted for by genetic influences related to reading and general cognitive ability. Conclusions Results revealed the novel finding that mathematics ability shows significantly stronger phenotypic and genetic associations with inattentiveness than with hyperactivity–impulsivity. Genetic associations between inattentiveness and mathematics ability could only partially be accounted for by hyperactivity–impulsivity, reading and general cognitive ability. Results suggest that mathematics ability is associated with ADHD symptoms largely because it shares genetic risk factors with inattentiveness, and provide further evidence for considering inattentiveness and hyperactivity–impulsivity separately. DNA markers for ADHD symptoms (especially inattentiveness) may also be candidate risk factors for mathematics ability and vice versa. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12090 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

From positive psychology to psychopathology: the continuum of attention?deficit hyperactivity disorder / Corina U. GREVEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-3 (March 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-3 (March 2018) . - p.203-212 Titre : From positive psychology to psychopathology: the continuum of attention?deficit hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.203-212 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Integration of positive psychology into clinical research and treatment has been slow. This integration can be facilitated by the conceptualisation of mental disorders as the high, symptomatic extreme of continuous normal variation. This assumes that there is also a low, positive extreme, which is, however, unchartered territory. This study aims to examine how well current measures capture the low extreme of mental disorder continua, using attention?deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as an example. Methods The ability of three validated scales to capture ADHD as a continuous trait was examined using Item Response Theory in a sample of 9,882 adolescents from the UK population?representative Twins Early Development Study. These scales were: the Strengths and Weakness of ADHD Symptoms and Normal behaviour scale (SWAN), Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ – hyperactivity subscale), and Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (Conners). Results Only the SWAN reliably differentiated interindividual differences between participants lying at any level of the continuous ADHD latent trait, including the extreme low, positive end (z?scores from ?3 to +3). The SDQ showed low reliability across the ADHD latent trait. In contrast, the Conners performed best at differentiating individuals scoring at or above the mean to the high symptomatic range (z?scores from 0 to +3). The SWAN was the only measure to provide indicators of ‘positive mental health’, endorsed in the presence of particularly good attentive abilities. Conclusions Scales such as the SWAN that reliably capture ADHD as a continuous trait, including the positive end, are important for not missing meaningful variation in population?based studies. Indicators of positive mental health may be helpful in clinical practice, as positive attributes have been shown to directly influence as well as buffer negative effects of psychiatric symptoms. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12786 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=339 [article] From positive psychology to psychopathology: the continuum of attention?deficit hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur . - p.203-212. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-3 (March 2018) . - p.203-212 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Integration of positive psychology into clinical research and treatment has been slow. This integration can be facilitated by the conceptualisation of mental disorders as the high, symptomatic extreme of continuous normal variation. This assumes that there is also a low, positive extreme, which is, however, unchartered territory. This study aims to examine how well current measures capture the low extreme of mental disorder continua, using attention?deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as an example. Methods The ability of three validated scales to capture ADHD as a continuous trait was examined using Item Response Theory in a sample of 9,882 adolescents from the UK population?representative Twins Early Development Study. These scales were: the Strengths and Weakness of ADHD Symptoms and Normal behaviour scale (SWAN), Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ – hyperactivity subscale), and Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (Conners). Results Only the SWAN reliably differentiated interindividual differences between participants lying at any level of the continuous ADHD latent trait, including the extreme low, positive end (z?scores from ?3 to +3). The SDQ showed low reliability across the ADHD latent trait. In contrast, the Conners performed best at differentiating individuals scoring at or above the mean to the high symptomatic range (z?scores from 0 to +3). The SWAN was the only measure to provide indicators of ‘positive mental health’, endorsed in the presence of particularly good attentive abilities. Conclusions Scales such as the SWAN that reliably capture ADHD as a continuous trait, including the positive end, are important for not missing meaningful variation in population?based studies. Indicators of positive mental health may be helpful in clinical practice, as positive attributes have been shown to directly influence as well as buffer negative effects of psychiatric symptoms. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12786 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=339

A longitudinal twin study on the association between ADHD symptoms and reading / Corina U. GREVEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-3 (March 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-3 (March 2012) . - p.234-242 Titre : A longitudinal twin study on the association between ADHD symptoms and reading Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.234-242 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  inattentiveness  hyperactivity-impulsivity  reading  longitudinal  twin;genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disability commonly co-occur because of shared genetic risk factors. However, the stability and change of these genetic influences and the predictive relationships underlying this association longitudinally remain unclear. Methods:  ADHD symptoms and reading were assessed as continuous dimensions in a UK general population sample of approximately 7,000 twin pairs. Parent ratings of ADHD symptoms and teacher ratings of reading were obtained at two ages: middle childhood (ages 7–8 years) and early adolescence (ages 11–12 years). Cross-lagged quantitative genetic analyses were applied. Results:  ADHD symptoms and reading significantly predicted each other over time. However, ADHD symptoms were a significantly stronger predictor of reading than vice versa. Inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms of ADHD both contributed to the prediction of reading, but inattentiveness was a significantly stronger predictor. Furthermore, ADHD symptoms and reading were highly heritable, and their association was primarily attributable to shared genetic influences. Despite notable genetic innovation for each trait, genetic factors involved in the association of ADHD symptoms and reading over time were highly stable. Conclusions:  ADHD symptoms may put children at increased risk for reading problems and vice versa. Moreover, enduring genetic mechanisms appear to be important in the association of ADHD symptoms and reading over time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02445.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152 [article] A longitudinal twin study on the association between ADHD symptoms and reading [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.234-242. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-3 (March 2012) . - p.234-242 Mots-clés : ADHD  inattentiveness  hyperactivity-impulsivity  reading  longitudinal  twin;genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disability commonly co-occur because of shared genetic risk factors. However, the stability and change of these genetic influences and the predictive relationships underlying this association longitudinally remain unclear. Methods:  ADHD symptoms and reading were assessed as continuous dimensions in a UK general population sample of approximately 7,000 twin pairs. Parent ratings of ADHD symptoms and teacher ratings of reading were obtained at two ages: middle childhood (ages 7–8 years) and early adolescence (ages 11–12 years). Cross-lagged quantitative genetic analyses were applied. Results:  ADHD symptoms and reading significantly predicted each other over time. However, ADHD symptoms were a significantly stronger predictor of reading than vice versa. Inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms of ADHD both contributed to the prediction of reading, but inattentiveness was a significantly stronger predictor. Furthermore, ADHD symptoms and reading were highly heritable, and their association was primarily attributable to shared genetic influences. Despite notable genetic innovation for each trait, genetic factors involved in the association of ADHD symptoms and reading over time were highly stable. Conclusions:  ADHD symptoms may put children at increased risk for reading problems and vice versa. Moreover, enduring genetic mechanisms appear to be important in the association of ADHD symptoms and reading over time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02445.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152

Neurocognitive predictors of substance use disorders and nicotine dependence in ADHD probands, their unaffected siblings, and controls: a 4-year prospective follow-up / Annabeth P. GROENMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-5 (May 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-5 (May 2015) . - p.521-529 Titre : Neurocognitive predictors of substance use disorders and nicotine dependence in ADHD probands, their unaffected siblings, and controls: a 4-year prospective follow-up Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Annabeth P. GROENMAN, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Pieter Jelle VUIJK, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Joseph SERGEANT, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.521-529 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder  substance use disorder  nicotine dependence  neurocognitive functions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a risk factor for substance use disorders (SUDs) and nicotine dependence (ND). Neurocognitive deficits may predict the increased risk of developing SUDs and nicotine dependence. Methods This study comprised three groups derived from the Dutch part of the International Multicenter ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study: ADHD probands (n = 294), unaffected siblings (n = 161), and controls (n = 214). At baseline (age = 12.2), a range of neurocognitive functions was assessed including executive functions (inhibition, working memory, timing), measures of motor functioning (motor timing and tracking) and IQ. After a mean follow-up of 4.2 years, SUDs and ND were assessed. Results None of the neurocognitive functions predicted later SUDs or ND in ADHD probands, even after controlling for medication use and conduct disorder. Slower response inhibition predicted later nicotine dependence in unaffected siblings (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.22–3.48), and lower IQ predicted increased risk for SUDs in controls (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.12–3.44). Conclusions Cold executive functions, motor functioning, and IQ did not predict the elevated risk of SUDs and ND in ADHD. Future studies should target ‘hot’ executive functions such as reward processing as risk factors for SUDs or ND. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12315 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Neurocognitive predictors of substance use disorders and nicotine dependence in ADHD probands, their unaffected siblings, and controls: a 4-year prospective follow-up [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Annabeth P. GROENMAN, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Pieter Jelle VUIJK, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Joseph SERGEANT, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur . - p.521-529. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-5 (May 2015) . - p.521-529 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder  substance use disorder  nicotine dependence  neurocognitive functions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a risk factor for substance use disorders (SUDs) and nicotine dependence (ND). Neurocognitive deficits may predict the increased risk of developing SUDs and nicotine dependence. Methods This study comprised three groups derived from the Dutch part of the International Multicenter ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study: ADHD probands (n = 294), unaffected siblings (n = 161), and controls (n = 214). At baseline (age = 12.2), a range of neurocognitive functions was assessed including executive functions (inhibition, working memory, timing), measures of motor functioning (motor timing and tracking) and IQ. After a mean follow-up of 4.2 years, SUDs and ND were assessed. Results None of the neurocognitive functions predicted later SUDs or ND in ADHD probands, even after controlling for medication use and conduct disorder. Slower response inhibition predicted later nicotine dependence in unaffected siblings (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.22–3.48), and lower IQ predicted increased risk for SUDs in controls (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.12–3.44). Conclusions Cold executive functions, motor functioning, and IQ did not predict the elevated risk of SUDs and ND in ADHD. Future studies should target ‘hot’ executive functions such as reward processing as risk factors for SUDs or ND. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12315 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Pathological demand avoidance: Exploring the behavioural profile / Elizabeth O’NIONS in Autism, 18-5 (July 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-5 (July 2014) . - p.538-544 Titre : Pathological demand avoidance: Exploring the behavioural profile Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth O’NIONS, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.538-544 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : atypical autism  autism spectrum disorder  conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits  pathological demand avoidance  phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ‘Pathological Demand Avoidance’ is a term increasingly used by practitioners in the United Kingdom. It was coined to describe a profile of obsessive resistance to everyday demands and requests, with a tendency to resort to ‘socially manipulative’ behaviour, including outrageous or embarrassing acts. Pathological demand avoidance is thought to share aspects of social impairment with autism spectrum disorders, but autism spectrum disorder–appropriate strategies, such as routine and repetition, are described as unhelpful. Outrageous acts and lack of concern for their effects draw parallels with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. However, reward-based techniques, effective with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits, seem not to work in pathological demand avoidance. Despite increasing interest and controversy over the pathological demand avoidance label, there is only one published study to date. We present the first systematic comparison of the behavioural profile of children receiving the term pathological demand avoidance (N = 25) to children with autism spectrum disorders (N = 39) or conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits (N = 28), using parent-report indices of psychopathology. The pathological demand avoidance group displayed comparable levels of autistic traits and peer problems to the autism spectrum disorders group and anti-social traits approaching those seen in the conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits group. Emotional symptoms in pathological demand avoidance exceeded both comparison groups. Findings highlight the extreme behavioural impairment associated with pathological demand avoidance and the need to explore whether behavioural overlap reflects a similar neurocognitive basis to existing groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313481861 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233 [article] Pathological demand avoidance: Exploring the behavioural profile [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth O’NIONS, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.538-544. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-5 (July 2014) . - p.538-544 Mots-clés : atypical autism  autism spectrum disorder  conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits  pathological demand avoidance  phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ‘Pathological Demand Avoidance’ is a term increasingly used by practitioners in the United Kingdom. It was coined to describe a profile of obsessive resistance to everyday demands and requests, with a tendency to resort to ‘socially manipulative’ behaviour, including outrageous or embarrassing acts. Pathological demand avoidance is thought to share aspects of social impairment with autism spectrum disorders, but autism spectrum disorder–appropriate strategies, such as routine and repetition, are described as unhelpful. Outrageous acts and lack of concern for their effects draw parallels with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. However, reward-based techniques, effective with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits, seem not to work in pathological demand avoidance. Despite increasing interest and controversy over the pathological demand avoidance label, there is only one published study to date. We present the first systematic comparison of the behavioural profile of children receiving the term pathological demand avoidance (N = 25) to children with autism spectrum disorders (N = 39) or conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits (N = 28), using parent-report indices of psychopathology. The pathological demand avoidance group displayed comparable levels of autistic traits and peer problems to the autism spectrum disorders group and anti-social traits approaching those seen in the conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits group. Emotional symptoms in pathological demand avoidance exceeded both comparison groups. Findings highlight the extreme behavioural impairment associated with pathological demand avoidance and the need to explore whether behavioural overlap reflects a similar neurocognitive basis to existing groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313481861 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233

Shared genetic influences on ADHD symptoms and very low-frequency EEG activity: a twin study / Charlotte TYE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-6 (June 2012)  

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The opposite end of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder continuum: genetic and environmental aetiologies of extremely low ADHD traits / Corina U. GREVEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)  

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