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Pathological demand avoidance: Exploring the behavioural profile / Elizabeth O’NIONS in Autism, 18-5 (July 2014)
[article]
Titre : Pathological demand avoidance: Exploring the behavioural profile Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth O’NIONS, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.538-544 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : atypical autism autism spectrum disorder conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits pathological demand avoidance phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ‘Pathological Demand Avoidance’ is a term increasingly used by practitioners in the United Kingdom. It was coined to describe a profile of obsessive resistance to everyday demands and requests, with a tendency to resort to ‘socially manipulative’ behaviour, including outrageous or embarrassing acts. Pathological demand avoidance is thought to share aspects of social impairment with autism spectrum disorders, but autism spectrum disorder–appropriate strategies, such as routine and repetition, are described as unhelpful. Outrageous acts and lack of concern for their effects draw parallels with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. However, reward-based techniques, effective with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits, seem not to work in pathological demand avoidance. Despite increasing interest and controversy over the pathological demand avoidance label, there is only one published study to date. We present the first systematic comparison of the behavioural profile of children receiving the term pathological demand avoidance (N = 25) to children with autism spectrum disorders (N = 39) or conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits (N = 28), using parent-report indices of psychopathology. The pathological demand avoidance group displayed comparable levels of autistic traits and peer problems to the autism spectrum disorders group and anti-social traits approaching those seen in the conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits group. Emotional symptoms in pathological demand avoidance exceeded both comparison groups. Findings highlight the extreme behavioural impairment associated with pathological demand avoidance and the need to explore whether behavioural overlap reflects a similar neurocognitive basis to existing groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313481861 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233
in Autism > 18-5 (July 2014) . - p.538-544[article] Pathological demand avoidance: Exploring the behavioural profile [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth O’NIONS, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.538-544.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 18-5 (July 2014) . - p.538-544
Mots-clés : atypical autism autism spectrum disorder conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits pathological demand avoidance phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ‘Pathological Demand Avoidance’ is a term increasingly used by practitioners in the United Kingdom. It was coined to describe a profile of obsessive resistance to everyday demands and requests, with a tendency to resort to ‘socially manipulative’ behaviour, including outrageous or embarrassing acts. Pathological demand avoidance is thought to share aspects of social impairment with autism spectrum disorders, but autism spectrum disorder–appropriate strategies, such as routine and repetition, are described as unhelpful. Outrageous acts and lack of concern for their effects draw parallels with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. However, reward-based techniques, effective with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits, seem not to work in pathological demand avoidance. Despite increasing interest and controversy over the pathological demand avoidance label, there is only one published study to date. We present the first systematic comparison of the behavioural profile of children receiving the term pathological demand avoidance (N = 25) to children with autism spectrum disorders (N = 39) or conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits (N = 28), using parent-report indices of psychopathology. The pathological demand avoidance group displayed comparable levels of autistic traits and peer problems to the autism spectrum disorders group and anti-social traits approaching those seen in the conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits group. Emotional symptoms in pathological demand avoidance exceeded both comparison groups. Findings highlight the extreme behavioural impairment associated with pathological demand avoidance and the need to explore whether behavioural overlap reflects a similar neurocognitive basis to existing groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313481861 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233 Pathological demand avoidance in children and adolescents: A systematic review / A. N. KILDAHL in Autism, 25-8 (November 2021)
[article]
Titre : Pathological demand avoidance in children and adolescents: A systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. N. KILDAHL, Auteur ; S. B. HELVERSCHOU, Auteur ; A. L. RYSSTAD, Auteur ; E. WIGAARD, Auteur ; J. M. HELLERUD, Auteur ; L. B. LUDVIGSEN, Auteur ; P. HOWLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2162-2176 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Humans anxiety autism pathological demand avoidance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Requests for diagnoses of pathological demand avoidance have increased over recent years, but pathological demand avoidance remains a controversial issue. The concept of pathological demand avoidance has been criticised for undermining the self-advocacy of autistic people and neglecting the potential role of anxiety as a possible underlying or contributing cause. The current study was undertaken to summarise and review the methodological quality and findings from current research into pathological demand avoidance in children and adolescents. Further aims were to describe how pathological demand avoidance has been identified and to explore the relationships with autism and other developmental and psychiatric disorders. After a comprehensive search, 13 relevant studies using a wide range of methods were identified and systematic quality assessments were undertaken. All the studies had based the identification of pathological demand avoidance, directly or indirectly, on descriptions from the original study by Newson and colleagues. However, the methods used to develop these criteria were not clearly described. Most studies relied exclusively on parental report for data, and there was a general failure to take account of alternative explanations for the behaviours under study. No studies explored the views of individuals with pathological demand avoidance themselves. Problems concerning definition and measurement in the reviewed studies currently limit any conclusions regarding the uniformity or stability of the behaviours described, or the characteristics of individuals displaying them. Relationships between pathological demand avoidance and other emotional and behavioural difficulties should be explored in future research, as should the perspectives of individuals with pathological demand avoidance themselves. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211034382 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451
in Autism > 25-8 (November 2021) . - p.2162-2176[article] Pathological demand avoidance in children and adolescents: A systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. N. KILDAHL, Auteur ; S. B. HELVERSCHOU, Auteur ; A. L. RYSSTAD, Auteur ; E. WIGAARD, Auteur ; J. M. HELLERUD, Auteur ; L. B. LUDVIGSEN, Auteur ; P. HOWLIN, Auteur . - p.2162-2176.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 25-8 (November 2021) . - p.2162-2176
Mots-clés : Adolescent Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Humans anxiety autism pathological demand avoidance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Requests for diagnoses of pathological demand avoidance have increased over recent years, but pathological demand avoidance remains a controversial issue. The concept of pathological demand avoidance has been criticised for undermining the self-advocacy of autistic people and neglecting the potential role of anxiety as a possible underlying or contributing cause. The current study was undertaken to summarise and review the methodological quality and findings from current research into pathological demand avoidance in children and adolescents. Further aims were to describe how pathological demand avoidance has been identified and to explore the relationships with autism and other developmental and psychiatric disorders. After a comprehensive search, 13 relevant studies using a wide range of methods were identified and systematic quality assessments were undertaken. All the studies had based the identification of pathological demand avoidance, directly or indirectly, on descriptions from the original study by Newson and colleagues. However, the methods used to develop these criteria were not clearly described. Most studies relied exclusively on parental report for data, and there was a general failure to take account of alternative explanations for the behaviours under study. No studies explored the views of individuals with pathological demand avoidance themselves. Problems concerning definition and measurement in the reviewed studies currently limit any conclusions regarding the uniformity or stability of the behaviours described, or the characteristics of individuals displaying them. Relationships between pathological demand avoidance and other emotional and behavioural difficulties should be explored in future research, as should the perspectives of individuals with pathological demand avoidance themselves. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211034382 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451 Development of the ‘Extreme Demand Avoidance Questionnaire’ (EDA-Q): preliminary observations on a trait measure for Pathological Demand Avoidance / Elizabeth O'NIONS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-7 (July 2014)
[article]
Titre : Development of the ‘Extreme Demand Avoidance Questionnaire’ (EDA-Q): preliminary observations on a trait measure for Pathological Demand Avoidance Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth O'NIONS, Auteur ; Phil CHRISTIE, Auteur ; Judith GOULD, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.758-768 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder ASD pathological demand avoidance PDA pervasive developmental disorder conduct problems oppositional defiant disorder ODD disruptive behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Pathological Demand Avoidance (PDA) is a term increasingly used in the United Kingdom to describe children who obsessively resist everyday demands, going to extreme lengths to avoid these. There is debate about its relationship with both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Unlike ASD, children with PDA are said to use socially manipulative avoidance strategies; and unlike ODD, they resort to extreme, embarrassing or age-inappropriate behaviour. To date, there has been little research into PDA, and it remains contentious. Currently, there are no questionnaire instruments available to aid consistency in description. This study reports the development and preliminary validation of the ‘Extreme Demand Avoidance Questionnaire’ (EDA-Q), designed to quantify PDA traits based on parent-reported information. Methods The validation study involved data from 326 parents of children aged 5-17 allocated to six groups based on information reported by parents about received diagnoses and behavioural difficulties: (a) typically developing children (N = 102), (b) children with ASD without disruptive behaviour (N = 36), (c) children with ASD with disruptive behaviour (N = 48), (d) children for whom PDA was suspected by parents (irrespective of other diagnoses) (N = 67), (e) children who had, according to parents, been identified as having PDA by a health professional, irrespective of other diagnoses (N = 50), and (6) disruptive behaviour or behavioural problems without suspected/identified ASD or PDA (N = 23). Results Although the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) did not differentiate PDA from those with ASD plus disruptive behaviour; score on the EDA-Q was significantly higher in PDA than all comparison groups. ROC analysis indicated good sensitivity (.80) and specificity (.85). Across all case groups, females scored higher than males on the EDA-Q. Separate cut-off scores were identified for older and younger age-groups. Conclusions Our findings highlight the potential utility of the EDA-Q to assist the identification of this unusual profile for future research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12149 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=235
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-7 (July 2014) . - p.758-768[article] Development of the ‘Extreme Demand Avoidance Questionnaire’ (EDA-Q): preliminary observations on a trait measure for Pathological Demand Avoidance [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth O'NIONS, Auteur ; Phil CHRISTIE, Auteur ; Judith GOULD, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.758-768.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-7 (July 2014) . - p.758-768
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder ASD pathological demand avoidance PDA pervasive developmental disorder conduct problems oppositional defiant disorder ODD disruptive behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Pathological Demand Avoidance (PDA) is a term increasingly used in the United Kingdom to describe children who obsessively resist everyday demands, going to extreme lengths to avoid these. There is debate about its relationship with both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Unlike ASD, children with PDA are said to use socially manipulative avoidance strategies; and unlike ODD, they resort to extreme, embarrassing or age-inappropriate behaviour. To date, there has been little research into PDA, and it remains contentious. Currently, there are no questionnaire instruments available to aid consistency in description. This study reports the development and preliminary validation of the ‘Extreme Demand Avoidance Questionnaire’ (EDA-Q), designed to quantify PDA traits based on parent-reported information. Methods The validation study involved data from 326 parents of children aged 5-17 allocated to six groups based on information reported by parents about received diagnoses and behavioural difficulties: (a) typically developing children (N = 102), (b) children with ASD without disruptive behaviour (N = 36), (c) children with ASD with disruptive behaviour (N = 48), (d) children for whom PDA was suspected by parents (irrespective of other diagnoses) (N = 67), (e) children who had, according to parents, been identified as having PDA by a health professional, irrespective of other diagnoses (N = 50), and (6) disruptive behaviour or behavioural problems without suspected/identified ASD or PDA (N = 23). Results Although the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) did not differentiate PDA from those with ASD plus disruptive behaviour; score on the EDA-Q was significantly higher in PDA than all comparison groups. ROC analysis indicated good sensitivity (.80) and specificity (.85). Across all case groups, females scored higher than males on the EDA-Q. Separate cut-off scores were identified for older and younger age-groups. Conclusions Our findings highlight the potential utility of the EDA-Q to assist the identification of this unusual profile for future research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12149 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=235 The Measurement of Adult Pathological Demand Avoidance Traits / V. EGAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-2 (February 2019)
[article]
Titre : The Measurement of Adult Pathological Demand Avoidance Traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : V. EGAN, Auteur ; O. LINENBERG, Auteur ; E. O'NIONS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.481-494 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger's syndrome Autistic spectrum disorder Extreme demand avoidance Offending Pathological demand avoidance Personality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pathological ("extreme") demand avoidance (PDA) involves obsessively avoiding routine demands and extreme emotional variability. It is clinically linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The observer-rated EDA Questionnaire (EDA-Q) for children was adapted as an adult self-report (EDA-QA), and tested in relation to personality and the short-form Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ). Study 1 (n = 347) found the EDA-QA reliable, univariate, and correlated with negative affect, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism, and ASQ scores. Study 2 (n = 191) found low agreeableness, greater Emotional Instability, and higher scores on the full ASQ predicted EDA-QA. PDA can screened for using this tool, occurs in the general population, and is associated with extremes of personality. Future studies will examine if PDA occurs in other clinical populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3722-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=382
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-2 (February 2019) . - p.481-494[article] The Measurement of Adult Pathological Demand Avoidance Traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / V. EGAN, Auteur ; O. LINENBERG, Auteur ; E. O'NIONS, Auteur . - p.481-494.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-2 (February 2019) . - p.481-494
Mots-clés : Asperger's syndrome Autistic spectrum disorder Extreme demand avoidance Offending Pathological demand avoidance Personality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pathological ("extreme") demand avoidance (PDA) involves obsessively avoiding routine demands and extreme emotional variability. It is clinically linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The observer-rated EDA Questionnaire (EDA-Q) for children was adapted as an adult self-report (EDA-QA), and tested in relation to personality and the short-form Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ). Study 1 (n = 347) found the EDA-QA reliable, univariate, and correlated with negative affect, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism, and ASQ scores. Study 2 (n = 191) found low agreeableness, greater Emotional Instability, and higher scores on the full ASQ predicted EDA-QA. PDA can screened for using this tool, occurs in the general population, and is associated with extremes of personality. Future studies will examine if PDA occurs in other clinical populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3722-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=382