Dépouillements

Editorial: Bridging gaps between basic research and clinical practice / Stephen A. PETRILL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.1-1 Titre : Editorial: Bridging gaps between basic research and clinical practice Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-1 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Over the past several decades, child psychology and psychiatry has witnessed an explosion in the volume of, and a decided quickening in the pace of, dissemination of research findings. On the one hand, this has led us to an enviable position. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12192 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Editorial: Bridging gaps between basic research and clinical practice [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur . - p.1-1. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.1-1 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Over the past several decades, child psychology and psychiatry has witnessed an explosion in the volume of, and a decided quickening in the pace of, dissemination of research findings. On the one hand, this has led us to an enviable position. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12192 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Editor conflicts of interest statements, 2014 in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.2-2 Titre : Editor conflicts of interest statements, 2014 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.2-2 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Editors have been asked to disclose their financial interests or other relationships that could be viewed as potential conflicts of interest as they might relate to editorial judgments. The period covered extends to the 36 month period prior to 31 December 2013, and declarations are in accordance with recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journals Editors (ICMJE). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12194 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Editor conflicts of interest statements, 2014 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.2-2. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.2-2 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Editors have been asked to disclose their financial interests or other relationships that could be viewed as potential conflicts of interest as they might relate to editorial judgments. The period covered extends to the 36 month period prior to 31 December 2013, and declarations are in accordance with recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journals Editors (ICMJE). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12194 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Practitioner Review: Evidence-based practice guidelines on alcohol and drug misuse among adolescents: a systematic review / G. E. BEKKERING in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.3-21 Titre : Practitioner Review: Evidence-based practice guidelines on alcohol and drug misuse among adolescents: a systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. E. BEKKERING, Auteur ; B. AERTGEERTS, Auteur ; J. F. ASUETA-LORENTE, Auteur ; M. AUTRIQUE, Auteur ; M. GOOSSENS, Auteur ; K. SMETS, Auteur ; J. C. H. VAN BUSSEL, Auteur ; W. VANDERPLASSCHEN, Auteur ; P. VAN ROYEN, Auteur ; K. HANNES, Auteur ; THE ADAPTE-YOUTH PROJECT GROUP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3-21 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescence  alcohol abuse  drug abuse  prevention  therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Context-specific evidence-based guidelines on how to prevent and treat substance misuse among adolescents are currently lacking in many countries. Due to the time consuming nature of de novo guideline development, the ADAPTE collaboration introduced a methodology to adapt existing guidelines to a local context. An important step in this method is a systematic review to identify relevant high-quality evidence-based guidelines. This study describes the results of this step for the development of guidelines on adolescent alcohol and drug misuse in Belgium. Methods Rigorous systematic review methodology was used. This included searches of electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PsychInfo, and ERIC in June 2011), websites of relevant organizations, and reference lists of key publications. Experts in the field were also contacted. Included were Dutch, English, French, or German evidence-based practice guidelines from 2006 or later on the prevention, screening, assessment, or treatment of alcohol or illicit drug misuse in persons aged 12–18 years. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of the guidelines using the AGREE II (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation) instrument. Scope This overview provides a framework of current knowledge in adolescent alcohol and drug misuse prevention and treatment. Results This systematic review identified 32 relevant evidence-based guidelines on substance misuse among adolescents. Nine guidelines were judged to be of high quality; of which four had recommendations specifically on adolescents: one on school-based prevention, one on substance misuse prevention in vulnerable young people and two on alcohol misuse with specific sections for the adolescent population. There were few commonalities as guidelines focused on different target groups, professional disciplines and type and level of substance misuse. Evidence to support the recommendations was sparse, and many recommendations were based on expert consensus or on studies among adults. Also, the link between evidence and recommendations was often unclear. Conclusions There are a substantial number of guidelines addressing substance misuse in adolescents. However, only four high-quality guidelines included recommendations specific for adolescents. The current level of evidence that underpins the recommendations in these high-quality guidelines is low. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12145 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Practitioner Review: Evidence-based practice guidelines on alcohol and drug misuse among adolescents: a systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. E. BEKKERING, Auteur ; B. AERTGEERTS, Auteur ; J. F. ASUETA-LORENTE, Auteur ; M. AUTRIQUE, Auteur ; M. GOOSSENS, Auteur ; K. SMETS, Auteur ; J. C. H. VAN BUSSEL, Auteur ; W. VANDERPLASSCHEN, Auteur ; P. VAN ROYEN, Auteur ; K. HANNES, Auteur ; THE ADAPTE-YOUTH PROJECT GROUP, Auteur . - p.3-21. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.3-21 Mots-clés : Adolescence  alcohol abuse  drug abuse  prevention  therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Context-specific evidence-based guidelines on how to prevent and treat substance misuse among adolescents are currently lacking in many countries. Due to the time consuming nature of de novo guideline development, the ADAPTE collaboration introduced a methodology to adapt existing guidelines to a local context. An important step in this method is a systematic review to identify relevant high-quality evidence-based guidelines. This study describes the results of this step for the development of guidelines on adolescent alcohol and drug misuse in Belgium. Methods Rigorous systematic review methodology was used. This included searches of electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PsychInfo, and ERIC in June 2011), websites of relevant organizations, and reference lists of key publications. Experts in the field were also contacted. Included were Dutch, English, French, or German evidence-based practice guidelines from 2006 or later on the prevention, screening, assessment, or treatment of alcohol or illicit drug misuse in persons aged 12–18 years. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of the guidelines using the AGREE II (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation) instrument. Scope This overview provides a framework of current knowledge in adolescent alcohol and drug misuse prevention and treatment. Results This systematic review identified 32 relevant evidence-based guidelines on substance misuse among adolescents. Nine guidelines were judged to be of high quality; of which four had recommendations specifically on adolescents: one on school-based prevention, one on substance misuse prevention in vulnerable young people and two on alcohol misuse with specific sections for the adolescent population. There were few commonalities as guidelines focused on different target groups, professional disciplines and type and level of substance misuse. Evidence to support the recommendations was sparse, and many recommendations were based on expert consensus or on studies among adults. Also, the link between evidence and recommendations was often unclear. Conclusions There are a substantial number of guidelines addressing substance misuse in adolescents. However, only four high-quality guidelines included recommendations specific for adolescents. The current level of evidence that underpins the recommendations in these high-quality guidelines is low. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12145 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Sweating under pressure: skin conductance level reactivity moderates the association between peer victimization and externalizing behavior / Kim D. GREGSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.22-30 Titre : Sweating under pressure: skin conductance level reactivity moderates the association between peer victimization and externalizing behavior Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kim D. GREGSON, Auteur ; Kelly M. TU, Auteur ; Stephen ERATH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.22-30 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Peer victimization  externalizing  aggression  skin conductance level reactivity  psychophysiology  preadolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This study examined whether the association between peer victimization and externalizing behavior may be illuminated by individual differences in skin conductance level reactivity (SCLR) in the context of peer stress. Methods Participants included 123 fifth and sixth graders (Mean age = 12.03 years, 50% females; 42% ethnic minorities). SCLR was assessed in the context of an ecologically relevant, lab-based peer-evaluative stress experience in preadolescence. Results As hypothesized, self-reported peer victimization was linked with parent- and teacher-reported externalizing behavior, and SCLR consistently moderated these associations. Peer victimization was associated with parent- and teacher-reported externalizing behavior among preadolescents who exhibited lower SCLR, but not among preadolescents who exhibited higher SCLR. Conclusions Results suggest that promoting engagement with peer stress experiences and enhancing inhibitory control are potential intervention targets that may reduce externalizing behavior in the context of peer victimization (or reduce peer victimization among preadolescents who exhibit externalizing behavior). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12086 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Sweating under pressure: skin conductance level reactivity moderates the association between peer victimization and externalizing behavior [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kim D. GREGSON, Auteur ; Kelly M. TU, Auteur ; Stephen ERATH, Auteur . - p.22-30. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.22-30 Mots-clés : Peer victimization  externalizing  aggression  skin conductance level reactivity  psychophysiology  preadolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This study examined whether the association between peer victimization and externalizing behavior may be illuminated by individual differences in skin conductance level reactivity (SCLR) in the context of peer stress. Methods Participants included 123 fifth and sixth graders (Mean age = 12.03 years, 50% females; 42% ethnic minorities). SCLR was assessed in the context of an ecologically relevant, lab-based peer-evaluative stress experience in preadolescence. Results As hypothesized, self-reported peer victimization was linked with parent- and teacher-reported externalizing behavior, and SCLR consistently moderated these associations. Peer victimization was associated with parent- and teacher-reported externalizing behavior among preadolescents who exhibited lower SCLR, but not among preadolescents who exhibited higher SCLR. Conclusions Results suggest that promoting engagement with peer stress experiences and enhancing inhibitory control are potential intervention targets that may reduce externalizing behavior in the context of peer victimization (or reduce peer victimization among preadolescents who exhibit externalizing behavior). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12086 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Executive function in children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder 4 and 12 months after the Sichuan earthquake in China / Rui YANG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.31-38 Titre : Executive function in children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder 4 and 12 months after the Sichuan earthquake in China Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rui YANG, Auteur ; Yu-Tao XIANG, Auteur ; Lan SHUAI, Auteur ; Ying QIAN, Auteur ; Kelly Y. C. LAI, Auteur ; Gabor S. UNGVARI, Auteur ; Helen F. K. CHIU, Auteur ; Yu-Feng WANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.31-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Posttraumatic stress disorder  children and adolescents  executive function  earthquake Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background While several studies have found executive function deficits in adults and maltreated children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there are few data on executive function in children and adolescents with PTSD related to natural disasters. The objective of this study was to test executive function changes over time in children and adolescents with PTSD after a magnitude 8.0 earthquake in Sichuan, China. Method A sample of 34 children and adolescents with diagnosed PTSD following the Sichuan earthquake and 66 matched controls exposed to the same earthquake but without PTSD participated in the study. Executive function was assessed using a battery of interviewer-rated neuropsychological tests and the guardian-rated Behavior Rating Scale of Executive Function (BRIEF) at 4- and 12-month after the earthquake. Results Children and adolescents with PTSD performed similar to controls in executive function at 4-months after the earthquake. Both groups improved significantly in similar domains of cognition during the following 8 months. The PTSD group exhibited daily deficits in emotional control compared with the controls at the 4-month assessment, but the differences disappeared during the following 8 months. Conclusions Children and adolescents with PTSD related to a natural disaster have deficits only in the emotional control domain of executive function compared with controls exposed to the same disaster, but even these deficits did not persist. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12089 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Executive function in children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder 4 and 12 months after the Sichuan earthquake in China [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rui YANG, Auteur ; Yu-Tao XIANG, Auteur ; Lan SHUAI, Auteur ; Ying QIAN, Auteur ; Kelly Y. C. LAI, Auteur ; Gabor S. UNGVARI, Auteur ; Helen F. K. CHIU, Auteur ; Yu-Feng WANG, Auteur . - p.31-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.31-38 Mots-clés : Posttraumatic stress disorder  children and adolescents  executive function  earthquake Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background While several studies have found executive function deficits in adults and maltreated children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there are few data on executive function in children and adolescents with PTSD related to natural disasters. The objective of this study was to test executive function changes over time in children and adolescents with PTSD after a magnitude 8.0 earthquake in Sichuan, China. Method A sample of 34 children and adolescents with diagnosed PTSD following the Sichuan earthquake and 66 matched controls exposed to the same earthquake but without PTSD participated in the study. Executive function was assessed using a battery of interviewer-rated neuropsychological tests and the guardian-rated Behavior Rating Scale of Executive Function (BRIEF) at 4- and 12-month after the earthquake. Results Children and adolescents with PTSD performed similar to controls in executive function at 4-months after the earthquake. Both groups improved significantly in similar domains of cognition during the following 8 months. The PTSD group exhibited daily deficits in emotional control compared with the controls at the 4-month assessment, but the differences disappeared during the following 8 months. Conclusions Children and adolescents with PTSD related to a natural disaster have deficits only in the emotional control domain of executive function compared with controls exposed to the same disaster, but even these deficits did not persist. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12089 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Evidence for shared genetic risk between ADHD symptoms and reduced mathematics ability: a twin study / Corina U. GREVEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.39-48 Titre : Evidence for shared genetic risk between ADHD symptoms and reduced mathematics ability: a twin study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Yulia KOVAS, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.39-48 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  mathematics  twin study  genetics  reading  general cognitive ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and mathematics ability are associated, but little is known about the genetic and environmental influences underlying this association. Methods Data came from more than 6,000 twelve-year-old twin pairs from the UK population-representative Twins Early Development Study. Parents rated each twin's behaviour using a DSM-IV-based 18-item questionnaire of inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive ADHD symptoms. Mathematics tests based on the UK National Curriculum were completed by each twin. The twins also completed standardised tests of reading and general cognitive ability. Multivariate twin model fitting was applied. Results Inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive ADHD symptoms were highly heritable (67% and 73% respectively). Mathematics ability was moderately heritable (46%). Mathematics ability and inattentiveness showed a significantly greater phenotypic correlation (rp = ?.26) and genetic correlation (rA = ?.41) than mathematics ability and hyperactivity–impulsivity (rp = ?.18; rA = ?.22). The genetic correlation between inattentiveness and mathematics ability was largely independent from hyperactivity-impulsivity, and was only partially accounted for by genetic influences related to reading and general cognitive ability. Conclusions Results revealed the novel finding that mathematics ability shows significantly stronger phenotypic and genetic associations with inattentiveness than with hyperactivity–impulsivity. Genetic associations between inattentiveness and mathematics ability could only partially be accounted for by hyperactivity–impulsivity, reading and general cognitive ability. Results suggest that mathematics ability is associated with ADHD symptoms largely because it shares genetic risk factors with inattentiveness, and provide further evidence for considering inattentiveness and hyperactivity–impulsivity separately. DNA markers for ADHD symptoms (especially inattentiveness) may also be candidate risk factors for mathematics ability and vice versa. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12090 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Evidence for shared genetic risk between ADHD symptoms and reduced mathematics ability: a twin study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Yulia KOVAS, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur . - p.39-48. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.39-48 Mots-clés : ADHD  mathematics  twin study  genetics  reading  general cognitive ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and mathematics ability are associated, but little is known about the genetic and environmental influences underlying this association. Methods Data came from more than 6,000 twelve-year-old twin pairs from the UK population-representative Twins Early Development Study. Parents rated each twin's behaviour using a DSM-IV-based 18-item questionnaire of inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive ADHD symptoms. Mathematics tests based on the UK National Curriculum were completed by each twin. The twins also completed standardised tests of reading and general cognitive ability. Multivariate twin model fitting was applied. Results Inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive ADHD symptoms were highly heritable (67% and 73% respectively). Mathematics ability was moderately heritable (46%). Mathematics ability and inattentiveness showed a significantly greater phenotypic correlation (rp = ?.26) and genetic correlation (rA = ?.41) than mathematics ability and hyperactivity–impulsivity (rp = ?.18; rA = ?.22). The genetic correlation between inattentiveness and mathematics ability was largely independent from hyperactivity-impulsivity, and was only partially accounted for by genetic influences related to reading and general cognitive ability. Conclusions Results revealed the novel finding that mathematics ability shows significantly stronger phenotypic and genetic associations with inattentiveness than with hyperactivity–impulsivity. Genetic associations between inattentiveness and mathematics ability could only partially be accounted for by hyperactivity–impulsivity, reading and general cognitive ability. Results suggest that mathematics ability is associated with ADHD symptoms largely because it shares genetic risk factors with inattentiveness, and provide further evidence for considering inattentiveness and hyperactivity–impulsivity separately. DNA markers for ADHD symptoms (especially inattentiveness) may also be candidate risk factors for mathematics ability and vice versa. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12090 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Cognitive and language skills in adults with autism: a 40-year follow-up / Patricia HOWLIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.49-58 Titre : Cognitive and language skills in adults with autism: a 40-year follow-up Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Sarah SAVAGE, Auteur ; Philippa MOSS, Auteur ; Althea TEMPIER, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.49-58 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  adulthood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background It is well established that very few individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and an IQ below 70 are able to live independently as adults. However, even amongst children with an IQ in the normal range, outcome is very variable. Childhood factors that predict later stability, improvement or decline in cognitive functioning remain uncertain and, in particular, very little is known about trajectories in later adulthood. Method Changes in cognitive and language ability from childhood to adulthood were assessed in 60 individuals with autism, all of whom had an IQ in the average range as children. Mean age in childhood = 6 years (range 2–13 years); mean age in adulthood = 44 years (range 29–64 years). Trajectories of change and factors related to current cognitive abilities were explored. Results For the majority of participants (N = 45, 75%), who were testable both as children and adults, IQ remained very stable and language also improved over time. However, 15 individuals could not be assessed on standard tests as adults and their developmental level could be estimated only on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Almost all these adults (apart from one who had suffered a major stroke) showed severe aggressive or self-injurious behaviours; none had ever developed language above a 3-year level, and seven had developed epilepsy. Conclusions For most individuals with autism who had an IQ in the average range (i.e. ?70) as children, childhood IQ proved a reliable predictor of cognitive functioning well into mid- to- later adulthood. However, a significant minority was no longer testable on standard tests as adults. Their current very low levels of functional ability were generally associated with severe behavioural disturbance and persisting and severe language impairment; 50% of these individuals had also developed epilepsy, pointing to the role of organic brain dysfunction. Implications for early intervention are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12115 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Cognitive and language skills in adults with autism: a 40-year follow-up [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Sarah SAVAGE, Auteur ; Philippa MOSS, Auteur ; Althea TEMPIER, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur . - p.49-58. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.49-58 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  adulthood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background It is well established that very few individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and an IQ below 70 are able to live independently as adults. However, even amongst children with an IQ in the normal range, outcome is very variable. Childhood factors that predict later stability, improvement or decline in cognitive functioning remain uncertain and, in particular, very little is known about trajectories in later adulthood. Method Changes in cognitive and language ability from childhood to adulthood were assessed in 60 individuals with autism, all of whom had an IQ in the average range as children. Mean age in childhood = 6 years (range 2–13 years); mean age in adulthood = 44 years (range 29–64 years). Trajectories of change and factors related to current cognitive abilities were explored. Results For the majority of participants (N = 45, 75%), who were testable both as children and adults, IQ remained very stable and language also improved over time. However, 15 individuals could not be assessed on standard tests as adults and their developmental level could be estimated only on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Almost all these adults (apart from one who had suffered a major stroke) showed severe aggressive or self-injurious behaviours; none had ever developed language above a 3-year level, and seven had developed epilepsy. Conclusions For most individuals with autism who had an IQ in the average range (i.e. ?70) as children, childhood IQ proved a reliable predictor of cognitive functioning well into mid- to- later adulthood. However, a significant minority was no longer testable on standard tests as adults. Their current very low levels of functional ability were generally associated with severe behavioural disturbance and persisting and severe language impairment; 50% of these individuals had also developed epilepsy, pointing to the role of organic brain dysfunction. Implications for early intervention are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12115 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Commentary: Diverging trajectories from a similar starting point: the outcome in adults whose autism was diagnosed in childhood – reflections on Howlin et al. (2013) / Gillian BAIRD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.59-60 Titre : Commentary: Diverging trajectories from a similar starting point: the outcome in adults whose autism was diagnosed in childhood – reflections on Howlin et al. (2013) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gillian BAIRD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.59-60 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Howlin and colleagues are to be congratulated on a further follow up from the cohort of children first diagnosed by Rutter at the age of 2-13 years nearly 40 years ago (Howlin, Savage, Moss, Tempier, Rutter, 2013). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12182 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Commentary: Diverging trajectories from a similar starting point: the outcome in adults whose autism was diagnosed in childhood – reflections on Howlin et al. (2013) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gillian BAIRD, Auteur . - p.59-60. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.59-60 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Howlin and colleagues are to be congratulated on a further follow up from the cohort of children first diagnosed by Rutter at the age of 2-13 years nearly 40 years ago (Howlin, Savage, Moss, Tempier, Rutter, 2013). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12182 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ADHD in offspring / Charlotte SKOGLUND in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.61-68 Titre : Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ADHD in offspring Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Charlotte SKOGLUND, Auteur ; Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.61-68 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Maternal smoking during pregnancy  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  confounding  sibling comparisons Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy (SDP) has consistently been associated with increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring, but recent studies indicate that this association might be due to unmeasured familial confounding. Methods A total of 813,030 individuals born in Sweden between 1992 and 2000 were included in this nationwide population-based cohort study. Data on maternal SDP and ADHD diagnosis were obtained from national registers and patients were followed up from the age of 3 to the end of 2009. Hazard Ratios (HRs) were estimated using stratified Cox regression models. Cousin and sibling data were used to control for unmeasured familial confounding. Results At the population level maternal SDP predicted ADHD in offspring (HRModerateSDP = 1.89; HRHighSDP = 2.50). This estimate gradually attenuated toward the null when adjusting for measured confounders (HRModerateSDP = 1.62; HRHighSDP = 2.04), unmeasured confounders shared within the extended family (i.e., cousin comparison) (HRModerateSDP = 1.45; HRHighSDP = 1.69), and unmeasured confounders within the nuclear family (i.e., sibling comparison) (HRModerateSDP = 0.88; HRHighSDP = 0.84). Conclusions Our results suggest that the association between maternal SDP and offspring ADHD are due to unmeasured familial confounding. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12124 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ADHD in offspring [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Charlotte SKOGLUND, Auteur ; Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.61-68. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.61-68 Mots-clés : Maternal smoking during pregnancy  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  confounding  sibling comparisons Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy (SDP) has consistently been associated with increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring, but recent studies indicate that this association might be due to unmeasured familial confounding. Methods A total of 813,030 individuals born in Sweden between 1992 and 2000 were included in this nationwide population-based cohort study. Data on maternal SDP and ADHD diagnosis were obtained from national registers and patients were followed up from the age of 3 to the end of 2009. Hazard Ratios (HRs) were estimated using stratified Cox regression models. Cousin and sibling data were used to control for unmeasured familial confounding. Results At the population level maternal SDP predicted ADHD in offspring (HRModerateSDP = 1.89; HRHighSDP = 2.50). This estimate gradually attenuated toward the null when adjusting for measured confounders (HRModerateSDP = 1.62; HRHighSDP = 2.04), unmeasured confounders shared within the extended family (i.e., cousin comparison) (HRModerateSDP = 1.45; HRHighSDP = 1.69), and unmeasured confounders within the nuclear family (i.e., sibling comparison) (HRModerateSDP = 0.88; HRHighSDP = 0.84). Conclusions Our results suggest that the association between maternal SDP and offspring ADHD are due to unmeasured familial confounding. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12124 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Mothers' prenatal stress and their children's antisocial outcomes – a moderating role for the Dopamine D4 Receptor (DRD4) gene / Katrin ZOHSEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.69-76 Titre : Mothers' prenatal stress and their children's antisocial outcomes – a moderating role for the Dopamine D4 Receptor (DRD4) gene Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katrin ZOHSEL, Auteur ; Arlette F. BUCHMANN, Auteur ; Dorothea BLOMEYER, Auteur ; Erika HOHM, Auteur ; Martin H. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Günter ESSER, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Manfred LAUCHT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.69-76 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Prenatal stress  antisocial  conduct disorder  DRD4  gene–environment interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Maternal distress during pregnancy has been linked to aggressive behavior in offspring. This effect has been interpreted in terms of ‘fetal programming’. The 7-repeat (7r) allele of a VNTR polymorphism in exon III of the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) has consistently been associated with externalizing behavior problems, especially in the presence of adverse environmental factors. So far, it is not known whether the DRD4 genotype moderates the effect of prenatal maternal stress on the development of childhood antisocial behavior. Methods As part of an ongoing epidemiological cohort study, prenatal maternal stress was assessed using self-report 3 months following child birth. When children were 8, 11, and 15 years old, mothers rated their children's externalizing behavior, and diagnoses of conduct disorder and/or oppositional defiant disorder (CD/ODD) according to DSM-IV were obtained. In a sample of N = 308 participants, the effects of the DRD4 genotype, prenatal maternal stress, and the interaction thereof on antisocial outcome were tested. Results Under conditions of elevated prenatal maternal stress, children carrying one or two DRD4 7r alleles were at increased risk of a diagnosis of CD/ODD. Moreover, homozygous carriers of the DRD4 7r allele displayed more externalizing behavior following exposure to higher levels of prenatal maternal stress, while homozygous carriers of the DRD4 4r allele turned out to be insensitive to the effects of prenatal stress. Conclusions This study is the first to report a gene–environment interaction related to DRD4 and prenatal maternal stress using data from a prospective study, which extends earlier findings on the impact of prenatal maternal stress with respect to childhood antisocial behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12138 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Mothers' prenatal stress and their children's antisocial outcomes – a moderating role for the Dopamine D4 Receptor (DRD4) gene [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katrin ZOHSEL, Auteur ; Arlette F. BUCHMANN, Auteur ; Dorothea BLOMEYER, Auteur ; Erika HOHM, Auteur ; Martin H. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Günter ESSER, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Manfred LAUCHT, Auteur . - p.69-76. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.69-76 Mots-clés : Prenatal stress  antisocial  conduct disorder  DRD4  gene–environment interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Maternal distress during pregnancy has been linked to aggressive behavior in offspring. This effect has been interpreted in terms of ‘fetal programming’. The 7-repeat (7r) allele of a VNTR polymorphism in exon III of the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) has consistently been associated with externalizing behavior problems, especially in the presence of adverse environmental factors. So far, it is not known whether the DRD4 genotype moderates the effect of prenatal maternal stress on the development of childhood antisocial behavior. Methods As part of an ongoing epidemiological cohort study, prenatal maternal stress was assessed using self-report 3 months following child birth. When children were 8, 11, and 15 years old, mothers rated their children's externalizing behavior, and diagnoses of conduct disorder and/or oppositional defiant disorder (CD/ODD) according to DSM-IV were obtained. In a sample of N = 308 participants, the effects of the DRD4 genotype, prenatal maternal stress, and the interaction thereof on antisocial outcome were tested. Results Under conditions of elevated prenatal maternal stress, children carrying one or two DRD4 7r alleles were at increased risk of a diagnosis of CD/ODD. Moreover, homozygous carriers of the DRD4 7r allele displayed more externalizing behavior following exposure to higher levels of prenatal maternal stress, while homozygous carriers of the DRD4 4r allele turned out to be insensitive to the effects of prenatal stress. Conclusions This study is the first to report a gene–environment interaction related to DRD4 and prenatal maternal stress using data from a prospective study, which extends earlier findings on the impact of prenatal maternal stress with respect to childhood antisocial behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12138 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Parental social anxiety disorder prospectively predicts toddlers' fear/avoidance in a social referencing paradigm / Evin AKTAR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.77-87 Titre : Parental social anxiety disorder prospectively predicts toddlers' fear/avoidance in a social referencing paradigm Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Evin AKTAR, Auteur ; Mirjana MAJDANDŽI?, Auteur ; Wieke DE VENTE, Auteur ; Susan M. BOGELS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.77-87 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social referencing  parental anxiety  father's role  behavioral inhibition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety runs in families. Observational learning of anxious behavior from parents with anxiety disorders plays an important role in the intergenerational transmission of anxiety. We investigated the link between parental anxiety (parental lifetime anxiety disorders and expressed parental anxiety) and toddler fear/avoidance during social referencing (SR) situations. Method Toddlers (N = 117) participated with both parents (with lifetime social anxiety disorder, other nonsocial anxiety disorders, lifetime comorbid social and other anxiety disorders, or without anxiety disorders) in a longitudinal study. Behavioral inhibition (BI) was measured at 12 months via observational tasks. At 30 months, children were confronted with a stranger and a remote-control robot in SR situations, separately with each parent. Children's fear and avoidance, and parents' expressions of anxiety, encouragement, and overcontrol were observed. Results Toddlers of parents with lifetime social anxiety disorder (alone and comorbid with other anxiety disorders) showed more fear/avoidance in SR situations than toddlers of parents without anxiety disorders, while the effect of other anxiety disorders alone was not significant. Although expressed parental anxiety at 30 months in SR situations did not significantly predict toddlers' fear/avoidance, higher levels of expressed anxiety at 12 months in SR situations by parents with comorbid social and other anxiety disorders predicted higher levels of fear/avoidance. BI at 12 months predicted toddlers' fear/avoidance only with mothers, but not with fathers. Conclusions Parental lifetime social anxiety disorders may be a stronger predictor of children's fear/avoidance than parents' expressions of anxiety in SR situations in toddlerhood. End of infancy may be a sensitive time for learning of anxiety from parents with comorbid lifetime social and nonsocial anxiety disorders in SR situations. Fathers are as important as mothers in the transmission of anxiety via SR. Furthermore, children may act relatively free of their early temperament in SR situations with fathers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12121 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Parental social anxiety disorder prospectively predicts toddlers' fear/avoidance in a social referencing paradigm [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Evin AKTAR, Auteur ; Mirjana MAJDANDŽI?, Auteur ; Wieke DE VENTE, Auteur ; Susan M. BOGELS, Auteur . - p.77-87. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.77-87 Mots-clés : Social referencing  parental anxiety  father's role  behavioral inhibition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety runs in families. Observational learning of anxious behavior from parents with anxiety disorders plays an important role in the intergenerational transmission of anxiety. We investigated the link between parental anxiety (parental lifetime anxiety disorders and expressed parental anxiety) and toddler fear/avoidance during social referencing (SR) situations. Method Toddlers (N = 117) participated with both parents (with lifetime social anxiety disorder, other nonsocial anxiety disorders, lifetime comorbid social and other anxiety disorders, or without anxiety disorders) in a longitudinal study. Behavioral inhibition (BI) was measured at 12 months via observational tasks. At 30 months, children were confronted with a stranger and a remote-control robot in SR situations, separately with each parent. Children's fear and avoidance, and parents' expressions of anxiety, encouragement, and overcontrol were observed. Results Toddlers of parents with lifetime social anxiety disorder (alone and comorbid with other anxiety disorders) showed more fear/avoidance in SR situations than toddlers of parents without anxiety disorders, while the effect of other anxiety disorders alone was not significant. Although expressed parental anxiety at 30 months in SR situations did not significantly predict toddlers' fear/avoidance, higher levels of expressed anxiety at 12 months in SR situations by parents with comorbid social and other anxiety disorders predicted higher levels of fear/avoidance. BI at 12 months predicted toddlers' fear/avoidance only with mothers, but not with fathers. Conclusions Parental lifetime social anxiety disorders may be a stronger predictor of children's fear/avoidance than parents' expressions of anxiety in SR situations in toddlerhood. End of infancy may be a sensitive time for learning of anxiety from parents with comorbid lifetime social and nonsocial anxiety disorders in SR situations. Fathers are as important as mothers in the transmission of anxiety via SR. Furthermore, children may act relatively free of their early temperament in SR situations with fathers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12121 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Increased freezing and decreased positive affect in postinstitutionalized children / Sarah A. STELLERN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.88-95 Titre : Increased freezing and decreased positive affect in postinstitutionalized children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah A. STELLERN, Auteur ; Elisa ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Shanna MLINER, Auteur ; Katherine PEARS, Auteur ; Megan R. GUNNAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.88-95 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Deprivation  neglect  fear  positive affect  international adoption  institutional care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early neglect is associated with increased risk of internalizing disorders in humans and with increased fear behavior in animals. When children are adopted out of orphanages in which they experienced institutional neglect, anxiety and depressive disorders often are not seen until adolescence. What has not been examined is whether even young children adopted from institutional care exhibit heightened fear or behavioral inhibition. Method Children adopted between 15 and 35 months from institutional care were examined twice during their first year postadoption and compared with children of the same age reared in their birth families. A modified version of the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery for Preschoolers was used with the children being exposed to two mechanical toys designed to be highly arousing and fear eliciting. Because children in institutions tend to exhibit low levels of positive affect, the children were also examined during exposure to two positive stimuli. Sessions were videotaped and coded by observers blind to the study purpose. Results Postinstitutionalized children froze more in fear vignettes and were less positive in both fear and positive vignettes than nonadopted children. Group differences did notdiminish significantly from the first session to the next, 6 months later. Conclusions Children exposed to early institutional neglect exhibit emotional biases that are consistent with their previously demonstrated risk for the development of internalizing disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12123 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Increased freezing and decreased positive affect in postinstitutionalized children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah A. STELLERN, Auteur ; Elisa ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Shanna MLINER, Auteur ; Katherine PEARS, Auteur ; Megan R. GUNNAR, Auteur . - p.88-95. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.88-95 Mots-clés : Deprivation  neglect  fear  positive affect  international adoption  institutional care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early neglect is associated with increased risk of internalizing disorders in humans and with increased fear behavior in animals. When children are adopted out of orphanages in which they experienced institutional neglect, anxiety and depressive disorders often are not seen until adolescence. What has not been examined is whether even young children adopted from institutional care exhibit heightened fear or behavioral inhibition. Method Children adopted between 15 and 35 months from institutional care were examined twice during their first year postadoption and compared with children of the same age reared in their birth families. A modified version of the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery for Preschoolers was used with the children being exposed to two mechanical toys designed to be highly arousing and fear eliciting. Because children in institutions tend to exhibit low levels of positive affect, the children were also examined during exposure to two positive stimuli. Sessions were videotaped and coded by observers blind to the study purpose. Results Postinstitutionalized children froze more in fear vignettes and were less positive in both fear and positive vignettes than nonadopted children. Group differences did notdiminish significantly from the first session to the next, 6 months later. Conclusions Children exposed to early institutional neglect exhibit emotional biases that are consistent with their previously demonstrated risk for the development of internalizing disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12123 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

Correction note in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.96-96 Titre : Correction note Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.96-96 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12191 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Correction note [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.96-96. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.96-96 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12191 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220