Dépouillements

Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Franca Rosa GUERINI in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.680-690 Titre : Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Franca Rosa GUERINI, Auteur ; Elisabetta BOLOGNESI, Auteur ; Matteo CHIAPPEDI, Auteur ; Maria Martina MENSI, Auteur ; Oscar FUMAGALLI, Auteur ; Chiara ROGANTINI, Auteur ; Milena ZANZOTTERA, Auteur ; Alessandro GHEZZO, Auteur ; Michela ZANETTE, Auteur ; Cristina AGLIARDI, Auteur ; Andrea Saul COSTA, Auteur ; Stefano SOTGIU, Auteur ; Alessandra CARTA, Auteur ; Nasser AL DAGHRI, Auteur ; Mario CLERICI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.680-690 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic Spectrum Disorder  Immune system, VDR FokI  VDR polymorphisms  Vitamin D Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Vitamin D is endowed with a number of biological properties, including down-regulation of inflammation, and might contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Vitamin D binds to the vitamin D Receptor (VDR); the biological activity of the ensuing complex depends on VDR FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI gene polymorphisms. We evaluated such Single Nucletoide Polymorphismsm (SNPs) in a cohort of 100 Italian families with ASD children. FokI genotype distribution was skewed in ASD children compared with their healthy sibs (Pc = 0.03 2 df) and to a group of 170 Italian healthy women (HC) (Pc = 0.04 2 df). FokI genotype and allelic distribution skewing were also observed in mothers of ASD children compared to HC (Pc = 0.04 2 df). Both Transmission Disequilibrium Test for single loci and haplotype analysis distribution revealed a major FokI (C) allele-mediated protective effect, which was more frequently transmitted (73%) than not transmitted to healthy sibs (P = 0.02). A protective FokI-, BsmI-, ApaI-, and TaqI (CCAG) haplotype was more frequently carried by healthy sibs than by ASD children (P = 1 x 10(-4) ; OR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.03-0.4) too. Finally, a strong gene-dose association of FokI (T) allele with both higher Childhood Autism Rating Scale score (Pc = 0.01) and, particularly, with hyperactivity behavior (Pc = 0.006) emerged in ASD children. Because the protein produced by the FokI (T) allele is transcriptionally less active than that produced by the FokI (C) allele, the reduced biological activity of the vitamin D/VDR complex prevalent in ASD could favor ASD- and maternal immune activation- associated inflammation. Vitamin D supplementation might be useful in preventative and rehabilitation protocols for ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 680-690. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Vitamin D deficiency and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms are associated with structural and functional brain abnormalities and behavioral disorders. We analyzed the association of VDR gene polymorphisms in a cohort of 100 Italian families with ASD children. A strong correlation between one of the VDR polymorphisms and hyperactivity behavior was evidenced in ASD children. In healthy mothers, the same VDR polymorphism was also correlated with an increased risk of giving birth to children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2279 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Franca Rosa GUERINI, Auteur ; Elisabetta BOLOGNESI, Auteur ; Matteo CHIAPPEDI, Auteur ; Maria Martina MENSI, Auteur ; Oscar FUMAGALLI, Auteur ; Chiara ROGANTINI, Auteur ; Milena ZANZOTTERA, Auteur ; Alessandro GHEZZO, Auteur ; Michela ZANETTE, Auteur ; Cristina AGLIARDI, Auteur ; Andrea Saul COSTA, Auteur ; Stefano SOTGIU, Auteur ; Alessandra CARTA, Auteur ; Nasser AL DAGHRI, Auteur ; Mario CLERICI, Auteur . - p.680-690. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.680-690 Mots-clés : Autistic Spectrum Disorder  Immune system, VDR FokI  VDR polymorphisms  Vitamin D Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Vitamin D is endowed with a number of biological properties, including down-regulation of inflammation, and might contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Vitamin D binds to the vitamin D Receptor (VDR); the biological activity of the ensuing complex depends on VDR FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI gene polymorphisms. We evaluated such Single Nucletoide Polymorphismsm (SNPs) in a cohort of 100 Italian families with ASD children. FokI genotype distribution was skewed in ASD children compared with their healthy sibs (Pc = 0.03 2 df) and to a group of 170 Italian healthy women (HC) (Pc = 0.04 2 df). FokI genotype and allelic distribution skewing were also observed in mothers of ASD children compared to HC (Pc = 0.04 2 df). Both Transmission Disequilibrium Test for single loci and haplotype analysis distribution revealed a major FokI (C) allele-mediated protective effect, which was more frequently transmitted (73%) than not transmitted to healthy sibs (P = 0.02). A protective FokI-, BsmI-, ApaI-, and TaqI (CCAG) haplotype was more frequently carried by healthy sibs than by ASD children (P = 1 x 10(-4) ; OR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.03-0.4) too. Finally, a strong gene-dose association of FokI (T) allele with both higher Childhood Autism Rating Scale score (Pc = 0.01) and, particularly, with hyperactivity behavior (Pc = 0.006) emerged in ASD children. Because the protein produced by the FokI (T) allele is transcriptionally less active than that produced by the FokI (C) allele, the reduced biological activity of the vitamin D/VDR complex prevalent in ASD could favor ASD- and maternal immune activation- associated inflammation. Vitamin D supplementation might be useful in preventative and rehabilitation protocols for ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 680-690. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Vitamin D deficiency and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms are associated with structural and functional brain abnormalities and behavioral disorders. We analyzed the association of VDR gene polymorphisms in a cohort of 100 Italian families with ASD children. A strong correlation between one of the VDR polymorphisms and hyperactivity behavior was evidenced in ASD children. In healthy mothers, the same VDR polymorphism was also correlated with an increased risk of giving birth to children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2279 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Colonic dilation and altered ex vivo gastrointestinal motility in the neuroligin-3 knockout mouse / Anita J. L. LEEMBRUGGEN in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.691-701 Titre : Colonic dilation and altered ex vivo gastrointestinal motility in the neuroligin-3 knockout mouse Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anita J. L. LEEMBRUGGEN, Auteur ; Gayathri K. BALASURIYA, Auteur ; Jinghong ZHANG, Auteur ; Shana SCHOKMAN, Auteur ; Kristy SWIDERSKI, Auteur ; Joel C. BORNSTEIN, Auteur ; Jess NITHIANANTHARAJAH, Auteur ; Elisa L. HILL-YARDIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.691-701 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neuroligin-3  autism  gastrointestinal symptoms  gut motility  immunofluorescence  mouse models Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is commonly reported by people diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; autism) but the cause is unknown. Mutations in genes encoding synaptic proteins including Neuroligin-3 are associated with autism. Mice lacking Neuroligin-3 (Nlgn3(-/-) ) have altered brain function, but whether the enteric nervous system (ENS) is altered remains unknown. We assessed for changes in GI structure and function in Nlgn3(-/-) mice. We found no significant morphological differences in villus height or crypt depth in the jejunum or colon between wildtype (WT) and Nlgn3(-/-) mice. To determine whether deletion of Nlgn3 affects enteric neurons, we stained for neural markers in the myenteric plexus. Nlgn3(-/-) mice had similar numbers of neurons expressing the pan-neuronal marker Hu in the jejunum, proximal mid, and distal colon regions. We also found no differences in the number of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS+) or calretinin (CalR+) motor neurons and interneurons between WT and Nlgn3(-/-) mice. We used ex vivo video imaging analysis to assess colonic motility under baseline conditions and observed faster colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs) and an increased colonic diameter in Nlgn3(-/-) mice, although CMMC frequency was unchanged. At baseline, CMMCs were faster in Nlgn3(-/-) mice compared to WT. Although the numbers of neuronal subsets are conserved in Nlgn3(-/-) mice, these findings suggest that Neuroligin-3 modulates inhibitory neural pathways in the ENS and may contribute to mechanisms underlying GI disorders in autism. Autism Res 2020, 13: 691-701. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published byWiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism commonly experience gut problems. Many gene mutations associated with autism affect neuronal activity. We studied mice in which the autism-associated Neuroligin-3 gene is deleted to determine whether this impacts gut neuronal numbers or motility. We found that although mutant mice had similar gut structure and numbers of neurons in all gut regions examined, they had distended colons and faster colonic muscle contractions. Further work is needed to understand how Neuroligin-3 affects neuron connectivity in the gastrointestinal tract. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2109 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Colonic dilation and altered ex vivo gastrointestinal motility in the neuroligin-3 knockout mouse [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anita J. L. LEEMBRUGGEN, Auteur ; Gayathri K. BALASURIYA, Auteur ; Jinghong ZHANG, Auteur ; Shana SCHOKMAN, Auteur ; Kristy SWIDERSKI, Auteur ; Joel C. BORNSTEIN, Auteur ; Jess NITHIANANTHARAJAH, Auteur ; Elisa L. HILL-YARDIN, Auteur . - p.691-701. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.691-701 Mots-clés : Neuroligin-3  autism  gastrointestinal symptoms  gut motility  immunofluorescence  mouse models Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is commonly reported by people diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; autism) but the cause is unknown. Mutations in genes encoding synaptic proteins including Neuroligin-3 are associated with autism. Mice lacking Neuroligin-3 (Nlgn3(-/-) ) have altered brain function, but whether the enteric nervous system (ENS) is altered remains unknown. We assessed for changes in GI structure and function in Nlgn3(-/-) mice. We found no significant morphological differences in villus height or crypt depth in the jejunum or colon between wildtype (WT) and Nlgn3(-/-) mice. To determine whether deletion of Nlgn3 affects enteric neurons, we stained for neural markers in the myenteric plexus. Nlgn3(-/-) mice had similar numbers of neurons expressing the pan-neuronal marker Hu in the jejunum, proximal mid, and distal colon regions. We also found no differences in the number of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS+) or calretinin (CalR+) motor neurons and interneurons between WT and Nlgn3(-/-) mice. We used ex vivo video imaging analysis to assess colonic motility under baseline conditions and observed faster colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs) and an increased colonic diameter in Nlgn3(-/-) mice, although CMMC frequency was unchanged. At baseline, CMMCs were faster in Nlgn3(-/-) mice compared to WT. Although the numbers of neuronal subsets are conserved in Nlgn3(-/-) mice, these findings suggest that Neuroligin-3 modulates inhibitory neural pathways in the ENS and may contribute to mechanisms underlying GI disorders in autism. Autism Res 2020, 13: 691-701. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published byWiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism commonly experience gut problems. Many gene mutations associated with autism affect neuronal activity. We studied mice in which the autism-associated Neuroligin-3 gene is deleted to determine whether this impacts gut neuronal numbers or motility. We found that although mutant mice had similar gut structure and numbers of neurons in all gut regions examined, they had distended colons and faster colonic muscle contractions. Further work is needed to understand how Neuroligin-3 affects neuron connectivity in the gastrointestinal tract. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2109 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Reduced White Matter Integrity and Deficits in Neuropsychological Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Sarah M. HAIGH in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.702-714 Titre : Reduced White Matter Integrity and Deficits in Neuropsychological Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah M. HAIGH, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Shaun M. EACK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.702-714 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Dti  Fa  Matrics  Tbss  adults  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is currently viewed as a disorder of cortical systems connectivity, with a heavy emphasis being on the structural integrity of white matter tracts. However, the majority of the literature to date has focused on children with ASD. Understanding the integrity of white matter tracts in adults may help reveal the nature of ASD pathology in adulthood and the potential contributors to cognitive impairment. This study examined white matter water diffusion using diffusion tensor imaging in relation to neuropsychological measures of cognition in a sample of 45 adults with ASD compared to 20 age, gender, and full-scale-IQ-matched healthy volunteers. Tract-based spatial statistics were used to assess differences in diffusion along white matter tracts between groups using permutation testing. The following neuropsychological measures of cognition were assessed: processing speed, attention vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. Results indicated that fractional anisotropy (FA) was significantly reduced in adults with ASD in the anterior thalamic radiation (P = 0.022) and the right cingulum (P = 0.008). All neuropsychological measures were worse in the ASD group, but none of the measures significantly correlated with reduced FA in either tract in the adults with ASD or in the healthy volunteers. Together, this indicates that the tracts that are the most impacted in autism may not be (at least directly) responsible for the behavioral deficits in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 702-714. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: White matter tracts are the data cables in the brain that efficiently transfer information, and damage to these tracts could be the cause for the abnormal behaviors that are associated with autism. We found that two long-range tracts (the anterior thalamic radiation and the cingulum) were both impaired in autism but were not directly related to the impairments in behavior. This suggests that the abnormal tracts and behavior are the effects of another underlying mechanism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2271 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Reduced White Matter Integrity and Deficits in Neuropsychological Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah M. HAIGH, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Shaun M. EACK, Auteur . - p.702-714. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.702-714 Mots-clés : Dti  Fa  Matrics  Tbss  adults  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is currently viewed as a disorder of cortical systems connectivity, with a heavy emphasis being on the structural integrity of white matter tracts. However, the majority of the literature to date has focused on children with ASD. Understanding the integrity of white matter tracts in adults may help reveal the nature of ASD pathology in adulthood and the potential contributors to cognitive impairment. This study examined white matter water diffusion using diffusion tensor imaging in relation to neuropsychological measures of cognition in a sample of 45 adults with ASD compared to 20 age, gender, and full-scale-IQ-matched healthy volunteers. Tract-based spatial statistics were used to assess differences in diffusion along white matter tracts between groups using permutation testing. The following neuropsychological measures of cognition were assessed: processing speed, attention vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. Results indicated that fractional anisotropy (FA) was significantly reduced in adults with ASD in the anterior thalamic radiation (P = 0.022) and the right cingulum (P = 0.008). All neuropsychological measures were worse in the ASD group, but none of the measures significantly correlated with reduced FA in either tract in the adults with ASD or in the healthy volunteers. Together, this indicates that the tracts that are the most impacted in autism may not be (at least directly) responsible for the behavioral deficits in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 702-714. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: White matter tracts are the data cables in the brain that efficiently transfer information, and damage to these tracts could be the cause for the abnormal behaviors that are associated with autism. We found that two long-range tracts (the anterior thalamic radiation and the cingulum) were both impaired in autism but were not directly related to the impairments in behavior. This suggests that the abnormal tracts and behavior are the effects of another underlying mechanism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2271 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Neural Mechanisms of Social and Nonsocial Reward Prediction Errors in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Jessica Lynn KINARD in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.715-728 Titre : Neural Mechanisms of Social and Nonsocial Reward Prediction Errors in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jessica Lynn KINARD, Auteur ; Maya Gelman MOSNER, Auteur ; Rachel Kirsten GREENE, Auteur ; Merideth A. ADDICOTT, Auteur ; Joshua BIZZELL, Auteur ; Chris PETTY, Auteur ; Paul M. CERNASOV, Auteur ; Erin WALSH, Auteur ; Tory EISENLOHR-MOUL, Auteur ; Ronald MCKELL CARTER, Auteur ; Marcy MCLAMB, Auteur ; Alissa HOPPER, Auteur ; Rebecca SUKHU, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.715-728 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  fMRI  reward prediction error  social  social-communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impaired predictive abilities; however, the neural mechanisms subsuming reward prediction errors in ASD are poorly understood. In the current study, we investigated neural responses during social and nonsocial reward prediction errors in 22 adolescents with ASD (ages 12-17) and 20 typically developing control adolescents (ages 12-18). Participants performed a reward prediction error task using both social (i.e., faces) and nonsocial (i.e., objects) rewards during a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Reward prediction errors were defined in two ways: (a) the signed prediction error, the difference between the experienced and expected reward; and (b) the thresholded unsigned prediction error, the difference between expected and unexpected outcomes regardless of magnitude. During social reward prediction errors, the ASD group demonstrated the following differences relative to the TD group: (a) signed prediction error: decreased activation in the right precentral gyrus and increased activation in the right frontal pole; and (b) thresholded unsigned prediction error: increased activation in the right anterior cingulate gyrus and bilateral precentral gyrus. Groups did not differ in brain activation during nonsocial reward prediction errors. Within the ASD group, exploratory analyses revealed that reaction times and social-communication impairments were related to precentral gyrus activation during social prediction errors. These findings elucidate the neural mechanisms of social reward prediction errors in ASD and suggest that ASD is characterized by greater neural atypicalities during social, relative to nonsocial, reward prediction errors in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 715-728. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We used brain imaging to evaluate differences in brain activation in adolescents with autism while they performed tasks that involved learning about social and nonsocial information. We found no differences in brain responses during the nonsocial condition, but differences during the social condition of the learning task. This study provides evidence that autism may involve different patterns of brain activation when learning about social information. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2273 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Neural Mechanisms of Social and Nonsocial Reward Prediction Errors in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jessica Lynn KINARD, Auteur ; Maya Gelman MOSNER, Auteur ; Rachel Kirsten GREENE, Auteur ; Merideth A. ADDICOTT, Auteur ; Joshua BIZZELL, Auteur ; Chris PETTY, Auteur ; Paul M. CERNASOV, Auteur ; Erin WALSH, Auteur ; Tory EISENLOHR-MOUL, Auteur ; Ronald MCKELL CARTER, Auteur ; Marcy MCLAMB, Auteur ; Alissa HOPPER, Auteur ; Rebecca SUKHU, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur . - p.715-728. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.715-728 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  fMRI  reward prediction error  social  social-communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impaired predictive abilities; however, the neural mechanisms subsuming reward prediction errors in ASD are poorly understood. In the current study, we investigated neural responses during social and nonsocial reward prediction errors in 22 adolescents with ASD (ages 12-17) and 20 typically developing control adolescents (ages 12-18). Participants performed a reward prediction error task using both social (i.e., faces) and nonsocial (i.e., objects) rewards during a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Reward prediction errors were defined in two ways: (a) the signed prediction error, the difference between the experienced and expected reward; and (b) the thresholded unsigned prediction error, the difference between expected and unexpected outcomes regardless of magnitude. During social reward prediction errors, the ASD group demonstrated the following differences relative to the TD group: (a) signed prediction error: decreased activation in the right precentral gyrus and increased activation in the right frontal pole; and (b) thresholded unsigned prediction error: increased activation in the right anterior cingulate gyrus and bilateral precentral gyrus. Groups did not differ in brain activation during nonsocial reward prediction errors. Within the ASD group, exploratory analyses revealed that reaction times and social-communication impairments were related to precentral gyrus activation during social prediction errors. These findings elucidate the neural mechanisms of social reward prediction errors in ASD and suggest that ASD is characterized by greater neural atypicalities during social, relative to nonsocial, reward prediction errors in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 715-728. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We used brain imaging to evaluate differences in brain activation in adolescents with autism while they performed tasks that involved learning about social and nonsocial information. We found no differences in brain responses during the nonsocial condition, but differences during the social condition of the learning task. This study provides evidence that autism may involve different patterns of brain activation when learning about social information. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2273 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Microstructural Anomalies Evaluated by Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging Are Related to Deficits in Facial Emotional Recognition via Perceptual-Binding Difficulties in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Fumihiko YASUNO in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.729-740 Titre : Microstructural Anomalies Evaluated by Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging Are Related to Deficits in Facial Emotional Recognition via Perceptual-Binding Difficulties in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Fumihiko YASUNO, Auteur ; Manabu MAKINODAN, Auteur ; Masato TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Kiwamu MATSUOKA, Auteur ; Hiroaki YOSHIKAWA, Auteur ; Soichiro KITAMURA, Auteur ; Rio ISHIDA, Auteur ; Naoko KISHIMOTO, Auteur ; Toshiteru MIYASAKA, Auteur ; Kimihiko KICHIKAWA, Auteur ; Toshifumi KISHIMOTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.729-740 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Noddi  autism spectrum disorder  corpus callosum  facial emotional recognition  interhemispheric  neurite-orientation dispersion and density imaging  perceptual integration Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The integration of visual features is important for recognizing objects as a coherent whole, a key domain of difficulty in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We tested the hypothesis that ASD patients exhibit difficulties in facial emotional recognition via perceptual binding difficulties due to weak coherence. We assessed 18 ASD and 27 typically developing individuals for their ability to identify emotional expressions from faces in pictures moving behind a narrow vertical and horizontal slit. In this task, only a single local piece of facial information was provided at any one time through the slit. Using a voxel-based analysis of neurite-orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), we examined the relationship between NODDI index values at each voxel and the behavioral performance of ASD patients in the slit-viewing paradigm. ASD patients demonstrated impaired recognition of facial emotional expression only in horizontal slit-viewing. This deficit was associated with deficits in communication ability. Voxel-based analysis revealed significant negative correlations between behavioral deficits in horizontal slit-viewing and NODDI index values in clusters including the ventral occipital complex region, superior temporal/parietal association areas, and forceps major of the corpus callosum. Our results indicated deficits for the first time in perceptual integration of facial expression across hemispheres in ASD patients due to microstructural disturbances in the corpus callosum and areas related to viewing of the human face. This may underscore the difficulties faced by ASD patients in understanding the emotions of other people, contributing to impairments in communication ability in ASD patients. Autism Res 2020, 13: 729-740. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We assessed ASD and typically developing individuals for their ability to identify emotional expressions from faces in pictures moving behind a narrow vertical and horizontal slit. ASD patients demonstrated impaired recognition of facial emotional expression only in horizontal slit-viewing. Voxel-based analysis revealed significant negative correlations between behavioral deficits and NODDI index values in clusters including the corpus callosum. Our results indicated deficits in perceptual integration of facial expression across hemispheres in ASD patients potentially resulting from microstructural disturbances. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2280 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Microstructural Anomalies Evaluated by Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging Are Related to Deficits in Facial Emotional Recognition via Perceptual-Binding Difficulties in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Fumihiko YASUNO, Auteur ; Manabu MAKINODAN, Auteur ; Masato TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Kiwamu MATSUOKA, Auteur ; Hiroaki YOSHIKAWA, Auteur ; Soichiro KITAMURA, Auteur ; Rio ISHIDA, Auteur ; Naoko KISHIMOTO, Auteur ; Toshiteru MIYASAKA, Auteur ; Kimihiko KICHIKAWA, Auteur ; Toshifumi KISHIMOTO, Auteur . - p.729-740. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.729-740 Mots-clés : Noddi  autism spectrum disorder  corpus callosum  facial emotional recognition  interhemispheric  neurite-orientation dispersion and density imaging  perceptual integration Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The integration of visual features is important for recognizing objects as a coherent whole, a key domain of difficulty in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We tested the hypothesis that ASD patients exhibit difficulties in facial emotional recognition via perceptual binding difficulties due to weak coherence. We assessed 18 ASD and 27 typically developing individuals for their ability to identify emotional expressions from faces in pictures moving behind a narrow vertical and horizontal slit. In this task, only a single local piece of facial information was provided at any one time through the slit. Using a voxel-based analysis of neurite-orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), we examined the relationship between NODDI index values at each voxel and the behavioral performance of ASD patients in the slit-viewing paradigm. ASD patients demonstrated impaired recognition of facial emotional expression only in horizontal slit-viewing. This deficit was associated with deficits in communication ability. Voxel-based analysis revealed significant negative correlations between behavioral deficits in horizontal slit-viewing and NODDI index values in clusters including the ventral occipital complex region, superior temporal/parietal association areas, and forceps major of the corpus callosum. Our results indicated deficits for the first time in perceptual integration of facial expression across hemispheres in ASD patients due to microstructural disturbances in the corpus callosum and areas related to viewing of the human face. This may underscore the difficulties faced by ASD patients in understanding the emotions of other people, contributing to impairments in communication ability in ASD patients. Autism Res 2020, 13: 729-740. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We assessed ASD and typically developing individuals for their ability to identify emotional expressions from faces in pictures moving behind a narrow vertical and horizontal slit. ASD patients demonstrated impaired recognition of facial emotional expression only in horizontal slit-viewing. Voxel-based analysis revealed significant negative correlations between behavioral deficits and NODDI index values in clusters including the corpus callosum. Our results indicated deficits in perceptual integration of facial expression across hemispheres in ASD patients potentially resulting from microstructural disturbances. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2280 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Sensory Processing Patterns and Fusiform Activity During Face Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Ayaka KUNO-FUJITA in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.741-750 Titre : Sensory Processing Patterns and Fusiform Activity During Face Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ayaka KUNO-FUJITA, Auteur ; Toshiki IWABUCHI, Auteur ; Keisuke WAKUSAWA, Auteur ; Hiroyuki ITO, Auteur ; Katsuaki SUZUKI, Auteur ; Akira SHIGETOMI, Auteur ; Kosaka HIROTAKA, Auteur ; Masatsugu TSUJII, Auteur ; Kenji J. TSUCHIYA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.741-750 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  fMRI  face processing  fusiform gyrus  sensory processing  sensory profile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A growing body of evidence has indicated that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit abnormal reactions to sensory stimuli and impaired face processing. Although behavioral studies have reported that individual differences in sensory processing patterns are correlated with performance in face processing tasks, the neural substrates underlying the association between sensory processing patterns and face processing remain unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the present study examined the relationships between sensory processing patterns assessed with the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) and brain activity during a one-back task with two types of stimuli (face or house pictures). We enrolled 18 Japanese adults with ASD and 19 age- and IQ-matched controls. Sensation Avoiding scores, which were assessed using the AASP, were positively correlated with right fusiform activity during the presentation of pictures of faces in the ASD group, but not in the control group. This suggests that abnormal sensory processing patterns in ASD are associated with abnormal face-related brain activity, possibly resulting in impaired face processing. Autism Res 2020, 13: 741-750. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Sensory abnormalities are one of the most common symptoms in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study shows that individuals with ASD who react abnormally to sensory stimuli also exhibit atypical brain activity when recognizing faces. Abnormal sensory processing may partly explain the difficulty that people diagnosed with ASD have in identifying others' faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2283 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Sensory Processing Patterns and Fusiform Activity During Face Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ayaka KUNO-FUJITA, Auteur ; Toshiki IWABUCHI, Auteur ; Keisuke WAKUSAWA, Auteur ; Hiroyuki ITO, Auteur ; Katsuaki SUZUKI, Auteur ; Akira SHIGETOMI, Auteur ; Kosaka HIROTAKA, Auteur ; Masatsugu TSUJII, Auteur ; Kenji J. TSUCHIYA, Auteur . - p.741-750. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.741-750 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  fMRI  face processing  fusiform gyrus  sensory processing  sensory profile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A growing body of evidence has indicated that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit abnormal reactions to sensory stimuli and impaired face processing. Although behavioral studies have reported that individual differences in sensory processing patterns are correlated with performance in face processing tasks, the neural substrates underlying the association between sensory processing patterns and face processing remain unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the present study examined the relationships between sensory processing patterns assessed with the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) and brain activity during a one-back task with two types of stimuli (face or house pictures). We enrolled 18 Japanese adults with ASD and 19 age- and IQ-matched controls. Sensation Avoiding scores, which were assessed using the AASP, were positively correlated with right fusiform activity during the presentation of pictures of faces in the ASD group, but not in the control group. This suggests that abnormal sensory processing patterns in ASD are associated with abnormal face-related brain activity, possibly resulting in impaired face processing. Autism Res 2020, 13: 741-750. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Sensory abnormalities are one of the most common symptoms in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study shows that individuals with ASD who react abnormally to sensory stimuli also exhibit atypical brain activity when recognizing faces. Abnormal sensory processing may partly explain the difficulty that people diagnosed with ASD have in identifying others' faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2283 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Theory of mind performance in younger and older adults with elevated autistic traits / Gavin R. STEWART in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.751-762 Titre : Theory of mind performance in younger and older adults with elevated autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gavin R. STEWART, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur ; Martha COTTAM, Auteur ; Rebecca A. CHARLTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.751-762 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adulthood  aging  autism  broad autism phenotype  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about the impact of aging with Autism Spectrum Disorder on theory of mind (ToM). While ToM difficulties appear to abate with age in older autistic populations, this has yet to be explored in the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP). The current study examined ToM performance among younger (n = 49, aged 18-46) and older adults (n = 47, aged 60-91) who were classified as on the BAP (younger n = 18; older n = 21) or not (younger n = 31; older n = 26) using the BAP Questionnaire. ToM was assessed using the ecologically valid Strange Stories Film Task (SSFT) and the dynamic Happe-Frith Triangle Animations task (TA). A 2 x 2 analysis of variance examined the effects of autistic traits (BAP vs. non-BAP) and age (young vs. old). For both SSFT and TA, results showed autistic trait main effects on task performance (non-BAP > BAP). Age main effects were observed for some but not all metrics on TA (younger better than older), with no differences in SSFT. An interaction of autistic traits and age was observed in TA Intentionality, with younger non-BAP and younger BAP performing similarly but older non-BAP performing better than older BAP. Results show that younger and older adults with elevated autistic traits show poorer ToM performance. Despite ToM difficulties being common in later life in the general population, this effect was not observed when using a ToM task designed to reflect real-world scenarios. However, results suggest that autistic traits and age could interact to increase risk for poor ToM performance in older adults who endorse elevated autistic traits. Autism Res 2020, 13: 751-762. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The behaviors and characteristics commonly found in autism spectrum disorders have been linked to differences in understanding social situations. Similar difficulties have also been found in older age. We assessed social understanding in younger and older adults from the general population. Both younger and older adults who report more autism-like characteristics experience more difficulties with social understanding. However, few differences were found between younger and older adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2206 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Theory of mind performance in younger and older adults with elevated autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gavin R. STEWART, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur ; Martha COTTAM, Auteur ; Rebecca A. CHARLTON, Auteur . - p.751-762. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.751-762 Mots-clés : adulthood  aging  autism  broad autism phenotype  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about the impact of aging with Autism Spectrum Disorder on theory of mind (ToM). While ToM difficulties appear to abate with age in older autistic populations, this has yet to be explored in the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP). The current study examined ToM performance among younger (n = 49, aged 18-46) and older adults (n = 47, aged 60-91) who were classified as on the BAP (younger n = 18; older n = 21) or not (younger n = 31; older n = 26) using the BAP Questionnaire. ToM was assessed using the ecologically valid Strange Stories Film Task (SSFT) and the dynamic Happe-Frith Triangle Animations task (TA). A 2 x 2 analysis of variance examined the effects of autistic traits (BAP vs. non-BAP) and age (young vs. old). For both SSFT and TA, results showed autistic trait main effects on task performance (non-BAP > BAP). Age main effects were observed for some but not all metrics on TA (younger better than older), with no differences in SSFT. An interaction of autistic traits and age was observed in TA Intentionality, with younger non-BAP and younger BAP performing similarly but older non-BAP performing better than older BAP. Results show that younger and older adults with elevated autistic traits show poorer ToM performance. Despite ToM difficulties being common in later life in the general population, this effect was not observed when using a ToM task designed to reflect real-world scenarios. However, results suggest that autistic traits and age could interact to increase risk for poor ToM performance in older adults who endorse elevated autistic traits. Autism Res 2020, 13: 751-762. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The behaviors and characteristics commonly found in autism spectrum disorders have been linked to differences in understanding social situations. Similar difficulties have also been found in older age. We assessed social understanding in younger and older adults from the general population. Both younger and older adults who report more autism-like characteristics experience more difficulties with social understanding. However, few differences were found between younger and older adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2206 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Social and Object Attention Is Influenced by Biological Sex and Toy Gender-Congruence in Children With and Without Autism / Clare HARROP in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.763-776 Titre : Social and Object Attention Is Influenced by Biological Sex and Toy Gender-Congruence in Children With and Without Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Clare HARROP, Auteur ; Desiree R. JONES, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur ; Shuting ZHENG, Auteur ; Sallie W. NOWELL, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.763-776 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention  eye tracking  gender  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Emerging research suggests social attention in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) girls is enhanced relative to ASD boys but may also be affected by the type of social and nonsocial content presented. This study examined how biological sex and gender norms interact to influence visual attention in 79 school-aged children observing scenes that included gender-associated toys and actors of both sexes. Attention to social (faces) and object activity (hands with toys) stimuli was measured. Previously described distinctions between social attention in ASD boys and girls were replicated, with ASD girls looking more at faces than ASD boys. Irrespective of diagnosis, males and females attended more to actors that shared their same sex, and attended more to toys with gender-associations that were consistent with their own sex, suggesting that social and object salience increases for children under sex-consistent conditions. Importantly, ASD and typically developing (TD) children increased their gaze to faces when male actors were shown playing with female-associated toys, suggesting that both groups of children are sensitive to societal messages about the acceptability of males playing with female-associated toys. Our findings provide further evidence of heightened attention to faces in ASD girls relative to ASD boys, and indicate that social attention in ASD and TD children is influenced by who (male or female actor) and what (male- or female-associated toy) is being observed. Collectively, these results present a nuanced profile of attention in ASD that adds to a growing body of research indicating subtle phenotypic differences in ASD girls that may impact identification, assessment, and intervention. Autism Res 2020, 13: 763-776.. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Sex differences observed in typical development may also be present in individuals with autism. In this study, we developed an eye-tracking paradigm featuring videos of boys and girls playing with toys that varied in their gender associations. Attention to faces differed between autistic and non-autistic children but was also influenced by the sex of the actor and gender-association of toys. Autistic females demonstrated subtle attention differences that distinguished them from autistic males and may influence referral, diagnosis, and intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2245 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Social and Object Attention Is Influenced by Biological Sex and Toy Gender-Congruence in Children With and Without Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Clare HARROP, Auteur ; Desiree R. JONES, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur ; Shuting ZHENG, Auteur ; Sallie W. NOWELL, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur . - p.763-776. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.763-776 Mots-clés : attention  eye tracking  gender  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Emerging research suggests social attention in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) girls is enhanced relative to ASD boys but may also be affected by the type of social and nonsocial content presented. This study examined how biological sex and gender norms interact to influence visual attention in 79 school-aged children observing scenes that included gender-associated toys and actors of both sexes. Attention to social (faces) and object activity (hands with toys) stimuli was measured. Previously described distinctions between social attention in ASD boys and girls were replicated, with ASD girls looking more at faces than ASD boys. Irrespective of diagnosis, males and females attended more to actors that shared their same sex, and attended more to toys with gender-associations that were consistent with their own sex, suggesting that social and object salience increases for children under sex-consistent conditions. Importantly, ASD and typically developing (TD) children increased their gaze to faces when male actors were shown playing with female-associated toys, suggesting that both groups of children are sensitive to societal messages about the acceptability of males playing with female-associated toys. Our findings provide further evidence of heightened attention to faces in ASD girls relative to ASD boys, and indicate that social attention in ASD and TD children is influenced by who (male or female actor) and what (male- or female-associated toy) is being observed. Collectively, these results present a nuanced profile of attention in ASD that adds to a growing body of research indicating subtle phenotypic differences in ASD girls that may impact identification, assessment, and intervention. Autism Res 2020, 13: 763-776.. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Sex differences observed in typical development may also be present in individuals with autism. In this study, we developed an eye-tracking paradigm featuring videos of boys and girls playing with toys that varied in their gender associations. Attention to faces differed between autistic and non-autistic children but was also influenced by the sex of the actor and gender-association of toys. Autistic females demonstrated subtle attention differences that distinguished them from autistic males and may influence referral, diagnosis, and intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2245 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD / Danielle MCAULIFFE in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.777-784 Titre : Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Yi ZHAO, Auteur ; Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Katarina AMENT, Auteur ; Jack ADAMEK, Auteur ; Brian S. CAFFO, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.777-784 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  dyspraxia  imitation  learning  motor control  skill learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists of altered performance of a range of skills, including social/communicative and motor skills. It is unclear whether this altered performance results from atypical acquisition or learning of the skills or from atypical "online" performance of the skills. Atypicalities of skilled actions that require both motor and cognitive resources, such as abnormal gesturing, are highly prevalent in ASD and are easier to study in a laboratory context than are social/communicative skills. Imitation has long been known to be impaired in ASD; because learning via imitation is a prime method by which humans acquire skills, we tested the hypothesis that children with ASD show alterations in learning novel gestures via imitation. Eighteen participants with ASD and IQ > 80, ages 8-12.9 years, and 19 typically developing peers performed a task in which they watched a video of a model performing a novel, meaningless arm/hand gesture and copied the gesture. Each gesture video/copy sequence was repeated 4-6 times. Eight gestures were analyzed. Examination of learning trajectories revealed that while children with ASD made nearly as much progress in learning from repetition 1 to repetition 4, the shape of the learning curves differed. Causal modeling demonstrated the shape of the learning curve influenced both the performance of overlearned gestures and autism severity, suggesting that it is in the index of learning mechanisms relevant both to motor skills and to autism core features. Autism Res 2020, 13: 777-784.. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Imitation is a route by which humans learn a wide range of skills, naturally and in therapies. Imitation is known to be altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but learning via imitation has not been rigorously examined. We found that the shape of the learning curve is altered in ASD, in a way that has a significant impact both on measures of autism severity and of other motor skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2253 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Yi ZHAO, Auteur ; Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Katarina AMENT, Auteur ; Jack ADAMEK, Auteur ; Brian S. CAFFO, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur . - p.777-784. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.777-784 Mots-clés : autism  dyspraxia  imitation  learning  motor control  skill learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists of altered performance of a range of skills, including social/communicative and motor skills. It is unclear whether this altered performance results from atypical acquisition or learning of the skills or from atypical "online" performance of the skills. Atypicalities of skilled actions that require both motor and cognitive resources, such as abnormal gesturing, are highly prevalent in ASD and are easier to study in a laboratory context than are social/communicative skills. Imitation has long been known to be impaired in ASD; because learning via imitation is a prime method by which humans acquire skills, we tested the hypothesis that children with ASD show alterations in learning novel gestures via imitation. Eighteen participants with ASD and IQ > 80, ages 8-12.9 years, and 19 typically developing peers performed a task in which they watched a video of a model performing a novel, meaningless arm/hand gesture and copied the gesture. Each gesture video/copy sequence was repeated 4-6 times. Eight gestures were analyzed. Examination of learning trajectories revealed that while children with ASD made nearly as much progress in learning from repetition 1 to repetition 4, the shape of the learning curves differed. Causal modeling demonstrated the shape of the learning curve influenced both the performance of overlearned gestures and autism severity, suggesting that it is in the index of learning mechanisms relevant both to motor skills and to autism core features. Autism Res 2020, 13: 777-784.. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Imitation is a route by which humans learn a wide range of skills, naturally and in therapies. Imitation is known to be altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but learning via imitation has not been rigorously examined. We found that the shape of the learning curve is altered in ASD, in a way that has a significant impact both on measures of autism severity and of other motor skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2253 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

The Relationship Between Sensory Reactivity Differences and Anxiety Subtypes in Autistic Children / Keren MACLENNAN in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.785-795 Titre : The Relationship Between Sensory Reactivity Differences and Anxiety Subtypes in Autistic Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Keren MACLENNAN, Auteur ; Lauren ROACH, Auteur ; Teresa TAVASSOLI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.785-795 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety  anxiety disorders  autism  child  risk factors  sensory reactivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children are at greater risk of developing anxiety than their nonautistic peers. Sensory reactivity differences have been implicated as one of the risk factors. Specifically, sensory hyperreactivity has previously been linked to anxiety, including separation anxiety and specific phobia; however, minimal research has explored the influence of sensory hyporeactivity and seeking. Therefore, the present study examined the correlational relationship between sensory reactivity differences and anxiety subtypes in 41 autistic children aged between 3 and 14 years, using parent- and self-reported measures. We found positive correlations between sensory hyperreactivity and total anxiety, separation anxiety and physical injury fears. However, when controlling for autism traits, we found sensory hyperreactivity to be related to physical injury fears and specific phobia, and sensory hyporeactivity to be related to lower total and social anxiety. We found no significant relationships between sensory seeking and anxiety. These results indicate that sensory hyperreactivity and hyporeactivity might be implicated in specific anxiety symptomology. Our results also indicate minimal agreement between parent- and self-reported anxieties, which highlights the limitations of informant reports for anxiety and the pressing need for objective anxiety assessments for autistic children to be developed. Our findings have important implications for limiting the development of anxiety in autistic children and suggest that sensory reactivity differences should be considered when developing targeted interventions for certain anxiety disorders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 785-795. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The present study found that when considering autism traits, greater sensory hyperreactivity, such as being oversensitive to sounds, was related to elevated phobia-related symptoms and sensory hyporeactivity, such as being under-responsive to touch, was related to lower total and social anxieties. Sensory seeking, such as a fascination with lights, was not related to anxiety. Our results have important implications for targeted anxiety interventions for autistic children. However, due to minimal agreement between the parent- and child-reported scores, developing more objective measures of anxiety would be beneficial. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2259 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] The Relationship Between Sensory Reactivity Differences and Anxiety Subtypes in Autistic Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Keren MACLENNAN, Auteur ; Lauren ROACH, Auteur ; Teresa TAVASSOLI, Auteur . - p.785-795. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.785-795 Mots-clés : anxiety  anxiety disorders  autism  child  risk factors  sensory reactivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children are at greater risk of developing anxiety than their nonautistic peers. Sensory reactivity differences have been implicated as one of the risk factors. Specifically, sensory hyperreactivity has previously been linked to anxiety, including separation anxiety and specific phobia; however, minimal research has explored the influence of sensory hyporeactivity and seeking. Therefore, the present study examined the correlational relationship between sensory reactivity differences and anxiety subtypes in 41 autistic children aged between 3 and 14 years, using parent- and self-reported measures. We found positive correlations between sensory hyperreactivity and total anxiety, separation anxiety and physical injury fears. However, when controlling for autism traits, we found sensory hyperreactivity to be related to physical injury fears and specific phobia, and sensory hyporeactivity to be related to lower total and social anxiety. We found no significant relationships between sensory seeking and anxiety. These results indicate that sensory hyperreactivity and hyporeactivity might be implicated in specific anxiety symptomology. Our results also indicate minimal agreement between parent- and self-reported anxieties, which highlights the limitations of informant reports for anxiety and the pressing need for objective anxiety assessments for autistic children to be developed. Our findings have important implications for limiting the development of anxiety in autistic children and suggest that sensory reactivity differences should be considered when developing targeted interventions for certain anxiety disorders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 785-795. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The present study found that when considering autism traits, greater sensory hyperreactivity, such as being oversensitive to sounds, was related to elevated phobia-related symptoms and sensory hyporeactivity, such as being under-responsive to touch, was related to lower total and social anxieties. Sensory seeking, such as a fascination with lights, was not related to anxiety. Our results have important implications for targeted anxiety interventions for autistic children. However, due to minimal agreement between the parent- and child-reported scores, developing more objective measures of anxiety would be beneficial. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2259 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Exploring Developmental and Behavioral Heterogeneity among Preschoolers with ASD: A Cluster Analysis on Principal Components / Shuting ZHENG in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.796-809 Titre : Exploring Developmental and Behavioral Heterogeneity among Preschoolers with ASD: A Cluster Analysis on Principal Components Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shuting ZHENG, Auteur ; Kara A. HUME, Auteur ; Harriet ABLE, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; Brian A. BOYD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.796-809 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : developmental domains  early development  measures  preschoolers  subgroups Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present with heterogeneous levels of abilities and deficits. The identification of subgroups within a specific age range could be useful for understanding prognosis and treatment planning. We applied Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components (HCPC) with a sample of 188 preschoolers with ASD and identified three distinct subgroups based on multiple developmental and behavioral domains. Cluster 1 was characterized by relatively high cognitive, language and adaptive abilities, and relatively low levels of social symptoms, repetitive behaviors, and sensory issues within the sample. Cluster 2 was characterized by similarly high cognitive, language and adaptive abilities compared to Cluster 1, but more severe social deficits as well as repetitive and sensory behaviors. Finally, Cluster 3 was characterized by lower cognitive, language and adaptive abilities, and more severe social, repetitive, and sensory symptoms. These findings provide insights into how considering multiple developmental and behavioral domains and core autism symptoms simultaneously can distinguish subgroups of young children with ASD and provide more comprehensive developmental profiles. Moreover, the unique profile of children in Cluster 2 highlighted the usefulness of including different measures and informants when evaluating the abilities and deficits of preschoolers with ASD and the importance of understanding the relationships among different developmental and behavioral factors in this specific population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 796-809. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism exhibit a range of abilities and deficits in different developmental and behavioral areas, making it difficult to tailor treatment and predict outcomes. We identified three distinct subgroups among 188 preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder distinguished by the combination of measures from multiple developmental and behavioral domains. The findings revealed the importance of comprehensive profiling of the child's abilities and deficits to inform subgrouping within autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2263 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Exploring Developmental and Behavioral Heterogeneity among Preschoolers with ASD: A Cluster Analysis on Principal Components [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shuting ZHENG, Auteur ; Kara A. HUME, Auteur ; Harriet ABLE, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; Brian A. BOYD, Auteur . - p.796-809. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.796-809 Mots-clés : developmental domains  early development  measures  preschoolers  subgroups Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present with heterogeneous levels of abilities and deficits. The identification of subgroups within a specific age range could be useful for understanding prognosis and treatment planning. We applied Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components (HCPC) with a sample of 188 preschoolers with ASD and identified three distinct subgroups based on multiple developmental and behavioral domains. Cluster 1 was characterized by relatively high cognitive, language and adaptive abilities, and relatively low levels of social symptoms, repetitive behaviors, and sensory issues within the sample. Cluster 2 was characterized by similarly high cognitive, language and adaptive abilities compared to Cluster 1, but more severe social deficits as well as repetitive and sensory behaviors. Finally, Cluster 3 was characterized by lower cognitive, language and adaptive abilities, and more severe social, repetitive, and sensory symptoms. These findings provide insights into how considering multiple developmental and behavioral domains and core autism symptoms simultaneously can distinguish subgroups of young children with ASD and provide more comprehensive developmental profiles. Moreover, the unique profile of children in Cluster 2 highlighted the usefulness of including different measures and informants when evaluating the abilities and deficits of preschoolers with ASD and the importance of understanding the relationships among different developmental and behavioral factors in this specific population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 796-809. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism exhibit a range of abilities and deficits in different developmental and behavioral areas, making it difficult to tailor treatment and predict outcomes. We identified three distinct subgroups among 188 preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder distinguished by the combination of measures from multiple developmental and behavioral domains. The findings revealed the importance of comprehensive profiling of the child's abilities and deficits to inform subgrouping within autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2263 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The Role of Action in Self-Referential Advantage in Children With Autism / Gaowa WUYUN in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.810-820 Titre : Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The Role of Action in Self-Referential Advantage in Children With Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gaowa WUYUN, Auteur ; Jiao WANG, Auteur ; Long ZHANG, Auteur ; Kai WANG, Auteur ; Li YI, Auteur ; Yanhong WU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.810-820 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : action  autism spectrum disorder  ownership  self  self-referential advantage Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impaired self-processing in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is believed to be closely associated with social-communicative deficits, a core symptom of ASD. In three experiments, we aimed to investigate (a) whether children with ASD exhibited deficient in self-processing, as reflected by their superior memory for self-related items as compared to other-related items, and (b) the role that action played in promoting self-processing in ASD. In Experiment 1, children with ASD, children with intellectual disability (ID), and typically developing children were asked to memorize items on the cards assigned to them or to the experimenter. The results indicated that the TD and ID groups had a self-referential memory advantage, but the ASD group did not. Experiments 2 and 3 examined whether the deficit in self-processing among children with ASDs was ameliorated when participants performed or observed an action to indicate the ownership of the items. We found that when children with ASD performed self-generated actions or observed virtual actions, they displayed a similar self-referential memory advantage as the other two groups. Our findings reveal that action plays an important role in the self-processing in children with ASD, and thereby contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of self-processing deficits in this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 810-820. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research,Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We aimed to study whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibited deficient in self-processing and the role of action in promoting self-processing in ASD. We found that the typically developing and intellectual disability groups had a self-referential memory advantage, but the ASD group did not. However, children with ASD showed a significant self-referential advantage when they performed or observed an action to indicate the ownership of items. These findings highlight the vital role that action plays in cognitively enhancing their self-processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2274 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The Role of Action in Self-Referential Advantage in Children With Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gaowa WUYUN, Auteur ; Jiao WANG, Auteur ; Long ZHANG, Auteur ; Kai WANG, Auteur ; Li YI, Auteur ; Yanhong WU, Auteur . - p.810-820. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.810-820 Mots-clés : action  autism spectrum disorder  ownership  self  self-referential advantage Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impaired self-processing in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is believed to be closely associated with social-communicative deficits, a core symptom of ASD. In three experiments, we aimed to investigate (a) whether children with ASD exhibited deficient in self-processing, as reflected by their superior memory for self-related items as compared to other-related items, and (b) the role that action played in promoting self-processing in ASD. In Experiment 1, children with ASD, children with intellectual disability (ID), and typically developing children were asked to memorize items on the cards assigned to them or to the experimenter. The results indicated that the TD and ID groups had a self-referential memory advantage, but the ASD group did not. Experiments 2 and 3 examined whether the deficit in self-processing among children with ASDs was ameliorated when participants performed or observed an action to indicate the ownership of the items. We found that when children with ASD performed self-generated actions or observed virtual actions, they displayed a similar self-referential memory advantage as the other two groups. Our findings reveal that action plays an important role in the self-processing in children with ASD, and thereby contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of self-processing deficits in this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 810-820. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research,Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We aimed to study whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibited deficient in self-processing and the role of action in promoting self-processing in ASD. We found that the typically developing and intellectual disability groups had a self-referential memory advantage, but the ASD group did not. However, children with ASD showed a significant self-referential advantage when they performed or observed an action to indicate the ownership of items. These findings highlight the vital role that action plays in cognitively enhancing their self-processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2274 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Autism Spectrum Disorder Prevalence in Children Aged 12-13 Years From the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children / Tamara MAY in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.821-827 Titre : Autism Spectrum Disorder Prevalence in Children Aged 12-13 Years From the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tamara MAY, Auteur ; Amanda BRIGNELL, Auteur ; Katrina WILLIAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.821-827 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  emotional and behavioral problems  epidemiology  longitudinal  prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to provide an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence update from parent and teacher report using the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). The LSAC is a prospective cohort study of Australian children representative of the population with two cohorts: Kinder (birth year 1999/2000) and Birth cohort (birth year 2003/2004). Children in the Birth and Kinder cohort with parent- and teacher-reported ASD prevalence were compared to children without ASD. There were N = 3,381 (66%) responding in the Birth cohort at age 12 and N = 3,089 (62%) for the Kinder cohort at age 16. Quality of life was measured by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and emotional/behavior problems using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Parent-reported ASD prevalence increased to 4.36% [95% CI 3.56-5.19] at age 12-13 years in the Birth cohort and 2.60% [95% CI 2.07-3.31] in the Kinder cohort. Kinder cohort ASD children had more parent- and teacher-reported social problems, and lower parent-reported social and psychosocial quality of life. As expected, parent-reported ASD prevalence continued to rise. The higher prevalence in the Birth cohort may relate to milder cases of ASD being diagnosed. Autism Res 2020, 13: 821-827. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Parent-reported ASD prevalence in 2016 in 12-year-old children from the Birth cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children was 4.4%, and higher than the 2.6% in the earlier born Kinder cohort. The Birth cohort had a milder presentation with fewer social, emotional, and behavioral problems than the Kinder cohort. Milder cases of ASD are being diagnosed in Australia resulting in one of the highest reported prevalence rates in the world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2286 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Autism Spectrum Disorder Prevalence in Children Aged 12-13 Years From the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tamara MAY, Auteur ; Amanda BRIGNELL, Auteur ; Katrina WILLIAMS, Auteur . - p.821-827. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.821-827 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  emotional and behavioral problems  epidemiology  longitudinal  prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to provide an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence update from parent and teacher report using the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). The LSAC is a prospective cohort study of Australian children representative of the population with two cohorts: Kinder (birth year 1999/2000) and Birth cohort (birth year 2003/2004). Children in the Birth and Kinder cohort with parent- and teacher-reported ASD prevalence were compared to children without ASD. There were N = 3,381 (66%) responding in the Birth cohort at age 12 and N = 3,089 (62%) for the Kinder cohort at age 16. Quality of life was measured by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and emotional/behavior problems using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Parent-reported ASD prevalence increased to 4.36% [95% CI 3.56-5.19] at age 12-13 years in the Birth cohort and 2.60% [95% CI 2.07-3.31] in the Kinder cohort. Kinder cohort ASD children had more parent- and teacher-reported social problems, and lower parent-reported social and psychosocial quality of life. As expected, parent-reported ASD prevalence continued to rise. The higher prevalence in the Birth cohort may relate to milder cases of ASD being diagnosed. Autism Res 2020, 13: 821-827. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Parent-reported ASD prevalence in 2016 in 12-year-old children from the Birth cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children was 4.4%, and higher than the 2.6% in the earlier born Kinder cohort. The Birth cohort had a milder presentation with fewer social, emotional, and behavioral problems than the Kinder cohort. Milder cases of ASD are being diagnosed in Australia resulting in one of the highest reported prevalence rates in the world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2286 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Therapeutic Effects of Bilateral Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Prefrontal and Motor Cortical Areas in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Study / Hikmat HADOUSH in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.828-836 Titre : Therapeutic Effects of Bilateral Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Prefrontal and Motor Cortical Areas in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hikmat HADOUSH, Auteur ; Mohammad NAZZAL, Auteur ; Nihad A. ALMASRI, Auteur ; Hanan KHALIL, Auteur ; Maha ALAFEEF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.828-836 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  autism treatment evaluation checklist  mirror neurons  prefrontal cortex  transcranial direct current stimulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Dysfunctional frontal cortical areas associated with clinical features are observed in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study attempted to identify any potential therapeutic effects of bilateral anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the left and right prefrontal and motor areas on the clinical characteristics of children with ASD. Fifty children with confirmed ASD medical diagnoses were divided equally and randomly into a tDCS treatment group and a control group. The tDCS treatment group underwent 10 sessions (20-min durations, five per week) of bilateral anodal tDCS stimulation applied simultaneously over the left and right prefrontal and motor areas, whereas the control group underwent the same procedures but with the use of sham tDCS stimulation. Total scores and sub-scores of autism treatment evaluation checklist (ATEC) (language and communication; sociability; sensory awareness; and behavioral, health, and physical conditions) were measured before and after the tDCS treatment sessions of both groups. There were significant decreases in total ATEC scores (P = 0.014), sociability sub-scores (P = 0.021), and behavioral, health, and physical condition sub-scores (P = 0.011) in the tDCS treatment group. No significant changes were observed in total ATEC scores and sub-scores in the control group. In conclusion, compared to the control group, bilateral anodal tDCS showed potential therapeutic effects on children with ASD in terms of improvements in sociability, behavior, health, and physical conditions with no reported side effects. Autism Res 2020, 13: 828-836. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Dysfunctional frontal cortical areas are associated with clinical features in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is found to be a safe, noninvasive method to stimulate cortical regions and thus have therapeutic effects on children with ASD. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2290 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Therapeutic Effects of Bilateral Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Prefrontal and Motor Cortical Areas in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hikmat HADOUSH, Auteur ; Mohammad NAZZAL, Auteur ; Nihad A. ALMASRI, Auteur ; Hanan KHALIL, Auteur ; Maha ALAFEEF, Auteur . - p.828-836. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.828-836 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  autism treatment evaluation checklist  mirror neurons  prefrontal cortex  transcranial direct current stimulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Dysfunctional frontal cortical areas associated with clinical features are observed in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study attempted to identify any potential therapeutic effects of bilateral anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the left and right prefrontal and motor areas on the clinical characteristics of children with ASD. Fifty children with confirmed ASD medical diagnoses were divided equally and randomly into a tDCS treatment group and a control group. The tDCS treatment group underwent 10 sessions (20-min durations, five per week) of bilateral anodal tDCS stimulation applied simultaneously over the left and right prefrontal and motor areas, whereas the control group underwent the same procedures but with the use of sham tDCS stimulation. Total scores and sub-scores of autism treatment evaluation checklist (ATEC) (language and communication; sociability; sensory awareness; and behavioral, health, and physical conditions) were measured before and after the tDCS treatment sessions of both groups. There were significant decreases in total ATEC scores (P = 0.014), sociability sub-scores (P = 0.021), and behavioral, health, and physical condition sub-scores (P = 0.011) in the tDCS treatment group. No significant changes were observed in total ATEC scores and sub-scores in the control group. In conclusion, compared to the control group, bilateral anodal tDCS showed potential therapeutic effects on children with ASD in terms of improvements in sociability, behavior, health, and physical conditions with no reported side effects. Autism Res 2020, 13: 828-836. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Dysfunctional frontal cortical areas are associated with clinical features in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is found to be a safe, noninvasive method to stimulate cortical regions and thus have therapeutic effects on children with ASD. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2290 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Cancellation of INSAR 2020, Science Sharing, President Elect, 2020 INSAR Awards, INSAR Institute, INSAR 2021 Annual Meeting A note on cancelling the Annual Meeting in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.837-838 Titre : Cancellation of INSAR 2020, Science Sharing, President Elect, 2020 INSAR Awards, INSAR Institute, INSAR 2021 Annual Meeting A note on cancelling the Annual Meeting Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.837-838 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2309 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Cancellation of INSAR 2020, Science Sharing, President Elect, 2020 INSAR Awards, INSAR Institute, INSAR 2021 Annual Meeting A note on cancelling the Annual Meeting [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.837-838. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.837-838 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2309 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422