Dépouillements

To better meet the needs of autistic people, we need to rethink how we measure services / Meghan M BURKE in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.873-875 Titre : To better meet the needs of autistic people, we need to rethink how we measure services Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meghan M BURKE, Auteur ; Julie Lounds TAYLOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.873-875 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613231164495 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] To better meet the needs of autistic people, we need to rethink how we measure services [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meghan M BURKE, Auteur ; Julie Lounds TAYLOR, Auteur . - p.873-875. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.873-875 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613231164495 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

A systematic review examining caregivers' of color experiences with the diagnostic process of autism spectrum disorder / Allison P FISHER in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.876-889 Titre : A systematic review examining caregivers' of color experiences with the diagnostic process of autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Allison P FISHER, Auteur ; James D LYNCH, Auteur ; Farrah M JACQUEZ, Auteur ; Monica J MITCHELL, Auteur ; Kelly I KAMIMURA-NISHIMURA, Auteur ; Shari L WADE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.876-889 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders,diagnosis,environmental factors,policy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There are racial/ethnic disparities in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, including delayed diagnosis, discrimination, and a lack of culturally responsive care. The perspectives of caregivers of color are critical in improving delivery of equitable care. We systematically reviewed articles pertaining to experiences with the diagnostic process among caregivers of color. We entered key terms into five databases to identify literature from 2000 to 2021. Fifteen qualitative studies met inclusion criteria, representing 253 caregivers. We used inductive methods to examine themes across racial and ethnic groups and assessed the quality of included studies. Families of color identified multiple factors that negatively affected the diagnostic process. Systems-level factors included long wait lists and financial concerns. Provider-level factors included minimization of caregiver concerns, a ''wait and see'' approach, biases, and lack of knowledge. Caregivers also described individual (e.g. knowledge) and family factors (e.g. stigma) that delayed diagnosis and complicated the diagnostic process. Communication barriers were commonly reported, which impeded understanding of autism spectrum disorder. Some families described providers, other individuals, community networks, and self-advocacy as facilitators. Interventions targeting systems- (e.g. Medicaid expansion) and provider-level (e.g. increase training in autism spectrum disorder) factors are needed to increase equity in the autism spectrum disorder diagnostic process.Lay abstractChildren of color are diagnosed with autism later than White children. Caregivers of color are also more likely than White caregivers to report that their child?s healthcare providers do not treat them as a partner, spend enough time with them, or respect their culture and values. We wanted to better understand the experiences of caregivers of color with the diagnostic process of autism spectrum disorder, from the time they discuss developmental concerns with their child?s primary care provider to when the diagnosis is shared with them. We systematically reviewed the literature and found 15 articles that explored the experiences of caregivers of color. Caregivers of color described that they faced large-scale barriers, such as the cost of appointments, transportation, and long wait lists. They also reported negative experiences with providers, including providers not taking their concerns seriously, making assumptions about caregivers, and delaying referrals for an evaluation. Caregivers stated that their own lack of knowledge of autism spectrum disorder, stigma, their family?s thoughts and opinions, and cultural differences between providers and caregivers served as barriers during the diagnostic process. Communication challenges were discussed and included use of medical and technical jargon, a lack of follow-up, language barriers, and difficulty obtaining high-quality interpreters. Some families described providers, other individuals, community networks, and self-advocacy as helpful during the diagnostic process. Large-scale changes are needed, such as increases in the number of providers who are trained in diagnosing Autism. Provider-level changes (e.g. implicit bias training) are also important for improving caregivers' experiences. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221128171 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] A systematic review examining caregivers' of color experiences with the diagnostic process of autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Allison P FISHER, Auteur ; James D LYNCH, Auteur ; Farrah M JACQUEZ, Auteur ; Monica J MITCHELL, Auteur ; Kelly I KAMIMURA-NISHIMURA, Auteur ; Shari L WADE, Auteur . - p.876-889. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.876-889 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders,diagnosis,environmental factors,policy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There are racial/ethnic disparities in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, including delayed diagnosis, discrimination, and a lack of culturally responsive care. The perspectives of caregivers of color are critical in improving delivery of equitable care. We systematically reviewed articles pertaining to experiences with the diagnostic process among caregivers of color. We entered key terms into five databases to identify literature from 2000 to 2021. Fifteen qualitative studies met inclusion criteria, representing 253 caregivers. We used inductive methods to examine themes across racial and ethnic groups and assessed the quality of included studies. Families of color identified multiple factors that negatively affected the diagnostic process. Systems-level factors included long wait lists and financial concerns. Provider-level factors included minimization of caregiver concerns, a ''wait and see'' approach, biases, and lack of knowledge. Caregivers also described individual (e.g. knowledge) and family factors (e.g. stigma) that delayed diagnosis and complicated the diagnostic process. Communication barriers were commonly reported, which impeded understanding of autism spectrum disorder. Some families described providers, other individuals, community networks, and self-advocacy as facilitators. Interventions targeting systems- (e.g. Medicaid expansion) and provider-level (e.g. increase training in autism spectrum disorder) factors are needed to increase equity in the autism spectrum disorder diagnostic process.Lay abstractChildren of color are diagnosed with autism later than White children. Caregivers of color are also more likely than White caregivers to report that their child?s healthcare providers do not treat them as a partner, spend enough time with them, or respect their culture and values. We wanted to better understand the experiences of caregivers of color with the diagnostic process of autism spectrum disorder, from the time they discuss developmental concerns with their child?s primary care provider to when the diagnosis is shared with them. We systematically reviewed the literature and found 15 articles that explored the experiences of caregivers of color. Caregivers of color described that they faced large-scale barriers, such as the cost of appointments, transportation, and long wait lists. They also reported negative experiences with providers, including providers not taking their concerns seriously, making assumptions about caregivers, and delaying referrals for an evaluation. Caregivers stated that their own lack of knowledge of autism spectrum disorder, stigma, their family?s thoughts and opinions, and cultural differences between providers and caregivers served as barriers during the diagnostic process. Communication challenges were discussed and included use of medical and technical jargon, a lack of follow-up, language barriers, and difficulty obtaining high-quality interpreters. Some families described providers, other individuals, community networks, and self-advocacy as helpful during the diagnostic process. Large-scale changes are needed, such as increases in the number of providers who are trained in diagnosing Autism. Provider-level changes (e.g. implicit bias training) are also important for improving caregivers' experiences. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221128171 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

An evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth / Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.890-904 Titre : An evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Shannon Crowley LAPOINT, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Sarah MOHIUDDIN, Auteur ; Qun YU, Auteur ; Rachael MCKINNON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.890-904 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adverse events,autism,intervention,risks of bias,systematic review,transition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this systematic evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth, we examined quality indicators in 193 group and single-case design intervention studies, which tested effects on 1258 outcomes. Behaviorally based interventions were the most common intervention type. We found significant threats to internal validity for the majority of studies, including inadequate randomization, unmasked assessors, and too few data points to infer functional relations. The majority of outcomes were measured in contexts similar to the intervention and were conceptualized as behaviors directly addressed by intervention procedures. As such, they are of unclear long-term utility for autistic people entering adulthood. Adverse events were rarely reported. We suggest several avenues for improving intervention research for this age group.Lay abstractIn this study, we assess the quality of intervention research that focuses on autistic youth who are 14-22 years old. We found 193 different studies on this topic, and carefully reviewed them. Most of these studies tested strategies that were behavioral. This means that they used procedures like prompting and rewards to change participants' behavior. We found that the majority of studies had problems that make it hard to determine whether or not the intervention worked. The problems related to how researchers designed their studies, and how they measured the study outcomes. We also found that researchers rarely tried to find out if the strategies they studied had unintended negative effects for participants. Because of these issues, we make suggestions for how researchers might design better studies that will let people know how well the strategies worked. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221128761 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] An evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Shannon Crowley LAPOINT, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Sarah MOHIUDDIN, Auteur ; Qun YU, Auteur ; Rachael MCKINNON, Auteur . - p.890-904. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.890-904 Mots-clés : adverse events,autism,intervention,risks of bias,systematic review,transition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this systematic evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth, we examined quality indicators in 193 group and single-case design intervention studies, which tested effects on 1258 outcomes. Behaviorally based interventions were the most common intervention type. We found significant threats to internal validity for the majority of studies, including inadequate randomization, unmasked assessors, and too few data points to infer functional relations. The majority of outcomes were measured in contexts similar to the intervention and were conceptualized as behaviors directly addressed by intervention procedures. As such, they are of unclear long-term utility for autistic people entering adulthood. Adverse events were rarely reported. We suggest several avenues for improving intervention research for this age group.Lay abstractIn this study, we assess the quality of intervention research that focuses on autistic youth who are 14-22 years old. We found 193 different studies on this topic, and carefully reviewed them. Most of these studies tested strategies that were behavioral. This means that they used procedures like prompting and rewards to change participants' behavior. We found that the majority of studies had problems that make it hard to determine whether or not the intervention worked. The problems related to how researchers designed their studies, and how they measured the study outcomes. We also found that researchers rarely tried to find out if the strategies they studied had unintended negative effects for participants. Because of these issues, we make suggestions for how researchers might design better studies that will let people know how well the strategies worked. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221128761 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

'Instruments are good at eliciting information; scores are very dangerous': The perspectives of clinical professionals regarding neurodevelopmental assessment / Barry COUGHLAN in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.905-915 Titre : 'Instruments are good at eliciting information; scores are very dangerous': The perspectives of clinical professionals regarding neurodevelopmental assessment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Barry COUGHLAN, Auteur ; Matt WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Emma Jl WEISBLATT, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.905-915 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,autism,clinical reasoning,qualitative,decision-making,diagnostic upgrading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical judgement is a crucial part of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessments. This study aims to harness insights from psychology and sociology to explore clinical perspectives and assessment practices of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Qualitative interviews were conducted with health care professionals (n=17). Interviews were conducted between January and May 2019. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. Themes were sorted into two interrelated categories (1) approaches to diagnosis (2) elements of diagnosis. Approaches to diagnosis were comprised of the following subthemes: nature of diagnosis, application of diagnosis: natural and pragmatic, revisiting conceptualisations: sub-optimal practice & unhelpful diagnoses, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Elements of diagnosis contained three related subthemes: contextualising standardised assessments, triangulating material, organisational factors. There is sometimes a pragmatic as well as nosological dimension to diagnosis. Competing desires for consistency and utility add further complexity to neurodevelopmental assessment.Lay abstractAutism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are common behaviourally diagnosed conditions. One of the key aspects of diagnosis is clinical judgement. Yet despite decades of research, it is only in recent times that researchers have started exploring clinicians' perspectives on diagnosing these conditions. We aimed to add to this body of knowledge by conducting interviews with 17 experienced health care professionals in the United Kingdom to hear their perspectives on diagnosing autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clinicians reflected that for some children and young people, diagnosis is reasonably straightforward; however, in other situations, decisions are made on more pragmatic grounds (i.e. will this be helpful). We identified some differences of opinion between professionals and organisation which adds to the complexity of applying a diagnosis. We recommend several areas for future research and point to some practical and philosophical implications of the work. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121413 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] 'Instruments are good at eliciting information; scores are very dangerous': The perspectives of clinical professionals regarding neurodevelopmental assessment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Barry COUGHLAN, Auteur ; Matt WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Emma Jl WEISBLATT, Auteur ; Robbie DUSCHINSKY, Auteur . - p.905-915. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.905-915 Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,autism,clinical reasoning,qualitative,decision-making,diagnostic upgrading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical judgement is a crucial part of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessments. This study aims to harness insights from psychology and sociology to explore clinical perspectives and assessment practices of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Qualitative interviews were conducted with health care professionals (n=17). Interviews were conducted between January and May 2019. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. Themes were sorted into two interrelated categories (1) approaches to diagnosis (2) elements of diagnosis. Approaches to diagnosis were comprised of the following subthemes: nature of diagnosis, application of diagnosis: natural and pragmatic, revisiting conceptualisations: sub-optimal practice & unhelpful diagnoses, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Elements of diagnosis contained three related subthemes: contextualising standardised assessments, triangulating material, organisational factors. There is sometimes a pragmatic as well as nosological dimension to diagnosis. Competing desires for consistency and utility add further complexity to neurodevelopmental assessment.Lay abstractAutism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are common behaviourally diagnosed conditions. One of the key aspects of diagnosis is clinical judgement. Yet despite decades of research, it is only in recent times that researchers have started exploring clinicians' perspectives on diagnosing these conditions. We aimed to add to this body of knowledge by conducting interviews with 17 experienced health care professionals in the United Kingdom to hear their perspectives on diagnosing autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clinicians reflected that for some children and young people, diagnosis is reasonably straightforward; however, in other situations, decisions are made on more pragmatic grounds (i.e. will this be helpful). We identified some differences of opinion between professionals and organisation which adds to the complexity of applying a diagnosis. We recommend several areas for future research and point to some practical and philosophical implications of the work. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121413 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Maternal obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma during pregnancy and likelihood of autism spectrum disorder with gastrointestinal disturbances in offspring / Sarah A CARTER in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.916-926 Titre : Maternal obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma during pregnancy and likelihood of autism spectrum disorder with gastrointestinal disturbances in offspring Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah A CARTER, Auteur ; Jane C LIN, Auteur ; Ting CHOW, Auteur ; Xin YU, Auteur ; Md Mostafijur RAHMAN, Auteur ; Mayra P MARTINEZ, Auteur ; Klara FELDMAN, Auteur ; Sandrah P ECKEL, Auteur ; Jiu-Chiuan CHEN, Auteur ; Zhanghua CHEN, Auteur ; Pat LEVITT, Auteur ; Frederick W LURMANN, Auteur ; Rob MCCONNELL, Auteur ; Anny H XIANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.916-926 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD,autism,gastrointestinal disorders,GIDs,maternal asthma,maternal diabetes,maternal obesity,preeclampsia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal disturbances (GIDs) are relatively common in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study assessed associations between maternal obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma and likelihood of ASD with GIDs. This retrospective cohort study included 308,536 mother-child pairs of singletons born between 2001 and 2014 in a single integrated health care system. Social demographics, maternal health conditions during pregnancy, and child?s ASD and/or GID diagnosis by age 5 were extracted from electronic medical records. Child?s outcome was classified as: no ASD no GIDs; no ASD with GIDs; ASD no GIDs; and ASD with GIDs. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of child?s outcomes associated with maternal exposures, adjusting for covariates. Compared to children with neither disorder, each maternal condition was associated with higher odds of no ASD with GIDs, ASD no GIDs, and ASD with GIDs. Association was greatest for likelihood of ASD with GIDs (Maternal obesity odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.37 (1.22-1.54); Diabetes: 1.50 (1.28-1.76); Preeclampsia: 1.63 (1.36-1.95); Asthma: 1.39 (1.17-1.67); relative to no ASD no GIDs). Associations were robust to mutual adjustment for all maternal exposures. Maternal obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma exposure during pregnancy may increase likelihood of both GIDs and ASD with or without co-occurring GIDs in offspring. This association was greatest in children diagnosed with ASD with co-occurring GIDs.Lay abstractAutism spectrum disorder is heterogeneous and often accompanied by co-occurring conditions. Previous studies have shown that maternal health conditions during pregnancy including obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma were associated with increased likelihood of autism. However, little has been done examining the likelihood associated with autism with co-occurring conditions. This study assessed these maternal health conditions in relationship to autism and gastrointestinal disturbances, a common co-occurring condition in children diagnosed with autism. Data included 308,536 mother-child pairs from one integrated health care system with comprehensive electronic medical records. Among the study cohort, 5,131 (1.7%) children had a diagnosis of autism by age 5. Gastrointestinal disturbances were present in 35.4% of children diagnosed with autism and 25.1% of children without autism diagnoses. Our results showed that each of the four maternal health conditions during pregnancy was associated with increased likelihood of gastrointestinal disturbances, autism without gastrointestinal disturbances, and autism with gastrointestinal disturbances. For all four maternal health conditions, the association was greatest for likelihood of autism with gastrointestinal disturbances. Given that children diagnosed with autism are more likely to have gastrointestinal disturbances and over 80% of gastrointestinal disturbances in this cohort were diagnosed prior to autism diagnosis, this study suggests that there may be common biological pathways between autism and gastrointestinal disturbances impacted by these maternal exposures. Future studies are warranted to assess associations between different exposures and autism with other co-occurring conditions to increase our understanding of autism heterogeneity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221118430 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Maternal obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma during pregnancy and likelihood of autism spectrum disorder with gastrointestinal disturbances in offspring [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah A CARTER, Auteur ; Jane C LIN, Auteur ; Ting CHOW, Auteur ; Xin YU, Auteur ; Md Mostafijur RAHMAN, Auteur ; Mayra P MARTINEZ, Auteur ; Klara FELDMAN, Auteur ; Sandrah P ECKEL, Auteur ; Jiu-Chiuan CHEN, Auteur ; Zhanghua CHEN, Auteur ; Pat LEVITT, Auteur ; Frederick W LURMANN, Auteur ; Rob MCCONNELL, Auteur ; Anny H XIANG, Auteur . - p.916-926. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.916-926 Mots-clés : ASD,autism,gastrointestinal disorders,GIDs,maternal asthma,maternal diabetes,maternal obesity,preeclampsia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal disturbances (GIDs) are relatively common in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study assessed associations between maternal obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma and likelihood of ASD with GIDs. This retrospective cohort study included 308,536 mother-child pairs of singletons born between 2001 and 2014 in a single integrated health care system. Social demographics, maternal health conditions during pregnancy, and child?s ASD and/or GID diagnosis by age 5 were extracted from electronic medical records. Child?s outcome was classified as: no ASD no GIDs; no ASD with GIDs; ASD no GIDs; and ASD with GIDs. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of child?s outcomes associated with maternal exposures, adjusting for covariates. Compared to children with neither disorder, each maternal condition was associated with higher odds of no ASD with GIDs, ASD no GIDs, and ASD with GIDs. Association was greatest for likelihood of ASD with GIDs (Maternal obesity odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.37 (1.22-1.54); Diabetes: 1.50 (1.28-1.76); Preeclampsia: 1.63 (1.36-1.95); Asthma: 1.39 (1.17-1.67); relative to no ASD no GIDs). Associations were robust to mutual adjustment for all maternal exposures. Maternal obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma exposure during pregnancy may increase likelihood of both GIDs and ASD with or without co-occurring GIDs in offspring. This association was greatest in children diagnosed with ASD with co-occurring GIDs.Lay abstractAutism spectrum disorder is heterogeneous and often accompanied by co-occurring conditions. Previous studies have shown that maternal health conditions during pregnancy including obesity, diabetes, preeclampsia, and asthma were associated with increased likelihood of autism. However, little has been done examining the likelihood associated with autism with co-occurring conditions. This study assessed these maternal health conditions in relationship to autism and gastrointestinal disturbances, a common co-occurring condition in children diagnosed with autism. Data included 308,536 mother-child pairs from one integrated health care system with comprehensive electronic medical records. Among the study cohort, 5,131 (1.7%) children had a diagnosis of autism by age 5. Gastrointestinal disturbances were present in 35.4% of children diagnosed with autism and 25.1% of children without autism diagnoses. Our results showed that each of the four maternal health conditions during pregnancy was associated with increased likelihood of gastrointestinal disturbances, autism without gastrointestinal disturbances, and autism with gastrointestinal disturbances. For all four maternal health conditions, the association was greatest for likelihood of autism with gastrointestinal disturbances. Given that children diagnosed with autism are more likely to have gastrointestinal disturbances and over 80% of gastrointestinal disturbances in this cohort were diagnosed prior to autism diagnosis, this study suggests that there may be common biological pathways between autism and gastrointestinal disturbances impacted by these maternal exposures. Future studies are warranted to assess associations between different exposures and autism with other co-occurring conditions to increase our understanding of autism heterogeneity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221118430 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

No differences between adults with and without autism in audiovisual synchrony perception / Ricarda F WEILAND in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.927-937 Titre : No differences between adults with and without autism in audiovisual synchrony perception Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ricarda F WEILAND, Auteur ; Tinca JC POLDERMAN, Auteur ; Dirk Ja SMIT, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Erik VAN DER BURG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.927-937 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,multisensory,predictive processing,rapid temporal recalibration,temporal binding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To facilitate multisensory processing, the brain binds multisensory information when presented within a certain maximum time lag (temporal binding window). In addition, and in audiovisual perception specifically, the brain adapts rapidly to asynchronies within a single trial and shifts the point of subjective simultaneity. Both processes, temporal binding and rapid recalibration, have been found to be altered in individuals with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. Here, we used a large adult sample (autism spectrum disorder: n=75, no autism spectrum disorder: n=85) to replicate these earlier findings. In this study, audiovisual stimuli were presented in a random order across a range of stimulus onset asynchronies, and participants indicated whether they were perceived simultaneously. Based on the synchrony distribution, their individual temporal binding window and point of subjective simultaneity were calculated. Contrary to previous findings, we found that the temporal binding window was not significantly different between both groups. Rapid recalibration was observed for both groups but did not differ significantly between groups. Evidence of an age effect was found which might explain discrepancies to previous studies. In addition, neither temporal binding window nor rapid recalibration was correlated with self-reported autistic symptoms or sensory sensitivity.Lay abstractIt has been known for a long time that individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder perceive the world differently. In this study, we investigated how people with or without autism perceive visual and auditory information. We know that an auditory and a visual stimulus do not have to be perfectly synchronous for us to perceive them as synchronous: first, when the two are within a certain time window (temporal binding window), the brain will tell us that they are synchronous. Second, the brain can also adapt quickly to audiovisual asynchronies (rapid recalibration). Although previous studies have shown that people with autism spectrum disorder have different temporal binding windows, and less rapid recalibration, we did not find these differences in our study. However, we did find that both processes develop over age, and since previous studies tested only young people (children, adolescents, and young adults), and we tested adults from 18 to 55?years, this might explain the different findings. In the end, there might be quite a complex story, where people with and without autism spectrum disorder perceive the world differently, even dependent on how old they are. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121414 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] No differences between adults with and without autism in audiovisual synchrony perception [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ricarda F WEILAND, Auteur ; Tinca JC POLDERMAN, Auteur ; Dirk Ja SMIT, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Erik VAN DER BURG, Auteur . - p.927-937. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.927-937 Mots-clés : autism,multisensory,predictive processing,rapid temporal recalibration,temporal binding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To facilitate multisensory processing, the brain binds multisensory information when presented within a certain maximum time lag (temporal binding window). In addition, and in audiovisual perception specifically, the brain adapts rapidly to asynchronies within a single trial and shifts the point of subjective simultaneity. Both processes, temporal binding and rapid recalibration, have been found to be altered in individuals with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. Here, we used a large adult sample (autism spectrum disorder: n=75, no autism spectrum disorder: n=85) to replicate these earlier findings. In this study, audiovisual stimuli were presented in a random order across a range of stimulus onset asynchronies, and participants indicated whether they were perceived simultaneously. Based on the synchrony distribution, their individual temporal binding window and point of subjective simultaneity were calculated. Contrary to previous findings, we found that the temporal binding window was not significantly different between both groups. Rapid recalibration was observed for both groups but did not differ significantly between groups. Evidence of an age effect was found which might explain discrepancies to previous studies. In addition, neither temporal binding window nor rapid recalibration was correlated with self-reported autistic symptoms or sensory sensitivity.Lay abstractIt has been known for a long time that individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder perceive the world differently. In this study, we investigated how people with or without autism perceive visual and auditory information. We know that an auditory and a visual stimulus do not have to be perfectly synchronous for us to perceive them as synchronous: first, when the two are within a certain time window (temporal binding window), the brain will tell us that they are synchronous. Second, the brain can also adapt quickly to audiovisual asynchronies (rapid recalibration). Although previous studies have shown that people with autism spectrum disorder have different temporal binding windows, and less rapid recalibration, we did not find these differences in our study. However, we did find that both processes develop over age, and since previous studies tested only young people (children, adolescents, and young adults), and we tested adults from 18 to 55?years, this might explain the different findings. In the end, there might be quite a complex story, where people with and without autism spectrum disorder perceive the world differently, even dependent on how old they are. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121414 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Insistence on sameness for food space appropriation: An exploratory study on Brazilians with autism (self-)diagnosis in adulthood / JungJa PARK-CARDOSO in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.938-951 Titre : Insistence on sameness for food space appropriation: An exploratory study on Brazilians with autism (self-)diagnosis in adulthood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : JungJa PARK-CARDOSO, Auteur ; Ana Paula Soares da SILVA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.938-951 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : appropriation of space,authenticity,autistic adults,food environments,insistence on sameness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Insistence on Sameness has been pathologized as a subtype of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, in autism. We examined the meanings of Insistence on Sameness for autistic adults through the lens of critical autism studies and environmental psychology, exploring their foodways and experiences of food environments, in relation to eating out and grocery shopping, and their experiences of autism (self-)diagnosis. Data were collected from earlier individual email interviews with Brazilian adults on the autism spectrum (N=16), either formally diagnosed in adulthood (n=10) or self-diagnosed (n=6). Our thematic analysis generated the following three themes: (1) Insistence on Sameness behaviors in food space as participants' efforts for human-environment optimization-reducing uncertainty, uncontrollability, and exposure to unwanted sensory stimuli and social interaction; (2) suppressed Insistence on Sameness behaviors for being considered weird habits; and (3) realization of Insistence on Sameness as an authentically autistic way of coping when self-knowledge deepens through autism (self-)diagnosis. Our findings suggest autistic adults' insistence on sameness is an authentically autistic way to appropriate space and exercise their right to comfortably co-exist and live as human beings and as themselves.Lay abstractInsistence on sameness is common in autistic individuals and continues into adulthood. Research shows it may be a way to cope with environments because of their sensory sensitivity, intolerance to uncertainty, and anxiety. Understanding the reasons for insistence on sameness from the perspective of autistic adults is important. To study the meanings of insistence on sameness for autistic adults, we interviewed 16 Brazilian autistic adults. All 10 formally diagnosed participants were diagnosed in adulthood. Six participants identified as being on the autism spectrum without formal diagnosis. During the interviews by email, we first asked about participants' experiences with autism diagnosis, either formal diagnosis or self-diagnosis. Then, we asked about their experiences in places for eating out and grocery shopping. We found they tended to always go to the same places and use protective accessories to eat or shop comfortably. But their such behaviors were considered weird habits, first by other people and later by themselves. While trying to control their weird habits because of social pressure, they often suffered anxiety and meltdowns. When they finally learned of their autism in adulthood, they began to better understand who they are and why they experience the environment differently from others. This new understanding taught them that their so-called weird habits are actually part of their authentically autistic ways to cope with the weirder world. This study suggests that autistic adults' insistence on sameness is an authentically autistic way to exercise their right to comfortably co-exist and live as human beings and as themselves. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121417 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Insistence on sameness for food space appropriation: An exploratory study on Brazilians with autism (self-)diagnosis in adulthood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / JungJa PARK-CARDOSO, Auteur ; Ana Paula Soares da SILVA, Auteur . - p.938-951. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.938-951 Mots-clés : appropriation of space,authenticity,autistic adults,food environments,insistence on sameness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Insistence on Sameness has been pathologized as a subtype of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, in autism. We examined the meanings of Insistence on Sameness for autistic adults through the lens of critical autism studies and environmental psychology, exploring their foodways and experiences of food environments, in relation to eating out and grocery shopping, and their experiences of autism (self-)diagnosis. Data were collected from earlier individual email interviews with Brazilian adults on the autism spectrum (N=16), either formally diagnosed in adulthood (n=10) or self-diagnosed (n=6). Our thematic analysis generated the following three themes: (1) Insistence on Sameness behaviors in food space as participants' efforts for human-environment optimization-reducing uncertainty, uncontrollability, and exposure to unwanted sensory stimuli and social interaction; (2) suppressed Insistence on Sameness behaviors for being considered weird habits; and (3) realization of Insistence on Sameness as an authentically autistic way of coping when self-knowledge deepens through autism (self-)diagnosis. Our findings suggest autistic adults' insistence on sameness is an authentically autistic way to appropriate space and exercise their right to comfortably co-exist and live as human beings and as themselves.Lay abstractInsistence on sameness is common in autistic individuals and continues into adulthood. Research shows it may be a way to cope with environments because of their sensory sensitivity, intolerance to uncertainty, and anxiety. Understanding the reasons for insistence on sameness from the perspective of autistic adults is important. To study the meanings of insistence on sameness for autistic adults, we interviewed 16 Brazilian autistic adults. All 10 formally diagnosed participants were diagnosed in adulthood. Six participants identified as being on the autism spectrum without formal diagnosis. During the interviews by email, we first asked about participants' experiences with autism diagnosis, either formal diagnosis or self-diagnosis. Then, we asked about their experiences in places for eating out and grocery shopping. We found they tended to always go to the same places and use protective accessories to eat or shop comfortably. But their such behaviors were considered weird habits, first by other people and later by themselves. While trying to control their weird habits because of social pressure, they often suffered anxiety and meltdowns. When they finally learned of their autism in adulthood, they began to better understand who they are and why they experience the environment differently from others. This new understanding taught them that their so-called weird habits are actually part of their authentically autistic ways to cope with the weirder world. This study suggests that autistic adults' insistence on sameness is an authentically autistic way to exercise their right to comfortably co-exist and live as human beings and as themselves. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121417 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Concomitant medication use in children with autism spectrum disorder: Data from the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials / Logan SHURTZ in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.952-966 Titre : Concomitant medication use in children with autism spectrum disorder: Data from the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Logan SHURTZ, Auteur ; Chloe SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Charlotte DISTEFANO, Auteur ; James C MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; April R LEVIN, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; Natalia M KLEINHANS, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Sara J WEBB, Auteur ; Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Adam J NAPLES, Auteur ; Helen SEOW, Auteur ; Raphael A BERNIER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Catherine A SUGAR, Auteur ; James DZIURA, Auteur ; Damla SENTURK, Auteur ; Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.952-966 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : aberrant behavior checklist,antipsychotics,autism spectrum disorders,clinical trials,medications,Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder are prescribed various medications to address behavior and mood. In clinical trials, individuals taking concomitant psychotropic medications often are excluded to maintain homogeneity and prevent contamination of clinical endpoints. However, this choice may compromise the representativeness of the sample. In a recent study designed to identify biomarkers and endpoints for clinical trials (the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials), school-age children with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled without excluding for medications, providing the opportunity to examine characteristics of psychotropic medication use and guide future decisions on medication-related inclusion criteria. The aims of the current analysis were (1) to quantify the frequency and type of psychotropic medications reported in school-age children enrolled in the study and (2) to examine behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder based on medication classes. Of the 280 children with autism spectrum disorder in the cohort, 42.5% were taking psychotropic medications, with polypharmacy in half. The most commonly reported psychotropic medications included melatonin, stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alpha agonists, and antipsychotics. Our findings suggest that exclusion of children taking concomitant psychotropic medications could limit the representativeness of the study population, perhaps even excluding children who may most benefit from new treatment options.Lay abstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder are prescribed a variety of medications that affect the central nervous system (psychotropic medications) to address behavior and mood. In clinical trials, individuals taking concomitant psychotropic medications often are excluded to maintain homogeneity of the sample and prevent contamination of biomarkers or clinical endpoints. However, this choice may significantly diminish the clinical representativeness of the sample. In a recent multisite study designed to identify biomarkers and behavioral endpoints for clinical trials (the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials), school-age children with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled without excluding for medications, thus providing a unique opportunity to examine characteristics of psychotropic medication use in a research cohort and to guide future decisions on medication-related inclusion criteria. The aims of the current analysis were (1) to quantify the frequency and type of psychotropic medications reported in school-age children enrolled in the ABC-CT and (2) to examine behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder based on medication classes. Of the 280 children with autism spectrum disorder in the cohort, 42.5% were taking psychotropic medications, with polypharmacy in half of these children. The most commonly reported psychotropic medications included melatonin, stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alpha agonists, and antipsychotics. Descriptive analysis showed that children taking antipsychotics displayed a trend toward greater overall impairment. Our findings suggest that exclusion of children taking concomitant psychotropic medications in trials could limit the clinical representativeness of the study population, perhaps even excluding children who may most benefit from new treatment options. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121425 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Concomitant medication use in children with autism spectrum disorder: Data from the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Logan SHURTZ, Auteur ; Chloe SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Charlotte DISTEFANO, Auteur ; James C MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; April R LEVIN, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; Natalia M KLEINHANS, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Sara J WEBB, Auteur ; Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Adam J NAPLES, Auteur ; Helen SEOW, Auteur ; Raphael A BERNIER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Catherine A SUGAR, Auteur ; James DZIURA, Auteur ; Damla SENTURK, Auteur ; Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur . - p.952-966. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.952-966 Mots-clés : aberrant behavior checklist,antipsychotics,autism spectrum disorders,clinical trials,medications,Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder are prescribed various medications to address behavior and mood. In clinical trials, individuals taking concomitant psychotropic medications often are excluded to maintain homogeneity and prevent contamination of clinical endpoints. However, this choice may compromise the representativeness of the sample. In a recent study designed to identify biomarkers and endpoints for clinical trials (the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials), school-age children with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled without excluding for medications, providing the opportunity to examine characteristics of psychotropic medication use and guide future decisions on medication-related inclusion criteria. The aims of the current analysis were (1) to quantify the frequency and type of psychotropic medications reported in school-age children enrolled in the study and (2) to examine behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder based on medication classes. Of the 280 children with autism spectrum disorder in the cohort, 42.5% were taking psychotropic medications, with polypharmacy in half. The most commonly reported psychotropic medications included melatonin, stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alpha agonists, and antipsychotics. Our findings suggest that exclusion of children taking concomitant psychotropic medications could limit the representativeness of the study population, perhaps even excluding children who may most benefit from new treatment options.Lay abstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder are prescribed a variety of medications that affect the central nervous system (psychotropic medications) to address behavior and mood. In clinical trials, individuals taking concomitant psychotropic medications often are excluded to maintain homogeneity of the sample and prevent contamination of biomarkers or clinical endpoints. However, this choice may significantly diminish the clinical representativeness of the sample. In a recent multisite study designed to identify biomarkers and behavioral endpoints for clinical trials (the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials), school-age children with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled without excluding for medications, thus providing a unique opportunity to examine characteristics of psychotropic medication use in a research cohort and to guide future decisions on medication-related inclusion criteria. The aims of the current analysis were (1) to quantify the frequency and type of psychotropic medications reported in school-age children enrolled in the ABC-CT and (2) to examine behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder based on medication classes. Of the 280 children with autism spectrum disorder in the cohort, 42.5% were taking psychotropic medications, with polypharmacy in half of these children. The most commonly reported psychotropic medications included melatonin, stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alpha agonists, and antipsychotics. Descriptive analysis showed that children taking antipsychotics displayed a trend toward greater overall impairment. Our findings suggest that exclusion of children taking concomitant psychotropic medications in trials could limit the clinical representativeness of the study population, perhaps even excluding children who may most benefit from new treatment options. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121425 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Describing (pre)linguistic oral productions in 3- to 5-year-old autistic children: A cluster analysis / Pauline MAES in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.967-982 Titre : Describing (pre)linguistic oral productions in 3- to 5-year-old autistic children: A cluster analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Pauline MAES, Auteur ; Marielle WEYLAND, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.967-982 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder,cluster analysis,expressive language,minimally speaking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In many autistic children, speech onset is delayed and expressive language emerges after 3 years of age. We qualitatively and quantitatively describe oral productions of autistic preschoolers, including many non- or minimally speaking, recorded during interactions with a caregiver and with an experimenter. Data clustering on manually coded oral production samples indicates five validated linguistic profiles of oral production in this diverse and inclusive sample (n=59) of 3- to 5-year-old autistic children with highly variable expressive language abilities. These profiles are then compared on a series of demographic (age, socioeconomic status) and psychometric (autism severity, nonverbal and verbal IQ) measures, as well as on additional measures of language (expressive vocabulary, phonetic inventories). Two clusters are composed of speaking autistic children, while the three others comprise non- or minimally speaking children with qualitatively different patterns of vocal productions. The five-profile division suggests that traditional binary division of speaking vs nonspeaking children does not do justice to the complexity of early expressive language in autism.Lay abstractFor most autistic children, spoken language emergence and development happen after the age of 3. Once they start developing and using spoken language, some eventually manage to reach typical levels of language abilities, while others remain minimally speaking into adulthood. It is therefore difficult to consider young autistic preschoolers as a homogeneous group in terms of spoken language levels. In our study, we breakdown a representative and inclusive group of children on the spectrum aged from 3 to 5 into five subgroups that correspond to different linguistic profiles. To do so, we qualitatively described children?s (pre)verbal productions elicited during interactions with a parent and with an experimenter. We then used a type of statistical analysis called cluster analysis to group together the children that had a similar expressive (pre)linguistic behavior. Using this analysis, we were able to delineate five linguistic profiles with qualitatively different patterns of vocal production. Two of these profiles are composed of speaking children; the three others are composed of non- or minimally speaking children. Our findings show that traditional binary division of speaking versus nonspeaking autistic children is not precise enough to describe the heterogeneity of early spoken language in young autistic children. They also support the use of qualitative descriptions of vocal productions and speech to accurately document children?s level of language, which could, in turn, help design very finely tailored language intervention specific to each child. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221122663 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Describing (pre)linguistic oral productions in 3- to 5-year-old autistic children: A cluster analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Pauline MAES, Auteur ; Marielle WEYLAND, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur . - p.967-982. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.967-982 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder,cluster analysis,expressive language,minimally speaking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In many autistic children, speech onset is delayed and expressive language emerges after 3 years of age. We qualitatively and quantitatively describe oral productions of autistic preschoolers, including many non- or minimally speaking, recorded during interactions with a caregiver and with an experimenter. Data clustering on manually coded oral production samples indicates five validated linguistic profiles of oral production in this diverse and inclusive sample (n=59) of 3- to 5-year-old autistic children with highly variable expressive language abilities. These profiles are then compared on a series of demographic (age, socioeconomic status) and psychometric (autism severity, nonverbal and verbal IQ) measures, as well as on additional measures of language (expressive vocabulary, phonetic inventories). Two clusters are composed of speaking autistic children, while the three others comprise non- or minimally speaking children with qualitatively different patterns of vocal productions. The five-profile division suggests that traditional binary division of speaking vs nonspeaking children does not do justice to the complexity of early expressive language in autism.Lay abstractFor most autistic children, spoken language emergence and development happen after the age of 3. Once they start developing and using spoken language, some eventually manage to reach typical levels of language abilities, while others remain minimally speaking into adulthood. It is therefore difficult to consider young autistic preschoolers as a homogeneous group in terms of spoken language levels. In our study, we breakdown a representative and inclusive group of children on the spectrum aged from 3 to 5 into five subgroups that correspond to different linguistic profiles. To do so, we qualitatively described children?s (pre)verbal productions elicited during interactions with a parent and with an experimenter. We then used a type of statistical analysis called cluster analysis to group together the children that had a similar expressive (pre)linguistic behavior. Using this analysis, we were able to delineate five linguistic profiles with qualitatively different patterns of vocal production. Two of these profiles are composed of speaking children; the three others are composed of non- or minimally speaking children. Our findings show that traditional binary division of speaking versus nonspeaking autistic children is not precise enough to describe the heterogeneity of early spoken language in young autistic children. They also support the use of qualitative descriptions of vocal productions and speech to accurately document children?s level of language, which could, in turn, help design very finely tailored language intervention specific to each child. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221122663 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Parents' perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 and school transition on autistic children?s friendships / Laura FOX in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.983-996 Titre : Parents' perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 and school transition on autistic children?s friendships Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura FOX, Auteur ; Kathryn ASBURY, Auteur ; Aimee CODE, Auteur ; Umar TOSEEB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.983-996 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,friendships,qualitative research,reflexive thematic analysis,school transition,special education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Friendships play a key role in supporting a successful transition to a new school for autistic children and young people. However, little is known about how these relationships have been impacted by restrictions put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore how parents perceived the impact of COVID-19 on their autistic child?s friendships during transition to a new school. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 14 parents of autistic children in the United Kingdom. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Parents discussed a variety of experiences, which differed between and within school types and age groups. Several factors influenced children?s friendships during transition including support from their new school and others' understanding of their needs. Parents described the differing expectations of what friendship was and how that affected their children?s existing and new relationships. For some, COVID-19 negatively impacted on friendships by reducing contact with existing and new friends. Others experienced positive or neutral experiences due to lockdown restrictions. This study highlights the diversity of needs among autistic children and calls for a personalised approach to transition support beyond the pandemic as one way of supporting autistic children to develop positive peer relationships.Lay abstractResearch shows that moving schools can be a challenging time for autistic children and young people. One factor that has been found to support successful transition is friendships. However, there is little research exploring how transition between schools affects autistic children?s friendships, and even less on how children?s relationships during transition have been impacted by COVID-19. Fourteen parents of autistic children and young people were interviewed about their child?s move to a new school and the impact they felt this had on their friendships. Parents described how moving with existing friends helped some children to find the transition less challenging. Others had differing experiences, with their children?s friendships playing a much smaller role in the move. Differences were also seen with regard to the impact of COVID-19, with some parents speaking of how hard being away from friends was for their child, while others found the social restrictions a welcome break from interacting with peers. The study highlights how different the experiences of autistic individuals, and their parents, can be and the importance of a child-centred approach to transition support. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221123734 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Parents' perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 and school transition on autistic children?s friendships [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura FOX, Auteur ; Kathryn ASBURY, Auteur ; Aimee CODE, Auteur ; Umar TOSEEB, Auteur . - p.983-996. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.983-996 Mots-clés : autism,friendships,qualitative research,reflexive thematic analysis,school transition,special education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Friendships play a key role in supporting a successful transition to a new school for autistic children and young people. However, little is known about how these relationships have been impacted by restrictions put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore how parents perceived the impact of COVID-19 on their autistic child?s friendships during transition to a new school. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 14 parents of autistic children in the United Kingdom. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Parents discussed a variety of experiences, which differed between and within school types and age groups. Several factors influenced children?s friendships during transition including support from their new school and others' understanding of their needs. Parents described the differing expectations of what friendship was and how that affected their children?s existing and new relationships. For some, COVID-19 negatively impacted on friendships by reducing contact with existing and new friends. Others experienced positive or neutral experiences due to lockdown restrictions. This study highlights the diversity of needs among autistic children and calls for a personalised approach to transition support beyond the pandemic as one way of supporting autistic children to develop positive peer relationships.Lay abstractResearch shows that moving schools can be a challenging time for autistic children and young people. One factor that has been found to support successful transition is friendships. However, there is little research exploring how transition between schools affects autistic children?s friendships, and even less on how children?s relationships during transition have been impacted by COVID-19. Fourteen parents of autistic children and young people were interviewed about their child?s move to a new school and the impact they felt this had on their friendships. Parents described how moving with existing friends helped some children to find the transition less challenging. Others had differing experiences, with their children?s friendships playing a much smaller role in the move. Differences were also seen with regard to the impact of COVID-19, with some parents speaking of how hard being away from friends was for their child, while others found the social restrictions a welcome break from interacting with peers. The study highlights how different the experiences of autistic individuals, and their parents, can be and the importance of a child-centred approach to transition support. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221123734 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

A cross-cultural comparison of a measure of parent perceptions among families of children with autism in Vietnam / Dieu M TRUONG in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.997-1010 Titre : A cross-cultural comparison of a measure of parent perceptions among families of children with autism in Vietnam Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dieu M TRUONG, Auteur ; Sarah S MIRE, Auteur ; Susan X DAY, Auteur ; Lan NI, Auteur ; Milena KELLER-MARGULIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.997-1010 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,cross-cultural comparison,parent perceptions,Vietnam Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most current autism research focuses on Western countries, where service availability and cultural experiences differ from those of individuals living in Asian countries, where collectivistic cultural values prevail and understanding of autism is emerging. By gathering data from Vietnamese parents of autistic children (N=339), the current measurement study examined measure variance and invariance between the English version of the Illness Perception Questionnaire- Revised for Autism Spectrum Disorder (IPQ-R-ASD) and a Vietnamese translation of it, at the item, scalar, and factor levels. Results indicated measurement variance for only three of 37 items and highlighted different perceptions of autism between Vietnamese and North American parents, based on responses to the IPQ-R-ASD. Responses indicated that Vietnamese parents may have a different interpretation of the questions. Seven factors emerged on both the Vietnamese and English instruments, but items loaded differently, and a distinct factor emerged on the Vietnamese version. In sum, the current findings suggest that the IPQ-R-ASD can be useful for better understanding Vietnamese parents' perceptions of their children?s autism, but the interpretation is somewhat different than on the English version, highlighting the importance of cross-cultural considerations in the study of autism in Western versus Eastern cultures.Lay abstractRaising an autistic child can affect many aspects of families' lives. Parents are responsible for many decisions, from initiating evaluation to selecting and implementing treatments. How parents conceptualize the course and nature of their child?s diagnosis influences these processes and parents' own well-being. Parents' perceptions about their children?s autism are also affected by cultural contexts and understanding of autism. The Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) is widely used to study cognitions in chronic health research and has been adapted and validated to measure parents' perceptions and beliefs about their children?s ASD (IPQ-R-ASD). However, such studies are mostly conducted in high-income countries (HICs) with western, individualistic cultural values (e.g. United States, Canada). Therefore, it is unclear whether the IPQ-R-ASD is a useful instrument in understanding parents' perceptions of autism in Vietnam, a lower- and middle-income country (LMIC) with collectivistic Asian cultural values. These differences suggest that parents in Vietnam may have cognitive representations of their children?s autism that differ from those of parents living in HIC, western countries. The purpose of this study was to examine the usability of the translated Vietnamese IPQ-R-ASD that may, ultimately, help explore Vietnamese parents' autism perceptions. While the study?s result indicated the usability of the translated measure in Vietnam, when interpreted with Vietnamese norms, results also highlighted notable differences between Vietnamese and North American parents' perceptions of autism that warrant further research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221141262 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] A cross-cultural comparison of a measure of parent perceptions among families of children with autism in Vietnam [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dieu M TRUONG, Auteur ; Sarah S MIRE, Auteur ; Susan X DAY, Auteur ; Lan NI, Auteur ; Milena KELLER-MARGULIS, Auteur . - p.997-1010. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.997-1010 Mots-clés : autism,cross-cultural comparison,parent perceptions,Vietnam Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most current autism research focuses on Western countries, where service availability and cultural experiences differ from those of individuals living in Asian countries, where collectivistic cultural values prevail and understanding of autism is emerging. By gathering data from Vietnamese parents of autistic children (N=339), the current measurement study examined measure variance and invariance between the English version of the Illness Perception Questionnaire- Revised for Autism Spectrum Disorder (IPQ-R-ASD) and a Vietnamese translation of it, at the item, scalar, and factor levels. Results indicated measurement variance for only three of 37 items and highlighted different perceptions of autism between Vietnamese and North American parents, based on responses to the IPQ-R-ASD. Responses indicated that Vietnamese parents may have a different interpretation of the questions. Seven factors emerged on both the Vietnamese and English instruments, but items loaded differently, and a distinct factor emerged on the Vietnamese version. In sum, the current findings suggest that the IPQ-R-ASD can be useful for better understanding Vietnamese parents' perceptions of their children?s autism, but the interpretation is somewhat different than on the English version, highlighting the importance of cross-cultural considerations in the study of autism in Western versus Eastern cultures.Lay abstractRaising an autistic child can affect many aspects of families' lives. Parents are responsible for many decisions, from initiating evaluation to selecting and implementing treatments. How parents conceptualize the course and nature of their child?s diagnosis influences these processes and parents' own well-being. Parents' perceptions about their children?s autism are also affected by cultural contexts and understanding of autism. The Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) is widely used to study cognitions in chronic health research and has been adapted and validated to measure parents' perceptions and beliefs about their children?s ASD (IPQ-R-ASD). However, such studies are mostly conducted in high-income countries (HICs) with western, individualistic cultural values (e.g. United States, Canada). Therefore, it is unclear whether the IPQ-R-ASD is a useful instrument in understanding parents' perceptions of autism in Vietnam, a lower- and middle-income country (LMIC) with collectivistic Asian cultural values. These differences suggest that parents in Vietnam may have cognitive representations of their children?s autism that differ from those of parents living in HIC, western countries. The purpose of this study was to examine the usability of the translated Vietnamese IPQ-R-ASD that may, ultimately, help explore Vietnamese parents' autism perceptions. While the study?s result indicated the usability of the translated measure in Vietnam, when interpreted with Vietnamese norms, results also highlighted notable differences between Vietnamese and North American parents' perceptions of autism that warrant further research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221141262 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Using implementation science frameworks to explore barriers and facilitators for parents' use of therapeutic strategies following a parent-mediated autism intervention / Sophie CARRUTHERS in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1011-1025 Titre : Using implementation science frameworks to explore barriers and facilitators for parents' use of therapeutic strategies following a parent-mediated autism intervention Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sophie CARRUTHERS, Auteur ; Natasha MLECZKO, Auteur ; Stephanie PAGE, Auteur ; Shalini AHUJA, Auteur ; Ceri ELLIS, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Kathy LEADBITTER, Auteur ; Lauren TAYLOR, Auteur ; Vicky SLONIMS, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1011-1025 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders,interventions - psychosocial/behavioural,qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : One core component of the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised involves supporting parents to change their interaction and communication style with their child. This behaviour change has been found to affect child outcomes. Implementation science methodologies offer a range of opportunities to investigate how interventions are delivered in practice; however, few autism intervention studies have used such designs to explore the behaviour change of parents. We interviewed 27 parents and explored their use of intervention strategies after the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised trial. We employed the Theoretical Domains Framework and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to systematically explore a range of barriers and facilitators experienced by the parents associated with parents' characteristics, their context and features of the intervention. Our analysis revealed barriers and facilitators across three themes: Motivating Factors, which was further subdivided into Compatibility and Buy-In and Alignment of Goals and Outcomes; Opportunity and Support; Parent Characteristics. Almost all parents reported continued use of the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised strategies. Facilitators (e.g. parental confidence in using the strategies) and barriers (e.g. child?s behaviour) were identified. Consideration of these factors can inform identification of implementation strategies to test in future studies of Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised and other parent-mediated early autism interventions.Lay abstractMany early autism interventions teach parents therapeutic strategies to help them adjust their communication style with their children. Research has shown that this behaviour change in parents leads to improvements in child communication. It is, therefore, important to learn what factors support or hinder parents in their use of therapeutic strategies learned in such interventions. This study set out to interview parents who had participated in a research trial of the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised intervention. We interviewed 27 caregivers and explored their use of the strategies up to 2?years after the end of the research trial. Qualitative frameworks were used to inform interview questions and data analysis. These frameworks focused on a range of contextual factors, including parents' characteristics, their context and features of the intervention. Parents reported barriers and facilitators to using Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised strategies across three themes: Motivating Factors; Opportunity and Support; Parent Characteristics. One of these themes, Motivating Factors, was further divided into the subthemes Compatibility and Buy-In and Alignment of Goals and Outcomes. Almost all parents reported continued use of the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised strategies. Facilitators included parental confidence in using the strategies and barriers included child?s behaviour. Consideration of these factors can inform ways to better support parents in future autism interventions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221125630 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Using implementation science frameworks to explore barriers and facilitators for parents' use of therapeutic strategies following a parent-mediated autism intervention [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sophie CARRUTHERS, Auteur ; Natasha MLECZKO, Auteur ; Stephanie PAGE, Auteur ; Shalini AHUJA, Auteur ; Ceri ELLIS, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Kathy LEADBITTER, Auteur ; Lauren TAYLOR, Auteur ; Vicky SLONIMS, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.1011-1025. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1011-1025 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders,interventions - psychosocial/behavioural,qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : One core component of the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised involves supporting parents to change their interaction and communication style with their child. This behaviour change has been found to affect child outcomes. Implementation science methodologies offer a range of opportunities to investigate how interventions are delivered in practice; however, few autism intervention studies have used such designs to explore the behaviour change of parents. We interviewed 27 parents and explored their use of intervention strategies after the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised trial. We employed the Theoretical Domains Framework and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to systematically explore a range of barriers and facilitators experienced by the parents associated with parents' characteristics, their context and features of the intervention. Our analysis revealed barriers and facilitators across three themes: Motivating Factors, which was further subdivided into Compatibility and Buy-In and Alignment of Goals and Outcomes; Opportunity and Support; Parent Characteristics. Almost all parents reported continued use of the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised strategies. Facilitators (e.g. parental confidence in using the strategies) and barriers (e.g. child?s behaviour) were identified. Consideration of these factors can inform identification of implementation strategies to test in future studies of Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised and other parent-mediated early autism interventions.Lay abstractMany early autism interventions teach parents therapeutic strategies to help them adjust their communication style with their children. Research has shown that this behaviour change in parents leads to improvements in child communication. It is, therefore, important to learn what factors support or hinder parents in their use of therapeutic strategies learned in such interventions. This study set out to interview parents who had participated in a research trial of the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised intervention. We interviewed 27 caregivers and explored their use of the strategies up to 2?years after the end of the research trial. Qualitative frameworks were used to inform interview questions and data analysis. These frameworks focused on a range of contextual factors, including parents' characteristics, their context and features of the intervention. Parents reported barriers and facilitators to using Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised strategies across three themes: Motivating Factors; Opportunity and Support; Parent Characteristics. One of these themes, Motivating Factors, was further divided into the subthemes Compatibility and Buy-In and Alignment of Goals and Outcomes. Almost all parents reported continued use of the Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy-Generalised strategies. Facilitators included parental confidence in using the strategies and barriers included child?s behaviour. Consideration of these factors can inform ways to better support parents in future autism interventions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221125630 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Detecting dodgy behaviour: The role of autism, autistic traits and theory of mind / Neil BREWER in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1026-1035 Titre : Detecting dodgy behaviour: The role of autism, autistic traits and theory of mind Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Carmen A LUCAS, Auteur ; Alliyza LIM, Auteur ; Robyn L YOUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1026-1035 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,autistic traits,criminality,signal detection theory,theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether theory of mind difficulties often considered to characterise autistic individuals impair their ability to detect the presence of dodgy or suspicious behaviour in interactions, thereby rendering them especially vulnerable to becoming involved in criminal activity or being victimised. Using a signal detection theory approach, we compared autistic (N=72; Verbal Comprehension Index=88-122, M=106.6) and non-autistic (N=70; Verbal Comprehension Index=86-120, M=104.4) adults' ability to detect dodgy or suspicious behaviour across a broad array of scenarios (N=136). Although theory of mind performance was poorer for the autistic group, frequentist and Bayesian analyses indicated there were no group differences in either the standard measures of discrimination performance obtainable using a signal detection theory approach or in terms of a bias towards reporting dodgy behaviour. Furthermore, there was no indication of a relationship between dodginess detection and autistic traits. However, regardless of group membership, theory of mind difficulties were associated with poorer discrimination of dodgy behaviour, highlighting an individual difference variable that may increase the vulnerability of both autistic and non-autistic individuals to involvement in some form of criminal activity or to becoming a victim of crime.Lay abstractDifficulties in reading others' minds make it difficult to anticipate their future behaviour. It has often been argued that such difficulties contribute to autistic individuals becoming enmeshed in criminal activity. However, supportive scientific evidence is virtually non-existent. We compared the ability of groups of autistic and non-autistic adults of similar intellectual ability to detect dodgy or suspicious behaviour across a wide range of scenarios. Although the autistic group performed more poorly than the non-autistic group on an established measure of mindreading, there were no group differences in the ability to detect dodginess. Nor did we find any evidence that detecting dodgy behaviour was associated with the degree of autistic traits reported by individual participants. However, when we combined the two groups, difficulty reading the minds of others was indeed associated with poorer detection of dodginess, thus highlighting a characteristic of individuals that may well increase the likelihood of becoming involved in crime or exploited for autistic and non-autistic individuals alike. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221125564 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Detecting dodgy behaviour: The role of autism, autistic traits and theory of mind [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Carmen A LUCAS, Auteur ; Alliyza LIM, Auteur ; Robyn L YOUNG, Auteur . - p.1026-1035. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1026-1035 Mots-clés : autism,autistic traits,criminality,signal detection theory,theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether theory of mind difficulties often considered to characterise autistic individuals impair their ability to detect the presence of dodgy or suspicious behaviour in interactions, thereby rendering them especially vulnerable to becoming involved in criminal activity or being victimised. Using a signal detection theory approach, we compared autistic (N=72; Verbal Comprehension Index=88-122, M=106.6) and non-autistic (N=70; Verbal Comprehension Index=86-120, M=104.4) adults' ability to detect dodgy or suspicious behaviour across a broad array of scenarios (N=136). Although theory of mind performance was poorer for the autistic group, frequentist and Bayesian analyses indicated there were no group differences in either the standard measures of discrimination performance obtainable using a signal detection theory approach or in terms of a bias towards reporting dodgy behaviour. Furthermore, there was no indication of a relationship between dodginess detection and autistic traits. However, regardless of group membership, theory of mind difficulties were associated with poorer discrimination of dodgy behaviour, highlighting an individual difference variable that may increase the vulnerability of both autistic and non-autistic individuals to involvement in some form of criminal activity or to becoming a victim of crime.Lay abstractDifficulties in reading others' minds make it difficult to anticipate their future behaviour. It has often been argued that such difficulties contribute to autistic individuals becoming enmeshed in criminal activity. However, supportive scientific evidence is virtually non-existent. We compared the ability of groups of autistic and non-autistic adults of similar intellectual ability to detect dodgy or suspicious behaviour across a wide range of scenarios. Although the autistic group performed more poorly than the non-autistic group on an established measure of mindreading, there were no group differences in the ability to detect dodginess. Nor did we find any evidence that detecting dodgy behaviour was associated with the degree of autistic traits reported by individual participants. However, when we combined the two groups, difficulty reading the minds of others was indeed associated with poorer detection of dodginess, thus highlighting a characteristic of individuals that may well increase the likelihood of becoming involved in crime or exploited for autistic and non-autistic individuals alike. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221125564 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Differences in white matter segments in autistic males, non-autistic siblings, and non-autistic participants: An intermediate phenotype approach / Yi-Ling CHIEN in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1036-1052 Titre : Differences in white matter segments in autistic males, non-autistic siblings, and non-autistic participants: An intermediate phenotype approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yi-Ling CHIEN, Auteur ; Yu-Jen CHEN, Auteur ; Wan-Ling TSENG, Auteur ; Yung-Chin HSU, Auteur ; Chi-Shin WU, Auteur ; Wen-Yih Isaac TSENG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1036-1052 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder,diffusion spectrum imaging,intermediate phenotype,unaffected siblings,white matter properties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Whether altered white matter microstructural property of autistic people also exists in non-autistic siblings is uncertain. The microstructures of a neural tract may not be consistent throughout the whole track. We assessed 38 cognitive-able autistic males (aged 15.8?+?4.4?years), 39 non-autistic siblings (16.5?+?5.7?years), and 78 age- and sex-matched non-autistic comparison people (14.4?+?5.3?years) using tract-based automatic analysis of diffusion spectrum imaging and threshold-free cluster-weighted method. First, we identified segments within the right frontal aslant tract, frontostriatal tract, and thalamic radiation to precentral areas in both autistic people and non-autistic siblings that differed from those in non-autistic comparison people. Second, segments within bilateral cingulate gyri and callosal fibers connecting superior temporal lobes differed between autistic people and non-autistic comparison people but not between siblings and non-autistic comparison people. Third, segments within the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus and callosal fibers connecting precuneus showed increased generalized fractional anisotropy in non-autistic siblings. Our findings suggest microstructural properties of some potential neural segments that were similar between autistic people and their non-autistic siblings may serve as intermediate phenotypes of autism, facilitating further etiological searching for autism. Meanwhile, increased microstructural properties in unaffected siblings alone might indicate compensatory processes in the light of genetic predisposition for autism.Lay abstractWhite matter is the neural pathway that connects neurons in different brain regions. Although research has shown white matter differences between autistic and non-autistic people, little is known about the properties of white matter in non-autistic siblings. In addition, past studies often focused on the whole neural tracts; it is unclear where differences exist in specific segments of the tracts. This study identified neural segments that differed between autistic people, their non-autistic siblings, and the age- and non-autistic people. We found altered segments within the tracts connected to anterior brain regions corresponding to several higher cognitive functions (e.g. executive functions) in autistic people and non-autistic siblings. Segments connecting to regions for social cognition and Theory of Mind were altered only in autistic people, explaining a large portion of autistic traits and may serve as neuroimaging markers. Segments within the tracts associated with fewer autistic traits or connecting brain regions for diverse highly integrated functions showed compensatory increases in the microstructural properties in non-autistic siblings. Our findings suggest that differential white matter segments that are shared between autistic people and non-autistic siblings may serve as potential ''intermediate phenotypes''-biological or neuropsychological characteristics in the causal link between genetics and symptoms-of autism. These findings shed light on a promising neuroimaging model to refine the intermediate phenotype of autism which may facilitate further identification of the genetic and biological bases of autism. Future research exploring links between compensatory segments and neurocognitive strengths in non-autistic siblings may help understand brain adaptation to autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221125620 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Differences in white matter segments in autistic males, non-autistic siblings, and non-autistic participants: An intermediate phenotype approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yi-Ling CHIEN, Auteur ; Yu-Jen CHEN, Auteur ; Wan-Ling TSENG, Auteur ; Yung-Chin HSU, Auteur ; Chi-Shin WU, Auteur ; Wen-Yih Isaac TSENG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur . - p.1036-1052. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1036-1052 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder,diffusion spectrum imaging,intermediate phenotype,unaffected siblings,white matter properties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Whether altered white matter microstructural property of autistic people also exists in non-autistic siblings is uncertain. The microstructures of a neural tract may not be consistent throughout the whole track. We assessed 38 cognitive-able autistic males (aged 15.8?+?4.4?years), 39 non-autistic siblings (16.5?+?5.7?years), and 78 age- and sex-matched non-autistic comparison people (14.4?+?5.3?years) using tract-based automatic analysis of diffusion spectrum imaging and threshold-free cluster-weighted method. First, we identified segments within the right frontal aslant tract, frontostriatal tract, and thalamic radiation to precentral areas in both autistic people and non-autistic siblings that differed from those in non-autistic comparison people. Second, segments within bilateral cingulate gyri and callosal fibers connecting superior temporal lobes differed between autistic people and non-autistic comparison people but not between siblings and non-autistic comparison people. Third, segments within the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus and callosal fibers connecting precuneus showed increased generalized fractional anisotropy in non-autistic siblings. Our findings suggest microstructural properties of some potential neural segments that were similar between autistic people and their non-autistic siblings may serve as intermediate phenotypes of autism, facilitating further etiological searching for autism. Meanwhile, increased microstructural properties in unaffected siblings alone might indicate compensatory processes in the light of genetic predisposition for autism.Lay abstractWhite matter is the neural pathway that connects neurons in different brain regions. Although research has shown white matter differences between autistic and non-autistic people, little is known about the properties of white matter in non-autistic siblings. In addition, past studies often focused on the whole neural tracts; it is unclear where differences exist in specific segments of the tracts. This study identified neural segments that differed between autistic people, their non-autistic siblings, and the age- and non-autistic people. We found altered segments within the tracts connected to anterior brain regions corresponding to several higher cognitive functions (e.g. executive functions) in autistic people and non-autistic siblings. Segments connecting to regions for social cognition and Theory of Mind were altered only in autistic people, explaining a large portion of autistic traits and may serve as neuroimaging markers. Segments within the tracts associated with fewer autistic traits or connecting brain regions for diverse highly integrated functions showed compensatory increases in the microstructural properties in non-autistic siblings. Our findings suggest that differential white matter segments that are shared between autistic people and non-autistic siblings may serve as potential ''intermediate phenotypes''-biological or neuropsychological characteristics in the causal link between genetics and symptoms-of autism. These findings shed light on a promising neuroimaging model to refine the intermediate phenotype of autism which may facilitate further identification of the genetic and biological bases of autism. Future research exploring links between compensatory segments and neurocognitive strengths in non-autistic siblings may help understand brain adaptation to autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221125620 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Anxiety in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder and the association with amygdala subnuclei structure / Abagail HENNESSY in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1053-1067 Titre : Anxiety in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder and the association with amygdala subnuclei structure Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Abagail HENNESSY, Auteur ; Diane SEGUIN, Auteur ; Susana CORREA, Auteur ; Jianan WANG, Auteur ; Julio C MARTINEZ-TRUJILLO, Auteur ; Rob NICOLSON, Auteur ; Emma G DUERDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1053-1067 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : amygdala,autism spectrum disorders,behavior,human,MRI,social Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is clinically characterized by social and communication difficulties as well as repetitive behaviors. Many children with ASD also suffer from anxiety, which has been associated with alterations in amygdala structure. In this work, the association between amygdala subnuclei volumes and anxiety was assessed in a cohort of 234 participants (mean age=11.0?years, SD=3.9, 95 children with ASD, 139 children were non-autistic). Children underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Amygdala subnuclei volumes were extracted automatically. Anxiety was assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Children with ASD had higher anxiety scores relative to non-autistic children on all anxiety measures (all, p En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221127512 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Anxiety in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder and the association with amygdala subnuclei structure [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Abagail HENNESSY, Auteur ; Diane SEGUIN, Auteur ; Susana CORREA, Auteur ; Jianan WANG, Auteur ; Julio C MARTINEZ-TRUJILLO, Auteur ; Rob NICOLSON, Auteur ; Emma G DUERDEN, Auteur . - p.1053-1067. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1053-1067 Mots-clés : amygdala,autism spectrum disorders,behavior,human,MRI,social Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is clinically characterized by social and communication difficulties as well as repetitive behaviors. Many children with ASD also suffer from anxiety, which has been associated with alterations in amygdala structure. In this work, the association between amygdala subnuclei volumes and anxiety was assessed in a cohort of 234 participants (mean age=11.0?years, SD=3.9, 95 children with ASD, 139 children were non-autistic). Children underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Amygdala subnuclei volumes were extracted automatically. Anxiety was assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Children with ASD had higher anxiety scores relative to non-autistic children on all anxiety measures (all, p En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221127512 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Parent experiences of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughter: An interpretative phenomenological analysis / Nerelie C FREEMAN in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1068-1078 Titre : Parent experiences of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughter: An interpretative phenomenological analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nerelie C FREEMAN, Auteur ; Pascale PARADIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1068-1078 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : assessment,autism,diagnosis,females,lived experience,parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The process of getting an autism diagnosis can be a stressful and uncertain time for families. While the experiences of parents seeking an autism diagnosis for their child have been explored in previous research, the experiences of families with a daughter have been underrepresented. It is likely that their experience is markedly different given that females are often misdiagnosed and/or are diagnosed at a later age. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six families, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used along with member checks to derive themes from the participants' narratives. Three superordinate themes emerged from the analysis: 'Something?s not right' consisted of narratives describing the process of getting their daughter diagnosed and 'So many barriers' captured the factors that delayed assessment and diagnosis. Finally, the third theme 'I wanted to just get this process done and dusted' explored the range of emotions experienced by families during the assessment process. The importance of challenging outdated conceptualisations of autism and providing further training to increase health professionals' confidence when diagnosing autistic females is emphasised, as well as recognising that families may experience a range of emotions during the assessment and diagnostic process, including positive ones.Lay abstractAutistic females are often diagnosed later than males and are also more likely to be misdiagnosed with other conditions. Co-occurring conditions may also be diagnosed at the time of the assessment but their autism diagnosis is missed. The majority of research examining the parent experience of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their child has included predominantly or exclusively male children in their samples. This study examines the experiences of parents in obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughters in Australia through interview data which allowed for an exploration of their lived experiences. Several of the parents reported positive feelings of excitement or curiosity in relation to the assessment process which are emotions that have not been reported in earlier studies. While recent research advances have improved our understanding of gender differences in autistic behaviours, the findings of this study suggest that some practitioners have obsolete knowledge which may lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis in some females. Although the extent that these experiences are representative of parents in the wider community is unknown, the fact that they are still being reported in the present day suggests that a proportion of health professionals continue to practice with outdated conceptualisations of autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221129830 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Parent experiences of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughter: An interpretative phenomenological analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nerelie C FREEMAN, Auteur ; Pascale PARADIS, Auteur . - p.1068-1078. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1068-1078 Mots-clés : assessment,autism,diagnosis,females,lived experience,parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The process of getting an autism diagnosis can be a stressful and uncertain time for families. While the experiences of parents seeking an autism diagnosis for their child have been explored in previous research, the experiences of families with a daughter have been underrepresented. It is likely that their experience is markedly different given that females are often misdiagnosed and/or are diagnosed at a later age. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six families, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used along with member checks to derive themes from the participants' narratives. Three superordinate themes emerged from the analysis: 'Something?s not right' consisted of narratives describing the process of getting their daughter diagnosed and 'So many barriers' captured the factors that delayed assessment and diagnosis. Finally, the third theme 'I wanted to just get this process done and dusted' explored the range of emotions experienced by families during the assessment process. The importance of challenging outdated conceptualisations of autism and providing further training to increase health professionals' confidence when diagnosing autistic females is emphasised, as well as recognising that families may experience a range of emotions during the assessment and diagnostic process, including positive ones.Lay abstractAutistic females are often diagnosed later than males and are also more likely to be misdiagnosed with other conditions. Co-occurring conditions may also be diagnosed at the time of the assessment but their autism diagnosis is missed. The majority of research examining the parent experience of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their child has included predominantly or exclusively male children in their samples. This study examines the experiences of parents in obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughters in Australia through interview data which allowed for an exploration of their lived experiences. Several of the parents reported positive feelings of excitement or curiosity in relation to the assessment process which are emotions that have not been reported in earlier studies. While recent research advances have improved our understanding of gender differences in autistic behaviours, the findings of this study suggest that some practitioners have obsolete knowledge which may lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis in some females. Although the extent that these experiences are representative of parents in the wider community is unknown, the fact that they are still being reported in the present day suggests that a proportion of health professionals continue to practice with outdated conceptualisations of autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221129830 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Co-design of an NHS primary care health check for autistic adults / Helen TAYLOR in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1079-1091 Titre : Co-design of an NHS primary care health check for autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Helen TAYLOR, Auteur ; Barry INGHAM, Auteur ; David MASON, Auteur ; Tracy FINCH, Auteur ; Colin WILSON, Auteur ; Clare SCARLETT, Auteur ; Sebastian MOSS, Auteur ; Carole BUCKLEY, Auteur ; Anna URBANOWICZ, Auteur ; Dora RAYMAKER, Auteur ; Charlotte SEIBOTH, Auteur ; Rhianna LEES, Auteur ; Deborah GARLAND, Auteur ; Malcolm OSBOURNE, Auteur ; Nicholas LENNOX, Auteur ; Sally-Ann COOPER, Auteur ; Christina NICOLAIDIS, Auteur ; Jeremy R PARR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1079-1091 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,autism spectrum disorders,health check,health services,qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people experience more health conditions and earlier mortality. This study investigated views about a primary care health check for autistic adults to inform its design. Fifty-one people participated in consultation groups and interviews, comprising autistic adults (some with co-occurring intellectual disabilities), adults with intellectual disabilities, supporters and health professionals. Participants wanted the health check to cover physical and mental health and social functioning. They emphasised the importance of sharing information about individual needs and associated adjustments before the health check. They highlighted the need to change the way healthcare services communicate with autistic people, such as reducing phone contact and booking appointments online. They wanted individual choice in how the health check was completed, with video call or email offered alongside face-to-face. Participants raised the need for further training of primary care staff on autism, to highlight the diversity of experiences of autistic people and ways in which difficulties, such as pain, may present differently. Clinicians raised questions about the capacity of mental health and social care services to meet the additional needs potentially identified through the health check. This study represents a key step in the development and co-design of a UK primary care health check for autistic people.Lay abstractAutistic people are on average more likely to experience poor health than people who are not autistic. Health checks have been shown to improve access to effective healthcare. This study investigated people?s views about a primary care health check for autistic adults. We held discussion groups and interviewed autistic adults, adults with intellectual disabilities, supporters and health professionals. People wanted the health check to look at a person?s physical and mental health, and how they were doing socially. They thought people should be able to share information about their needs and the reasonable adjustments they would like before the health check. They wanted healthcare services to change the way they communicate with autistic people, such as being able to book appointments online rather than by telephone. They wanted a choice in how the health check was completed, with video call or email offered as well as face-to-face appointments. People thought further training of primary care staff on autism was needed, to increase awareness of the diversity of experiences of autistic people and ways in which difficulties, such as pain, may present differently to non-autistic people. Clinicians raised questions about whether mental health and social care services could meet the additional needs that might be identified through the health check. We used this information to design an NHS primary care health check for autistic people in collaboration with autistic people, supporters and health professionals. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132921 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Co-design of an NHS primary care health check for autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Helen TAYLOR, Auteur ; Barry INGHAM, Auteur ; David MASON, Auteur ; Tracy FINCH, Auteur ; Colin WILSON, Auteur ; Clare SCARLETT, Auteur ; Sebastian MOSS, Auteur ; Carole BUCKLEY, Auteur ; Anna URBANOWICZ, Auteur ; Dora RAYMAKER, Auteur ; Charlotte SEIBOTH, Auteur ; Rhianna LEES, Auteur ; Deborah GARLAND, Auteur ; Malcolm OSBOURNE, Auteur ; Nicholas LENNOX, Auteur ; Sally-Ann COOPER, Auteur ; Christina NICOLAIDIS, Auteur ; Jeremy R PARR, Auteur . - p.1079-1091. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1079-1091 Mots-clés : autism,autism spectrum disorders,health check,health services,qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people experience more health conditions and earlier mortality. This study investigated views about a primary care health check for autistic adults to inform its design. Fifty-one people participated in consultation groups and interviews, comprising autistic adults (some with co-occurring intellectual disabilities), adults with intellectual disabilities, supporters and health professionals. Participants wanted the health check to cover physical and mental health and social functioning. They emphasised the importance of sharing information about individual needs and associated adjustments before the health check. They highlighted the need to change the way healthcare services communicate with autistic people, such as reducing phone contact and booking appointments online. They wanted individual choice in how the health check was completed, with video call or email offered alongside face-to-face. Participants raised the need for further training of primary care staff on autism, to highlight the diversity of experiences of autistic people and ways in which difficulties, such as pain, may present differently. Clinicians raised questions about the capacity of mental health and social care services to meet the additional needs potentially identified through the health check. This study represents a key step in the development and co-design of a UK primary care health check for autistic people.Lay abstractAutistic people are on average more likely to experience poor health than people who are not autistic. Health checks have been shown to improve access to effective healthcare. This study investigated people?s views about a primary care health check for autistic adults. We held discussion groups and interviewed autistic adults, adults with intellectual disabilities, supporters and health professionals. People wanted the health check to look at a person?s physical and mental health, and how they were doing socially. They thought people should be able to share information about their needs and the reasonable adjustments they would like before the health check. They wanted healthcare services to change the way they communicate with autistic people, such as being able to book appointments online rather than by telephone. They wanted a choice in how the health check was completed, with video call or email offered as well as face-to-face appointments. People thought further training of primary care staff on autism was needed, to increase awareness of the diversity of experiences of autistic people and ways in which difficulties, such as pain, may present differently to non-autistic people. Clinicians raised questions about whether mental health and social care services could meet the additional needs that might be identified through the health check. We used this information to design an NHS primary care health check for autistic people in collaboration with autistic people, supporters and health professionals. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132921 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Portrayals of autism in the British press: A corpus-based study / Themis KARAMINIS in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1092-1114 Titre : Portrayals of autism in the British press: A corpus-based study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Themis KARAMINIS, Auteur ; Costas GABRIELATOS, Auteur ; Ursula MADEN-WEINBERGER, Auteur ; Geoffrey BEATTIE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1092-1114 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : acceptance,autism spectrum disorders,corpus-based,critical discourse analysis,implicit attitudes,newspapers,representations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Press representations of autism and autistic people both reflect and help shape public attitudes towards autism and neurodiversity and may establish critical barriers to social integration for autistic individuals. This study examined such representations in UK newspapers in the period 2011-2020 using a corpus-based approach. It also considered how press representations changed over time and differed with regard to reporting style (tabloids vs broadsheets) and political orientation (left- vs right-leaning). We created the Autism UK Press Corpus, which included all documents (~24K) referring to autism in 10 national newspapers. We used document counts (normalised by newspaper size) to assess the 'newsworthiness' of autism. We also employed a synergy of corpus-based and critical-discourse-analysis methodologies to study lexicogrammatical patterns and uncover explicit and implicit attitudes towards autism. Our results showed that the coverage of autism increased slightly over time, especially in broadsheets and left-leaning newspapers. Newspapers emphasised adversities associated with autism, often used negative language, and tended to focus on boys. These representations shifted gradually towards more difference-based descriptions and included more diverse age/gender groups, especially in broadsheets and left-leaning newspapers. We discuss the broad implications of these findings for the autism community and those interested in a more inclusive society.Lay abstractAny thriving society must recognise, accept and celebrate all of its diverse talent. But how accepting is British society towards autism and autistic people? This research addressed this question through the lens of the press since the press both reflects and helps shape public attitudes towards various social categories. We used specialised 'corpus-based' methods to carry out a large-scale study, which examined all articles referring to autism or autistic people in 10 national British newspapers in the period 2011-2020. We first investigated how often newspapers referred to autism. We found that the coverage of autism increased slightly over the years, suggesting that autism was becoming an increasingly newsworthy topic. Furthermore, the rise in autism coverage differed considerably between individual newspapers: it was more pronounced in the broadsheets than tabloids, and in left-leaning than right-leaning newspapers. But what was the focus of these articles? We found that newspapers emphasised the adversities associated with autism and portrayed autism with a lot of negative language. Newspapers also tended to focus on autistic children, and particularly on boys. There were some signs of change in more recent years, with some newspapers now representing autism as a difference and, in addition, referring to more diverse groups of autistic people. However, these changes tended to be confined to broadsheets and left-leaning newspapers. Our findings suggest that representations of autism in the contemporary British press are skewed towards stereotypically negative views, which may well hinder the acceptance of autism and the fostering of a more inclusive society. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221131752 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Portrayals of autism in the British press: A corpus-based study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Themis KARAMINIS, Auteur ; Costas GABRIELATOS, Auteur ; Ursula MADEN-WEINBERGER, Auteur ; Geoffrey BEATTIE, Auteur . - p.1092-1114. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1092-1114 Mots-clés : acceptance,autism spectrum disorders,corpus-based,critical discourse analysis,implicit attitudes,newspapers,representations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Press representations of autism and autistic people both reflect and help shape public attitudes towards autism and neurodiversity and may establish critical barriers to social integration for autistic individuals. This study examined such representations in UK newspapers in the period 2011-2020 using a corpus-based approach. It also considered how press representations changed over time and differed with regard to reporting style (tabloids vs broadsheets) and political orientation (left- vs right-leaning). We created the Autism UK Press Corpus, which included all documents (~24K) referring to autism in 10 national newspapers. We used document counts (normalised by newspaper size) to assess the 'newsworthiness' of autism. We also employed a synergy of corpus-based and critical-discourse-analysis methodologies to study lexicogrammatical patterns and uncover explicit and implicit attitudes towards autism. Our results showed that the coverage of autism increased slightly over time, especially in broadsheets and left-leaning newspapers. Newspapers emphasised adversities associated with autism, often used negative language, and tended to focus on boys. These representations shifted gradually towards more difference-based descriptions and included more diverse age/gender groups, especially in broadsheets and left-leaning newspapers. We discuss the broad implications of these findings for the autism community and those interested in a more inclusive society.Lay abstractAny thriving society must recognise, accept and celebrate all of its diverse talent. But how accepting is British society towards autism and autistic people? This research addressed this question through the lens of the press since the press both reflects and helps shape public attitudes towards various social categories. We used specialised 'corpus-based' methods to carry out a large-scale study, which examined all articles referring to autism or autistic people in 10 national British newspapers in the period 2011-2020. We first investigated how often newspapers referred to autism. We found that the coverage of autism increased slightly over the years, suggesting that autism was becoming an increasingly newsworthy topic. Furthermore, the rise in autism coverage differed considerably between individual newspapers: it was more pronounced in the broadsheets than tabloids, and in left-leaning than right-leaning newspapers. But what was the focus of these articles? We found that newspapers emphasised the adversities associated with autism and portrayed autism with a lot of negative language. Newspapers also tended to focus on autistic children, and particularly on boys. There were some signs of change in more recent years, with some newspapers now representing autism as a difference and, in addition, referring to more diverse groups of autistic people. However, these changes tended to be confined to broadsheets and left-leaning newspapers. Our findings suggest that representations of autism in the contemporary British press are skewed towards stereotypically negative views, which may well hinder the acceptance of autism and the fostering of a more inclusive society. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221131752 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

The Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M): Development and preliminary validation of a new scale for the measurement of suicidal ideation in autistic adults / Darren HEDLEY in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1115-1131 Titre : The Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M): Development and preliminary validation of a new scale for the measurement of suicidal ideation in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Philip J BATTERHAM, Auteur ; Simon M BURY, Auteur ; Angela CLAPPERTON, Auteur ; Kathleen DENNEY, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Phoenix FOX, Auteur ; Thomas W FRAZIER, Auteur ; Emma GALLAGHER, Auteur ; Susan M HAYWARD, Auteur ; Jo ROBINSON, Auteur ; Ensu SAHIN, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVI?, Auteur ; Mark A STOKES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1115-1131 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults,assessment,autism spectrum disorder,measurement,risk,screening,suicidal behavior,suicidal ideation,suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study describes the development and preliminary psychometric validation of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M), a five-item assessment of suicidal ideation for use with autistic adults. Participants (n=102 autistic adults; 58% women, 34% men, 8% nonbinary; Mage=41.75, SD=12.89) completed an online survey including the SIDAS-M at Time 1 and participated in follow-up interviews at Time 2 (~111?days later). A single factor solution provided good to excellent fit to the data (comparative fit index=0.961, Tucker-Lewis index=0.921; standardized root mean square residual=0.027), with all items showing good to excellent loadings (0.74-0.91). SIDAS-M total score (?=.930, bias-corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval (BCa 95% CI) [.90, .95]) demonstrated good convergent validity, correlating significantly with existing suicide specific (?=.442-.698, p<.001) and well-being measures (?=.325.-.505, p?.001), and good divergent validity. Logistic regression controlling for age, gender, and relationship status indicated that SIDAS-M scores at Time 1 significantly predicted suicidal behavior at Time 2, ?=0.462, p En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221131234 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] The Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M): Development and preliminary validation of a new scale for the measurement of suicidal ideation in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Philip J BATTERHAM, Auteur ; Simon M BURY, Auteur ; Angela CLAPPERTON, Auteur ; Kathleen DENNEY, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Phoenix FOX, Auteur ; Thomas W FRAZIER, Auteur ; Emma GALLAGHER, Auteur ; Susan M HAYWARD, Auteur ; Jo ROBINSON, Auteur ; Ensu SAHIN, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVI?, Auteur ; Mark A STOKES, Auteur . - p.1115-1131. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1115-1131 Mots-clés : adults,assessment,autism spectrum disorder,measurement,risk,screening,suicidal behavior,suicidal ideation,suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study describes the development and preliminary psychometric validation of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale-Modified (SIDAS-M), a five-item assessment of suicidal ideation for use with autistic adults. Participants (n=102 autistic adults; 58% women, 34% men, 8% nonbinary; Mage=41.75, SD=12.89) completed an online survey including the SIDAS-M at Time 1 and participated in follow-up interviews at Time 2 (~111?days later). A single factor solution provided good to excellent fit to the data (comparative fit index=0.961, Tucker-Lewis index=0.921; standardized root mean square residual=0.027), with all items showing good to excellent loadings (0.74-0.91). SIDAS-M total score (?=.930, bias-corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval (BCa 95% CI) [.90, .95]) demonstrated good convergent validity, correlating significantly with existing suicide specific (?=.442-.698, p<.001) and well-being measures (?=.325.-.505, p?.001), and good divergent validity. Logistic regression controlling for age, gender, and relationship status indicated that SIDAS-M scores at Time 1 significantly predicted suicidal behavior at Time 2, ?=0.462, p En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221131234 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

''Giving the patients less work'': A thematic analysis of telehealth use and recommendations to improve usability for autistic adults / Daniel GILMORE in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1132-1141 Titre : ''Giving the patients less work'': A thematic analysis of telehealth use and recommendations to improve usability for autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Daniel GILMORE, Auteur ; Lauren HARRIS, Auteur ; Christopher HANKS, Auteur ; Daniel COURY, Auteur ; Susan MOFFATT-BRUCE, Auteur ; Jennifer H GARVIN, Auteur ; Brittany N HAND, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1132-1141 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,primary care,telehealth,virtual visit Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Virtual visits are a telehealth service where patients and providers communicate in real-time using audio and/or video technology. Setting up a virtual visit is complex and may pose challenges for some autistic adults. We conducted semi-structured interviews with autistic adults (n=7), family members of autistic adults (n=12), and clinic personnel (n=6) from one US-based clinic and used thematic analysis to identify factors affecting usability of virtual visits. We found virtual visit preparation involves multiple contacts between clinic personnel and patients or family members via a variety of channels and usability was affected by technology considerations, logistical considerations, and expectations for visits. Participants said technological experience and using the patient portal enhanced usability, but technological issues could increase anxiety. Clinic personnel reported time constraints created logistical barriers to virtual visits; streamlining the process before the visit via the patient portal may improve the usability of virtual visits for autistic adults, family members, and clinic personnel. Participants also reported unclear expectations for virtual visits reduced usability and recommended reminders, instructional videos, and estimated wait-times to clarify expectations. While our findings are based on a single clinic, they may help inform usability improvement efforts in other clinics offering virtual visits for autistic adults.Lay abstractReal-time telehealth visits, called ''virtual visits,'' are live video chats between patients and healthcare professionals. There are lots of steps involved in setting up a virtual visit, which may be difficult for some autistic adults. We interviewed 7 autistic adults, 12 family members of autistic adults, and 6 clinic staff from one clinic in the United States. Our goal was to understand their experiences with virtual visits and see how we can make virtual visits easier to use. We re-read text from the interviews to organize experiences and advice that was shared into topics. We found that autistic adults (or their family members) had to connect with clinic staff many times by phone or online over several days to set up a virtual visit. Participants said that having more experience with technology and using the online patient portal made virtual visits easier to use. But, having issues with technology before the visit could make autistic adults and family members anxious. Clinic staff said it was hard for them to meet the needs of people who were using virtual visits and those who were being seen in person at the clinic. Participants recommended reducing the number of calls between staff and autistic adults or family members using the online patient portal instead. Participants also recommended reminder messages, instruction videos, and approximate wait-times to help autistic adults and family members know what to expect for the virtual visit. Our results are based on peoples' experiences at one clinic, but could help other clinics make virtual visits easier to use for autistic adults and their family members. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132422 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] ''Giving the patients less work'': A thematic analysis of telehealth use and recommendations to improve usability for autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Daniel GILMORE, Auteur ; Lauren HARRIS, Auteur ; Christopher HANKS, Auteur ; Daniel COURY, Auteur ; Susan MOFFATT-BRUCE, Auteur ; Jennifer H GARVIN, Auteur ; Brittany N HAND, Auteur . - p.1132-1141. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1132-1141 Mots-clés : autism,primary care,telehealth,virtual visit Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Virtual visits are a telehealth service where patients and providers communicate in real-time using audio and/or video technology. Setting up a virtual visit is complex and may pose challenges for some autistic adults. We conducted semi-structured interviews with autistic adults (n=7), family members of autistic adults (n=12), and clinic personnel (n=6) from one US-based clinic and used thematic analysis to identify factors affecting usability of virtual visits. We found virtual visit preparation involves multiple contacts between clinic personnel and patients or family members via a variety of channels and usability was affected by technology considerations, logistical considerations, and expectations for visits. Participants said technological experience and using the patient portal enhanced usability, but technological issues could increase anxiety. Clinic personnel reported time constraints created logistical barriers to virtual visits; streamlining the process before the visit via the patient portal may improve the usability of virtual visits for autistic adults, family members, and clinic personnel. Participants also reported unclear expectations for virtual visits reduced usability and recommended reminders, instructional videos, and estimated wait-times to clarify expectations. While our findings are based on a single clinic, they may help inform usability improvement efforts in other clinics offering virtual visits for autistic adults.Lay abstractReal-time telehealth visits, called ''virtual visits,'' are live video chats between patients and healthcare professionals. There are lots of steps involved in setting up a virtual visit, which may be difficult for some autistic adults. We interviewed 7 autistic adults, 12 family members of autistic adults, and 6 clinic staff from one clinic in the United States. Our goal was to understand their experiences with virtual visits and see how we can make virtual visits easier to use. We re-read text from the interviews to organize experiences and advice that was shared into topics. We found that autistic adults (or their family members) had to connect with clinic staff many times by phone or online over several days to set up a virtual visit. Participants said that having more experience with technology and using the online patient portal made virtual visits easier to use. But, having issues with technology before the visit could make autistic adults and family members anxious. Clinic staff said it was hard for them to meet the needs of people who were using virtual visits and those who were being seen in person at the clinic. Participants recommended reducing the number of calls between staff and autistic adults or family members using the online patient portal instead. Participants also recommended reminder messages, instruction videos, and approximate wait-times to help autistic adults and family members know what to expect for the virtual visit. Our results are based on peoples' experiences at one clinic, but could help other clinics make virtual visits easier to use for autistic adults and their family members. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132422 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Autism voices: Perspectives of the needs, challenges, and hopes for the future of autistic youth / Rackeb TESFAYE in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1142-1156 Titre : Autism voices: Perspectives of the needs, challenges, and hopes for the future of autistic youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rackeb TESFAYE, Auteur ; Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Pat MIRENDA, Auteur ; Wendy MITCHELL, Auteur ; David NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Ilina SINGH, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1142-1156 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence,first-person perspective,inclusive methods,qualitative research,strength-based Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism Voices study draws on novel inclusive methods to obtain the first-person experiences of autistic youth with a range of cognitive and verbal abilities. Thirty-one autistic youth were interviewed with a strength-based protocol, enabling them to provide responses in the modality of their choice. Dynamics between youth and their environments such as home, school, and community were explored. Youth were questioned about their interests, plans for the future, experiences with various emotions, and experience of autism. Based on a thematic analysis, six themes emerged: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. The experiences described by autistic youth parallel many of the aspirations and challenges of typically developing adolescents, while being uniquely shaped by their autism. We discuss how these insights shared by autistic youth can facilitate active involvement in their communities, promote well-being, and promote optimal transition into adulthood. Autism Voices demonstrates that partnering with multiple stakeholders and the use of inclusive methodologies are pivotal steps toward capturing the voices of all autistic youth.Lay abstractCurrently, our understanding of the adolescent period for autistic youth has relied on the expertise of researchers, clinicians, parents, and teachers, yet rarely involves their unique first-person experiences. Our study attempted to understand the experiences and perspectives of autistic adolescents in their home, school, and community environments using the Autism Voices protocol, a semi-structured interview specifically designed and tailored to engage with autistic youth with various language and intellectual levels. The analysis of the 31 interviews conducted with autistic adolescents aged 11-18?years highlighted six themes: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. These results highlight similarities and differences in the adolescent experiences of autistic youth compared to their typically developing peers. Our findings suggest that by removing assumptions about the experiences of autistic individuals and investing in inclusive interview methods, we can faithfully capture the experiences of autistic youth regardless of their communication and cognitive abilities. Being able to capture and amplify these diverse voices will facilitate the active involvement of autistic communities in research and clinical and policy decisions that impact them. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132108 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Autism voices: Perspectives of the needs, challenges, and hopes for the future of autistic youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rackeb TESFAYE, Auteur ; Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Pat MIRENDA, Auteur ; Wendy MITCHELL, Auteur ; David NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Ilina SINGH, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur . - p.1142-1156. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1142-1156 Mots-clés : adolescence,first-person perspective,inclusive methods,qualitative research,strength-based Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism Voices study draws on novel inclusive methods to obtain the first-person experiences of autistic youth with a range of cognitive and verbal abilities. Thirty-one autistic youth were interviewed with a strength-based protocol, enabling them to provide responses in the modality of their choice. Dynamics between youth and their environments such as home, school, and community were explored. Youth were questioned about their interests, plans for the future, experiences with various emotions, and experience of autism. Based on a thematic analysis, six themes emerged: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. The experiences described by autistic youth parallel many of the aspirations and challenges of typically developing adolescents, while being uniquely shaped by their autism. We discuss how these insights shared by autistic youth can facilitate active involvement in their communities, promote well-being, and promote optimal transition into adulthood. Autism Voices demonstrates that partnering with multiple stakeholders and the use of inclusive methodologies are pivotal steps toward capturing the voices of all autistic youth.Lay abstractCurrently, our understanding of the adolescent period for autistic youth has relied on the expertise of researchers, clinicians, parents, and teachers, yet rarely involves their unique first-person experiences. Our study attempted to understand the experiences and perspectives of autistic adolescents in their home, school, and community environments using the Autism Voices protocol, a semi-structured interview specifically designed and tailored to engage with autistic youth with various language and intellectual levels. The analysis of the 31 interviews conducted with autistic adolescents aged 11-18?years highlighted six themes: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. These results highlight similarities and differences in the adolescent experiences of autistic youth compared to their typically developing peers. Our findings suggest that by removing assumptions about the experiences of autistic individuals and investing in inclusive interview methods, we can faithfully capture the experiences of autistic youth regardless of their communication and cognitive abilities. Being able to capture and amplify these diverse voices will facilitate the active involvement of autistic communities in research and clinical and policy decisions that impact them. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132108 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Short report: The role of oral hypersensitivity in feeding behaviors of young autistic children / Kelsey THOMPSON in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1157-1162 Titre : Short report: The role of oral hypersensitivity in feeding behaviors of young autistic children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kelsey THOMPSON, Auteur ; Anna WALLISCH, Auteur ; Sallie NOWELL, Auteur ; Jessica MEREDITH, Auteur ; Brian BOYD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1157-1162 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders,nutrition/feeding,pre-school children,sensory impairments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Feeding problems are common among autistic children and are linked to negative health consequences. Therefore, understanding feeding problems and factors that influence these behaviors is important for developing supports for children and families. While certain sensory processing patterns are commonly associated with feeding problems, less is known about the link between sensory processing and feeding behaviors in autism, as well as how parent behaviors and feelings during mealtime differ based on child sensory preferences. This research examined two groups of young autistic children who were reported to be picky eaters by their parents: those with and those without oral hypersensitivity. Children with oral hypersensitivity had more difficulty with food acceptance, and their parents reported more negative feelings around feeding their child. However, the two groups of children (oral hypersensitive and not) did not differ in their medical/oral motor symptoms, mealtime behavior, or parent use of strategies at mealtimes. This research supports the need for personalized treatment strategies based on the child?s sensory preferences to support both the child and parent in managing mealtimes.Lay abstractFeeding problems are common among autistic children and are linked to negative health consequences. Therefore, understanding feeding problems and factors that influence these behaviors is important for developing supports for children and families. While certain sensory processing patterns are commonly associated with feeding problems, less is known about the link between sensory processing and feeding behaviors in autism, as well as how parent behaviors and feelings during mealtime differ based on child sensory preferences. This research examined two groups of young autistic children who were reported to be picky eaters by their parents: those with and those without oral hypersensitivity. Children with oral hypersensitivity had more difficulty with food acceptance and their parents reported more negative feelings around feeding their child. However, the two groups of children (oral hypersensitive and not) did not differ in their medical/oral motor symptoms, mealtime behavior, or parent use of strategies at mealtimes. This research supports the need for personalized treatment strategies based on the child?s sensory preferences to support both the child and parent in managing mealtimes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221135091 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Short report: The role of oral hypersensitivity in feeding behaviors of young autistic children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kelsey THOMPSON, Auteur ; Anna WALLISCH, Auteur ; Sallie NOWELL, Auteur ; Jessica MEREDITH, Auteur ; Brian BOYD, Auteur . - p.1157-1162. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1157-1162 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders,nutrition/feeding,pre-school children,sensory impairments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Feeding problems are common among autistic children and are linked to negative health consequences. Therefore, understanding feeding problems and factors that influence these behaviors is important for developing supports for children and families. While certain sensory processing patterns are commonly associated with feeding problems, less is known about the link between sensory processing and feeding behaviors in autism, as well as how parent behaviors and feelings during mealtime differ based on child sensory preferences. This research examined two groups of young autistic children who were reported to be picky eaters by their parents: those with and those without oral hypersensitivity. Children with oral hypersensitivity had more difficulty with food acceptance, and their parents reported more negative feelings around feeding their child. However, the two groups of children (oral hypersensitive and not) did not differ in their medical/oral motor symptoms, mealtime behavior, or parent use of strategies at mealtimes. This research supports the need for personalized treatment strategies based on the child?s sensory preferences to support both the child and parent in managing mealtimes.Lay abstractFeeding problems are common among autistic children and are linked to negative health consequences. Therefore, understanding feeding problems and factors that influence these behaviors is important for developing supports for children and families. While certain sensory processing patterns are commonly associated with feeding problems, less is known about the link between sensory processing and feeding behaviors in autism, as well as how parent behaviors and feelings during mealtime differ based on child sensory preferences. This research examined two groups of young autistic children who were reported to be picky eaters by their parents: those with and those without oral hypersensitivity. Children with oral hypersensitivity had more difficulty with food acceptance and their parents reported more negative feelings around feeding their child. However, the two groups of children (oral hypersensitive and not) did not differ in their medical/oral motor symptoms, mealtime behavior, or parent use of strategies at mealtimes. This research supports the need for personalized treatment strategies based on the child?s sensory preferences to support both the child and parent in managing mealtimes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221135091 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Short report: A co-designed psychoeducation for older autistic adults-a multiple case study / ER GROENENDIJK in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1163-1169 Titre : Short report: A co-designed psychoeducation for older autistic adults-a multiple case study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : ER GROENENDIJK, Auteur ; BFC VAN HEIJST, Auteur ; HM GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1163-1169 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,co-design,intervention,old age,psychoeducation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There are currently no old-age specific interventions for autistic adults. Therefore, in this explorative study, we examined the possible effects of a co-designed psychoeducation program for older autistic adults (55+?years), with a multiple case study design (N=9, age 56-73?years; Netherlands Trial Register (code Trial NL5670)). For each participant, also a person close to them (a proxy) participated. This allowed us to calculate a discrepancy score regarding autistic traits and cognitive challenges. The main hypothesis was that our program, delivered after general psychoeducation, would result in a discrepancy reduction between self and proxy reports. However, contrary to our hypothesis, we observed neither intervention effects on our primary outcome measures (discrepancy scores) nor the secondary outcome measures (mastery, self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-stigmatization, quality of life, and hope and future perspectives). Thus, despite co-designing the current intervention, the results were not promising. However, the positive feedback and suggestions of the participants make developing an improved version of a specific psychoeducation program for older autistic adults still a worthwhile pursuit.Lay abstractAfter receiving an autism diagnosis by a clinician, psychoeducation (i.e. information regarding autism) is often offered. However, older autistic adults (55+?years) may need specific information about the challenges they face in daily life as they are in a specific life phase. A psychoeducation program for this specific age group does not exist yet. We first developed such a program together with autistic adults and clinicians working with autistic people, after which we tested the program with nine autistic adults (56-73?years) and someone close to them (so-called proxy). Before testing the program, we determined together with autistic older adults what they thought should be the outcome of this intervention in order to state whether it was, indeed, a useful intervention. Earlier studies found that autistic people often think differently about their own autistic characteristics than their proxy. A reduction of this difference could increase mutual understanding. Therefore, the main hypothesis was that the program would decrease this difference with respect to autistic characteristics and cognitive challenges (e.g. memory problems). Another hypothesis was that the program would have a positive impact on a series of other factors, such as self-esteem. The results showed that the program did neither decrease the difference in insight nor the other tested factors. Nonetheless, we believe it is important to keep on working on a psychoeducation program for older autistic adults, because participants informed us the program had still helped them in certain ways and they gave helpful feedback for improvements of the program. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221138691 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Short report: A co-designed psychoeducation for older autistic adults-a multiple case study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / ER GROENENDIJK, Auteur ; BFC VAN HEIJST, Auteur ; HM GEURTS, Auteur . - p.1163-1169. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1163-1169 Mots-clés : autism,co-design,intervention,old age,psychoeducation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There are currently no old-age specific interventions for autistic adults. Therefore, in this explorative study, we examined the possible effects of a co-designed psychoeducation program for older autistic adults (55+?years), with a multiple case study design (N=9, age 56-73?years; Netherlands Trial Register (code Trial NL5670)). For each participant, also a person close to them (a proxy) participated. This allowed us to calculate a discrepancy score regarding autistic traits and cognitive challenges. The main hypothesis was that our program, delivered after general psychoeducation, would result in a discrepancy reduction between self and proxy reports. However, contrary to our hypothesis, we observed neither intervention effects on our primary outcome measures (discrepancy scores) nor the secondary outcome measures (mastery, self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-stigmatization, quality of life, and hope and future perspectives). Thus, despite co-designing the current intervention, the results were not promising. However, the positive feedback and suggestions of the participants make developing an improved version of a specific psychoeducation program for older autistic adults still a worthwhile pursuit.Lay abstractAfter receiving an autism diagnosis by a clinician, psychoeducation (i.e. information regarding autism) is often offered. However, older autistic adults (55+?years) may need specific information about the challenges they face in daily life as they are in a specific life phase. A psychoeducation program for this specific age group does not exist yet. We first developed such a program together with autistic adults and clinicians working with autistic people, after which we tested the program with nine autistic adults (56-73?years) and someone close to them (so-called proxy). Before testing the program, we determined together with autistic older adults what they thought should be the outcome of this intervention in order to state whether it was, indeed, a useful intervention. Earlier studies found that autistic people often think differently about their own autistic characteristics than their proxy. A reduction of this difference could increase mutual understanding. Therefore, the main hypothesis was that the program would decrease this difference with respect to autistic characteristics and cognitive challenges (e.g. memory problems). Another hypothesis was that the program would have a positive impact on a series of other factors, such as self-esteem. The results showed that the program did neither decrease the difference in insight nor the other tested factors. Nonetheless, we believe it is important to keep on working on a psychoeducation program for older autistic adults, because participants informed us the program had still helped them in certain ways and they gave helpful feedback for improvements of the program. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221138691 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499