Are tantrums in autism distinct from those of other childhood conditions? A comparative prevalence and naturalistic study / Alexis BEAUCHAMP-CHÂTEL in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 62 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 62 (June 2019) . - p.66-74 Titre : Are tantrums in autism distinct from those of other childhood conditions? A comparative prevalence and naturalistic study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alexis BEAUCHAMP-CHÂTEL, Auteur ; Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Baudouin FORGEOT D'ARC, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.66-74 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Tantrums  Temper tantrums  Behavioral problems  Emotional problems  Preschoolers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background While autistic temper tantrums during preschool age are a common challenging behavior, it is unknown whether they are qualitatively and quantitatively different from those arising in other neurodevelopmental conditions. Method Tantrum frequency, duration, triggering factors, behavioral components, parental responses and parental perception of their impact on functioning were collected in 48 autistic spectrum (AS) preschoolers and in 47 preschoolers with other neurodevelopmental conditions, aged from 2 to 5 years. Results The AS group had more frequent tantrums with no identifiable triggers, a higher proportion of tantrums triggered by communication problems and in the context of demands, and their parents were more likely to give in to their demands in response to tantrums. No other group differences in terms of frequency, duration, perceived impact, triggers, modulators and behaviors were found. Conclusion This study did not find an increased frequency of tantrums at a preschool age in youth with and without an AS diagnosis. Further research should now consider if autistic tantrums differ from that of typically developing peers. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.03.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389 [article] Are tantrums in autism distinct from those of other childhood conditions? A comparative prevalence and naturalistic study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alexis BEAUCHAMP-CHÂTEL, Auteur ; Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Baudouin FORGEOT D'ARC, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur . - p.66-74. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 62 (June 2019) . - p.66-74 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Tantrums  Temper tantrums  Behavioral problems  Emotional problems  Preschoolers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background While autistic temper tantrums during preschool age are a common challenging behavior, it is unknown whether they are qualitatively and quantitatively different from those arising in other neurodevelopmental conditions. Method Tantrum frequency, duration, triggering factors, behavioral components, parental responses and parental perception of their impact on functioning were collected in 48 autistic spectrum (AS) preschoolers and in 47 preschoolers with other neurodevelopmental conditions, aged from 2 to 5 years. Results The AS group had more frequent tantrums with no identifiable triggers, a higher proportion of tantrums triggered by communication problems and in the context of demands, and their parents were more likely to give in to their demands in response to tantrums. No other group differences in terms of frequency, duration, perceived impact, triggers, modulators and behaviors were found. Conclusion This study did not find an increased frequency of tantrums at a preschool age in youth with and without an AS diagnosis. Further research should now consider if autistic tantrums differ from that of typically developing peers. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.03.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389

Autism voices: Perspectives of the needs, challenges, and hopes for the future of autistic youth / Rackeb TESFAYE in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1142-1156 Titre : Autism voices: Perspectives of the needs, challenges, and hopes for the future of autistic youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rackeb TESFAYE, Auteur ; Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Pat MIRENDA, Auteur ; Wendy MITCHELL, Auteur ; David NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Ilina SINGH, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1142-1156 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence,first-person perspective,inclusive methods,qualitative research,strength-based Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism Voices study draws on novel inclusive methods to obtain the first-person experiences of autistic youth with a range of cognitive and verbal abilities. Thirty-one autistic youth were interviewed with a strength-based protocol, enabling them to provide responses in the modality of their choice. Dynamics between youth and their environments such as home, school, and community were explored. Youth were questioned about their interests, plans for the future, experiences with various emotions, and experience of autism. Based on a thematic analysis, six themes emerged: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. The experiences described by autistic youth parallel many of the aspirations and challenges of typically developing adolescents, while being uniquely shaped by their autism. We discuss how these insights shared by autistic youth can facilitate active involvement in their communities, promote well-being, and promote optimal transition into adulthood. Autism Voices demonstrates that partnering with multiple stakeholders and the use of inclusive methodologies are pivotal steps toward capturing the voices of all autistic youth.Lay abstractCurrently, our understanding of the adolescent period for autistic youth has relied on the expertise of researchers, clinicians, parents, and teachers, yet rarely involves their unique first-person experiences. Our study attempted to understand the experiences and perspectives of autistic adolescents in their home, school, and community environments using the Autism Voices protocol, a semi-structured interview specifically designed and tailored to engage with autistic youth with various language and intellectual levels. The analysis of the 31 interviews conducted with autistic adolescents aged 11-18?years highlighted six themes: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. These results highlight similarities and differences in the adolescent experiences of autistic youth compared to their typically developing peers. Our findings suggest that by removing assumptions about the experiences of autistic individuals and investing in inclusive interview methods, we can faithfully capture the experiences of autistic youth regardless of their communication and cognitive abilities. Being able to capture and amplify these diverse voices will facilitate the active involvement of autistic communities in research and clinical and policy decisions that impact them. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132108 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Autism voices: Perspectives of the needs, challenges, and hopes for the future of autistic youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rackeb TESFAYE, Auteur ; Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Pat MIRENDA, Auteur ; Wendy MITCHELL, Auteur ; David NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Ilina SINGH, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur . - p.1142-1156. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1142-1156 Mots-clés : adolescence,first-person perspective,inclusive methods,qualitative research,strength-based Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism Voices study draws on novel inclusive methods to obtain the first-person experiences of autistic youth with a range of cognitive and verbal abilities. Thirty-one autistic youth were interviewed with a strength-based protocol, enabling them to provide responses in the modality of their choice. Dynamics between youth and their environments such as home, school, and community were explored. Youth were questioned about their interests, plans for the future, experiences with various emotions, and experience of autism. Based on a thematic analysis, six themes emerged: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. The experiences described by autistic youth parallel many of the aspirations and challenges of typically developing adolescents, while being uniquely shaped by their autism. We discuss how these insights shared by autistic youth can facilitate active involvement in their communities, promote well-being, and promote optimal transition into adulthood. Autism Voices demonstrates that partnering with multiple stakeholders and the use of inclusive methodologies are pivotal steps toward capturing the voices of all autistic youth.Lay abstractCurrently, our understanding of the adolescent period for autistic youth has relied on the expertise of researchers, clinicians, parents, and teachers, yet rarely involves their unique first-person experiences. Our study attempted to understand the experiences and perspectives of autistic adolescents in their home, school, and community environments using the Autism Voices protocol, a semi-structured interview specifically designed and tailored to engage with autistic youth with various language and intellectual levels. The analysis of the 31 interviews conducted with autistic adolescents aged 11-18?years highlighted six themes: (1) autistic identities, (2) thinking about the future, (3) seeking social connection on their own terms, (4) seeking autonomy, (5) school as both a stressor and social facilitator, and (6) experiences of stress and anxiety. These results highlight similarities and differences in the adolescent experiences of autistic youth compared to their typically developing peers. Our findings suggest that by removing assumptions about the experiences of autistic individuals and investing in inclusive interview methods, we can faithfully capture the experiences of autistic youth regardless of their communication and cognitive abilities. Being able to capture and amplify these diverse voices will facilitate the active involvement of autistic communities in research and clinical and policy decisions that impact them. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132108 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

L'autisme / Valérie COURCHESNE

Public ISBD in Traité de neuropsychologie de l'enfant / Steve MAJERUS Titre : L'autisme Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Anne-Marie NADER, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Importance : p.260-283 Langues : Français (fre) Index. décimale : SCI-C SCI-C - Neuropsychologie Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=481 in Traité de neuropsychologie de l'enfant / Steve MAJERUS L'autisme [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Anne-Marie NADER, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur . - 2020 . - p.260-283. Langues : Français (fre) Index. décimale : SCI-C SCI-C - Neuropsychologie Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=481

Exemplaires

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Autistic children at risk of being underestimated: school-based pilot study of a strength-informed assessment / Valérie COURCHESNE in Molecular Autism, (March 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (March 2015) . - p.1-10 Titre : Autistic children at risk of being underestimated: school-based pilot study of a strength-informed assessment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Andrée-Anne S. MEILLEUR, Auteur ; Marie-Pier POULIN-LORD, Auteur ; Michelle DAWSON, Auteur ; Isabelle SOULIERES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-10 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An important minority of school-aged autistic children, often characterized as ‘nonverbal’ or ‘minimally verbal,’ displays little or no spoken language. These children are at risk of being judged ‘low-functioning’ or ‘untestable’ via conventional cognitive testing practices. One neglected avenue for assessing autistic children so situated is to engage current knowledge of autistic cognitive strengths. Our aim was thus to pilot a strength-informed assessment of autistic children whose poor performance on conventional instruments suggests their cognitive potential is very limited. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0006-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277 [article] Autistic children at risk of being underestimated: school-based pilot study of a strength-informed assessment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Andrée-Anne S. MEILLEUR, Auteur ; Marie-Pier POULIN-LORD, Auteur ; Michelle DAWSON, Auteur ; Isabelle SOULIERES, Auteur . - p.1-10. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (March 2015) . - p.1-10 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An important minority of school-aged autistic children, often characterized as ‘nonverbal’ or ‘minimally verbal,’ displays little or no spoken language. These children are at risk of being judged ‘low-functioning’ or ‘untestable’ via conventional cognitive testing practices. One neglected avenue for assessing autistic children so situated is to engage current knowledge of autistic cognitive strengths. Our aim was thus to pilot a strength-informed assessment of autistic children whose poor performance on conventional instruments suggests their cognitive potential is very limited. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0006-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277

Clinical correlates of diagnostic certainty in children and youths with Autistic Disorder / Eya-Mist RØDGAARD in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 15p. Titre : Clinical correlates of diagnostic certainty in children and youths with Autistic Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eya-Mist RØDGAARD, Auteur ; Borja RODRIGUEZ-HERREROS, Auteur ; Abderrahim ZERIBI, Auteur ; Kristian JENSEN, Auteur ; Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Elise DOUARD, Auteur ; David GAGNON, Auteur ; Guillaume HUGUET, Auteur ; Sebastien JACQUEMONT, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur Article en page(s) : 15p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  Humans  Adolescent  Child, Preschool  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Language  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Ados  Certainty  Diagnosis  Macrocephaly Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Clinicians diagnosing autism rely on diagnostic criteria and instruments in combination with an implicit knowledge based on clinical expertise of the specific signs and presentations associated with the condition. This implicit knowledge influences how diagnostic criteria are interpreted, but it cannot be directly observed. Instead, insight into clinicians' understanding of autism can be gained by investigating their diagnostic certainty. Modest correlations between the certainty of an autism diagnosis and symptom load have been previously reported. Here, we investigated the associations of diagnostic certainty with specific items of the ADOS as well as other clinical features including head circumference. METHODS: Phenotypic data from the Simons Simplex Collection was used to investigate clinical correlates of diagnostic certainty in individuals diagnosed with Autistic Disorder (n = 1511, age 4 to 18 years). Participants were stratified by the ADOS module used to evaluate them. We investigated how diagnostic certainty was associated with total ADOS scores, age, and ADOS module. We calculated the odds-ratios of being diagnosed with the highest possible certainty given the presence or absence of different signs during the ADOS evaluation. Associations between diagnostic certainty and other cognitive and clinical variables were also assessed. RESULTS: In each ADOS module, some items showed a larger association with diagnostic certainty than others. Head circumference was significantly higher for individuals with the highest certainty rating across all three ADOS modules. In turn, head circumference was positively correlated with some of the ADOS items that were associated with diagnostic certainty, and was negatively correlated with verbal/nonverbal IQ ratio among those assessed with ADOS module 2. LIMITATIONS: The investigated cohort was heterogeneous, e.g. in terms of age, IQ, language level, and total ADOS score, which could impede the identification of associations that only exist in a subgroup of the population. The variability of the certainty ratings in the sample was low, limiting the power to identify potential associations with other variables. Additionally, the scoring of diagnostic certainty may vary between clinicians. CONCLUSION: Some ADOS items may better capture the signs that are most associated with clinicians' implicit knowledge of Autistic Disorder. If replicated in future studies, new diagnostic instruments with differentiated weighting of signs may be needed to better reflect this, possibly resulting in better specificity in standardized assessments. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00592-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] Clinical correlates of diagnostic certainty in children and youths with Autistic Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eya-Mist RØDGAARD, Auteur ; Borja RODRIGUEZ-HERREROS, Auteur ; Abderrahim ZERIBI, Auteur ; Kristian JENSEN, Auteur ; Valérie COURCHESNE, Auteur ; Elise DOUARD, Auteur ; David GAGNON, Auteur ; Guillaume HUGUET, Auteur ; Sebastien JACQUEMONT, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur . - 15p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 15p. Mots-clés : Child  Humans  Adolescent  Child, Preschool  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Language  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Ados  Certainty  Diagnosis  Macrocephaly Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Clinicians diagnosing autism rely on diagnostic criteria and instruments in combination with an implicit knowledge based on clinical expertise of the specific signs and presentations associated with the condition. This implicit knowledge influences how diagnostic criteria are interpreted, but it cannot be directly observed. Instead, insight into clinicians' understanding of autism can be gained by investigating their diagnostic certainty. Modest correlations between the certainty of an autism diagnosis and symptom load have been previously reported. Here, we investigated the associations of diagnostic certainty with specific items of the ADOS as well as other clinical features including head circumference. METHODS: Phenotypic data from the Simons Simplex Collection was used to investigate clinical correlates of diagnostic certainty in individuals diagnosed with Autistic Disorder (n = 1511, age 4 to 18 years). Participants were stratified by the ADOS module used to evaluate them. We investigated how diagnostic certainty was associated with total ADOS scores, age, and ADOS module. We calculated the odds-ratios of being diagnosed with the highest possible certainty given the presence or absence of different signs during the ADOS evaluation. Associations between diagnostic certainty and other cognitive and clinical variables were also assessed. RESULTS: In each ADOS module, some items showed a larger association with diagnostic certainty than others. Head circumference was significantly higher for individuals with the highest certainty rating across all three ADOS modules. In turn, head circumference was positively correlated with some of the ADOS items that were associated with diagnostic certainty, and was negatively correlated with verbal/nonverbal IQ ratio among those assessed with ADOS module 2. LIMITATIONS: The investigated cohort was heterogeneous, e.g. in terms of age, IQ, language level, and total ADOS score, which could impede the identification of associations that only exist in a subgroup of the population. The variability of the certainty ratings in the sample was low, limiting the power to identify potential associations with other variables. Additionally, the scoring of diagnostic certainty may vary between clinicians. CONCLUSION: Some ADOS items may better capture the signs that are most associated with clinicians' implicit knowledge of Autistic Disorder. If replicated in future studies, new diagnostic instruments with differentiated weighting of signs may be needed to better reflect this, possibly resulting in better specificity in standardized assessments. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00592-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

Does WISC-IV Underestimate the Intelligence of Autistic Children? / Anne-Marie NADER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-5 (May 2016)  

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A propos du profil intellectuel des personnes sur le spectre de l'autisme / Valérie COURCHESNE in Sésame, 198 (Juin 2016)

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Severity should be distinguished from prototypicality / Laurent MOTTRON in Autism Research, 16-9 (September 2023)  

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Visual abilities and exploration behaviors as predictors of intelligence in autistic children from preschool to school age / Dominique GIRARD in Autism, 27-8 (November 2023)  

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