Autism spectrum disorder and personality disorders: How do clinicians carry out a differential diagnosis? / Clare S ALLELY in Autism, 27-6 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-6 (August 2023) . - p.1847-1850 Titre : Autism spectrum disorder and personality disorders: How do clinicians carry out a differential diagnosis? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Clare S ALLELY, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Raja AS MUKHERJEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1847-1850 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD;autism spectrum disorder;personality disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although it is recognised that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and personality disorders (PDs) have a variety of factors in common, the exact nature of the relationship between ASD and the PDs remains unclear. The overlapping symptom profiles and complexities in developmental trajectories in ASD and PDs can lead to diagnostic uncertainty and to challenges in determining differential diagnoses. Features of ASD and PD can be misattributed and easily lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnoses in patients who have a diagnosis of ASD, which may impact therapeutic pathways. Since differentiating between ASD and PD is such a complex task with implications for therapeutic approaches, it has been argued that there is a need for additional understanding and markers for facilitating diagnostic procedures. There is an urgent need to explore how clinicians make diagnostic decisions and the challenges they face in forming diagnostic conclusions. Where overlaps exist, it is important to consider how clinicians interpret and attribute certain characteristics within the context of ASD and/or PD diagnoses.Lay AbstractIt is now recognised that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and personality disorders (PDs) have a variety of factors in common. However, the exact nature of the relationship between ASD and the PDs remains unclear. The overlapping symptom profiles of ASD and PDs can lead to diagnostic uncertainty - features of ASD and PD can be misattributed and easily lead to misdiagnosis of ASD patients. Since differentiating between ASD and PD is such a complex task, it has been argued that there is a need for additional understanding and markers for facilitating diagnostic procedures. There is an urgent need to explore, first, how clinicians make diagnostic decisions and, second, how to effectively deal with the challenges and difficulties they face when making decisions. Also, where there are clear overlaps, how do clinicians choose how to attribute labels in order to understand the person. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231151356 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=509 [article] Autism spectrum disorder and personality disorders: How do clinicians carry out a differential diagnosis? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Clare S ALLELY, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Raja AS MUKHERJEE, Auteur . - p.1847-1850. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-6 (August 2023) . - p.1847-1850 Mots-clés : ASD;autism spectrum disorder;personality disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although it is recognised that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and personality disorders (PDs) have a variety of factors in common, the exact nature of the relationship between ASD and the PDs remains unclear. The overlapping symptom profiles and complexities in developmental trajectories in ASD and PDs can lead to diagnostic uncertainty and to challenges in determining differential diagnoses. Features of ASD and PD can be misattributed and easily lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnoses in patients who have a diagnosis of ASD, which may impact therapeutic pathways. Since differentiating between ASD and PD is such a complex task with implications for therapeutic approaches, it has been argued that there is a need for additional understanding and markers for facilitating diagnostic procedures. There is an urgent need to explore how clinicians make diagnostic decisions and the challenges they face in forming diagnostic conclusions. Where overlaps exist, it is important to consider how clinicians interpret and attribute certain characteristics within the context of ASD and/or PD diagnoses.Lay AbstractIt is now recognised that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and personality disorders (PDs) have a variety of factors in common. However, the exact nature of the relationship between ASD and the PDs remains unclear. The overlapping symptom profiles of ASD and PDs can lead to diagnostic uncertainty - features of ASD and PD can be misattributed and easily lead to misdiagnosis of ASD patients. Since differentiating between ASD and PD is such a complex task, it has been argued that there is a need for additional understanding and markers for facilitating diagnostic procedures. There is an urgent need to explore, first, how clinicians make diagnostic decisions and, second, how to effectively deal with the challenges and difficulties they face when making decisions. Also, where there are clear overlaps, how do clinicians choose how to attribute labels in order to understand the person. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231151356 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=509

Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in community settings using the Development and Well-Being Assessment: validation in a UK population-based twin sample / Fiona S. MCEWEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-2 (February 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-2 (February 2016) . - p.161-170 Titre : Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in community settings using the Development and Well-Being Assessment: validation in a UK population-based twin sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Fiona S. MCEWEN, Auteur ; Catherine S. STEWART, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Sarah CURRAN, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Victoria HALLETT, Auteur ; Stephanie LIETZ, Auteur ; Tracy GARNETT, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.161-170 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  adolescence  assessment  diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Increasing numbers of people are being referred for the assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The NICE (UK) and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend gathering a developmental history using a tool that operationalises ICD/DSM criteria. However, the best-established diagnostic interview instruments are time consuming, costly and rarely used outside national specialist centres. What is needed is a brief, cost-effective measure validated in community settings. We tested the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) for diagnosing ASD in a sample of children/adolescents representative of those presenting in community mental health settings. Methods A general population sample of twins (TEDS) was screened and 276 adolescents were selected as at low (CAST score < 12; n = 164) or high risk for ASD (CAST score ? 15 and/or parent reported that ASD suspected/previously diagnosed; n = 112). Parents completed the ASD module of the DAWBA interview by telephone or online. Families were visited at home: the ADI-R and autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS) were completed to allow a best-estimate research diagnosis of ASD to be made. Results Development and Well-Being Assessment ASD symptom scores correlated highly with ADI-R algorithm scores (? = .82, p < .001). Good sensitivity (0.88) and specificity (0.85) were achieved using DAWBA computerised algorithms. Clinician review of responses to DAWBA questions minimally changed sensitivity (0.86) and specificity (0.87). Positive (0.82–0.95) and negative (0.90) predictive values were high. Eighty-six per cent of children were correctly classified. Performance was improved by using it in conjunction with the ADOS. Conclusions The DAWBA is a brief structured interview that showed good sensitivity and specificity in this general population sample. It requires little training, is easy to administer (online or by interview) and diagnosis is aided by an algorithm. It holds promise as a tool for assisting with assessment in community settings and may help services implement the recommendations made by NICE and the American Academy of Pediatrics regarding diagnosis of young people on the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12447 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=280 [article] Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in community settings using the Development and Well-Being Assessment: validation in a UK population-based twin sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Fiona S. MCEWEN, Auteur ; Catherine S. STEWART, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Sarah CURRAN, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Victoria HALLETT, Auteur ; Stephanie LIETZ, Auteur ; Tracy GARNETT, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur . - p.161-170. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-2 (February 2016) . - p.161-170 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  adolescence  assessment  diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Increasing numbers of people are being referred for the assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The NICE (UK) and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend gathering a developmental history using a tool that operationalises ICD/DSM criteria. However, the best-established diagnostic interview instruments are time consuming, costly and rarely used outside national specialist centres. What is needed is a brief, cost-effective measure validated in community settings. We tested the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) for diagnosing ASD in a sample of children/adolescents representative of those presenting in community mental health settings. Methods A general population sample of twins (TEDS) was screened and 276 adolescents were selected as at low (CAST score < 12; n = 164) or high risk for ASD (CAST score ? 15 and/or parent reported that ASD suspected/previously diagnosed; n = 112). Parents completed the ASD module of the DAWBA interview by telephone or online. Families were visited at home: the ADI-R and autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS) were completed to allow a best-estimate research diagnosis of ASD to be made. Results Development and Well-Being Assessment ASD symptom scores correlated highly with ADI-R algorithm scores (? = .82, p < .001). Good sensitivity (0.88) and specificity (0.85) were achieved using DAWBA computerised algorithms. Clinician review of responses to DAWBA questions minimally changed sensitivity (0.86) and specificity (0.87). Positive (0.82–0.95) and negative (0.90) predictive values were high. Eighty-six per cent of children were correctly classified. Performance was improved by using it in conjunction with the ADOS. Conclusions The DAWBA is a brief structured interview that showed good sensitivity and specificity in this general population sample. It requires little training, is easy to administer (online or by interview) and diagnosis is aided by an algorithm. It holds promise as a tool for assisting with assessment in community settings and may help services implement the recommendations made by NICE and the American Academy of Pediatrics regarding diagnosis of young people on the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12447 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=280

Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? / C. Ellie WILSON in Autism, 20-7 (October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 20-7 (October 2016) . - p.808-819 Titre : Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Grainne MCALONAN, Auteur ; Dene M ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; J Chris OHLSEN, Auteur ; Janneke ZINKSTOK, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Jessica FAULKNER, Auteur ; Hatice YILDIRAN, Auteur ; Vaughan BELL, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Declan GM MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.808-819 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis  females  males  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x2?=?4.09; p?=?0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ?>?70; N?=?827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p?=?0.001, d?=?0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected autism spectrum disorder. The sexes may present with different manifestations of the autism spectrum disorder phenotype and differences vary by diagnostic subtype. Understanding and awareness of adult female repetitive behaviours/restricted interests warrant attention and sex-specific diagnostic assessment tools may need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315611381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=293 [article] Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Grainne MCALONAN, Auteur ; Dene M ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; J Chris OHLSEN, Auteur ; Janneke ZINKSTOK, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Jessica FAULKNER, Auteur ; Hatice YILDIRAN, Auteur ; Vaughan BELL, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Declan GM MURPHY, Auteur . - p.808-819. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 20-7 (October 2016) . - p.808-819 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis  females  males  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x2?=?4.09; p?=?0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ?>?70; N?=?827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p?=?0.001, d?=?0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected autism spectrum disorder. The sexes may present with different manifestations of the autism spectrum disorder phenotype and differences vary by diagnostic subtype. Understanding and awareness of adult female repetitive behaviours/restricted interests warrant attention and sex-specific diagnostic assessment tools may need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315611381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=293

Exploring anxiety symptoms in a large-scale twin study of children with autism spectrum disorders, their co-twins and controls / Victoria HALLETT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-11 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1176-1185 Titre : Exploring anxiety symptoms in a large-scale twin study of children with autism spectrum disorders, their co-twins and controls Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Victoria HALLETT, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Catherine S. AMES, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Stephanie LIETZ, Auteur ; Tracy GARNETT, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Lawrence SCAHILL, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1176-1185 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  anxiety  twin  siblings  comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience difficulties with anxiety, the manifestation of these difficulties remains unresolved. The current study assessed anxiety in a large population-based twin sample, aged 10–15 years. Phenotypic analyses were used to explore anxiety symptoms in children with ASDs, their unaffected co-twins and a control sample. Methods Participants included 146 families from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) where one or both children had a suspected ASD. Eighty control families were also included. The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression scale (Chorpita, Yim, Moffitt, Umemoto Francis, 2000) was completed (self- and parent-report), along with diagnostic and cognitive tests. Children were categorized into four groups (a) ASD (b) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP: mainly co-twins of children with ASDs, with high subclinical autistic traits) (c) unaffected co-twins (with neither ASDs nor BAP) (d) controls. Results Children in the ASD and BAP groups scored significantly higher than controls for all parent-rated (although not child-rated) anxiety subscales. There were no significant differences between the ASD and BAP groups for any of the parent-rated anxiety subscales. Compared with controls, unaffected co-twins showed significantly heightened Social Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety, and Panic symptoms. Significant associations were observed between certain anxiety subscales and both IQ and ASD symptoms. For example, greater parent-rated Social Anxiety was associated with higher IQ and increased social and communicative impairments. Significant interrater correlations were observed for anxiety reports in children with ASDs (r = .27–.54; p .01), their unaffected co-twins (r = .32–.63; p .01) and controls (r = .23–.43; p .01) suggesting that children in this sample with and without ASD symptoms were able to report on their anxiety symptoms with some accuracy. Conclusions These findings support previous reports of heightened anxiety in children with ASDs, at least on parent-reported measures. Unaffected co-twins of children with ASDs also showed increased anxiety, generating questions about the potential etiological overlap between ASDs and anxiety. Progress in this area now depends on more refined anxiety measurement in ASDs and continued investigation of interrater differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=217 [article] Exploring anxiety symptoms in a large-scale twin study of children with autism spectrum disorders, their co-twins and controls [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Victoria HALLETT, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Catherine S. AMES, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Stephanie LIETZ, Auteur ; Tracy GARNETT, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Lawrence SCAHILL, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.1176-1185. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1176-1185 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  anxiety  twin  siblings  comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience difficulties with anxiety, the manifestation of these difficulties remains unresolved. The current study assessed anxiety in a large population-based twin sample, aged 10–15 years. Phenotypic analyses were used to explore anxiety symptoms in children with ASDs, their unaffected co-twins and a control sample. Methods Participants included 146 families from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) where one or both children had a suspected ASD. Eighty control families were also included. The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression scale (Chorpita, Yim, Moffitt, Umemoto Francis, 2000) was completed (self- and parent-report), along with diagnostic and cognitive tests. Children were categorized into four groups (a) ASD (b) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP: mainly co-twins of children with ASDs, with high subclinical autistic traits) (c) unaffected co-twins (with neither ASDs nor BAP) (d) controls. Results Children in the ASD and BAP groups scored significantly higher than controls for all parent-rated (although not child-rated) anxiety subscales. There were no significant differences between the ASD and BAP groups for any of the parent-rated anxiety subscales. Compared with controls, unaffected co-twins showed significantly heightened Social Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety, and Panic symptoms. Significant associations were observed between certain anxiety subscales and both IQ and ASD symptoms. For example, greater parent-rated Social Anxiety was associated with higher IQ and increased social and communicative impairments. Significant interrater correlations were observed for anxiety reports in children with ASDs (r = .27–.54; p .01), their unaffected co-twins (r = .32–.63; p .01) and controls (r = .23–.43; p .01) suggesting that children in this sample with and without ASD symptoms were able to report on their anxiety symptoms with some accuracy. Conclusions These findings support previous reports of heightened anxiety in children with ASDs, at least on parent-reported measures. Unaffected co-twins of children with ASDs also showed increased anxiety, generating questions about the potential etiological overlap between ASDs and anxiety. Progress in this area now depends on more refined anxiety measurement in ASDs and continued investigation of interrater differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=217

Exploring the cognitive features in children with autism spectrum disorder, their co-twins, and typically developing children within a population-based sample / Victoria E. A. BRUNSDON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-8 (August 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-8 (August 2015) . - p.893-902 Titre : Exploring the cognitive features in children with autism spectrum disorder, their co-twins, and typically developing children within a population-based sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Victoria E. A. BRUNSDON, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Catherine S. AMES, Auteur ; Tracy GARNETT, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Victoria HALLETT, Auteur ; Stephanie LIETZ, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.893-902 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  cognition  theory of mind  executive function  weak central coherence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The behavioural symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are thought to reflect underlying cognitive deficits/differences. The findings in the literature are somewhat mixed regarding the cognitive features of ASD. This study attempted to address this issue by investigating a range of cognitive deficits and the prevalence of multiple cognitive atypicalities in a large population-based sample comprising children with ASD, their unaffected co-twins, and typically developing comparison children. Methods Participants included families from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) where one or both children met diagnostic criteria for ASD. Overall, 181 adolescents with a diagnosis of ASD and 73 unaffected co-twins were included, plus an additional 160 comparison control participants. An extensive cognitive battery was administered to measure IQ, central coherence, executive function, and theory of mind ability. Results Differences between groups (ASD, co-twin, control) are reported on tasks assessing theory of mind, executive function, and central coherence. The ASD group performed atypically in significantly more cognitive tasks than the unaffected co-twin and control groups. Nearly a third of the ASD group presented with multiple cognitive atypicalities. Conclusions Multiple cognitive atypicalities appear to be a characteristic, but not universal feature, of ASD. Further work is needed to investigate whether specific cognitive atypicalities, either alone or together, are related to specific behaviours characteristic of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12362 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=263 [article] Exploring the cognitive features in children with autism spectrum disorder, their co-twins, and typically developing children within a population-based sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Victoria E. A. BRUNSDON, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Catherine S. AMES, Auteur ; Tracy GARNETT, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Victoria HALLETT, Auteur ; Stephanie LIETZ, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.893-902. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-8 (August 2015) . - p.893-902 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  cognition  theory of mind  executive function  weak central coherence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The behavioural symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are thought to reflect underlying cognitive deficits/differences. The findings in the literature are somewhat mixed regarding the cognitive features of ASD. This study attempted to address this issue by investigating a range of cognitive deficits and the prevalence of multiple cognitive atypicalities in a large population-based sample comprising children with ASD, their unaffected co-twins, and typically developing comparison children. Methods Participants included families from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) where one or both children met diagnostic criteria for ASD. Overall, 181 adolescents with a diagnosis of ASD and 73 unaffected co-twins were included, plus an additional 160 comparison control participants. An extensive cognitive battery was administered to measure IQ, central coherence, executive function, and theory of mind ability. Results Differences between groups (ASD, co-twin, control) are reported on tasks assessing theory of mind, executive function, and central coherence. The ASD group performed atypically in significantly more cognitive tasks than the unaffected co-twin and control groups. Nearly a third of the ASD group presented with multiple cognitive atypicalities. Conclusions Multiple cognitive atypicalities appear to be a characteristic, but not universal feature, of ASD. Further work is needed to investigate whether specific cognitive atypicalities, either alone or together, are related to specific behaviours characteristic of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12362 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=263

Screening for co-occurring conditions in adults with autism spectrum disorder using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A pilot study / James FINDON in Autism Research, 9-12 (December 2016)  

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