Binocular rivalry in children on the autism spectrum / Themis KARAMINIS in Autism Research, 10-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-6 (June 2017) . - p.1096-1106 Titre : Binocular rivalry in children on the autism spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Themis KARAMINIS, Auteur ; Claudia LUNGHI, Auteur ; Louise NEIL, Auteur ; David BURR, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1096-1106 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : binocular rivalry  autism  perception  bistable perception  vision  atypical development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : When different images are presented to the eyes, the brain is faced with ambiguity, causing perceptual bistability: visual perception continuously alternates between the monocular images, a phenomenon called binocular rivalry. Many models of rivalry suggest that its temporal dynamics depend on mutual inhibition among neurons representing competing images. These models predict that rivalry should be different in autism, which has been proposed to present an atypical ratio of excitation and inhibition [the E/I imbalance hypothesis; Rubenstein & Merzenich, 2003]. In line with this prediction, some recent studies have provided evidence for atypical binocular rivalry dynamics in autistic adults. In this study, we examined if these findings generalize to autistic children. We developed a child-friendly binocular rivalry paradigm, which included two types of stimuli, low- and high-complexity, and compared rivalry dynamics in groups of autistic and age- and intellectual ability-matched typical children. Unexpectedly, the two groups of children presented the same number of perceptual transitions and the same mean phase durations (times perceiving one of the two stimuli). Yet autistic children reported mixed percepts for a shorter proportion of time (a difference which was in the opposite direction to previous adult studies), while elevated autistic symptomatology was associated with shorter mixed perception periods. Rivalry in the two groups was affected similarly by stimulus type, and consistent with previous findings. Our results suggest that rivalry dynamics are differentially affected in adults and developing autistic children and could be accounted for by hierarchical models of binocular rivalry, including both inhibition and top-down influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1749 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309 [article] Binocular rivalry in children on the autism spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Themis KARAMINIS, Auteur ; Claudia LUNGHI, Auteur ; Louise NEIL, Auteur ; David BURR, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur . - p.1096-1106. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-6 (June 2017) . - p.1096-1106 Mots-clés : binocular rivalry  autism  perception  bistable perception  vision  atypical development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : When different images are presented to the eyes, the brain is faced with ambiguity, causing perceptual bistability: visual perception continuously alternates between the monocular images, a phenomenon called binocular rivalry. Many models of rivalry suggest that its temporal dynamics depend on mutual inhibition among neurons representing competing images. These models predict that rivalry should be different in autism, which has been proposed to present an atypical ratio of excitation and inhibition [the E/I imbalance hypothesis; Rubenstein & Merzenich, 2003]. In line with this prediction, some recent studies have provided evidence for atypical binocular rivalry dynamics in autistic adults. In this study, we examined if these findings generalize to autistic children. We developed a child-friendly binocular rivalry paradigm, which included two types of stimuli, low- and high-complexity, and compared rivalry dynamics in groups of autistic and age- and intellectual ability-matched typical children. Unexpectedly, the two groups of children presented the same number of perceptual transitions and the same mean phase durations (times perceiving one of the two stimuli). Yet autistic children reported mixed percepts for a shorter proportion of time (a difference which was in the opposite direction to previous adult studies), while elevated autistic symptomatology was associated with shorter mixed perception periods. Rivalry in the two groups was affected similarly by stimulus type, and consistent with previous findings. Our results suggest that rivalry dynamics are differentially affected in adults and developing autistic children and could be accounted for by hierarchical models of binocular rivalry, including both inhibition and top-down influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1749 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309

The Psychometric Properties of a New Measure of Sensory Behaviors in Autistic Children / Louise NEIL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-4 (April 2017) . - p.1261-1268 Titre : The Psychometric Properties of a New Measure of Sensory Behaviors in Autistic Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Louise NEIL, Auteur ; Dido GREEN, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1261-1268 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sensory  Questionnaire  Sensory behaviors  Sensory sensitivities  Autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unusual reactions to sensory input became part of the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder in the DSM-5. Measures accurately assessing these symptoms are important for clinical decisions. This study examined the reliability and validity of the Sensory Behavior Questionnaire, a parent-report scale designed to assess frequency and impact of sensory behaviors in autistic children. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency and concurrent validity, and was a better predictor of autistic symptoms than the Short Sensory Profile within a group of 66 school-age autistic children. The scale also successfully discriminated between autistic and typical children of similar age and ability. The Sensory Behavior Questionnaire has potential as a measure of sensory behaviors in children on the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-3018-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] The Psychometric Properties of a New Measure of Sensory Behaviors in Autistic Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Louise NEIL, Auteur ; Dido GREEN, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur . - p.1261-1268. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-4 (April 2017) . - p.1261-1268 Mots-clés : Sensory  Questionnaire  Sensory behaviors  Sensory sensitivities  Autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unusual reactions to sensory input became part of the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder in the DSM-5. Measures accurately assessing these symptoms are important for clinical decisions. This study examined the reliability and validity of the Sensory Behavior Questionnaire, a parent-report scale designed to assess frequency and impact of sensory behaviors in autistic children. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency and concurrent validity, and was a better predictor of autistic symptoms than the Short Sensory Profile within a group of 66 school-age autistic children. The scale also successfully discriminated between autistic and typical children of similar age and ability. The Sensory Behavior Questionnaire has potential as a measure of sensory behaviors in children on the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-3018-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

The Relationship Between Intolerance of Uncertainty, Sensory Sensitivities, and Anxiety in Autistic and Typically Developing Children / Louise NEIL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-6 (June 2016) . - p.1962-1973 Titre : The Relationship Between Intolerance of Uncertainty, Sensory Sensitivities, and Anxiety in Autistic and Typically Developing Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Louise NEIL, Auteur ; Nora Choque OLSSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1962-1973 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sensory sensitivities  Anxiety  Intolerance of uncertainty Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Guided by a recent theory that proposes fundamental differences in how autistic individuals deal with uncertainty, we investigated the extent to which the cognitive construct ‘intolerance of uncertainty’ and anxiety were related to parental reports of sensory sensitivities in 64 autistic and 85 typically developing children aged 6–14 years. Intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety explained approximately half the variance in autistic children’s sensory sensitivities, but only around a fifth of the variance in typical children’s sensory sensitivities. In children with autism only, intolerance of uncertainty remained a significant predictor of children’s sensory sensitivities once the effects of anxiety were adjusted for. Our results suggest intolerance of uncertainty is a relevant construct to sensory sensitivities in children with and without autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2721-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288 [article] The Relationship Between Intolerance of Uncertainty, Sensory Sensitivities, and Anxiety in Autistic and Typically Developing Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Louise NEIL, Auteur ; Nora Choque OLSSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur . - p.1962-1973. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-6 (June 2016) . - p.1962-1973 Mots-clés : Sensory sensitivities  Anxiety  Intolerance of uncertainty Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Guided by a recent theory that proposes fundamental differences in how autistic individuals deal with uncertainty, we investigated the extent to which the cognitive construct ‘intolerance of uncertainty’ and anxiety were related to parental reports of sensory sensitivities in 64 autistic and 85 typically developing children aged 6–14 years. Intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety explained approximately half the variance in autistic children’s sensory sensitivities, but only around a fifth of the variance in typical children’s sensory sensitivities. In children with autism only, intolerance of uncertainty remained a significant predictor of children’s sensory sensitivities once the effects of anxiety were adjusted for. Our results suggest intolerance of uncertainty is a relevant construct to sensory sensitivities in children with and without autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2721-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288

Trust and childhood maltreatment: evidence of bias in appraisal of unfamiliar faces / Louise NEIL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-6 (June 2022) . - p.655-662 Titre : Trust and childhood maltreatment: evidence of bias in appraisal of unfamiliar faces Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Louise NEIL, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Diana ARMBRUSTER-GENC, Auteur ; Matteo LISI, Auteur ; Isabelle MARESCHAL, Auteur ; Georgia RANKIN, Auteur ; Molly SHARP, Auteur ; Harriet PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Jessica RAPLEY, Auteur ; Peter MARTIN, Auteur ; Eamon MCCRORY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.655-662 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Maltreatment  childhood adversity  face processing  peer relationships  trust Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment is associated with poorer social functioning and increased risk of mental health problems in adolescence and adulthood, but the processes underlying these associations remain unclear. Although crucial for establishing and maintaining relationships, trust judgements have not been experimentally investigated in children who have experienced abuse and neglect. METHODS: A community-based sample of 75 children aged 8-16?years with maltreatment documented on the basis of social services records, and a group of 70 peers matched on age, gender, cognitive ability, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity took part in the study. Children completed a trustworthiness face-judgement task in which they appraised the trustworthiness of unfamiliar facial stimuli varying along a computationally modelled trustworthiness dimension. RESULTS: In line with clinical observations that childhood maltreatment is associated with an atypical pattern of trust processing, children with maltreatment experience were significantly less likely than their peers to rate unfamiliar faces as trustworthy. Moreover, they were more variable in their trust attributions than their peers. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides compelling experimental evidence that children with documented maltreatment perceive others as less trustworthy than their peers and are less consistent in their estimates of trustworthiness in others. Over time, alterations in trust processing may disrupt the development of social bonds and contribute to 'social thinning' (a reduction in the extent and quality of social relationships), leaving children more vulnerable to environmental stressors, increasing risk of mental health difficulties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13503 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475 [article] Trust and childhood maltreatment: evidence of bias in appraisal of unfamiliar faces [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Louise NEIL, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Diana ARMBRUSTER-GENC, Auteur ; Matteo LISI, Auteur ; Isabelle MARESCHAL, Auteur ; Georgia RANKIN, Auteur ; Molly SHARP, Auteur ; Harriet PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Jessica RAPLEY, Auteur ; Peter MARTIN, Auteur ; Eamon MCCRORY, Auteur . - p.655-662. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-6 (June 2022) . - p.655-662 Mots-clés : Maltreatment  childhood adversity  face processing  peer relationships  trust Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment is associated with poorer social functioning and increased risk of mental health problems in adolescence and adulthood, but the processes underlying these associations remain unclear. Although crucial for establishing and maintaining relationships, trust judgements have not been experimentally investigated in children who have experienced abuse and neglect. METHODS: A community-based sample of 75 children aged 8-16?years with maltreatment documented on the basis of social services records, and a group of 70 peers matched on age, gender, cognitive ability, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity took part in the study. Children completed a trustworthiness face-judgement task in which they appraised the trustworthiness of unfamiliar facial stimuli varying along a computationally modelled trustworthiness dimension. RESULTS: In line with clinical observations that childhood maltreatment is associated with an atypical pattern of trust processing, children with maltreatment experience were significantly less likely than their peers to rate unfamiliar faces as trustworthy. Moreover, they were more variable in their trust attributions than their peers. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides compelling experimental evidence that children with documented maltreatment perceive others as less trustworthy than their peers and are less consistent in their estimates of trustworthiness in others. Over time, alterations in trust processing may disrupt the development of social bonds and contribute to 'social thinning' (a reduction in the extent and quality of social relationships), leaving children more vulnerable to environmental stressors, increasing risk of mental health difficulties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13503 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475

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